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38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 486-489, Four-terminal (4-terminal) tandem perovskite-silicon solar cells (PSC/c-Si) were manufactured and studied. Semitransparent PSCs with the device architecture of glass/FTO/c- TiO2/MO2/CH3NH3PbI3/PTAA/PEDOT:PSS/FTO/glass (M = Zr, Hf) were prepared and used as top solar cells. To fabricate the PSCs nanostructured metal oxides with very large bandgap (Eg > 5 eV), such as ZrO2 and HfO2, were used as photoelectrodes. A comparative analysis of photovoltaic parameters for the top PSCs, the bottom crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells and PSC/c-Si tandem systems was performed. We have demonstrated that the application of very large-bandgap materials allows to improve the performance of the PSCs and to increase the efficiency of PSC/c-Si tandem solar cell under different illumination conditions. The performance of 4-terminal PSC/c-Si tandem solar cell at low irradiation level of 15 W/m2 has shown a 4-times increase in comparison with a standalone c-Si solar cell.

The major problem in bone tissue engineering is the development of scaffolds which can simultaneously meet the requirements of porous structure, as well as have the ability to guide the regeneration of damaged tissue by biological fixation. Composites containing biodegradable matrix and bioactive filler are the new hope in this research field. Herein we employed a simple and facile solvent casting particulate-leaching method for producing polylactide acid/hydroxyapatite (PLA/HA) composites at room temperature. FT-IR analysis confirmed the existence of necessary functional groups associated with the PLA/HA composite, whereas energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectra indicated the uniform distribution of hydroxyapatite particles in the polymer matrix. The beehive-like surface morphology of the composites revealed the presence of macropores, ranged from 300 to 400 &mu, m, whereas the thickness of the pores was noticed to be 1&ndash, 2 &mu, m. The total porosity of the scaffolds, calculated by hydrostatic weighing, was found to be 79%. The water contact angle of pure PLA was decreased from 83.6 &plusmn, 1.91&deg, to 62.4 &plusmn, 4.17&deg, due to the addition of hydroxyapatite in the polymer matrix. Thus, the wettability of the polymeric biomaterial could be increased by preparing their composites with hydroxyapatite. The adhesion of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells over the surface of PLA/HA scaffolds was 3.2 times (p = 0.03) higher than the pure PLA sample. Subcutaneous implantation in mice demonstrated a good tolerance of all tested porous scaffolds and widespread ingrowth of tissue into the implant pores. HA-containing scaffolds showed a less pronounced inflammatory response after two weeks of implantation compared to pure PLA. These observations suggest that PLA/HA composites have enormous potential for hard tissue engineering and restoring maxillofacial defects.

Antibacterial lysins are enzymes that hydrolyze bacterial peptidoglycan, which results in the rapid death of bacterial cells due to osmotic lysis. Lysostaphin is one of the most potent and well-studied lysins active against important nosocomial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Similarly to most other lysins, lysostaphin is composed of enzymatic and peptidoglycan-binding domains, and both domains influence its antibacterial activity. It is thus desirable to be able to study the activity of both domains independently. Lysostaphin cleaves pentaglycine cross-bridges within the staphylococcal peptidoglycan. Here, we report the protocol to study the catalytic activity of lysostaphin on the isolated pentaglycine peptide that is based on the chromogenic reaction of peptide amino groups with ninhydrin. Unlike previously reported assays, this protocol does not require in-house chemical synthesis or specialized equipment and can be readily performed in most laboratories. We demonstrate the use of this protocol to study the effect of EDTA treatment on the lysostaphin enzymatic activity. We further used this protocol to determine the catalytic efficiency of lysostaphin on the isolated pentaglycine and compared it to the apparent catalytic efficiency on the whole staphylococcal cells. These results highlight the relative impact of enzymatic and peptidoglycan-binding domains of lysostaphin on its bacteriolytic activity.

Today’s development of information technology affects all sectors of the economy, including healthcare. The works of domestic specialists reveal various aspects of health care informatization. As is known, the country’s leadership has identified the creation of a uniform digital healthcare circuit as a priority area for the development of digital healthcare. This digital circuit is intended to ensure the interaction of medical information systems of all healthcare players, improve the accessibility and quality of medical services to the population of Russian regions. As part of the implementation of the Uniform State Health Information System, creation of medical information systems of health maintenance organizations, various user services are being developed and implemented. These services are mainly focused on improving the availability of healthcare. At the same time, the use of feedback services is often inconsistent. Due to the specified circumstances, the problem of increase of level of information exchange between the insured persons and the public health system players remains relevant and requires the development of corresponding design solutions.

