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201. The Danish contribution to the European DEMOCOPHES project: A description of cadmium, cotinine and mercury levels in Danish mother-child pairs and the perspectives of supplementary sampling and measurements

Author

Mørck, Thit A., primary, Nielsen, Flemming, additional, Nielsen, Jeanette K.S., additional, Jensen, Janne F., additional, Hansen, Pernille W., additional, Hansen, Anne K., additional, Christoffersen, Lea N., additional, Siersma, Volkert D., additional, Larsen, Ida H., additional, Hohlmann, Linette K., additional, Skaanild, Mette T., additional, Frederiksen, Hanne, additional, Biot, Pierre, additional, Casteleyn, Ludwine, additional, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, additional, Schwedler, Gerda, additional, Castaño, Argelia, additional, Angerer, Jürgen, additional, Koch, Holger M., additional, Esteban, Marta, additional, Schoeters, Greet, additional, Den Hond, Elly, additional, Exley, Karen, additional, Sepai, Ovnair, additional, Bloemen, Louis, additional, Joas, Reinhard, additional, Joas, Anke, additional, Fiddicke, Ulrike, additional, Lopez, Ana, additional, Cañas, Ana, additional, Aerts, Dominique, additional, and Knudsen, Lisbeth E., additional

Published
2015
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204. Pilot study testing a European human biomonitoring framework for biomarkers of chemical exposure in children and their mothers: experiences in the UK

Author

Exley, Karen, primary, Aerts, Dominique, additional, Biot, Pierre, additional, Casteleyn, Ludwine, additional, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, additional, Schwedler, Gerda, additional, Castaño, Argelia, additional, Angerer, Jürgen, additional, Koch, Holger M., additional, Esteban, Marta, additional, Schindler, Birgit K., additional, Schoeters, Greet, additional, Den Hond, Elly, additional, Horvat, Milena, additional, Bloemen, Louis, additional, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., additional, Joas, Reinhard, additional, Joas, Anke, additional, and Sepai, Ovnair, additional

Published
2015
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206. First Steps toward Harmonized Human Biomonitoring in Europe: Demonstration Project to Perform Human Biomonitoring on a European Scale

Author

Den Hond, Elly, primary, Govarts, Eva, additional, Willems, Hanny, additional, Smolders, Roel, additional, Casteleyn, Ludwine, additional, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, additional, Schwedler, Gerda, additional, Seiwert, Margarete, additional, Fiddicke, Ulrike, additional, Castaño, Argelia, additional, Esteban, Marta, additional, Angerer, Jürgen, additional, Koch, Holger M., additional, Schindler, Birgit K., additional, Sepai, Ovnair, additional, Exley, Karen, additional, Bloemen, Louis, additional, Horvat, Milena, additional, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., additional, Joas, Anke, additional, Joas, Reinhard, additional, Biot, Pierre, additional, Aerts, Dominique, additional, Koppen, Gudrun, additional, Katsonouri, Andromachi, additional, Hadjipanayis, Adamos, additional, Krskova, Andrea, additional, Maly, Marek, additional, Mørck, Thit A., additional, Rudnai, Peter, additional, Kozepesy, Szilvia, additional, Mulcahy, Maurice, additional, Mannion, Rory, additional, Gutleb, Arno C., additional, Fischer, Marc E., additional, Ligocka, Danuta, additional, Jakubowski, Marek, additional, Reis, M. Fátima, additional, Namorado, Sónia, additional, Gurzau, Anca Elena, additional, Lupsa, Ioana-Rodica, additional, Halzlova, Katarina, additional, Jajcaj, Michal, additional, Mazej, Darja, additional, Tratnik, Janja Snoj, additional, López, Ana, additional, Lopez, Estrella, additional, Berglund, Marika, additional, Larsson, Kristin, additional, Lehmann, Andrea, additional, Crettaz, Pierre, additional, and Schoeters, Greet, additional

Published
2015
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209. Hair mercury and urinary cadmium levels in Belgian children and their mothers within the framework of the COPHES/DEMOCOPHES projects

