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Background: Among all professions, teaching is significantly affected by psycho-social risks with approximately 33.33% of educators reporting work-related fatigue. Suggestopedia, an effective pedagogical approach developed in Bulgaria, claims to induce positive psychological and cognitive benefits in both teachers and students. In order to gather scientific evidence, given the above statement, we designed a methodology to detect fatigue in Suggestopedia teachers based on neurocognitive analysis and psychological assessment. Methods: An increase in the EEG theta and alpha band powers is considered among the most reliable markers of fatigue. The proposed methodology introduces a robust framework for fatigue analysis. Initially, the changes in EEG band powers using the resting state EEG activity before and after teaching are measured. Subsequently, validated psychological questionnaires are used to gain subjective feedback on fatigue. The study participants include a control group (traditional teachers) and the test group (suggestopedia teachers) to assess whether suggestopedia practice mitigates fatigue among teachers. Observations: In a pilot study, the EEG data was analyzed by evaluating the interrelations between EEG bands and the alpha–beta ratio. The results of the proposed study are expected to provide comprehensive analysis for the fatigue levels of teachers. In future research, our goal is to position the described methodology as a robust approach for evaluating cognitive and emotional states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major challenge in lung transplantation often causing graft dysfunction and chronic airway illnesses in recipients. To prevent potential transplant related complications, strict guidelines were put in place to choose viable donor lungs with minimal risk of IRI. These regulations deem most of the donor organs unfit for transplant which then are donated for research to understand the mechanisms of health and diseases in human. However, resected organs that are being transported undergo cold ischemia that can negatively affect the tissue architecture and other cellular functions under study. Thus, it is important to assess how cold ischemia time (CIT) affects the physiological mechanism. In this respect, we are interested in studying how CIT affects cellular senescence in normal aging and various pulmonary pathologies. We thus hypothesized that prolonged CIT exhibits cell-type specific changes in lung cellular senescence in mice. Methods: Lung lobes from C57BL/6J (n = 5–8) mice were harvested and stored in UW Belzer cold storage solution for 0, 4-, 9-, 12-, 24-, and 48-h CIT. Lung cellular senescence was determined using fluorescence (C12FdG) assay and co-immunolabelling was performed to identify changes in individual cell types. Results: We found a rapid decline in the overall lung cellular senescence after 4-h of CIT in our study. Co-immunolabelling revealed the endothelial cells to be most affected by cold ischemia, demonstrating significant decrease in the endothelial cell senescence immediately after harvest. Annexin V-PI staining further revealed a prominent increase in the number of necrotic cells at 4-h CIT, thus suggesting that most of the cells undergo cell death within a few hours of cold ischemic injury. Conclusions: We thus concluded that CIT significantly lowers the cellular senescence in lung tissues and must be considered as a confounding factor for mechanistic studies in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: High‐risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are an established cause of oropharyngeal cancer. Their relationship with oral cancer remains unclear with detection ranging from 0% to 100%. HPV DNA detection or evidence of exposure alone is insufficient to conclude causality. This systematic review assesses the extent of bias in studies of HPV detection in cancers of the oral cavity. Methods: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycInfo databases were searched for observational studies reporting the effect of HPV in oral cavity specific cancers. Results: All 15 included studies presented HPV DNA detection or serum HPV‐antibodies, none included mRNA E6/E7 analysis. Cases with oral cancer had 5.36 times (95% CI 3.29–8.72) higher odds of having HPV detected compared to controls. The odds of HPV detection were higher in cell‐based (OR 6.93; 95% CI 0.82–58.55) and tissue samples (OR 5.28; 95% CI 3.41–8.18) than blood‐based samples (OR 3.36; 95% CI 1.53–7.40). Conclusion: When cancer site is clearly differentiated between oropharynx and oral cavity, 12 studies showed strong association between HPV and oral cancer, but the available estimates lack internal validity due to inconsistent measurements, high confounding, and lack of gold standard testing. There is not high‐quality evidence to conclude a causal relationship of HPV with oral cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mitochondria, known as the “powerhouse of the cell”, plays an important role in the occurrence of multiple diseases and disorders. Mitochondria are believed to come into existence from the synergistic relationship between the proto-eukaryotic and primitive prokaryotic efficient by oxidative phosphorylation. It is the major hub of Adenosine Tri Phosphate production through the implementation of oxidative phosphorylation. It is the processing unit of the “Electron transport chain”. Mitochondria is useful in dealing with various cancers, cardiovascular problems, fatty-acid oxidation disorders, and several kinds of tumours and also several cancers.

Academic burnout reflects a psychological syndrome that includes emotional depletion, depersonalization, and a decreasing sense of accomplishment among individuals. It is not only confined to a particular country but it is a matter of global concern that bothers students at all levels of education. An individual is unable to focus on academic and non-academic activities or tasks and is sometimes more prone to illness or health issues due to stress and fatigue. This paper studied the comparative analysis of Academic Burnout in relation to their Gender and Locale of undergraduate students. The objectives are to study the level of academic burnout among college students and find out the difference in the academic burnout among college students with regard to their gender and locale. The sample comprised of 1320 undergraduate students of Punjab State. Tools used were The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory - Student Version. The findings of the study revealed that there does not exists significant difference in academic burnout on the basis of gender and locale among college students.

Neurological disease is a disorder of the nervous system. It may be associated with the central nervous system or peripheral nervous system. Neurological problems are disorders of specific neurons or loss of neurons with their structural or functional impairment. The specific reason for neurological diseases may be genetic defects, congenital disorders, infections, and environmental health issues. No doubt, there are various well-known synthetic medications are available for the treatment of neurological disorders but they exert many toxicities and ADRs (Adverse Drug Reactions). The identification of compelling and promising molecules may provide a miracle if they can halt the development of neurodegenerative diseases. So, drugs from plant origin are required to be discovered to replace these chemically synthesized drugs as the safety profile of these natural phytoconstituents is wider enough even at their higher doses. This article reviews the therapeutic potential of plant-derived medicines, which possess potential therapeutic effects against various neurological diseases such as Epilepsy, Huntington’s disease (HD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Multiple sclerosis (MS), Depression, and Anxiety. Herbs used in these diseases are matrine, physostigmine, caffeine, morphine, berberine, galantamine, piperine, and other alkaloids. These alkaloids act positively by several mechanisms like dopaminergic and nicotine agonist, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor, NMDA antagonist, inhibitors of α-synuclein aggregation, anti-oxidant, MAO inhibitors, and anti- amyloid agents to ameliorate pathophysiology of neurological diseases. Dur to their therapeutic impact they are now available in market but opportunities exist to overcome technological challenges.