The spread of bacterial strains resistant to commonly used antibiotics urges the development of novel antibacterial compounds. Ideally, these novel antimicrobials should be less prone to the development of resistance. Peptidoglycan-degrading enzymes are a promising class of compounds with a fundamentally different mode of action compared to traditionally used antibiotics. The difference in the mechanism of action implies differences both in the mechanisms of resistance and the chances of its emergence. To critically assess the potential of resistance development to peptidoglycan-degrading enzymes, we review the available evidence for the development of resistance to these enzymes

Since cell nucleus is one of the most vulnerable compartments, the maximum therapeutic effect from a variety of locally acting agents, such as photosensitizers, alfa-emitters, Auger electron emitters, will be expected when they get there. Therefore, the targeted delivery of these agents into the nuclei of target tumor cells is necessary for their anticancer effects and minimization of side effects. Modular nanotransporters (MNT) are artificial polypeptides comprising several predefined modules that recognize target cell, launching their subsequent internalization, escape from endosomes, and transport the drug load to the nucleus. This technology significantly enhances the cytotoxicity of locally acting drugs in vitro and in vivo. Epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) are useful molecular targets as they are overexpressed in glioblastoma, head-and-neck cancer, bladder cancer, and other malignancies. Here, we examined the possibility of using internalizable anti-EGFR affibody as an EGFR-targeting MNT module for drug transport into the cancer cell nuclei. It binds to both murine and human EGFR facilitating preclinical studies. We showed that MNT with affibody on the N-terminus (MNTN-affibody) effectively delivered the Auger electron emitter 111In to target cell nuclei and had pronounced cytotoxic efficacy against EGFR-overexpressing human A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells. Using EGFR-expressing human adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells, we demonstrated that in contrast to MNT with N-terminal epidermal growth factor (EGF), MNTN-affibody and MNT with EGF on the C-terminus did not stimulate cancer cell proliferation.

37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 750-753, A series of nanostructured layered photoelectrodes based on Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 (Zr:Y) with varied Y2O3 concentration was prepared and used for constructing perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The structural, optical and energy characteristics of the photoelectrodes were investigated. The studies of the photovoltaic (PV) performance for the PSCs with different types of Zr:Y photoelectrodes and the device architecture of FTO/cTiO2/Zr:Y/CH3NH3PbI3/PTAA/PEDOT:PSS/FTO were provided. The results obtained demonstrate a possibility of PV application of the nanostructured oxide materials with a very wide bandgap exceeding 5 eV. The prepared devices were used for constructing of four-terminal tandem PSC/c-Si solar cell, in which PSC was used as a top sub-cell. By tuning the optical and structural parameters of Zr:Y photoelectrodes we have found the optimal parameters of tandem PSC/cSi solar cell for reaching the best performance under AM.1.5G illumination conditions.

The model problem of sedimentation of a solid spherical particle in a viscous fluid bordering two solid planar surfaces is considered. To find the solution of the hydrodynamic equations in the approximation of small Reynolds numbers with boundary conditions on a particle and on two planes, a procedure developed for numerical simulation of the dynamics of a large number of particles in a viscous fluid with one plane wall is used. The procedure involves usage of fictive particles located symmetrically to real ones with respect to the plane. To solve the problem of the real particle’s sedimentation in the presence of two planes, a system of fictive particles is introduced. An approximate solution was found using four fictive particles. Basing on this solution, numerical results are obtained on dynamics of particle deposition for the cases of planes oriented parallel and perpendicular to each other. In particular, the values of linear and angular velocities of a particle are found, depending on the distance to each plane and on the direction of gravity. In the limiting case, when one of the planes is infinitely far from the particle, we obtain known results on the dynamics of particle sedimentation along and perpendicular to one plane.

Growth factor incorporation in biomedical constructs for their local delivery enables specific pharmacological effects such as the induction of cell growth and differentiation. This has enabled a promising way to improve the tissue regeneration process. However, it remains challenging to identify an appropriate approach that provides effective growth factor loading into biomedical constructs with their following release kinetics in a prolonged manner. In the present work, we performed a systematic study, which explores the optimal strategy of growth factor incorporation into sub-micrometric-sized CaCO3 core-shell particles (CSPs) and hollow silica particles (SiPs). These carriers were immobilized onto the surface of the polymer scaffolds based on polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) with and without reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in its structure to examine the functionality of incorporated growth factors. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and ErythroPOietin (EPO) as growth factor models were included into CSPs and SiPs using different entrapping strategies, namely, physical adsorption, coprecipitation technique, and freezing-induced loading method. It was shown that the loading efficiency, release characteristics, and bioactivity of incorporated growth factors strongly depend on the chosen strategy of their incorporation into delivery systems. Overall, we demonstrated that the combination of scaffolds with drug delivery systems containing growth factors has great potential in the field of tissue regeneration compared with individual scaffolds.