Author

Pirard, Catherine, Koppen, Gudrun, De Cremer, Koen, Van Overmeire, Ilse, Govarts, Eva, Dewolf, Marie-Christine, Van De Mieroop, Els, Aerts, Dominique, Biot, Pierre, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Schwedler, Gerda, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M, Schindler, Birgit K, Castaño, Argelia, Esteban, Marta, Schoeters, Greet, Den Hond, Elly, Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Horvat, Milena, Bloemen, Louis, Knudsen, Lisbeth E, Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, Van Loco, Joris, Charlier, Corinne, Pirard, Catherine, Koppen, Gudrun, De Cremer, Koen, Van Overmeire, Ilse, Govarts, Eva, Dewolf, Marie-Christine, Van De Mieroop, Els, Aerts, Dominique, Biot, Pierre, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Schwedler, Gerda, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M, Schindler, Birgit K, Castaño, Argelia, Esteban, Marta, Schoeters, Greet, Den Hond, Elly, Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Horvat, Milena, Bloemen, Louis, Knudsen, Lisbeth E, Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, Van Loco, Joris, and Charlier, Corinne

Abstract

A harmonized human biomonitoring pilot study was set up within the frame of the European projects DEMOCOPHES and COPHES. In 17 European countries, biomarkers of some environmental pollutants, including urinary cadmium and hair mercury, were measured in children and their mothers in order to obtain European-wide comparison values on these chemicals. The Belgian participant population consisted in 129 school children (6-11 years) and their mothers (≤ 45 years) living in urban or rural areas of Belgium. The geometric mean levels for mercury in hair were 0.383 μg/g and 0.204 μg/g for respectively mothers and children. Cadmium in mother's and children's urine was detected at a geometric mean concentration of respectively 0.21 and 0.04 μg/l. For both biomarkers, levels measured in the mothers and their child were correlated. While the urinary cadmium levels increased with age, no trend was found for hair mercury content, except the fact that mothers hold higher levels than children. The hair mercury content increased significantly with the number of dental amalgam fillings, explaining partially the higher levels in the mothers by their higher presence rate of these amalgams compared to children. Fish or seafood consumption was the other main parameter determining the mercury levels in hair. No relationship was found between smoking status and cadmium or mercury levels, but the studied population included very few smokers. Urinary cadmium levels were higher in both mothers and children living in urban areas, while for mercury this difference was only significant for children. Our small population showed urinary cadmium and hair mercury levels lower than the health based guidelines suggested by the WHO or the JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives). Only 1% had cadmium level slightly higher than the German HBM-I value (1 μg/l for adults), and 9% exceeded the 1 μg mercury/g hair suggested by the US EPA.

Published
2014

210. Mercury exposure in Ireland:results of the DEMOCOPHES human biomonitoring study

Author

Cullen, Elizabeth, Evans, David S, Davidson, Fred, Burke, Padraig, Burns, Damien, Flanagan, Andrew, Griffin, Chris, Kellegher, Anne, Mannion, Rory, Mulcahy, Maurice, Ryan, Michael, Biot, Pierre, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Castaño, Argelia, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M, Esteban, Marta, Schindler, Birgit K, Navarro, Carmen, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Fiddicke, Ulrike, Schoeters, Greet, Hond, Elly Den, Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Bloemen, Louis, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, Aerts, Dominique, Cullen, Elizabeth, Evans, David S, Davidson, Fred, Burke, Padraig, Burns, Damien, Flanagan, Andrew, Griffin, Chris, Kellegher, Anne, Mannion, Rory, Mulcahy, Maurice, Ryan, Michael, Biot, Pierre, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Castaño, Argelia, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M, Esteban, Marta, Schindler, Birgit K, Navarro, Carmen, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Fiddicke, Ulrike, Schoeters, Greet, Hond, Elly Den, Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Bloemen, Louis, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, and Aerts, Dominique

