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Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (KR) is a flavonoid glycoside derived from traditional Chinese medicine, plants, and tea, and has good myocardial protection. This study focuses on the mechanism of myocardial protection with KR and whether myocardial protection can be achieved by activating the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase–silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (sirtuin) (AMPK/SIRT1) signal pathway. Molecular docking technique was used to predict the binding affinity of KR to AMPK. The inflammatory injury model of H9c2 cells was established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction. H9c2 cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit -8 assay. The apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry. Levels of interlukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. AMPK and SIRT1 expression levels were quantified through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting assay. Results indicated that KR has a certain binding affinity with AMPK. KR could increase the growth of H9c2 inhibited by LPS, reduce apoptosis rate, and reverse the elevated levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Furthermore, KR could suppress the expression levels of AMPK and SIRT1, and AMPK-specific inhibitor (Compound C) could significantly counteract the activation of KR, indicating that its anti-inflammatory effect is achieved by regulating the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway.

Summary By creating a reverse deflection, negative-displacement horizontal well technology can successfully address the issue of construction challenges brought on by too little displacement in front of the horizontal well target. However, conventional horizontal well casing string running models are unsuitable for negative-displacement horizontal wells. This is because conventional horizontal well models assume that the casing string is in contact with the lower side of the borehole, which is inconsistent with the actual situation in negative-displacement horizontal wells. In this study, we examine the effects of fluid viscous resistance and internal and external fluid interaction forces on the running of the casing string using the Gaussian method and the complementary surface equivalence method. Based on the bending beam theory, we establish a deflection model to examine the interaction between the casing string and the borehole wall in the bending section. The friction and hookload calculation models of each well section and the strength check models are also established. The calculation results show that, according to the aforementioned model, there is an average error of 7.5% between the measured data and the calculated frictional force of the H1 and H2 negative-displacement horizontal wells. This error is within the reasonable range of field application and attests to the validity of the theoretical model. Finally, we study the influence of running factors on running ability and strength of casing string using the control variable method. The results indicate that the weight of the casing string is positively correlated with the variation law of the running ability of the casing string, the maximum offset distance and the length of the horizontal section are negatively correlated with the running ability of the casing string, and the borehole curvature is positively correlated with the variation law of the connection stress of the internal and external threads of the casing string. Therefore, in the process of running the casing string in negative-displacement horizontal wells, using heavier casing string and reducing the maximum offset distance and horizontal section length can improve the running ability of the casing string.

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak that emerged at the end of 2019 has now swept the world for more than 2 years, causing immeasurable damage to the lives and economies of the world. It has drawn so much attention to discovering how the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) originated and entered the human body. The current argument revolves around two contradictory theories: a scenario of laboratory spillover events and human contact with zoonotic diseases. Here, we reviewed the transmission, pathogenesis, possible hosts, as well as the genome and protein structure of SARS-CoV-2, which play key roles in the COVID-19 pandemic. We believe the coronavirus was originally transmitted to human by animals rather than by a laboratory leak. However, there still needs more investigations to determine the source of the pandemic. Understanding how COVID-19 emerged is vital to developing global strategies for mitigating future outbreaks.

In order to achieve bright and durable structural colors, the poly(styrene-N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide) nanospheres with self-crosslinking property were used as structural units to construct patterned photonic crystals. In this article, we thoroughly explore the effect of synthesis factors on particle sizes and monodispersity of poly(styrene-N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide) nanospheres, with the characterization of the performance of prepared poly(styrene-N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide) nanospheres. Then the color effects and durability of structural colors produced from poly(styrene-N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide) photonic crystals were characterized and evaluated. The results showed that the monodisperse poly(styrene-N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide) nanospheres with particle sizes ranging between about 200∼320 nm could be synthesized. The prepared poly(styrene-N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide) nanospheres exhibit typical core-shell structure, in which the hydrophobic polystyrene domain is mainly located on the core, and there is a thin shell mainly rich in hydrophilic Poly(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide) covering the polystyrene core. Moreover, the poly(styrene-N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide) nanospheres have self-crosslinking properties, which could be confirmed by the thermogravimetric curve. Furthermore, the photonic crystals constructed by prepared poly(styrene-N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide) nanospheres still present vivid and durable structural colors after friction, bending, washing and soaking tests. Specifically, the patterned photonic crystals can be constructed on photo paper, plastic board and fabrics, and the resultant structural colors present significantly iridescent effects. The research results can provide strategic support for the practical application of photonic crystals with structural colors.

Objective. This study aims to observe the changes in pupil diameter (PD) after anesthesia with different doses of sufentanil with the ultrasound method and observe whether pupil contraction is correlated with hemodynamic changes and bispectral index (BIS) values. Methods. A total of 124 patients between the ages of 18–65 with ASA I–II undergoing general anesthesia for surgery were enrolled in the study. According to the sufentanil dose initially injected, they were randomly divided into groups P, S1, S2, and S3, with 31 cases in each group. Group P was injected with normal saline. Group S1 was injected with 0.2 μg/kg of sufentanil. Group S2 was injected with 0.4 μg/kg of sufentanil. Group S3 was injected with 0.6 μg/kg of sufentanil. Following propofol administration and eye closure, the pupil diameter (PD) of the patients in the four groups was observed and measured by ultrasound after the loss of consciousness (T1) and within 3 min after the sufentanil injection at an interval of 30 s (30 s (T2), 1 min (T3), 1 min 30 s (T4), 2 min (T5), 2 min 30 s (T6), and 3 min (T7)). PD, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), and BIS values at T1–T7 were recorded. Results. The ultrasonic method was used to observe that different doses of sufentanil could make the patients’ pupils contract. During anesthesia induction, the changes in PD have a positive correlation with SBP, DBP, HR, and BIS values. Conclusion. Ultrasound can become a new noninvasive method to monitor pupil changes during general anesthesia, and ultrasonic observation of pupil changes has great potential for individualized analgesia management in the perioperative period.

With the rapid industrial development, the coexistence of multiple pollutants in wastewater has become a common phenomenon. Thus, developing highly efficient decontamination methods is imperative. In this work, a string of UiO-66-NH

A successful implementation of any secure communication protocols requires the identity authentication as a prerequisite. Quantum identity authentication (QIA) can ensure the unconditional security of identity code. In this paper, we propose a multi-party simultaneous quantum identity authentication (MSQIA) protocol based on the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state. In the protocol, N certified users can directly send their identity codes to the authenticator Alice simultaneously through quantum channels without classical communication, which enables Alice to authenticate their identity at the same time. Our protocol only requires Alice to perform the single-photon measurement. In theory, this protocol is unconditionally secure and one pair of (N+1)-photon GHZ state can transmit N bits of identity codes. Our MSQIA protocol has application potential in the quantum communication field in the near future.