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201. Comparison of Visual and Quantitative Florbetapir F 18 Positron Emission Tomography Analysis in Predicting Mild Cognitive Impairment Outcomes

Author

Schreiber, Stefanie, Landau, Susan M, Gamst, Anthony, Cellar, Janet S, Burns, Jeffrey M, Anderson, Heather S, Laubinger, Mary M, Bartzokis, George, Silverman, Daniel H S, Lu, Po H, Graff-Radford, Neill R, Parfitt, Francine, Johnson, Heather, Soares, Holly, Farlow, Martin, Herring, Scott, Hake, Ann M, van Dyck, Christopher H, MacAvoy, Martha G, Benincasa, Amanda L, Chertkow, Howard, Bergman, Howard, Hosein, Chris, Black, Sandra, Green, Robert C, Graham, Simon, Caldwell, Curtis, Hsiung, Ging-Yuek Robin, Feldman, Howard, Assaly, Michele, Kertesz, Andrew, Rogers, John, Trost, Dick, Bernick, Charles, Munic, Donna, Montine, Tom, Wu, Chuang-Kuo, Johnson, Nancy, Mesulam, Marsel, Sadowsky, Carl, Martinez, Walter, Villena, Teresa, Turner, Scott, Johnson, Kathleen B, Behan, Kelly E, Sperling, Reisa A, Thomas, Ronald G, Rentz, Dorene M, Johnson, Keith A, Rosen, Allyson, Tinklenberg, Jared, Ashford, Wes, Sabbagh, Marwan, Connor, Donald, Jacobson, Sandra, Killiany, Ronald, Norbash, Alexander, Donohue, Michael, Nair, Anil, Obisesan, Thomas O, Jayam-Trouth, Annapurni, Wang, Paul, Lerner, Alan, Hudson, Leon, Ogrocki, Paula, DeCarli, Charles, Fletcher, Evan, Carmichael, Owen, Walter, Sarah, Kittur, Smita, Mirje, Seema, Borrie, Michael, Lee, T-Y, Bartha, Rob, Johnson, Sterling, Asthana, Sanjay, Carlsson, Cynthia M, Potkin, Steven G, Preda, Adrian, Dale, Anders, Nguyen, Dana, Tariot, Pierre, Fleisher, Adam, Reeder, Stephanie, Bates, Vernice, Capote, Horacio, Rainka, Michelle, Hendin, Barry A, Scharre, Douglas W, Kataki, Maria, Bernstein, Matthew, Zimmerman, Earl A, Celmins, Dzintra, Brown, Alice D, Gandy, Sam, Marenberg, Marjorie E, Rovner, Barry W, Pearlson, Godfrey, Blank, Karen, Anderson, Karen, Saykin, Andrew J, Felmlee, Joel, Santulli, Robert B, Englert, Jessica, Williamson, Jeff D, Sink, Kaycee M, Watkins, Franklin, Ott, Brian R, Cohen, Ronald, Salloway, Stephen, Malloy, Paul, Fero, Allison, Fox, Nick, Correia, Stephen, Rosen, Howard J, Miller, Bruce L, Mintzer, Jacobo, Thompson, Paul, Schuff, Norbert, Alexander, Gene, Bandy, Dan, Chen, Kewei, Morris, John, Lee, Virginia M-Y, Korecka, Magdalena, Schreiber, Frank, Crawford, Karen, Neu, Scott, Harvey, Danielle, Kornak, John, Foroud, Tatiana M, Potkin, Steven, Shen, Li, Buckholtz, Neil, Kaye, Jeffrey, Jagust, William J, Dolen, Sara, Quinn, Joseph, Schneider, Lon, Pawluczyk, Sonia, Spann, Bryan M, Brewer, James, Vanderswag, Helen, Heidebrink, Judith L, Lord, Joanne L, Petersen, Ronald, Initiative, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging, Johnson, Kris, Doody, Rachelle S, Villanueva-Meyer, Javier, Chowdhury, Munir, Stern, Yaakov, Honig, Lawrence S, Bell, Karen L, Morris, John C, Mintun, Mark A, Schneider, Stacy, Aisen, Paul, Marson, Daniel, Griffith, Randall, Clark, David, Grossman, Hillel, Tang, Cheuk, Marzloff, George, deToledo-Morrell, Leyla, Shah, Raj C, Duara, Ranjan, Varon, Daniel, Jack, Clifford R, Roberts, Peggy, Albert, Marilyn S, Pedroso, Julia, Toroney, Jaimie, Rusinek, Henry, de Leon, Mony J, De Santi, Susan M, Doraiswamy, P Murali, Petrella, Jeffrey R, Aiello, Marilyn, Toga, Arthur W, Clark, Christopher M, Pham, Cassie, Nunez, Jessica, Smith, Charles D, Given, Curtis A, Hardy, Peter, Lopez, Oscar L, Oakley, MaryAnn, Simpson, Donna M, Ismail, M Saleem, Beckett, Laurel, Brand, Connie, BA, Jennifer Richard, Mulnard, Ruth A, Thai, Gaby, Mc-Adams-Ortiz, Catherine, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Martin-Cook, Kristen, DeVous, Michael, Levey, Allan I, and Lah, James J

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, diagnostic imaging [Cognitive Dysfunction], metabolism [Amyloid beta-Peptides], Context (language use), Standardized uptake value, Neuroimaging, Alzheimer Disease, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Predictive Value of Tests, medicine, Humans, Cognitive Dysfunction, therapy [Cognitive Dysfunction], ddc:610, Longitudinal Studies, Psychiatry, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Amyloid beta-Peptides, medicine.diagnostic_test, therapy [Alzheimer Disease], business.industry, methods [Positron-Emission Tomography], diagnosis [Alzheimer Disease], complications [Alzheimer Disease], Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Inter-rater reliability, Treatment Outcome, Positron emission tomography, Positron-Emission Tomography, Predictive value of tests, Biomarker (medicine), Female, Neurology (clinical), Alzheimer's disease, Psychology, Nuclear medicine, business, analysis [Biomarkers], complications [Cognitive Dysfunction], Biomarkers
Abstract

Importance The applicability of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET) as a biomarker in clinical settings to aid in selection of individuals at preclinical and prodromal Alzheimer disease (AD) will depend on the practicality of PET image analysis. In this context, visual-based Aβ PET assessment seems to be the most feasible approach. Objectives To determine the agreement between visual and quantitative Aβ PET analysis and to assess the ability of both techniques to predict conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD. Design, Setting, and Participants A longitudinal study was conducted among the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) sites in the United States and Canada during a 1.6-year mean follow-up period. The study was performed from September 21, 2010, to August 11, 2014; data analysis was conducted from September 21, 2014, to May 26, 2015. Participants included 401 individuals with MCI receiving care at a specialty clinic (219 [54.6%] men; mean [SD] age, 71.6 [7.5] years; 16.2 [2.7] years of education). All participants were studied with florbetapir F 18 [ 18 F] PET. The standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) positivity threshold was 1.11, and one reader rated all images, with a subset of 125 scans rated by a second reader. Main Outcomes and Measures Sensitivity and specificity of positive and negative [ 18 F] florbetapir PET categorization, which was estimated with cerebrospinal fluid Aβ1-42 as the reference standard. Risk for conversion to AD was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results The frequency of Aβ positivity was 48.9% (196 patients; visual analysis), 55.1% (221 patients; SUVR), and 64.8% (166 patients; cerebrospinal fluid), yielding substantial agreement between visual and SUVR data (κ = 0.74) and between all methods (Fleiss κ = 0.71). For approximately 10% of the 401 participants in whom visual and SUVR data disagreed, interrater reliability was moderate (κ = 0.44), but it was very high if visual and quantitative results agreed (κ = 0.92). Visual analysis had a lower sensitivity (79% vs 85%) but higher specificity (96% vs 90%), respectively, compared with SUVR. The conversion rate was 15.2% within a mean of 1.6 years, and a positive [ 18 F] florbetapir baseline scan was associated with a 6.91-fold (SUVR) or 11.38-fold (visual) greater hazard for AD conversion, which changed only modestly after covariate adjustment for apolipoprotein e4, concurrent fludeoxyglucose F 18 PET scan, and baseline cognitive status. Conclusions and Relevance Visual and SUVR Aβ PET analysis may be equivalently used to determine Aβ status for individuals with MCI participating in clinical trials, and both approaches add significant value for clinical course prognostication.

