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2,487 results on '"Krause S"'

202. Assessment of disease progression in dysferlinopathy: a 1-year cohort study

Author

Moore, U., Jacobs, Marni, James, Meredith K, Mayhew, A. G., Fernandez-Torron, Roberto, Feng, J., Cnaan, A., Eagle, M., Bettinson, K., Rufibach, L. E., Lofra, R. M., Blamire, A. M., Carlier, P. G., Mittal, P., Lowes, L. P., Alfano, L., Rose, K., Duong, T., Berry, K. M., Montiel-Morillo, E., Pedrosa-Hernández, I., Holsten, S., Sanjak, M., Ashida, A., Sakamoto, C., Tateishi, T., Yajima, H., Canal, A., Ollivier, G., Decostre, V., Mendez, J. B., Praxedes, N. S. A., Thiele, S., Siener, C., Shierbecker, J., Florence, J. M., Vandevelde, B., Dewolf, B., Hutchence, M., Gee, R., Prügel, J., Maron, E., Hilsden, Heather, Lochmüller, H., Grieben, U., Spuler, Simone, Rocha, C. T., Day, J. W., Jones, K. J., Bharucha-Goebel, D. X., Salort-Campana, Emmanuelle, Harms, M., Pestronk, Alan, Krause, S., Schreiber-Katz, Olivia, Walter, M. C., Paradas, C., Hogrel, J. Y., Stojkovic, T., Takeda, S., Mori-Yoshimura, M., Bravver, Elena, Sparks, S., Diaz-Manera, Jordi., Bello, Luca, Semplicini, C., Pegoraro, E., Mendell, J. R., Bushby, Kate, Straub, V., Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, and Jain Foundation

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Dysferlinopathy, business.industry, Wrist, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Test (assessment), Clinical trial, Manual Muscle Testing, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Ambulatory, Physical therapy, medicine, Clinical endpoint, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cohort study
Abstract

Jain COS Consortium., [Objective] To assess the ability of functional measures to detect disease progression in dysferlinopathy over 6 months and 1 year., [Methods] One hundred ninety-three patients with dysferlinopathy were recruited to the Jain Foundation's International Clinical Outcome Study for Dysferlinopathy. Baseline, 6-month, and 1-year assessments included adapted North Star Ambulatory Assessment (a-NSAA), Motor Function Measure (MFM-20), timed function tests, 6-minute walk test (6MWT), Brooke scale, Jebsen test, manual muscle testing, and hand-held dynamometry. Patients also completed the ACTIVLIM questionnaire. Change in each measure over 6 months and 1 year was calculated and compared between disease severity (ambulant [mild, moderate, or severe based on a-NSAA score] or nonambulant [unable to complete a 10-meter walk]) and clinical diagnosis., [Results] The functional a-NSAA test was the most sensitive to deterioration for ambulant patients overall. The a-NSAA score was the most sensitive test in the mild and moderate groups, while the 6MWT was most sensitive in the severe group. The 10-meter walk test was the only test showing significant change across all ambulant severity groups. In nonambulant patients, the MFM domain 3, wrist flexion strength, and pinch grip were most sensitive. Progression rates did not differ by clinical diagnosis. Power calculations determined that 46 moderately affected patients are required to determine clinical effectiveness for a hypothetical 1-year clinical trial based on the a-NSAA as a clinical endpoint., [Conclusion] Certain functional outcome measures can detect changes over 6 months and 1 year in dysferlinopathy and potentially be useful in monitoring progression in clinical trials., [ClinicalTrials.gov identifier] NCT01676077., The estimated US $4 million needed to fund this study is being provided by the Jain Foundation. The John Walton Centre Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre is part of the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases (grant MR/K000608/1).

Published
2019

203. Pet positivity after 2 cycles of abvd is a risk factor in patients with early-stage favorable Hodgkin lymphoma treated in the phase 3 GHSG HD16 study

Author

Fuchs, M., Görgen, H., Kobe, C., Kuhnert, G., Hitz, F., Greil, R., Sasse, S., Topp, M. S., Schäfer, E., Hertenstein, B., Sökler, M., Vogelhuber, M., Zijlstra, J. M., Keller, U. B., Krause, S. W., Wilhelm, M., Maschmeyer, G., Thiemer, J., Dührsen, U., Meissner, J., Viardot, A., Eich, H., Baues, C., Diehl, V., Rosenwald, A., Tresckow, Bastian von, Dietlein, M., Borchmann, P., and Engert, A.

Subjects
Medizin
Published
2019

204. Focused research on RLV-technologies: the DLR project AKIRA

Author

SIPPEL, M., STAPPERT, S., WILKEN, J., DARKOW, N., CAIN, S., KRAUSE, S., REIMER, T., RAUH, C., STEFANIAK, D., BEERHORST, M., THIELE, T., KRONEN, R., BRIESE, L. E., ACQUATELLA, P., SCHNEPPER, K., and RICCIUS, J.