The article reveals the origin of Wing Chun martial art, its technical foundations, methodological recommendations for the technical training of athletes.

The synthesis of the Ln 6 MoO 12 (Ln = Sm, Ho - Yb) (3:1) rare-earth molybdates from binary oxides at room temperature has been studied by XRD and electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR). The mechanical activation of 3Ln 2 O 3 + MoO 3 (Ln = Sm, Ho, Yb) mixtures containing unmilled or premilled MoO 3 initiates the formation of Ln 6 MoO 12 (Ln = Sm, Ho - Yb) at room temperature, which is accompanied by a reduction in the ESR signal from Mo 5+ paramagnetic ions located on the surface of the activated MoO 3 and, hence, by a reduction in the amount of MoO 3 in the mixture, due to reaction with Ln 2 O 3 (Ln = Sm, Ho, Yb)·The major phase resulting from the mechanochemical synthesis is a cubic phase with the bixbyite structure ( Ia¯3, no. 206) for Ln 6−x MoO 12−δ (Ln = Dy –Yb; x = 0, 0.5) and the Sm 2 O 3 type structure ( C 2/m, no. 12) for Ln 6 MoO 12 (Ln = Gd, Sm). The high-temperature synthesis of Ln 6−x MoO 12−δ (Ln = Ho – Yb; x = 0, 0.5) and Ho 10 Mo 2 O 21 from precursors prepared at room temperature has been studied at 1200 °C and heat treatment times of 4, 40, 80, and 160 h. The bixbyite phase disappears because it is metastable and is formed due to kinetic factors in the stability field of lower symmetry phases: tetragonal (T) and rhombohedral ( R 3 ¯ ). We have located the stability range of the rhombohedral ( R 3 ¯ ) phase as a function of Ln below 1200 °C using different heating time. We have found conditions for the synthesis of the tetragonal phase T, which exists only in the case of the intermediate lanthanides. The tetragonal phase in phase-pure form has been synthesized for the first time via prolonged (160 h) heat treatment of Ho 10 Mo 2 O 21 at 1200 °C. The electrical conductivity of the samples with different % of tetragonal phase has been measured by impedance spectroscopy in dry and wet air. The Arrhenius plot of conductivity for pure tetragonal phase has the form of straight line over the entire temperature range studied, 440–900 °C (Е а = 1.37 eV, σ 600°C = 1 × 10 −5 S cm −1 ) in dry and wet air. The absence of electrode dispersions at low frequencies and conductivity growth in a wet air makes us assume the predominantly electronic conductivity type of the Ho 10 Mo 2 O 21 tetragonal phase in the temperature range 440–900 °C. In multiphase samples surface electronic conductivity is observed up to 620–650 °С in wet air, which is associated with the presence of defects at grain boundaries of crystallographically related phases (bixbyite, rhombohedral and tetragonal phases).

Introduction. The question of the most adequate treatment strategy of AML in cases when it is impossible to perform allogeneic HSCT because of any reason still remains open. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term survival of patients with AML who received chemotherapy (CT) or autologous HSCT as consolidation in the first remission of the disease. It was included 135 patients aged 18 to 67 years, with a verified diagnosis of AML (except FAB M3) in the study. Of these, 100 patients received only CT, 35 patients received consolidation with autologous bone marrow transplantation. Patients who achieved remission after completion of induction CT courses received one of three treatment options as consolidation: 1) chemotherapy of standard-intensity (sCT), 2) high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT), 3) autologous HSCT (autoHSCT) conducted after 1–2 courses of high-dose CT. Adverse prognostic factors were identified as: age over 40 years, hyperleucocytosis more than 50,0 × 10 9/L and unfavorable cytogenetic and molecular-biological risk group. Materials and methods. Depending on the number of prognostic factors at the onset of disease relapse-free survival (RFS) was 47 % in their absence, 45 % in the presence of 1 factor, in the presence of 2 factors – 14 % (p = 0,000), regardless of the variant of consolidation therapy (sCT, HDCT, autoHSCT). A high level of white blood cells adversely affects OS (38 % vs. 22 %) and increases the frequency of relapse (52 % vs. 69 %) when performing only CT (sCT and HDCT). At initial white blood cells level more than 50,0 × 10 9/L the 5-year OS was 60 % when performing both autoHSCT and HDCT. Performance of autoHSCT at failure to achieve remission after the 1st induction course CT is associated with the best 2-year OS (62 % vs. 35 %, p = 0,05), EFS (50 % vs. 22 %, p = 0,05) and RFS (50 % vs. 37 %, p = 0,05) in comparison with HDCT and sCT. In favorable cytogenetic risk group 5-year RFS was 80 % when performing autoHSCT and 67 % when performing HDCT; the 5-year OS was 80 % regardless of consolidation therapy option. Conclusion. AutoHSCT is the preferred consolidation option in favorable risk group patients, and after failure to achieve remission after the 1st CT course.