Published
2015
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202. Applying automated MR-based diagnostic methods to the memory clinic: A prospective study

Author

Klöppel, Stefan, Peter, Jessica, Schroeter, Matthias L, Nho, Kwangsik, Weiner, Michael W, Thal, Lean, Khachaturian, Zaven, Thal, Leon, Buckholtz, Neil, Snyder, Peter J, Potter, William, Paul, Steven, Perneczky, Robert, Albert, Marylyn, Frank, Richard, Hsiao, John, Kaye, Jeffrey, Quinn, Joseph, Silbert, Lisa, Lind, Betty, Carter, Raina, Dolen, Sara, Häussermann, Peter, Schneider, Lon S, Pawluczyk, Sonia, Beccera, Mauricio, Teodoro, Liberty, Spann, Bryan M, Brewer, James, Vanderswag, Helen, Fleisher, Adam, Heidebrink, Judith L, Lord, Joanne L, Vach, Werner, Petersen, Ronald, Mason, Sara S, Albers, Colleen S, Knopman, David, Johnson, Kris, Doody, Rachelle S, Villanueva-Meyer, Javier, Chowdhury, Munir, Rountree, Susan, Dang, Mimi, Urbach, Horst, Stern, Yaakov, Honig, Lawrence S, Bell, Karen L, Ances, Beau, Morris, John C, Carroll, Maria, Creech, Mary L, Franklin, Erin, Mintun, Mark A, Schneider, Stacy, Teipel, Stefan, Oliver, Angela, Marson, Daniel, Griffith, Randall, Clark, David, Geldmacher, David, Brockington, John, Roberson, Erik, Love, Marissa Natelson, Grossman, Hillel, Mitsis, Effie, Hüll, Michael, Shah, Raj C, deToledo-Morrell, Leyla, Duara, Ranjan, Varon, Daniel, Greig, Maria T, Roberts, Peggy, Albert, Marilyn, Onyike, Chiadi, D'Agostino, Daniel, Kielb, Stephanie, Abdulkadir, Ahmed, Galvin, James E, Cerbone, Brittany, Michel, Christina A, Pogorelec, Dana M, Rusinek, Henry, de Leon, Mony J, Glodzik, Lidia, De Santi, Susan, Doraiswamy, P Murali, Petrella, Jeffrey R, Initiative, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging, Wong, Terence Z, Coleman, Edward, Arnold, Steven E, Karlawish, Jason H, Wolk, David, Clark, Christopher M, Smith, Charles D, Jicha, Greg, Hardy, Peter, Sinha, Partha, Oates, Elizabeth, Conrad, Gary, Lopez, Oscar L, Oakley, MaryAnn, Simpson, Donna M, Porsteinsson, Anton P, Goldstein, Bonnie S, Martin, Kim, Makino, Kelly M, Ismail, M Saleem, Ludl, Anna, Aisen, Paul, Brand, Connie, Mulnard, Ruth A, Thai, Gaby, Mc-Adams-Ortiz, Catherine, Womack, Kyle, Mathews, Dana, Quiceno, Mary, Levey, Allan I, Lah, James J, Cellar, Janet S, Weiner, Michael, Burns, Jeffrey M, Swerdlow, Russell H, Brooks, William M, Apostolova, Liana, Tingus, Kathleen, Woo, Ellen, Silverman, Daniel H S, Lu, Po H, Bartzokis, George, Graff-Radford, Neill R, Parfitt, Francine, Kendall, Tracy, Johnson, Heather, Farlow, Martin R, Hake, Ann Marie, Matthews, Brandy R, Brosch, Jared R, Herring, Scott, Hunt, Cynthia, van Dyck, Christopher H, Carson, Richard E, MacAvoy, Martha G, Varma, Pradeep, Chertkow, Howard, Bergman, Howard, Hosein, Chris, Black, Sandra, Stefanovic, Bojana, Caldwell, Curtis, Hsiung, Ging-Yuek Robin, Jack, Clifford R, Feldman, Howard, Mudge, Benita, Assaly, Michele, Finger, Elizabeth, Pasternack, Stephen, Rachisky, Irina, Trost, Dick, Kertesz, Andrew, Bernick, Charles, Munic, Donna, Jagust, William, Mesulam, Marek-Marsel, Lipowski, Kristine, Weintraub, Sandra, Bonakdarpour, Borna, Kerwin, Diana, Wu, Chuang-Kuo, Johnson, Nancy, Sadowsky, Carl, Villena, Teresa, Turner, Raymond Scott, Trojanowki, John Q, Johnson, Kathleen, Reynolds, Brigid, Sperling, Reisa A, Johnson, Keith A, Marshall, Gad, Yesavage, Jerome, Lane, Barton, Rosen, Allyson, Tinklenberg, Jared, Sabbagh, Marwan N, Toga, Arthur W, Belden, Christine M, Jacobson, Sandra A, Sirrel, Sherye A, Kowall, Neil, Killiany, Ronald, Budson, Andrew E, Norbash, Alexander, Johnson, Patricia Lynn, Obisesan, Thomas O, Wolday, Saba, Beckett, Laurel, Allard, Joanne, Lerner, Alan, Ogrocki, Paula, Tatsuoka, Curtis, Fatica, Parianne, Fletcher, Evan, Maillard, Pauline, Olichney, John, DeCarli, Charles, Carmichael, Owen, Green, Robert C, Kittur, Smita, Borrie, Michael, Lee, T-Y, Bartha, Rob, Johnson, Sterling, Asthana, Sanjay, Carlsson, Cynthia M, Potkin, Steven G, Preda, Adrian, Nguyen, Dana, Pilatus, Anne, Saykin, Andrew J, Tariot, Pierre, Burke, Anna, Trncic, Nadira, Reeder, Stephanie, Bates, Vernice, Capote, Horacio, Rainka, Michelle, Scharre, Douglas W, Kataki, Maria, Morris, John, Adeli, Anahita, Zimmerman, Earl A, Celmins, Dzintra, Brown, Alice D, Neuropsychiatry, Olin, Pearlson, Godfrey D, Blank, Karen, Anderson, Karen, Flashman, Laura A, Seltzer, Marc, Shaw, Leslie M, Hynes, Mary L, Santulli, Robert B, Sink, Kaycee M, Gordineer, Leslie, Williamson, Jeff D, Garg, Pradeep, Watkins, Franklin, Ott, Brian R, Querfurth, Henry, Tremont, Geoffrey, Salloway, Stephen, Malloy, Paul, Correia, Stephen, Rosen, Howard J, Miller, Bruce L, Perry, David, Mintzer, Jacobo, Spicer, Kenneth, Bachman, David, Finger, Elizabether, Sorensen, Greg, Pasternak, Stephen, Rachinsky, Irina, Rogers, John, Drost, Dick, Pomara, Nunzio, Hernando, Raymundo, Sarrael, Antero, Schultz, Susan K, Ponto, Laura L Boles, Carrillo, Maria, Shim, Hyungsub, Smith, Karen Ekstam, Relkin, Norman, Chaing, Gloria, Lin, Michael, Ravdin, Lisa, Smith, Amanda, Raj, Balebail Ashok, Fargher, Kristin, Kuller, Lew, Harvey, Danielle, Raichle, Marc, Neylan, Thomas, Grafman, Jordan, Montine, Tom, Thomas, Ronald G, Donohue, Michael, Gessert, Devon, Sather, Tamie, Davis, Melissa, Morrison, Rosemary, Jiminez, Gus, Hayes, Jacqueline, Finley, Shannon, Davies, Peter, Bernstein, Matthew, Borowski, Bret, Gunter, Jeff, Senjem, Matt, Kantarci, Kejal, Koeppe, Robert A, Foster, Norm, Maier, Sabrina, Fillit, Howard, Reiman, Eric M, Chen, Kewei, Landau, Susan, Cairns, Nigel J, Householder, Erin, Lee, Virginia, Korecka, Magdalena, Hefti, Franz, Figurski, Michal, Crawford, Karen, Neu, Scott, Foroud, Tatiana M, Potkin, Steven, Shen, Li, Faber, Kelley, Kim, Sungeun, Holtzman, Davie, Friedl, Karl, Mesulam, M Marcel, Fleischman, Debra, Arfanakis, Konstantinos, James, Olga, Goldstein, Bonnie, Martin, Kimberly S, McAdams-Ortiz, Catherine, Massoglia, Dino, Brawman-Mintzer, Olga, Snyder, Peter, Martinez, Walter, Rosen, Howard, Behan, Kelly, Schwartz, Adam, Johnson, Sterling C, Fruehling, J Jay, Harding, Sandra, Peskind, Elaine R, Petrie, Eric C, Li, Gail, Yesavage, Jerome A, Taylor, Joy L, Furst, Ansgar J, Chao, Steven, Mader, Irina, Walter, Sarah, Balasubramanian, Archana B, Mason, Jennifer, Sim, Iris, Heimbach, Bernhard, Fox, Nick, Thompson, Paul, Schuff, Norbert, DeCArli, Charles, Frings, Lars, Vemuri, Prashanthi, Jones, David, Ward, Chad, Egger, Karl, Mathis, Chet, Taylor-Reinwald, Lisa, and Dukart, Juergen