Subjects
LAUNCH VEHICLE DESIGN, UAV, SPACE PROPULSION, COMPOSITES, CRYOGENIC PROPULSION
Abstract

DLR has organized a multidisciplinary research project on technologies critical for the realization of RLV-stages called AKIRA. The research topics are efficient RLV-stage return, reusable cryogenic tank insulation technologies, and structural technologies in RLV-stages and reusable engines. The paper provides an overview of all ongoing activities and summarizes major research results achieved over the successful mid-term review of November 2018 up to early 2019.

Published
2019
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205. Methanotroph Ecology, Environmental distribution and functioning

Author

Bodelier, P.L.E., Pérez, G., Veraart, A.J., Krause, S., Lee, Eun Yeol, Microbial Ecology (ME), and Lee, Eun Yeol

Subjects
Methanotroph, Resistance (ecology), Ecology, Aquatic Ecology, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Methane, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Phylogenetics, Greenhouse gas, international, Guild, Ecosystem, Bacteria
Abstract

The dynamics of methane concentrations in the atmosphere in recent decades has demonstrated many anomalies which are poorly understood. The only biological way of degrading this potent greenhouse gas is by microbial oxidation. Aerobic methanotrophic bacteriaAerobic methanotrophic bacteria(MB) play an important role in many ecosystems worldwide degrading methane before it can escape to the atmosphere. This group of bacteria has intensively been studied as a model microbial functional guild because there is a strong link between the consumption of methane and the composition of MB communities, facilitating the study of microbial ``behavior'' in the environment. These studies have revealed a strong biogeographyBiogeographyof MB which is displayed in their phylogenyPhylogenynot only on the basis of single functional marker genes but also on genomeGenomesequence basis. Novel environmental controlling factors have been revealed (e.g. rare earth metals) as well as novel organisms with as yet unknown traits for MB. The resistance and resilience of methane consumption and methane consuming communities have been shown to depend on specific community members. The current knowledge on environmental distribution and of MB has led to propose a life-history scheme, classifying MB communities on their collective traits rather than singly on their capacity the oxidise methane alone.

Published
2019

206. Prospective Observational Study of Pazopanib in Patients with Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (PRINCIPAL Study)

Author

Schmidinger, M. Bamias, A. Procopio, G. Hawkins, R. Sanchez, A.R. Vázquez, S. Srihari, N. Kalofonos, H. Bono, P. Pisal, C.B. Hirschberg, Y. Dezzani, L. Ahmad, Q. Jonasch, E. Gimeno, R.A. Herranz, U.A. Ardavanis, A. Ashraf, S.A. Bamias, A. Barone, C. Bella, S.R. Belz, H. Companario, E.B. Bolling, C. Bono, P. Bothe, K. Carteni, G. Espinosa, J.C. Clausse, M. Confente, C. Coskun, H. Herrero, G.C. Demey, W. D'hondt, R. Santasusana, M.D. Doshi, G. Elkiran, E. Facchini, G. Fein, L. Calvo, O.F. Flaherty, A. Fountzilas, G. Fruehauf, J. Díaz, E.G. Garcia, R. Domínguez, R.G. Ghosn, M. Glorieux, P. Goebell, P.J. Gutierrez, L.G.-A. Gonzalez, M. Green, N.B. Arnau, M.G. Harich, H.-D. Hawkins, R. Hegele, A. Pérez, C.H. Herrmann, E. Horniniger, W.J. Hutson, T.E. Janetschek, G. Kalantari, H. Kalofonos, H. Klausmann, M. Kolin, M. Krause, S. Kroening, H. Sorrosal, J.J.L. Lázaro, M. Lema, M. Lema, M.L. Lin, J. Lueck, A. Lybaert, W. Magi, A. Marina, V.A. Rey, J.P.M. Matus, G. Melear, J. Gonzalez, B.M. Milella, M. Montalar, J. Ferrandis, J.M. Nathan, P. Nechushtan, H. Nusch, A. Ojamaa, K. Oksuzoglu, B. Ozkan, M. Papazisis, K. Passalacqua, R. Pe'er, A. Gracia, J.L.P. Pichler, A. Pokker, H. Porta, C. Rauchenwald, M. Richardet, M.E. Richey, S.L. Garcia, J.M.R. Sánchez, A.R. Rudolph, R. Sabbatini, R. Salmon, J.-P. Lobera, C.S. Sarid, D.L. Saylors, G.B. Schmidinger, M. Schrijvers, D. Schulze, M. Sevilay, A. Shumaker, G.G. Siemer, S. de Prado y Otero, D.S. Srihari, N. Stoiber, F. Rodriguez, C.S. Varela, M.S. Vasanthan, S. Estevez, S.V. Vehling-Kaiser, U. Vogelzang, N. Weiss, H. Whenham, N. Wyendaele, W. Yildiz, R. Yucel, I. Zarba, J.J. Zarkar, A. Zhong, W. Ziem, P. the PRINCIPAL Study Group