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Monitoring of human exposure to mercury is important due to its adverse health effects. This study aimed to determine the extent of mercury exposure among mothers and their children in Ireland, and to identify factors associated with elevated levels. It formed part of the Demonstration of a study to Coordinate and Perform Human Biomonitoring on a European Scale (DEMOCOPHES) pilot biomonitoring study.METHODS: Hair mercury concentrations were determined from a convenience sample of 120 mother/child pairs. Mothers also completed a questionnaire. Rigorous quality assurance within DEMOCOPHES guaranteed the accuracy and international comparability of results.RESULTS: Mercury was detected in 79.2% of the samples from mothers, and 62.5% of children's samples. Arithmetic mean levels in mothers (0.262 µg/g hair) and children (0.149 µg /g hair) did not exceed the US EPA guidance value. Levels were significantly higher for those with higher education, and those who consumed more fish.CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates the benefit of human biomonitoring for assessing and comparing internal exposure levels, both on a population and an individual basis. It enables the potential harmful impact of mercury to be minimised in those highly exposed, and can therefore significantly contribute to population health.

Published
2014

211. A systematic approach for designing a HBM Pilot Study for Europe

Author

Becker, Kerstin, Seiwert, Margarete, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, Biot, Pierre, Aerts, Dominique, Castaño, Argelia, Esteban, Marta, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M, Schoeters, Greet, Den Hond, Elly, Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Horvat, Milena, Bloemen, Louis, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Becker, Kerstin, Seiwert, Margarete, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, Biot, Pierre, Aerts, Dominique, Castaño, Argelia, Esteban, Marta, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M, Schoeters, Greet, Den Hond, Elly, Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Horvat, Milena, Bloemen, Louis, and Kolossa-Gehring, Marike

Abstract

The objective of COPHES (Consortium to Perform Human biomonitoring on a European Scale) was to develop a harmonised approach to conduct human biomonitoring on a European scale. COPHES developed a systematic approach for designing and conducting a pilot study for an EU-wide cross-sectional human biomonitoring (HBM) study and for the implementation of the fieldwork procedures. The approach gave the basis for discussion of the main aspects of study design and conduct, and provided a decision making tool which can be applied to many other studies. Each decision that had to be taken was listed in a table of options with their advantages and disadvantages. Based on this the rationale of the decisions could be explained and be transparent. This was important because an EU-wide HBM study demands openness of all decisions taken to encourage as many countries as possible to participate and accept the initiative undertaken. Based on this approach the following study design was suggested: a cross-sectional study including 120 children aged 6-11 years and their mothers aged up to 45 years from each participating country. For the pilot study the children should be sampled in equal shares in an urban and a rural location. Only healthy children and mothers (no metabolic disturbances) should be included, who have a sufficient knowledge of the local language and have been living at least for 5 years at the sampling location. Occupational exposure should not be an exclusion criterion. Recruitment should be performed via inhabitant registries or schools as an alternative option. Measures suitable to increase the response rate should be applied. Preferably, the families should be visited at home and interviewed face-to-face. Various quality control measures to guarantee a good fieldwork performance were recommended. This comprehensive overview aims to provide scientists, EU officials, partners and stakeholders involved in the EU implementation process full transparency of the work carri

Published
2014

218. Oxidatively damaged guanosine in white blood cells and in urine of welders: associations with exposure to welding fumes and body iron stores

Author

Pesch, Beate, primary, Lotz, Anne, additional, Koch, Holger M., additional, Marczynski, Boleslaw, additional, Casjens, Swaantje, additional, Käfferlein, Heiko U., additional, Welge, Peter, additional, Lehnert, Martin, additional, Heinze, Evelyn, additional, Van Gelder, Rainer, additional, Hahn, Jens-Uwe, additional, Behrens, Thomas, additional, Raulf, Monika, additional, Hartwig, Andrea, additional, Weiss, Tobias, additional, and Brüning, Thomas, additional

Published
2014
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221. A systematic approach for designing a HBM Pilot Study for Europe

Author

Becker, Kerstin, primary, Seiwert, Margarete, additional, Casteleyn, Ludwine, additional, Joas, Reinhard, additional, Joas, Anke, additional, Biot, Pierre, additional, Aerts, Dominique, additional, Castaño, Argelia, additional, Esteban, Marta, additional, Angerer, Jürgen, additional, Koch, Holger M., additional, Schoeters, Greet, additional, Hond, Elly Den, additional, Sepai, Ovnair, additional, Exley, Karen, additional, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., additional, Horvat, Milena, additional, Bloemen, Louis, additional, and Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, additional