Subjects
Male, Aging, Support Vector Machine, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, pathology [Alzheimer Disease], pathology [Aging], diagnosis [Frontotemporal Dementia], methods [Magnetic Resonance Imaging], 0302 clinical medicine, pathology [Brain], pathology [White Matter], Prospective Studies, Medical diagnosis, Prospective cohort study, General Neuroscience, diagnosis [Alzheimer Disease], Brain, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, White Matter, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, machine learning, Frontotemporal Dementia, Disease Progression, Female, Alzheimer's disease, Psychology, diagnosis [Lewy Body Disease], methods [Imaging, Three-Dimensional], Research Article, Frontotemporal dementia, Lewy Body Disease, medicine.medical_specialty, Diagnosis, Differential, Dementia diagnostics, 03 medical and health sciences, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Alzheimer Disease, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, Dementia, ddc:610, Psychiatry, Aged, Lewy body, Memory clinic, pathology [Lewy Body Disease], medicine.disease, Hyperintensity, pathology [Frontotemporal Dementia], Linear Models, prognosis, Geriatrics and Gerontology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Several studies have demonstrated that fully automated pattern recognition methods applied to structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) aid in the diagnosis of dementia, but these conclusions are based on highly preselected samples that significantly differ from that seen in a dementia clinic. At a single dementia clinic, we evaluated the ability of a linear support vector machine trained with completely unrelated data to differentiate between Alzheimer’s disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Lewy body dementia, and healthy aging based on 3D-T1 weighted MRI data sets. Furthermore, we predicted progression to AD in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at baseline and automatically quantified white matter hyperintensities from FLAIR-images. Separating additionally recruited healthy elderly from those with dementia was accurate with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.97 (according to Fig. 4). Multi-class separation of patients with either AD or FTD from other included groups was good on the training set (AUC > 0.9) but substantially less accurate (AUC = 0.76 for AD, AUC = 0.78 for FTD) on 134 cases from the local clinic. Longitudinal data from 28 cases with MCI at baseline and appropriate follow-up data were available. The computer tool discriminated progressive from stable MCI with AUC = 0.73, compared to AUC = 0.80 for the training set. A relatively low accuracy by clinicians (AUC = 0.81) illustrates the difficulties of predicting conversion in this heterogeneous cohort. This first application of a MRI-based pattern recognition method to a routine sample demonstrates feasibility, but also illustrates that automated multi-class differential diagnoses have to be the focus of future methodological developments and application studies

Published
2015
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204. Heterogeneity of psychosis risk within individuals at clinical high risk: A meta-analytical stratification

Author

Fusar-Poli, P, Cappucciati, M, Borgwardt, S, Woods, S W, Addington, J, Nelson, B, Nieman, D H, Stahl, D R, Rutigliano, G, Riecher-Rössler, A, Simon, A E, Mizuno, M, Lee, T Y, Kwon, J S, Lam, M M L, Perez, J, Keri, S, Amminger, P, Metzler, S, Kawohl, W, Rössler, W, Lee, J, Labad, J, Ziermans, T, An, S K, Liu, C C, Woodberry, K A, Braham, A, Corcoran, C, McGorry, P, Yung, Alison, McGuire, P K, Fusar-Poli, P, Cappucciati, M, Borgwardt, S, Woods, S W, Addington, J, Nelson, B, Nieman, D H, Stahl, D R, Rutigliano, G, Riecher-Rössler, A, Simon, A E, Mizuno, M, Lee, T Y, Kwon, J S, Lam, M M L, Perez, J, Keri, S, Amminger, P, Metzler, S, Kawohl, W, Rössler, W, Lee, J, Labad, J, Ziermans, T, An, S K, Liu, C C, Woodberry, K A, Braham, A, Corcoran, C, McGorry, P, Yung, Alison, and McGuire, P K

Published
2016

211. CXCR3-deficient mesenchymal stem cells fail to infiltrate into the nephritic kidney and do not ameliorate lupus symptoms in MRL.Faslpr mice.

Author

Lee, J. H., Lee, H. K., Kim, H. S., Kim, J. S., Ji, A. Y., Lee, J. S., Kim, K. S., Lee, T. Y., Bae, S. C., Kim, Y., Hong, J. T., and Han, S. B.