Abstract

Background: Real-world data are essential to accurately assessing efficacy and toxicity of approved agents in everyday practice. PRINCIPAL, a prospective, observational study, was designed to confirm the real-world safety and efficacy of pazopanib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Subjects, Materials, and Methods: Patients with clear cell advanced/metastatic RCC and a clinical decision to initiate pazopanib treatment within 30 days of enrollment were eligible. Primary objectives included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), relative dose intensity (RDI) and its effect on treatment outcomes, change in health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and safety. We also compared characteristics and outcomes of clinical-trial-eligible (CTE) patients, defined using COMPARZ trial eligibility criteria, with those of non-clinical-trial-eligible (NCTE) patients. Secondary study objectives were to evaluate clinical efficacy, safety, and RDI in patient subgroups. Results: Six hundred fifty-seven patients were enrolled and received ≥1 dose of pazopanib. Median PFS and OS were 10.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.2–12.0) and 29.9 months (95% CI, 24.7 to not reached), respectively, and the ORR was 30.3%. HRQoL showed no or little deterioration over time. Treatment-related serious adverse events (AEs) and AEs of special interest occurred in 64 (9.7%), and 399 (60.7%) patients, respectively. More patients were classified NCTE than CTE (85.2% vs. 14.8%). Efficacy of pazopanib was similar between the two groups. Conclusion: PRINCIPAL confirms the efficacy and safety of pazopanib in patients with advanced/metastatic RCC in a real-world clinical setting. Implications for Practice: PRINCIPAL is the largest (n = 657) prospective, observational study of pazopanib in patients with advanced/metastatic renal cell carcinoma, to the authors’ knowledge. Consistent with clinical trial results that often contain specific patient types, the PRINCIPAL study demonstrated that the effectiveness and safety of pazopanib is similarly safe and effective in patients with advanced kidney cancer in a real-world clinical setting. The PRINCIPAL study showed that patients with advanced kidney cancer who are treated with first-line pazopanib generally do not show disease progression for approximately 10 months and generally survive for nearly 30 months. © AlphaMed Press 2019

Published
2019

217. Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH)–a community perspective