Published
2014
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223. Hair mercury and urinary cadmium levels in Belgian children and their mothers within the framework of the COPHES/DEMOCOPHES projects

Author

Pirard, Catherine, primary, Koppen, Gudrun, additional, De Cremer, Koen, additional, Van Overmeire, Ilse, additional, Govarts, Eva, additional, Dewolf, Marie-Christine, additional, Van De Mieroop, Els, additional, Aerts, Dominique, additional, Biot, Pierre, additional, Casteleyn, Ludwine, additional, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, additional, Schwedler, Gerda, additional, Angerer, Jürgen, additional, Koch, Holger M., additional, Schindler, Birgit K., additional, Castaño, Argelia, additional, Esteban, Marta, additional, Schoeters, Greet, additional, Den Hond, Elly, additional, Sepai, Ovnair, additional, Exley, Karen, additional, Horvat, Milena, additional, Bloemen, Louis, additional, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., additional, Joas, Reinhard, additional, Joas, Anke, additional, Van Loco, Joris, additional, and Charlier, Corinne, additional

Published
2014
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224. Sources of Variability in Biomarker Concentrations

Author

Aylward, Lesa L., primary, Hays, Sean M., additional, Smolders, Roel, additional, Koch, Holger M., additional, Cocker, John, additional, Jones, Kate, additional, Warren, Nicholas, additional, Levy, Len, additional, and Bevan, Ruth, additional

Published
2014
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226. Misuse of blood serum to assess exposure to bisphenol A and phthalates

Author

Calafat, Antonia M, primary, Koch, Holger M, additional, Swan, Shanna H, additional, Hauser, Russ, additional, Goldman, Lynn R, additional, Lanphear, Bruce P, additional, Longnecker, Matthew P, additional, Rudel, Ruthann A, additional, Teitelbaum, Susan L, additional, Whyatt, Robin M, additional, and Wolff, Mary S, additional

Published
2013
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250. Linking a dermal permeation and an inhalation model to a simple pharmacokinetic model to study airborne exposure to di(n-butyl) phthalate

Author

Lorber, Matthew, Weschler, Charles J, Morrison, Glenn, Bekö, Gabriel, Gong, Mengyan, Koch, Holger M, Salthammer, Tunga, Schripp, Tobias, Toftum, Jørn, and Clausen, Geo

Abstract

Six males clad only in shorts were exposed to high levels of airborne di(n-butyl) phthalate (DnBP) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) in chamber experiments conducted in 2014. In two 6 h sessions, the subjects were exposed only dermally while breathing clean air from a hood, and both dermally and via inhalation when exposed without a hood. Full urine samples were taken before, during, and for 48 h after leaving the chamber and measured for key DnBP and DEP metabolites. The data clearly demonstrated high levels of DnBP and DEP metabolite excretions while in the chamber and during the first 24 h once leaving the chamber under both conditions. The data for DnBP were used in a modeling exercise linking dose models for inhalation and transdermal permeation with a simple pharmacokinetic model that predicted timing and mass of metabolite excretions. These models were developed and calibrated independent of these experiments. Tests included modeling of the “hood-on” (transdermal penetration only), “hood-off” (both inhalation and transdermal) scenarios, and a derived “inhalation-only” scenario. Results showed that the linked model tended to duplicate the pattern of excretion with regard to timing of peaks, decline of concentrations over time, and the ratio of DnBP metabolites. However, the transdermal model tended to overpredict penetration of DnBP such that predictions of metabolite excretions were between 1.1 and 4.5 times higher than the cumulative excretion of DnBP metabolites over the 54 h of the simulation. A similar overprediction was not seen for the “inhalation-only” simulations. Possible explanations and model refinements for these overpredictions are discussed. In a demonstration of the linked model designed to characterize general population exposures to typical airborne indoor concentrations of DnBP in the United States, it was estimated that up to one-quarter of total exposures could be due to inhalation and dermal uptake.

Published
2017
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