Subjects
SYSTEMIC lupus erythematosus treatment, MESENCHYMAL stem cells, TREATMENT effectiveness, IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE agents, SYSTEMIC lupus erythematosus, ENDOTHELIAL cells, PATIENTS, THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy is a promising candidate for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To exert their efficacy fully, mesenchymal stem cells must infiltrate efficiently into the lesion sites. Here, we examined the role of CXCR3 in mesenchymal stem cell infiltration into the kidney of MRL.Faslpr mice, which highly expressed CXCL10. The phenotypes, production of immunosuppressive mediators, and capacity to inhibit T and B cells of CXCR3-deficient mesenchymal stem cells were similar to those of wild-type mesenchymal stem cells. However, they showed less infiltration into the nephritic kidney, less conjugation with endothelial cells and weaker MMP-9 expression than did wild-type mesenchymal stem cells. Consequently, CXCR3-deficient mesenchymal stem cells did not ameliorate lupus symptoms in MRL.Faslpr mice in comparison with wild-type mesenchymal stem cells. In summary, our data suggest that upregulation of CXCR3 in mesenchymal stem cells will be a good strategy to increase their infiltration into the kidney, which will improve therapeutic outcomes in SLE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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212. Ferroelectricity in epitaxial Y-doped HfO2 thin film integrated on Si substrate.

Author

Lee, K., Lee, T. Y., Yang, S. M., Lee, D. H., Park, J., and Chae, S. C.

Subjects
*FERROELECTRICITY, *THIN films, *YTTRIA stabilized zirconium oxide, *PIEZORESPONSE force microscopy, *METAL insulator semiconductors, *PEROVSKITE
Abstract

We report on the ferroelectricity of a Y-doped HfO2 thin film epitaxially grown on Si substrate, with an yttria-stabilized zirconia buffer layer pre-deposited on the substrate. Piezoresponse force microscopy results show the ferroelectric domain pattern, implying the existence of ferroelectricity in the epitaxial HfO2 film. The epitaxially stabilized HfO2 film in the form of a metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor structure exhibits ferroelectric hysteresis with a clear ferroelectric switching current in polarization-voltage measurements. The HfO2 thin film also demonstrates ferroelectric retention comparable to that of current perovskite-based metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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213. Acute Stroke Imaging Research Roadmap II

Author

Powers, W. J., Fiebach, J. B., Wintermark, M., Ostergaard, L., Bammer, R., Alexandrov, A. V., Hacke, W., Kidwell, C. S., Schellinger, P., Furie, K. L., Fisher, M., Eastwood, J. D., Alger, J. R., Liebeskind, D. S., Derdeyn, C. P., Sorensen, A. G., Lees, K. R., Provenzale, J., Wardlaw, J., Koroshetz, W., Donnan, G. A., Davis, S., Wu, O., Silbergleit, R., Albers, G. W., Kloska, S. P., Kohrmann, M., Lev, M. H., Goldmakher, G. V., Baron, J. C., Lee, T. Y., and Demaerschalk, B. M.

Abstract

The recent “Advanced Neuroimaging for Acute Stroke Treatment” meeting on September 7 and 8, 2007 in Washington DC, brought together stroke neurologists, neuroradiologists, emergency physicians, neuroimaging research scientists, members of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), industry representatives, and members of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to discuss the role of advanced neuroimaging in acute stroke treatment. The goals of the meeting were to assess state-of-the-art practice in terms of acute stroke imaging research and to propose specific recommendations regarding: (1) the standardization of perfusion and penumbral imaging techniques, (2) the validation of the accuracy and clinical utility of imaging markers of the ischemic penumbra, (3) the validation of imaging biomarkers relevant to clinical outcomes, and (4) the creation of a central repository to achieve these goals. The present article summarizes these recommendations and examines practical steps to achieve them.

Published
2013
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214. Genome-wide scan of healthy human connectome discovers SPON1 gene variant influencing dementia severity

Author

Jahanshad, N., Rajagopalan, P., Hua, X., Hibar, D. P., Nir, T. M., Toga, A. W., Jack, C. R., Saykin, A. J., Green, R. C., Weiner, M. W., Medland, S. E., Montgomery, G. W., Hansell, N. K., McMahon, K. L., de Zubicaray, G. I., Martin, N. G., Wright, M. J., Thompson, P. M., the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Weiner, M., Aisen, P., Petersen, R., Jagust, W., Trojanowski, J. Q., Beckett, L., Morris, J., Liu, E., Montine, T., Gamst, A., Thomas, R. G., Donohue, M., Walter, S., Gessert, D., Sather, T., Harvey, D., Kornak, J., Dale, A., Bernstein, M., Felmlee, J., Fox, N., Thompson, P., Schuff, N., Alexander, G., DeCarli, C., Bandy, D., Koeppe, R. A., Foster, N., Reiman, E. M., Chen, K., Mathis, C., Cairns, N. J., Taylor-Reinwald, L., Trojanowki, J. Q., Shaw, L., Lee, V. M. Y., Korecka, M., Crawford, K., Neu, S., Foroud, T. M., Potkin, S., Shen, L., Khachaturian, Z., Frank, R., Snyder, P. J., Molchan, S., Kaye, J., Quinn, J., Lind, B., Dolen, S., Schneider, L. S., Pawluczyk, S., Spann, B. M., Brewer, J., Vanderswag, H., Heidebrink, J. L., Lord, J. L., Johnson, K., Doody, R. S., Villanueva-Meyer, J., Chowdhury, M., Stern, Yaakov, Honig, L. S., Bell, K. L., Morris, J. C., Ances, B., Carroll, M., Leon, S., Mintun, M. A., Schneider, S., Marson, D., Griffith, R., Clark, D., Grossman, H., Mitsis, E., Romirowsky, A., deToledo-Morrell, L., Shah, R. C., Duara, R., Varon, D., Roberts, P., Albert, M., Onyike, C., Kielb, S., Rusinek, H., de Leon, M. J., Glodzik, L., De Santi, S., Doraiswamy, P. M., Petrella, J. R., Coleman, R. E., Arnold, S. E., Karlawish, J. H., Wolk, D., Smith, C. D., Jicha, G., Hardy, P., Lopez, O. L., Oakley, M., Simpson, D. M., Porsteinsson, A. P., Goldstein, B. S., Martin, K., Makino, K. M., Ismail, M. S., Brand, C., Mulnard, R. A., Thai, G., Mc-Adams-Ortiz, C., Womack, K., Mathews, D., Quiceno, M., Diaz-Arrastia, R., King, R., Martin-Cook, K., DeVous, M., Levey, A. I., Lah, J. J., Cellar, J. S., Burns, J. M., Anderson, H. S., Swerdlow, R. H., Apostolova, L., Lu, P. H., Bartzokis, G., Silverman, D. H. S., Graff-Radford, N. R., Parfitt, F., Johnson, H., Farlow, M. R., Hake, A. M., Matthews, B. R., Herring, S., van Dyck, C. H., Carson, R. E., MacAvoy, M. G., Chertkow, H., Bergman, H., Hosein, C., Black, S., Stefanovic, B., Caldwell, C., Hsiung, G.-Y. R., Feldman, H., Mudge, B., Assaly, M., Kertesz, A., Rogers, J., Trost, D., Bernick, C., Munic, D., Kerwin, D., Mesulam, M.-M., Lipowski, K., Wu, C.-K., Johnson, N., Sadowsky, C., Martinez, W., Villena, T., Turner, R. S., Reynolds, B., Sperling, R. A., Johnson, K. A., Marshall, G., Frey, M., Yesavage, J., Taylor, J. L., Lane, B., Rosen, A., Tinklenberg, J., Sabbagh, M., Belden, C., Jacobson, S., Kowall, N., Killiany, R., Budson, A. E., Norbash, A., Johnson, P. L., Obisesan, T. O., Wolday, S., Bwayo, S. K., Lerner, A., Hudson, L., Ogrocki, P., Fletcher, E., Carmichael, O., Olichney, J., Kittur, S., Borrie, M., Lee, T.- Y., Bartha, R., Johnson, S., Asthana, S., Carlsson, C. M., Potkin, S. G., Preda, A., Nguyen, D., Tariot, P., Fleisher, A., Reeder, S., Bates, V., Capote, H., Rainka, M., Scharre, D. W., Kataki, M., Zimmerman, E. A., Celmins, D., Brown, A. D., Pearlson, G. D., Blank, K., Anderson, K., Santulli, R. B., Schwartz, E. S., Sink, K. M., Williamson, J. D., Garg, P., Watkins, F., Ott, B. R., Querfurth, H., Tremont, G., Salloway, S., Malloy, P., Correia, S., Rosen, H. J., Miller, B. L., Mintzer, J., Longmire, C. F., Spicer, K., Finger, E., Rachinsky, I., and Drost, D.