Author

Blöschl, G., Bierkens, M. F. P., Chambel, A., Cudennec, C., Destouni, G., Fiori, A., Kirchner, J. W., McDonnell, J. J., Savenije, H. H. G., Sivapalan, M., Stumpp, C., Toth, E., Volpi, E., Carr, G., Lupton, C., Salinas, J., Széles, B., Viglione, A., Aksoy, H., Allen, S. T., Amin, A., Andréassian, V., Arheimer, B., Aryal, S. K., Baker, V., Bardsley, E., Barendrecht, M. H., Bartosova, A., Batelaan, O., Berghuijs, W. R., Beven, K., Blume, T., Bogaard, T., Borges de Amorim, P., Böttcher, M. E., Boulet, G., Breinl, K., Brilly, M., Brocca, L., Buytaert, W., Castellarin, A., Castelletti, A., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Chifflard, P., Claps, P., Clark, M. P., Collins, A. L., Croke, B., Dathe, A., David, P. C., de Barros, F. P. J., de Rooij, G., Di Baldassarre, G., Driscoll, J. M., Duethmann, D., Dwivedi, R., Eris, E., Farmer, W. H., Feiccabrino, J., Ferguson, G., Ferrari, E., Ferraris, S., Fersch, B., Finger, D., Foglia, L., Fowler, K., Gartsman, B., Gascoin, S., Gaume, E., Gelfan, A., Geris, J., Gharari, S., Gleeson, T., Glendell, M., Gonzalez Bevacqua, A., González-Dugo, M. P., Grimaldi, S., Gupta, A. B., Guse, B., Han, D., Hannah, D., Harpold, A., Haun, S., Heal, K., Helfricht, K., Herrnegger, M., Hipsey, M., Hlaváčiková, H., Hohmann, C., Holko, L., Hopkinson, C., Hrachowitz, M., Illangasekare, T. H., Inam, A., Innocente, C., Istanbulluoglu, E., Jarihani, B., Kalantari, Z., Kalvans, A., Khanal, S., Khatami, S., Kiesel, J., Kirkby, M., Knoben, W., Kochanek, K., Kohnová, S., Kolechkina, A., Krause, S., Kreamer, D., Kreibich, H., Kunstmann, H., Lange, H., Liberato, M. L. R., Lindquist, E., Link, T., Liu, J., Loucks, D. P., Luce, C., Mahé, G., Makarieva, O., Malard, J., Mashtayeva, S., Maskey, S., Mas-Pla, J., Mavrova-Guirguinova, M., Mazzoleni, M., Mernild, S., Misstear, B. D., Montanari, A., Müller-Thomy, H., Nabizadeh, A., Nardi, F., Neale, C., Nesterova, N., Nurtaev, B., Odongo, V. O., Panda, S., Pande, S., Pang, Z., Papacharalampous, G., Perrin, C., Pfister, L., Pimentel, R., Polo, M. J., Post, D., Prieto Sierra, C., Ramos, M. -H, Renner, M., Reynolds, J. E., Ridolfi, E., Rigon, R., Riva, M., Robertson, D. E., Rosso, R., Roy, T., Sá, J.H.M., Salvadori, G., Sandells, M., Schaefli, B., Schumann, A., Scolobig, A., Seibert, J., Servat, E., Shafiei, M., Sharma, A., Sidibe, M., Sidle, R. C., Skaugen, T., Smith, H., Spiessl, S. M., Stein, L., Steinsland, I., Strasser, U., Su, B., Szolgay, J., Tarboton, D., Tauro, F., Thirel, G., Tian, F., Tong, R., Tussupova, K., Tyralis, H., Uijlenhoet, R., van Beek, R., van der Ent, R. J., van der Ploeg, M., Van Loon, A. F., van Meerveld, I., van Nooijen, R., van Oel, P. R., Vidal, J. -P, von Freyberg, J., Vorogushyn, S., Wachniew, P., Wade, A. J., Ward, P., Westerberg, I. K., White, C., Wood, E. F., Woods, R., Xu, Z., Yilmaz, K. K., Zhang, Y., Blöschl, G., Bierkens, M. F. P., Chambel, A., Cudennec, C., Destouni, G., Fiori, A., Kirchner, J. W., McDonnell, J. J., Savenije, H. H. G., Sivapalan, M., Stumpp, C., Toth, E., Volpi, E., Carr, G., Lupton, C., Salinas, J., Széles, B., Viglione, A., Aksoy, H., Allen, S. T., Amin, A., Andréassian, V., Arheimer, B., Aryal, S. K., Baker, V., Bardsley, E., Barendrecht, M. H., Bartosova, A., Batelaan, O., Berghuijs, W. R., Beven, K., Blume, T., Bogaard, T., Borges de Amorim, P., Böttcher, M. E., Boulet, G., Breinl, K., Brilly, M., Brocca, L., Buytaert, W., Castellarin, A., Castelletti, A., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Chifflard, P., Claps, P., Clark, M. P., Collins, A. L., Croke, B., Dathe, A., David, P. C., de Barros, F. P. J., de Rooij, G., Di Baldassarre, G., Driscoll, J. M., Duethmann, D., Dwivedi, R., Eris, E., Farmer, W. H., Feiccabrino, J., Ferguson, G., Ferrari, E., Ferraris, S., Fersch, B., Finger, D., Foglia, L., Fowler, K., Gartsman, B., Gascoin, S., Gaume, E., Gelfan, A., Geris, J., Gharari, S., Gleeson, T., Glendell, M., Gonzalez Bevacqua, A., González-Dugo, M. P., Grimaldi, S., Gupta, A. B., Guse, B., Han, D., Hannah, D., Harpold, A., Haun, S., Heal, K., Helfricht, K., Herrnegger, M., Hipsey, M., Hlaváčiková, H., Hohmann, C., Holko, L., Hopkinson, C., Hrachowitz, M., Illangasekare, T. H., Inam, A., Innocente, C., Istanbulluoglu, E., Jarihani, B., Kalantari, Z., Kalvans, A., Khanal, S., Khatami, S., Kiesel, J., Kirkby, M., Knoben, W., Kochanek, K., Kohnová, S., Kolechkina, A., Krause, S., Kreamer, D., Kreibich, H., Kunstmann, H., Lange, H., Liberato, M. L. R., Lindquist, E., Link, T., Liu, J., Loucks, D. P., Luce, C., Mahé, G., Makarieva, O., Malard, J., Mashtayeva, S., Maskey, S., Mas-Pla, J., Mavrova-Guirguinova, M., Mazzoleni, M., Mernild, S., Misstear, B. D., Montanari, A., Müller-Thomy, H., Nabizadeh, A., Nardi, F., Neale, C., Nesterova, N., Nurtaev, B., Odongo, V. O., Panda, S., Pande, S., Pang, Z., Papacharalampous, G., Perrin, C., Pfister, L., Pimentel, R., Polo, M. J., Post, D., Prieto Sierra, C., Ramos, M. -H, Renner, M., Reynolds, J. E., Ridolfi, E., Rigon, R., Riva, M., Robertson, D. E., Rosso, R., Roy, T., Sá, J.H.M., Salvadori, G., Sandells, M., Schaefli, B., Schumann, A., Scolobig, A., Seibert, J., Servat, E., Shafiei, M., Sharma, A., Sidibe, M., Sidle, R. C., Skaugen, T., Smith, H., Spiessl, S. M., Stein, L., Steinsland, I., Strasser, U., Su, B., Szolgay, J., Tarboton, D., Tauro, F., Thirel, G., Tian, F., Tong, R., Tussupova, K., Tyralis, H., Uijlenhoet, R., van Beek, R., van der Ent, R. J., van der Ploeg, M., Van Loon, A. F., van Meerveld, I., van Nooijen, R., van Oel, P. R., Vidal, J. -P, von Freyberg, J., Vorogushyn, S., Wachniew, P., Wade, A. J., Ward, P., Westerberg, I. K., White, C., Wood, E. F., Woods, R., Xu, Z., Yilmaz, K. K., and Zhang, Y.