The tolerance factor is a good criterion to understand the structural transitions in Ln2-xCaxScMO7-δ (Ln = La, Sm, Ho, Yb; M = Nb, Ta; x = 0, 0.05, 0.1). Decreasing the Ln ionic radius in Ln2ScNb(Ta)O7 leads to a morphotropic transition from a pyrochlore to a fluorite-like structure. Ca2+-doping leads to a pyrochlore-to-fluorite transition in Ln2-xCaxScMO7-δ (Ln = La, Sm) and a fluorite-to-pyrochlore transition in Ho2-xCaxScNbO7-δ. Proton contribution to the total conductivity was observed for Ln2-xCaxScNb(Ta)O7-δ (Ln = La, Sm; x = 0, 0.05, 0.1) 3+/5+ pyrochlores and the maximum proton contribution was shown by Sm1.9Ca0.1ScMO6.95 (M = Nb, Ta), which are located at the boundary between pyrochlores and fluorites (comparative study of electrical conduction and oxygen diffusion). Proton conduction of Sm1.9Ca0.1ScNbO6.95 and Sm1.9Ca0.1ScTaO6.95 pyrochlores persists up to 800 and 850 °C, respectively. The conductivity of fluorite-like Ho2-xCaxScNbO7-δ (x = 0, 0.05) and Yb2ScNbO7 is dominated by the oxygen ion transport, in accordance with their energy activation values 1.09-1.19 eV. The dielectric permittivity and TG studies were used for the investigation of oxygen vacancy dynamics and water incorporation into the Ln2-xCaxScNb(Ta)O7-δ (Ln = La, Sm, Ho, Yb; x = 0, 0.05, 0.1) lattice. It is shown that oxygen vacancy-related dielectric relaxation in the range of 550-650 °C (ambient air), typical of pyrochlores and fluorites with pure oxygen ion conductivity, decreases and disappears for proton-conducting oxides.

In this paper we reflect on the creative legacy of F.Ye. Vasilyuk. Understanding psychotherapy, considered as a multi-level psychotechnical system; educational projects; organizational, publishing and other activities of Fyodor Vasilyuk in the field of psychological counselling and psychotherapy — all can be thought of as an integral whole, as a multidimensional solution to the problem of the schism in academic psychology and psychological practice. Here we trace the following three lines in Vasilyuk’s work: from practice to science, from science to practice, and the line of integrating science and practice in education. The first line, “from practice to science”, is analyzed (by V.K. Zaretsky) in relation to how understanding psychotherapy has enriched the Russian tradition of exploring thinking through solving creative tasks. The second line, “from practice to science”, is reviewed (by T.D. Kryagina) in the context of studies of empathy in cultural-historical psychology and their impacts on the development of understanding psychotherapy and educational process. In the “education” line, A.B. Kholmogorova presents a brief outline of the history of the first ever Russian social institution for training qualified practical psychologists.

ZrO2/Y2O3 nanoparticles containing 0, 3, and 10 mol % Y2O3 were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. The structural and optoelectronic properties of the nanoparticles were studied using appropriate measurement techniques. From the synthesized ZrO2–Y2O3 nanostructured systems, electron-conductive thin-film photoelectrodes were fabricated and used to develop perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with the device configuration glass/FTO/ZrO2–Y2O3/CH3NH3PbI3/Spiro-MeO-TAD/Au. Comparative study of the PSC photovoltaic characteristics under 1000 W/m2 illumination (AM1.5G) has shown that the devices based on ZrO2–Y2O3 photoelectrodes exhibit a higher power conversion efficiency than the PSC based on undoped ZrO2 photoelectrodes.