Published
2013
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215. Cost-Effective Chemical Wet Texturing to Obtain Low Surface Reflectance of High Efficiency Multi-Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

Author

Huang, C.C., Kuan, T.-M., Huang, S.-C., Lee, T.-Y., Yu, C.-Y., and Kang, J.-H.

Subjects
WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY, Silicon Solar Cell Improvements
Abstract

28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2076-2078, Currently, the industrial production of surface texturing for multi-crystalline silicon solar cells is most likely using acidic texturing technique. But the reflectance of acidic-textured surface of multi-crystalline wafers is relatively high (~23%) due to its natural limit – grain boundary and non-orientation etching, as compared to monocrystalline alkaline texturing wafers (~12%) which have pyramid surface structure to enhance light capturing. To reduce multi-crystalline surface reflectance, dry texturing, such as RIE, is very helpful but the cost of ownership is the major concern. In this study, a cost-effective chemical wet texturing technique is proposed. Additional additive and optimized chemical cleaning are applied to form nano-structure in acidic-textured surface, which results in significant surface reflectance reduction to ~16%. Such low reflectance is close to mono-crystalline alkaline-textured surface and further improved cell efficiency of 0.3% absolute. Detailed process and cell performance will be discussed.

Published
2013
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218. Predicting missing biomarker data in a longitudinal study of Alzheimer disease

Author

Lo, Raymond Y., Jagust, William J., Aisen, Paul, Jack, Clifford R., Toga, Arthur W., Beckett, Laurel, Gamst, Anthony, Soares, Holly, C. Green, Robert, Montine, Tom, Thomas, Ronald G., Donohue, Michael, Walter, Sarah, Dale, Anders, Bernstein, Matthew, Felmlee, Joel, Fox, Nick, Thompson, Paul, Schuff, Norbert, Alexander, Gene, DeCarli, Charles, Bandy, Dan, Chen, Kewei, Morris, John, Lee, Virginia M.-Y., Korecka, Magdalena, Crawford, Karen, Neu, Scott, Harvey, Danielle, Kornak, John, Saykin, Andrew J., Foroud, Tatiana M., Potkin, Steven, Shen, Li, Buckholtz, Neil, Kaye, Jeffrey, Dolen, Sara, Quinn, Joseph, Schneider, Lon, Pawluczyk, Sonia, Spann, Bryan M., Brewer, James, Vanderswag, Helen, Heidebrink, Judith L., Lord, Joanne L., Petersen, Ronald, Johnson, Kris, Doody, Rachelle S., Villanueva-Meyer, Javier, Chowdhury, Munir, Stern, Yaakov, Honig, Lawrence S., Bell, Karen L., Morris, John C., Mintun, Mark A., Schneider, Stacy, Marson, Daniel, Griffith, Randall, Clark, David, Grossman, Hillel, Tang, Cheuk, Marzloff, George, Toledo-Morrell, Leylade, Shah, Raj C., Duara, Ranjan, Varon, Daniel, Roberts, Peggy, Albert, Marilyn S., Pedroso, Julia, Toroney, Jaimie, Rusinek, Henry, de Leon, Mony J, De Santi, Susan M, Doraiswamy, P. Murali, Petrella, Jeffrey R., Aiello, Marilyn, Clark, Christopher M., Pham, Cassie, Nunez, Jessica, Smith, Charles D., Given, Curtis A., Hardy, Peter, Lopez, Oscar L., Oakley, MaryAnn, Simpson, Donna M., Ismail, M. Saleem, Brand, Connie, Richard, Jennifer, Mulnard, Ruth A., Thai, Gaby, Mc-Adams-Ortiz, Catherine, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Martin-Cook, Kristen, DeVous, Michael, Levey, Allan I., Lah, James J., Cellar, Janet S., Burns, Jeffrey M., Anderson, Heather S., Laubinger, Mary M., Bartzokis, George, Silverman, Daniel H.S., Lu, Po H., Graff-Radford MBBCH, Neill R, Parfitt, Francine, Johnson, Heather, Farlow, Martin, Herring, Scott, Hake, Ann M., van Dyck, Christopher H., MacAvoy, Martha G., Benincasa, Amanda L., Chertkow, Howard, Bergman, Howard, Hosein, Chris, Black, Sandra, Graham, Simon, Caldwell, Curtis, Hsiung, Ging-Yuek Robin, Feldman, Howard, Assaly, Michele, Kertesz, Andrew, Rogers, John, Trost, Dick, Bernick, Charles, Munic, Donna, Wu, Chuang-Kuo, Johnson, Nancy, Mesulam, Marsel, Sadowsky, Carl, Martinez, Walter, Villena, Teresa, Turner, Scott, Johnson, Kathleen B., Behan, Kelly E., Sperling, Reisa A., Rentz, Dorene M., Johnson, Keith A., Rosen, Allyson, Tinklenberg, Jared, Ashford, Wes, Sabbagh, Marwan, Connor, Donald, Jacobson, Sandra, Killiany, Ronald, Norbash, Alexander, Nair, Anil, Obisesan, Thomas O., Jayam-Trouth, Annapurni, Wang, Paul, Lerner, Alan, Hudson, Leon, Ogrocki, Paula, Fletcher, Evan, Carmichael, Owen, Kittur, Smita, Mirje, Seema, Borrie, Michael, Lee, T-Y, Bartha, Dr Rob, Johnson, Sterling, Asthana, Sanjay, Carlsson, Cynthia M., Potkin, Steven G., Preda, Adrian, Nguyen, Dana, Tariot, Pierre, Fleisher, Adam, Reeder, Stephanie, Bates, Vernice, Capote, Horacio, Rainka, Michelle, Hendin, Barry A., Scharre, Douglas W., Kataki, Maria, Zimmerman, Earl A., Celmins, Dzintra, Brown, Alice D., Gandy, Sam, Marenberg, Marjorie E., Rovner, Barry W., Pearlson, Godfrey, Anderson, Karen, Santulli, Robert B., Englert, Jessica, Williamson, Jeff D., Sink, Kaycee M., Watkins, Franklin, Ott, Brian R., Cohen, Ronald, Salloway, Stephen, Malloy, Paul, Correia, Stephen, Rosen, Howard J., Miller, Bruce L., and Mintzer, Jacobo