Abstract

QC 20210112

Published
2019
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219. Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH)–a community perspective

Author

Blöschl, G. Bierkens, M. F. P. Chambel, A. Cudennec, C. Destouni, G. Fiori, A. Kirchner, J. W. McDonnell, J. J. Savenije, H. H. G. Sivapalan, M. Stumpp, C. Toth, E. Volpi, E. Carr, G. Lupton, C. Salinas, J. Széles, B. Viglione, A. Aksoy, H. Allen, S. T. Amin, A. Andréassian, V. Arheimer, B. Aryal, S. K. Baker, V. Bardsley, E. Barendrecht, M. H. Bartosova, A. Batelaan, O. Berghuijs, W. R. Beven, K. Blume, T. Bogaard, T. Borges de Amorim, P. Böttcher, M. E. Boulet, G. Breinl, K. Brilly, M. Brocca, L. Buytaert, W. Castellarin, A. Castelletti, A. Chen, X. Chen, Y. Chen, Y. Chifflard, P. Claps, P. Clark, M. P. Collins, A. L. Croke, B. Dathe, A. David, P. C. de Barros, F. P. J. de Rooij, G. Di Baldassarre, G. Driscoll, J. M. Duethmann, D. Dwivedi, R. Eris, E. Farmer, W. H. Feiccabrino, J. Ferguson, G. Ferrari, E. Ferraris, S. Fersch, B. Finger, D. Foglia, L. Fowler, K. Gartsman, B. Gascoin, S. Gaume, E. Gelfan, A. Geris, J. Gharari, S. Gleeson, T. Glendell, M. Gonzalez Bevacqua, A. González-Dugo, M. P. Grimaldi, S. Gupta, A. B. Guse, B. Han, D. Hannah, D. Harpold, A. Haun, S. Heal, K. Helfricht, K. Herrnegger, M. Hipsey, M. Hlaváčiková, H. Hohmann, C. Holko, L. Hopkinson, C. Hrachowitz, M. Illangasekare, T. H. Inam, A. Innocente, C. Istanbulluoglu, E. Jarihani, B. Kalantari, Z. Kalvans, A. Khanal, S. Khatami, S. Kiesel, J. Kirkby, M. Knoben, W. Kochanek, K. Kohnová, S. Kolechkina, A. Krause, S. Kreamer, D. Kreibich, H. Kunstmann, H. Lange, H. Liberato, M. L. R. Lindquist, E. Link, T. Liu, J. Loucks, D. P. Luce, C. Mahé, G. Makarieva, O. Malard, J. Mashtayeva, S. Maskey, S. Mas-Pla, J. Mavrova-Guirguinova, M. Mazzoleni, M. Mernild, S. Misstear, B. D. Montanari, A. Müller-Thomy, H. Nabizadeh, A. Nardi, F. Neale, C. Nesterova, N. Nurtaev, B. Odongo, V. O. Panda, S. Pande, S. Pang, Z. Papacharalampous, G. Perrin, C. Pfister, L. Pimentel, R. Polo, M. J. Post, D. Prieto Sierra, C. Ramos, M. H. Renner, M. Reynolds, J. E. Ridolfi, E. Rigon, R. Riva, M. Robertson, D. E. Rosso, R. and Blöschl, G. Bierkens, M. F. P. Chambel, A. Cudennec, C. Destouni, G. Fiori, A. Kirchner, J. W. McDonnell, J. J. Savenije, H. H. G. Sivapalan, M. Stumpp, C. Toth, E. Volpi, E. Carr, G. Lupton, C. Salinas, J. Széles, B. Viglione, A. Aksoy, H. Allen, S. T. Amin, A. Andréassian, V. Arheimer, B. Aryal, S. K. Baker, V. Bardsley, E. Barendrecht, M. H. Bartosova, A. Batelaan, O. Berghuijs, W. R. Beven, K. Blume, T. Bogaard, T. Borges de Amorim, P. Böttcher, M. E. Boulet, G. Breinl, K. Brilly, M. Brocca, L. Buytaert, W. Castellarin, A. Castelletti, A. Chen, X. Chen, Y. Chen, Y. Chifflard, P. Claps, P. Clark, M. P. Collins, A. L. Croke, B. Dathe, A. David, P. C. de Barros, F. P. J. de Rooij, G. Di Baldassarre, G. Driscoll, J. M. Duethmann, D. Dwivedi, R. Eris, E. Farmer, W. H. Feiccabrino, J. Ferguson, G. Ferrari, E. Ferraris, S. Fersch, B. Finger, D. Foglia, L. Fowler, K. Gartsman, B. Gascoin, S. Gaume, E. Gelfan, A. Geris, J. Gharari, S. Gleeson, T. Glendell, M. Gonzalez Bevacqua, A. González-Dugo, M. P. Grimaldi, S. Gupta, A. B. Guse, B. Han, D. Hannah, D. Harpold, A. Haun, S. Heal, K. Helfricht, K. Herrnegger, M. Hipsey, M. Hlaváčiková, H. Hohmann, C. Holko, L. Hopkinson, C. Hrachowitz, M. Illangasekare, T. H. Inam, A. Innocente, C. Istanbulluoglu, E. Jarihani, B. Kalantari, Z. Kalvans, A. Khanal, S. Khatami, S. Kiesel, J. Kirkby, M. Knoben, W. Kochanek, K. Kohnová, S. Kolechkina, A. Krause, S. Kreamer, D. Kreibich, H. Kunstmann, H. Lange, H. Liberato, M. L. R. Lindquist, E. Link, T. Liu, J. Loucks, D. P. Luce, C. Mahé, G. Makarieva, O. Malard, J. Mashtayeva, S. Maskey, S. Mas-Pla, J. Mavrova-Guirguinova, M. Mazzoleni, M. Mernild, S. Misstear, B. D. Montanari, A. Müller-Thomy, H. Nabizadeh, A. Nardi, F. Neale, C. Nesterova, N. Nurtaev, B. Odongo, V. O. Panda, S. Pande, S. Pang, Z. Papacharalampous, G. Perrin, C. Pfister, L. Pimentel, R. Polo, M. J. Post, D. Prieto Sierra, C. Ramos, M. H. Renner, M. Reynolds, J. E. Ridolfi, E. Rigon, R. Riva, M. Robertson, D. E. Rosso, R.

