201. Understanding the Role of Radio-Sensitizing Nanoparticles in Enhancing Pathologic Response in Soft Tissue Sarcomas.
- Author
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Stergioula, Anastasia, Pantelis, Evaggelos, Kontogeorgakos, Vasileios, Lazaris, Andreas C., and Agrogiannis, Georgios
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PREOPERATIVE care , *SOFT tissue tumors , *DOSE-response relationship (Radiation) , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *RADIATION-sensitizing agents , *RADIATION doses , *SARCOMA , *NANOPARTICLES - Abstract
Simple Summary: Introducing high-atomic-number nanoparticles into tumor cells enhances the effect of radiotherapy. In the case of soft tissue sarcomas (STS), preclinical studies indicate that the dose is enhanced by approximately 1.2 when polyethelyne glycol (PEG)-modified gold and up to 1.8 when hafnium oxide nanoparticles (NBTXR3, Nanobiotix SA, Paris, France) are introduced into tumor cells and activated by X-ray photon beams. Clinical trials assessing the therapeutic benefit of nanoparticles in preoperative radiotherapy for locally advanced STS revealed that using NBTXR3 nanoparticles doubled the proportion of patients achieving a pathological complete response in their resected tumor. Additionally, a higher percentage of patients in the NBTXR3 plus radiotherapy patient group achieved complete tumor resection. The incorporation of radio-sensitizing nanoparticles in the preoperative radiotherapy of STS could enhance treatment outcomes. High-atomic-number (Z) nanoparticles produce a cascade of low-energy secondary electrons and characteristic X-rays when ionized by X-ray irradiation. These secondary particles deposit their energy in the vicinity of the nanoparticles and, provided that the latter are selectively accumulated within tumor cells, this results in increased DNA damage and tumor cell deaths. This study reviews the utilization of high-Z nanoparticles in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas (STS). Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the dose is enhanced by approximately 1.2 when polyethelyne glycol (PEG)-modified gold nanoparticles, and from 1.4 to 1.8 when hafnium oxide nanoparticles (NBTXR3, Nanobiotix SA, France) are introduced into tumor cells and activated by X-ray beams. In a phase 2/3 clinical trial investigating the therapeutic benefit of using nanoparticles in preoperative external beam radiotherapy for locally advanced STS, the proportion of patients with a pathological complete response in their resected tumor was doubled when NBTXR3 nanoparticles were used. Additionally, a higher percentage of patients with complete tumor resection was observed in the NBTXR3 plus radiotherapy group. Similar toxicity profiles were found for both the NBTXR3 plus radiotherapy and the radiotherapy alone patient groups. The incorporation of radio-sensitizing nanoparticles in the preoperative radiotherapy of STS could enhance treatment outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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