Subjects
mental disorders, Medicine and Health Sciences
Abstract

Objective:To investigate predictors of missing data in a longitudinal study of Alzheimer disease (AD).Methods:The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is a clinic-based, multicenter, longitudinal study with blood, CSF, PET, and MRI scans repeatedly measured in 229 participants with normal cognition (NC), 397 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 193 with mild AD during 2005–2007. We used univariate and multivariable logistic regression models to examine the associations between baseline demographic/clinical features and loss of biomarker follow-ups in ADNI.Results:CSF studies tended to recruit and retain patients with MCI with more AD-like features, including lower levels of baseline CSF Aβ42. Depression was the major predictor for MCI dropouts, while family history of AD kept more patients with AD enrolled in PET and MRI studies. Poor cognitive performance was associated with loss of follow-up in most biomarker studies, even among NC participants. The presence of vascular risk factors seemed more critical than cognitive function for predicting dropouts in AD.Conclusion:The missing data are not missing completely at random in ADNI and likely conditional on certain features in addition to cognitive function. Missing data predictors vary across biomarkers and even MCI and AD groups do not share the same missing data pattern. Understanding the missing data structure may help in the design of future longitudinal studies and clinical trials in AD.

Published
2012

219. Injuries among children and youth in farm households: Regional Rural Injury Study-I

Author

Gerberich, S G., Gibson, R W., French, L R., Renier, C M., Lee, T-Y, Cart, W P., and Shutske, J

Subjects
Family, Injuries, Health aspects, Pediatric injuries -- Injuries -- Health aspects, Rural families -- Health aspects, Farmers -- Family -- Health aspects, Children -- Injuries
Abstract

Objectives-The purpose of this effort was to identify the incidence and consequences of both farming and non-farming related injuries and the potential risk factors for farming related injuries among children [...]

Published
2001

222. Data analysis of photon beam position at PLS-II

Author

Ko, J., primary, Shin, S., additional, Huang, Jung-Yun, additional, Kim, D., additional, Kim, C., additional, Kim, Ilyou, additional, Lee, T.-Y., additional, Park, C.-D., additional, Kim, K. R., additional, and Cho, Moohyun, additional

Published
2016
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223. Towards a Standard Psychometric Diagnostic Interview for Subjects at Ultra High Risk of Psychosis: CAARMS versus SIPS

Author

Fusar-Poli, P., primary, Cappucciati, M., additional, Rutigliano, G., additional, Lee, T. Y., additional, Beverly, Q., additional, Bonoldi, I., additional, Lelli, J., additional, Kaar, S. J., additional, Gago, E., additional, Rocchetti, M., additional, Patel, R., additional, Bhavsar, V., additional, Tognin, S., additional, Badger, S., additional, Calem, M., additional, Lim, K., additional, Kwon, J. S., additional, Perez, J., additional, and McGuire, P., additional

Published
2016
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232. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype has dissociable effects on memory and attentional-executive network function in Alzheimer's disease

Author

Wolk, D. A., Dickerson, B. C., the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Weiner, M., Aiello, M., Aisen, P., Albert, M. S., Alexander, G., Anderson, H. S., Anderson, K., Apostolova, L., Arnold, S., Ashford, W., Assaly, M., Asthana, S., Bandy, D., Bartha, R., Bates, V., Beckett, L., Bell, K. L., Benincasa, A. L., Bergman, H., Bernick, C., Bernstein, M., Black, S., Blank, K., Borrie, M., Brand, C., Brewer, J., Brown, A. D., Burns, J. M., Cairns, N. J., Caldwell, C., Capote, H., Carlsson, C. M., Carmichael, O., Cellar, J. S., Celmins, D., Chen, K., Chertkow, H., Chowdhury, M., Clark, D., Connor, D., Correia, S., Crawford, K., Dale, A., de Leon, M. J., De Santi, S. M., DeCarli, C., deToledo-Morrell, L., DeVous, M., Diaz-Arrastia, R., Dolen, S., Donohue, M., Doody, R. S., Doraiswamy, P. M., Duara, R., Englert, J., Farlow, M., Feldman, H., Felmlee, J., Fleisher, A., Fletcher, E., Foroud, T. M., Foster, N., Fox, N., Frank, R., Gamst, A., Given, C. A., Graff-Radford, N. R., Green, R. C., Griffith, R., Grossman, H., Hake, A. M., Hardy, P., Harvey, D., Heidebrink, J. L., Hendin, B. A., Herring, S., Honig, L. S., Hosein, C., Robin Hsiung, G.-Y., Hudson, L., Ismail, M. S., Jack, C. R., Jacobson, S., Jagust, W., Jayam-Trouth, A., Johnson, K., Johnson, H., Johnson, N., Johnson, K. A., Johnson, S., Kachaturian, Z., Karlawish, J. H., Kataki, M., Kaye, J., Kertesz, A., Killiany, R., Kittur, S., Koeppe, R. A., Korecka, M., Kornak, J., Kozauer, N., Lah, J. J., Laubinger, M. M., Lee, V. M.- Y., Lee, T.- Y., Lerner, A., Levey, A. I., Longmire, C. F., Lopez, O. L., Lord, J. L., Lu, P. H., MacAvoy, M. G., Malloy, P., Marson, D., Martin-Cook, K., Martinez, W., Marzloff, G., Mathis, C., Mc-Adams-Ortiz, C., Mesulam, M., Miller, B. L., Mintun, M. A., Mintzer, J., Molchan, S., Montine, T., Morris, J., Mulnard, R. A., Munic, D., Nair, A., Neu, S., Nguyen, D., Norbash, A., Oakley, M., Obisesan, T. O., Ogrocki, P., Ott, B. R., Parfitt, F., Pawluczyk, S., Pearlson, G., Petersen, R., Petrella, J. R., Potkin, S., Potter, W. Z., Preda, A., Quinn, J., Rainka, M., Reeder, S., Reiman, E. M., Rentz, D. M., Reynolds, B., Richard, J., Roberts, P., Rogers, J., Rosen, A., Rosen, H. J., Rusinek, H., Sabbagh, M., Sadowsky, C., Salloway, S., Santulli, R. B., Saykin, A. J., Scharre, D. W., Schneider, L., Schneider, S., Schuff, N., Shah, R. C., Shaw, L., Shen, L., Silverman, D. H. S., Simpson, D. M., Sink, K. M., Smith, C. D., Snyder, P. J., Spann, B. M., Sperling, R. A., Spicer, K., Stefanovic, B., Stern, Yaakov, Stopa, E., Tang, C., Tariot, P., Taylor-Reinwald, L., Thai, G., Thomas, R. G., Thompson, P., Tinklenberg, J., Toga, A. W., Tremont, G., Trojanowki, J. Q., Trost, D., Turner, R. S., van Dyck, C. H., Vanderswag, H., Varon, D., Villanueva-Meyer, J., Villena, T., Walter, S., Wang, P., Watkins, F., Williamson, J. D., Wolk, D., Wu, C.-K., Zerrate, M., and Zimmerman., E. A.