Abstract

This paper is the outcome of a community initiative to identify major unsolved scientific problems in hydrology motivated by a need for stronger harmonisation of research efforts. The procedure involved a public consultation through online media, followed by two workshops through which a large number of potential science questions were collated, prioritised, and synthesised. In spite of the diversity of the participants (230 scientists in total), the process revealed much about community priorities and the state of our science: a preference for continuity in research questions rather than radical departures or redirections from past and current work. Questions remain focused on the process-based understanding of hydrological variability and causality at all space and time scales. Increased attention to environmental change drives a new emphasis on understanding how change propagates across interfaces within the hydrological system and across disciplinary boundaries. In particular, the expansion of the human footprint raises a new set of questions related to human interactions with nature and water cycle feedbacks in the context of complex water management problems. We hope that this reflection and synthesis of the 23 unsolved problems in hydrology will help guide research efforts for some years to come.

Published
2019
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221. The method controls the story - Sampling method impacts on the detection of pore-water nitrogen concentrations in streambeds

Author

Comer-Warner, S., Knapp, J.L.A., Blaen, P., Klaar, M., Shelley, F., Zarnetske, J., Lee-Cullin, J., Folegot, S., Kurz, Marie, Lewandowski, J., Harvey, J., Ward, A., Mendoza-Lera, C., Ullah, S., Datry, T., Kettridge, N., Gooddy, D., Drummond, J., Martí, E., Milner, A., Hannah, D., Krause, S., Comer-Warner, S., Knapp, J.L.A., Blaen, P., Klaar, M., Shelley, F., Zarnetske, J., Lee-Cullin, J., Folegot, S., Kurz, Marie, Lewandowski, J., Harvey, J., Ward, A., Mendoza-Lera, C., Ullah, S., Datry, T., Kettridge, N., Gooddy, D., Drummond, J., Martí, E., Milner, A., Hannah, D., and Krause, S.

Abstract

Biogeochemical gradients in streambeds are steep and can vary over short distances often making adequate characterisation of sediment biogeochemical processes challenging. This paper provides an overview and comparison of streambed pore-water sampling methods, highlighting their capacity to address gaps in our understanding of streambed biogeochemical processes. This work reviews and critiques available pore-water sampling techniques to characterise streambed biogeochemical conditions, including their characteristic spatial and temporal resolutions, and associated advantages and limitations. A field study comparing three commonly-used pore-water sampling techniques (multilevel mini-piezometers, miniature drivepoint samplers and diffusive equilibrium in thin-film gels) was conducted to assess differences in observed nitrate and ammonium concentration profiles. Pore-water nitrate concentrations did not differ significantly between sampling methods (p-value = 0.54) with mean concentrations of 2.53, 4.08 and 4.02 mg l−1 observed with the multilevel mini-piezometers, miniature drivepoint samplers and diffusive equilibrium in thin-film gel samplers, respectively. Pore-water ammonium concentrations, however, were significantly higher in pore-water extracted by multilevel mini-piezometers (3.83 mg l−1) and significantly lower where sampled with miniature drivepoint samplers (1.05 mg l−1, p-values <0.01). Differences in observed pore-water ammonium concentration profiles between active (suction: multilevel mini-piezometers) and passive (equilibrium; diffusive equilibrium in thin-film gels) samplers were further explored under laboratory conditions. Measured pore-water ammonium concentrations were significantly greater when sampled by diffusive equilibrium in thin-film gels than with multilevel mini-piezometers (all p-values ≤0.02).The findings of this study have critical implications for the inter

Published
2019

222. Spatial and temporal variation in river corridor exchange across a 5th-order mountain stream network

Author

Ward, A.S., Wondzell, S.M., Schmadel, N.M., Herzog, S., Zarnetske, J.P., Baranov, V., Blaen, P.J., Brekenfeld, N., Chu, R., Derelle, R., Drummond, J., Fleckenstein, Jan, Garayburu-Caruso, V., Graham, E., Hannah, D., Harman, C.J., Hixson, J., Knapp, J.L.A., Krause, S., Kurz, Marie, Lewandowski, J., Li, A., Martí, E., Miller, M., Milner, A.M., Neil, K., Orsini, L., Packman, A.I., Plont, S., Renteria, L., Roche, K., Royer, T., Segura, C., Stegen, J., Toyoda, J., Wells, J., Wisnoski, N.I., Ward, A.S., Wondzell, S.M., Schmadel, N.M., Herzog, S., Zarnetske, J.P., Baranov, V., Blaen, P.J., Brekenfeld, N., Chu, R., Derelle, R., Drummond, J., Fleckenstein, Jan, Garayburu-Caruso, V., Graham, E., Hannah, D., Harman, C.J., Hixson, J., Knapp, J.L.A., Krause, S., Kurz, Marie, Lewandowski, J., Li, A., Martí, E., Miller, M., Milner, A.M., Neil, K., Orsini, L., Packman, A.I., Plont, S., Renteria, L., Roche, K., Royer, T., Segura, C., Stegen, J., Toyoda, J., Wells, J., and Wisnoski, N.I.

Abstract

Although most field and modeling studies of river corridor exchange have been conducted at scales ranging from tens to hundreds of meters, results of these studies are used to predict their ecological and hydrological influences at the scale of river networks. Further complicating prediction, exchanges are expected to vary with hydrologic forcing and the local geomorphic setting. While we desire predictive power, we lack a complete spatiotemporal relationship relating discharge to the variation in geologic setting and hydrologic forcing that is expected across a river basin. Indeed, the conceptual model of Wondzell (2011) predicts systematic variation in river corridor exchange as a function of (1) variation in baseflow over time at a fixed location, (2) variation in discharge with location in the river network, and (3) local geomorphic setting. To test this conceptual model we conducted more than 60 solute tracer studies including a synoptic campaign in the 5th-order river network of the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Oregon, USA) and replicate-in-time experiments in four watersheds. We interpret the data using a series of metrics describing river corridor exchange and solute transport, testing for consistent direction and magnitude of relationships relating these metrics to discharge and local geomorphic setting. We confirmed systematic decrease in river corridor exchange space through the river networks, from headwaters to the larger main stem. However, we did not find systematic variation with changes in discharge through time or with local geomorphic setting. While interpretation of our results is complicated by problems with the analytical methods, the results are sufficiently robust for us to conclude that space-for-time and time-for-space substitutions are not appropriate in our study system. Finally, we suggest two strategies that will improve the interpretability of tracer test results and

Published
2019

223. Solute transport and transformation in an intermittent, headwater mountain stream with diurnal discharge fluctuations

Author

Ward, A.S., Kurz, Marie, Schmadel, N.M., Knapp, J.L.A., Blaen, P.J., Harman, C.J., Drummond, J.D., Hannah, D.M., Krause, S., Li, A., Marti, E., Milner, A., Miller, M., Neil, K., Plont, S., Packman, A.I., Wisnoski, N.I., Wondzell, S.M., Zarnetske, J.P., Ward, A.S., Kurz, Marie, Schmadel, N.M., Knapp, J.L.A., Blaen, P.J., Harman, C.J., Drummond, J.D., Hannah, D.M., Krause, S., Li, A., Marti, E., Milner, A., Miller, M., Neil, K., Plont, S., Packman, A.I., Wisnoski, N.I., Wondzell, S.M., and Zarnetske, J.P.

Abstract

Time-variable discharge is known to control both transport and transformation of solutes in the river corridor. Still, few studies consider the interactions of transport and transformation together. Here, we consider how diurnal discharge fluctuations in an intermittent, headwater stream control reach-scale solute transport and transformation as measured with conservative and reactive tracers during a period of no precipitation. One common conceptual model is that extended contact times with hyporheic zones during low discharge conditions allows for increased transformation of reactive solutes. Instead, we found tracer timescales within the reach were related to discharge, described by a single discharge-variable StorAge Selection function. We found that Resazurin to Resorufin (Raz-to-Rru) transformation is static in time, and apparent differences in reactive tracer were due to interactions with different ages of storage, not with time-variable reactivity. Overall we found reactivity was highest in youngest storage locations, with minimal Raz-to-Rru conversion in waters older than about 20 h of storage in our study reach. Therefore, not all storage in the study reach has the same potential biogeochemical function and increasing residence time of solute storage does not necessarily increase reaction potential of that solute, contrary to prevailing expectations

Published
2019

224. Co-located contemporaneous mapping of morphological, hydrological, chemical, and biological conditions in a 5th-order mountain stream network, Oregon, USA

Author

Ward, A.S., Zarnetske, J.P., Baranov, V., Blaen, P.J., Brekenfeld, N., Chu, R., Derelle, R., Drummond, J., Fleckenstein, Jan, Garayburu-Caruso, V., Graham, E., Hannah, D., Harman, C.J., Herzog, S., Hixson, J., Knapp, J.L.A., Krause, S., Kurz, Marie, Lewandowski, J., Li, A., Martí, E., Miller, M., Milner, A.M., Neil, K., Orsini, L., Packman, A.I., Plont, S., Renteria, L., Roche, K., Royer, T., Schmadel, N.M., Segura, C., Stegen, J., Toyoda, J., Wells, J., Wisnoski, N.I., Wondzell, S.M., Ward, A.S., Zarnetske, J.P., Baranov, V., Blaen, P.J., Brekenfeld, N., Chu, R., Derelle, R., Drummond, J., Fleckenstein, Jan, Garayburu-Caruso, V., Graham, E., Hannah, D., Harman, C.J., Herzog, S., Hixson, J., Knapp, J.L.A., Krause, S., Kurz, Marie, Lewandowski, J., Li, A., Martí, E., Miller, M., Milner, A.M., Neil, K., Orsini, L., Packman, A.I., Plont, S., Renteria, L., Roche, K., Royer, T., Schmadel, N.M., Segura, C., Stegen, J., Toyoda, J., Wells, J., Wisnoski, N.I., and Wondzell, S.M.