Published
2010
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234. A commonly carried allele of the obesity-related FTO gene is associated with reduced brain volume in the healthy elderly

Author

Ho, A. J., Stein, J. L., Hua, X., Lee, S., Hibar, D. P., Leow, A. D., Dinov, I. D., Toga, A. W., Saykin, A. J., Shen, L., Foroud, T., Pankratz, N., Huentelman, M. J., Craig, D. W., Gerber, J. D., Allen, A. N., Corneveaux, J. J., Stephan, D. A., DeCarli, C. S., DeChairo, B. M., Potkin, S. G., Jack, C. R., Weiner, M. W., Raji, C. A., Lopez, O. L., Becker, J. T., Carmichael, O. T., Thompson, P. M., the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Weiner, M., Thal, L., Petersen, R., Jagust, W., Trojanowki, J., Beckett, L., Green, R. C., Gamst, A., Potter, W. Z., Montine, T., Anders, D., Bernstein, M., Felmlee, J., Fox, N., Thompson, P., Schuff, N., Alexander, G., Bandy, D., Koeppe, R. A., Foster, N., Reiman, E. M., Chen, K., Shaw, L., Lee, V. M.- Y., Korecka, M., Crawford, K., Neu, S., Harvey, D., Kornak, J., Kachaturian, Z., Frank, R., Snyder, P. J., Molchan, S., Kaye, J., Vorobik, R., Quinn, J., Schneider, L., Pawluczyk, S., Spann, B., Fleisher, A. S., Vanderswag, H., Heidebrink, J. L., Lord, J. L., Johnson, K., Doody, R. S., Villanueva-Meyer, J., Chowdhury, M., Stern, Yaakov, Honig, L. S., Bell, K. L., Morris, J. C., Mintun, M. A., Schneider, S., Marson, D., Griffith, R., Badger, B., Grossman, H., Tang, C., Stern, J., deToledo-Morrell, L., Shah, R. C., Bach, J., Duara, R., Isaacson, R., Strauman, S., Albert, M. S., Pedroso, J., Toroney, J., Rusinek, H., de Leon, M. J., De Santi, S. M., Doraiswamy, P. M., Petrella, J. R., Aiello, M., Clark, C. M., Pham, C., Nunez, J., Smith, C. D., Given II, C. A., Hardy, P., DeKosky, S. T., Oakley, M., Simpson, D. M., Ismail, M. S., Porsteinsson, A., McCallum, C., Cramer, S. C., Mulnard, R. A., McAdams-Ortiz, C., Diaz-Arrastia, R., Martin-Cook, K., DeVous, M., Levey, A. I., Lah, J. J., Cellar, J. S., Burns, J. M., Anderson, H. S., Laubinger, M. M., Bartzokis, G., Silverman, D. H. S., Lu, P. H., Fletcher, R., Parfitt, F., Johnson, H., Farlow, M., Herring, S., Hake, A. M., van Dyck, C. H., MacAvoy, M. G., Bifano, L. A., Chertkow, H., Bergman, H., Hosein, C., Black, S., Graham, S., Caldwell, C., Feldman, H., Assaly, M., Hsiung, G.-Y. R., Kertesz, A., Rogers, J., Trost, D., Bernick, C., Gitelman, D., Johnson, N., Mesulam, M., Sadowsky, C., Villena, T., Mesner, S., Aisen, P. S., Johnson, K. B., Behan, K. E., Sperling, R. A., Rentz, D. M., Johnson, K. A., Rosen, A., Tinklenberg, J., Ashford, W., Sabbagh, M., Connor, D., Obradov, S., Killiany, R., Norbash, A., Obisesan, T. O., Jayam-Trouth, A., Wang, P., Auchus, A. P., Huang, J., Friedland, R. P., DeCarli, C., Fletcher, E., Carmichael, O., Kittur, S., Mirje, S., Johnson, S. C., Borrie, M., Lee, T.-Y., Asthana, S., Carlsson, C. M., Highum, D., Preda, A., Nguyen, D., Tariot, P. N., Hendin, B. A., Scharre, D. W., Kataki, M., Beversdorf, D. Q., Zimmerman, E. A., Celmins, D., Brown, A. D., Gandy, S., Marenberg, M. E., Rovner, B. W., Pearlson, G., Blank, K., Anderson, K., Santulli, R. B., Pare, N., Williamson, J. D., Sink, K. M., Potter, H., Ashok Raj, B., Giordano, A., Ott, B. R., Wu, C.-K., Cohen, R., and Wilks, K. L.

Published
2010
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236. Thermal Expansion

Author

Touloukian, Y. S., primary, Kirby, R. K., additional, Taylor, R. E., additional, and Lee, T. Y. R., additional

Published
1977
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238. Dynamic CT Perfusion Imaging in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage–Related Vasospasm

Author

Laslo, A.M., Eastwood, J.D., Chen, F.-X., and Lee, T.-Y.

Subjects
Cerebrovascular Circulation, Vasodilator Agents, Angiography, Brain, Animals, Vasospasm, Intracranial, Nimodipine, cardiovascular diseases, Rabbits, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, nervous system diseases
Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Nimodipine is a therapy that reduces morbidity and mortality in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), though the mechanisms by which it does so are not well understood. In a rabbit model of SAH, we studied the effects of nimodipine by using functional CT imaging. We hypothesized that the nimodipine treatment group would have (1) increased mean basilar artery diameter, (2) less diminished cerebral blood flow (CBF) following vasospasm, and (3) better neurologic outcomes. METHODS: SAH was induced in 26 New Zealand White rabbits randomized to 2 groups: treated (nimodipine) or control (no treatment). CT perfusion and CT angiography were used to measure CBF and basilar artery diameter at baseline, 10, 30, and 60 minutes after SAH, and on days 3, 5, 7, 9, and 16. Neurologic assessments were performed on each day of scanning. RESULTS: Basilar artery diameter in the treated group was greater than in the control group post-SAH (P < .05). When vasospasm was >15%, CBF in the nimodipine group was significantly greater than in the control group in the brain stem, cerebellum, parieto-occipital cerebrum, and deep gray matter (P < .05). Neurologic scores in the nimodipine group were significantly better than in the control group on days 5 and 9 (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Animals treated with nimodipine showed (1) increased mean basilar artery diameter, (2) improved neurologic outcome, and (3) increased mean CBF despite no significant difference in the incidence and severity of delayed vasospasm. These data provide a basis for future studies comparing the efficacy of new treatments for SAH to that of nimodipine.

Published
2006

239. Embeddings of maximal tori in classical groups and explicit Brauer-Manin obstruction.

Author

Bayer-Fluckiger, E., Lee, T.-Y., and Parimala, R.