Abstract

A comprehensive set of measurements and calculated metrics describing physical, chemical, and biological conditions in the river corridor is presented. These data were collected in a catchment-wide, synoptic campaign in the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Cascade Mountains, Oregon, USA) in summer 2016 during low-discharge conditions. Extensive characterization of 62 sites including surface water, hyporheic water, and streambed sediment was conducted spanning 1st- through 5th-order reaches in the river network. The objective of the sample design and data acquisition was to generate a novel data set to support scaling of river corridor processes across varying flows and morphologic forms present in a river network.

Published
2019

225. Exploring tracer information and model framework trade‐offs to improve estimation of stream transient storage processes

Author

Kelleher, C., Ward, A., Knapp, J.L.A., Blaen, P.J., Kurz, Marie, Drummond, J.D., Zarnetske, J.P., Hannah, D.M., Mendoza-Lera, C., Schmadel, N.M., Datry, T., Lewandowski, J., Milner, A.M., Krause, S., Kelleher, C., Ward, A., Knapp, J.L.A., Blaen, P.J., Kurz, Marie, Drummond, J.D., Zarnetske, J.P., Hannah, D.M., Mendoza-Lera, C., Schmadel, N.M., Datry, T., Lewandowski, J., Milner, A.M., and Krause, S.

Abstract

Novel observation techniques (e.g., “smart” tracers) for characterizing coupled hydrological and biogeochemical processes are improving understanding of stream network transport and transformation dynamics. In turn, these observations are thought to enable increasingly sophisticated representations within transient storage models (TSM). However, TSM parameter estimation is prone to issues with insensitivity and equifinality, which grow as parameters are added to model formulations. Currently, it is unclear whether (or not) observations from different tracers may lead to greater process inference and reduced parameter uncertainty in the context of TSM. Herein, we aim to unravel the role of in‐stream processes alongside metabolically active (MATS) and inactive storage zones (MITS) using variable TSM formulations. Models with one (1SZ) and two storage zones (2SZ) and with and without reactivity were applied to simulate conservative and “smart” tracer observations obtained experimentally for two reaches with differing morphologies. As we show, “smart” tracers are unsurprisingly superior to conservative tracers when it comes to partitioning MITS and MATS. However, when transient storage is lumped within a 1SZ formulation, little improvement in parameter uncertainty is gained by using a “smart” tracer, suggesting the addition of observations should scale with model complexity. Importantly, our work identifies several inconsistencies and open questions related to reconciling timescales of tracer observation with conceptual processes (“parameters”) estimated within TSM. Approaching TSM with multiple models and tracer observations may be key to gaining improved insight into transient storage simulation as well as advancing feedback loops between models and observations within hydrologic science.

Published
2019

232. NMR as a tool to see proteins at work

Author

Allan, M., Cordier, F., Haeussinger, D., Jensen, P., Kahmann, J., Krause, S., Meier, S., Sass, H. J., Stetefeld, J., Barfield, M., Engel, J., Kiefhaber, T., Thompson, C., and Grzesiek, S.

Published
2004

240. Sailfish generate foraging opportunities for seabirds in multi-species predator aggregations

Author

Licht, M., Burns, A. L., Pacher, K., Krause, S., Bartashevich, P., Romanczuk, P., Hansen, M. J., Then, A. Y., and Krause, J.

Abstract

While various marine predators form associations, the most commonly studied are those between subsurface predators and seabirds, with gulls, shearwaters or terns frequently co-occurring with dolphins, billfish or tuna. However, the mechanisms underlying these associations remain poorly understood. Three hypotheses have been proposed to explain the prevalence of these associations: (1) subsurface predators herd prey to the surface and make prey accessible to birds, (2) subsurface predators damage prey close to the surface and thereby provide food scraps to birds, and (3) attacks of underwater predators lower the cohesion of prey groups and thereby their collective defences making the prey easier to be captured by birds. Using drone footage, we investigated the interaction between Indo-Pacific sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus) and terns (Onychoprionsp.) preying on schooling fish off the eastern coast of the Malaysian peninsula. Through spatio-temporal analysis of the hunting behaviour of the two predatory species and direct measures of prey cohesion we showed that terns attacked when school cohesion was low, and that this decrease in cohesion was frequently caused by sailfish attacks. Therefore, we propose that sailfish created a by-product benefit for the bird species, lending support to the hypothesis that lowering cohesion can facilitate associations between subsurface predators and seabirds.

Published
2024
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249. Silicon-Based Sensor for Flourine Gas

Author

Moritz, W., primary, Krause, S., additional, Bartholomäus, Lars, additional, Gabusjan, Tigran, additional, Vasiliev, A. A., additional, Godovski, D. Yu., additional, and Malyshev, V. V., additional

Published
1998
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