Subjects
*MATRICES (Mathematics), *COMBINATORICS, *HOMOMORPHISMS, *EXISTENCE theorems, *PROPOSITION (Logic)
Abstract

We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the Hasse principle to hold for the embeddings of maximal tori into classical groups over global fields of characteristic not 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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242. Preservation of terrestrial organic carbon in marine sediments off shore Taiwan: mountain building and atmospheric carbon dioxide sequestration

Author

Kao, S-J, Hilton, RG, Selvaraj, K, Dai, M, Zehetner, F, Huang, J-C, Hsu, S-C, Sparkes, R, Liu, JT, Lee, T-Y, Yang, J-YT, Galy, A, Xu, X, Hovius, N, Kao, S-J, Hilton, RG, Selvaraj, K, Dai, M, Zehetner, F, Huang, J-C, Hsu, S-C, Sparkes, R, Liu, JT, Lee, T-Y, Yang, J-YT, Galy, A, Xu, X, and Hovius, N

Abstract

Geological sequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) can be achieved by the erosion of organic carbon (OC) from the terrestrial biosphere and its burial in long-lived marine sediments. Rivers on mountain islands of Oceania in the western Pacific have very high rates of OC export to the ocean, yet its preservation offshore remains poorly constrained. Here we use the OC content (Corg, %), radiocarbon (Δ14Corg) and stable isotope (δ13Corg) composition of sediments offshore Taiwan to assess the fate of terrestrial OC. We account for rock-derived fossil OC to assess the preservation of OC eroded from the terrestrial biosphere (non-fossil OC) during flood discharges (hyperpycnal river plumes) and when river inputs are dispersed more widely (hypopycnal). The Corg, Δ14Corg and δ13Corg of marine sediment traps and cores indicate that during flood discharges, terrestrial OC is transferred efficiently to the deep ocean and accumulates offshore with little evidence for terrestrial OC loss. In marine sediments fed by dispersive river inputs, the Corg, Δ14Corg and δ13Corg are consistent with mixing of marine OC and terrestrial OC and suggest that efficient preservation of terrestrial OC (> 70%) is also associated with hypopycnal delivery. Re-burial of fossil OC is pervasive. Our findings from Taiwan suggest that erosion and marine burial of terrestrial non-fossil OC may sequester > 8 TgC yr−1 across Oceania, a significant geological CO2 sink which requires better constraint. We postulate that mountain islands of Oceania provide strong link between tectonic uplift and the carbon cycle, one moderated by the climatic variability that controls terrestrial OC delivery to the ocean.

Published
2014

243. Preservation of terrestrial organic carbon in marine sediments offshore Taiwan: mountain building and atmospheric carbon dioxide sequestration

Author

Kao, S-J, Hilton, RG, Selvaraj, K, Dai, M, Zehetner, F, Huang, J-C, Hsu, S-C, Sparkes, R, Liu, JT, Lee, T-Y, Yang, J-YT, Galy, A, Xu, X, Hovius, N, Kao, S-J, Hilton, RG, Selvaraj, K, Dai, M, Zehetner, F, Huang, J-C, Hsu, S-C, Sparkes, R, Liu, JT, Lee, T-Y, Yang, J-YT, Galy, A, Xu, X, and Hovius, N

Abstract

Geological sequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) can be achieved by the erosion of organic carbon (OC) from the terrestrial biosphere and its burial in long-lived marine sediments. Rivers on mountain islands of Oceania in the western Pacific have very high rates of OC export to the ocean, yet its preservation offshore remains poorly constrained. Here we use the OC content (Corg, %), radiocarbon (Δ 14Corg) and stable isotope (δ13Corg) composition of sediments offshore Taiwan to assess the fate of terrestrial OC, using surface, sub-surface and Holocene sediments. We account for rock-derived OC to assess the preservation of OC eroded from the terrestrial biosphere and the associated CO2 sink during flood discharges (hyperpycnal river plumes) and when river inputs are dispersed more widely (hypopycnal). The Corg, Δ14Corg and δ 13Corg of marine sediment traps and cores indicate that during flood discharges, terrestrial OC can be transferred efficiently down submarine canyons to the deep ocean and accumulates offshore with little evidence for terrestrial OC loss. In marine sediments fed by dispersive river inputs, the Corg, Δ14Corg and δ 13Corg are consistent with mixing of terrestrial OC with marine OC and suggest that efficient preservation of terrestrial OC (>70%) is also associated with hypopycnal delivery. Sub-surface and Holocene sediments indicate that this preservation is long-lived on millennial timescales. Re-burial of rock-derived OC is pervasive. Our findings from Taiwan suggest that erosion and offshore burial of OC from the terrestrial biosphere may sequester >8 TgC yr−1 across Oceania, a significant geological CO2 sink which requires better constraint. We postulate that mountain islands of Oceania provide a strong link between tectonic uplift and the carbon cycle, one moderated by the climatic variability which controls terrestrial OC delivery to the ocean.

Published
2014

244. Preservation of terrestrial organic carbon in marine sediments offshore Taiwan: mountain building and atmospheric carbon dioxide sequestration

Author

Kao, S. -j., Hilton, R. G., Selvaraj, K., Dai, M., Zehetner, F., Huang, J. -c., Hsu, S.-c., Sparkes, R., Liu, J. T., Lee, T. -y., Yang, J. -y. T., Galy, A., Xu, X., Hovius, N., Kao, S. -j., Hilton, R. G., Selvaraj, K., Dai, M., Zehetner, F., Huang, J. -c., Hsu, S.-c., Sparkes, R., Liu, J. T., Lee, T. -y., Yang, J. -y. T., Galy, A., Xu, X., and Hovius, N.

Abstract

Geological sequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) can be achieved by the erosion of organic carbon (OC) from the terrestrial biosphere and its burial in long-lived marine sediments. Rivers on mountain islands of Oceania in the western Pacific have very high rates of OC export to the ocean, yet its preservation offshore remains poorly constrained. Here we use the OC content (Corg, %), radiocarbon (Δ 14Corg) and stable isotope (δ13Corg) composition of sediments offshore Taiwan to assess the fate of terrestrial OC, using surface, sub-surface and Holocene sediments. We account for rock-derived OC to assess the preservation of OC eroded from the terrestrial biosphere and the associated CO2 sink during flood discharges (hyperpycnal river plumes) and when river inputs are dispersed more widely (hypopycnal). The Corg, Δ14Corg and δ 13Corg of marine sediment traps and cores indicate that during flood discharges, terrestrial OC can be transferred efficiently down submarine canyons to the deep ocean and accumulates offshore with little evidence for terrestrial OC loss. In marine sediments fed by dispersive river inputs, the Corg, Δ14Corg and δ 13Corg are consistent with mixing of terrestrial OC with marine OC and suggest that efficient preservation of terrestrial OC (>70%) is also associated with hypopycnal delivery. Sub-surface and Holocene sediments indicate that this preservation is long-lived on millennial timescales. Re-burial of rock-derived OC is pervasive. Our findings from Taiwan suggest that erosion and offshore burial of OC from the terrestrial biosphere may sequester >8 TgC yr−1 across Oceania, a significant geological CO2 sink which requires better constraint. We postulate that mountain islands of Oceania provide a strong link between tectonic uplift and the carbon cycle, one moderated by the climatic variability which controls terrestrial OC delivery to the ocean.

Published
2014
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247. Randomised Study of Axitinib (Axi) Plus Best Supportive Care (Bsc) Versus Placebo (Pbo) Plus Bsc in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Hcc) Following Prior Antiangiogenic Therapy

Author

Kang, Y-K., primary, Yau, T., additional, Park, J-W., additional, Boucher, E., additional, Lim, H.Y., additional, Poon, R.T.P., additional, Lee, T-Y., additional, Obi, S., additional, Chan, S.L., additional, Qin, S.K., additional, Kim, R.D., additional, Tang, J., additional, Valota, O., additional, Chakrabarti, D., additional, and Kudo, M., additional

Published
2014
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