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Aspects of the pollination biology and floral characteristics of Solanum caavurana Vell. Were investigated in a semidecidual seasonal forest fragment in Paraná, Brazil. Anthesis was diurnal and the Pseudaugochlora bees have visited the flowers with more frequency than other species. Sepals and petals had homogeneous parenchymatous mesophyll. The young anther wall was composed of epidermis, two or three layers of endothecium, two middle layers and secretory tapetum. Anthers were poricidal and there was no functional longitudinal stomium. Ovary structure was simple and there was compitum with septum split. Ovules were hemicampylotropous, unitegmic and tenuinucellate with hypostase. The flower of S. caavurana followed the Solanum pattern described in the literature, and the pollination should be made by bees.

Background and Aim: Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is predominantly an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory ocular disease that is commonly diagnosed in dogs. This study aimed to compare the conventional use of topical immunosuppressant tacrolimus 0.03% eye drops and a new therapy injectable homologous platelet-rich plasma (HPRP) into the third eyelid gland and inferior and superior palpebral conjunctiva of dogs with KCS. Materials and Methods: A total of 66 eyes from 33 dogs were evaluated. The eyes were divided into three equal groups: Negative control group, tacrolimus group (TG), and homologous platelet-rich plasma group (HPRPG). The animals were evaluated using the Schirmer's tear test-1 (STT-1), osmolarity test (OT), strip meniscometry test (SMT), tear film break-up test (TBUT), fluorescein test, lissamine green test (LGT), and cytological and histopathological analyses. Results: In TG, there was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the STT-1 and SMT values, and goblet cell count in the palpebral conjunctiva by the end of the study. In HPRPG, 36% (four dogs) received three applications, 55% (six dogs) received two applications, and 9% (one dog) received one application before the initial ocular signs improved. There was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the lymphocyte and neutrophil counts of the palpebral conjunctiva in HPRPG than in TG. Both groups showed equivalent improvements in TBUT, OT, and LGT values. Conclusion: Tacrolimus 0.03% eye drops were more efficient than HPRP in increasing tear production and the number of goblet cells. However, injectable HPRP was more efficient than tacrolimus in decreasing the number of conjunctival inflammatory cells. Treatment with injectable HPRP requires an average of two to three applications, is safe and feasible, and can be used as a cheaper alternative or as an adjuvant to conventional treatment with topical immunosuppressants.

Globalmente, cerca de 2,2 bilhões de pessoas possuem algum tipo de deficiência visual. Em um mundo cercado e priorizado por informações visuais, o comprometimento da visão pode acarretar em dificuldades no desenvolvimento pleno do indivíduo. Na educação, encontra-se uma carência de recursos táteis, o que dificulta o processo de aprendizagem desses indivíduos. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo teve como objetivo apresentar a aplicação da ferramenta displacement map para a conversão de imagens bidimensionais em tridimensionais no desenvolvimento de recursos assistivos para auxílio à educação inclusiva para Pessoas com Deficiência Visual (PDV). Para tanto, a pesquisa foi dividida em duas fases, são elas: fase 1 (compreensão), que consistiu na realização do referencial teórico; enquanto a fase 2 (aplicação), se refere a parte prática da pesquisa. Esta etapa foi guiada pelo GODP – Guia de Orientação para Desenvolvimento de Projetos. Inicialmente, buscou-se compreender as demandas de uma instituição que atende PDV, os passos seguintes estão relacionados com a realizações dos testes, tanto com o displacement map, quanto com a impressão 3D. Por fim, foram realizadas avaliações com os usuários para validar a utilização da ferramenta. A partir disso, evidenciou-se que o displacement possui potencial para agilizar a modelagem tridimensional de recursos educacionais através da conversão automática de imagens bidimensionais em tridimensionais. Assim, pode-se concluir que a materialização dos modelos gerados a partir do displacement possibilitou que usuários compreendessem as formas e símbolos presentes, bem como a altura das extrusões se apresentou de forma satisfatória para a compreensão das imagens, possibilitando que a ferramenta possa ser utilizada no desenvolvimento de recursos educacionais para auxiliar não apenas PDV, mas também pessoas que não possuem deficiência. Essa perspectiva está relacionada com as bases da Educação Inclusiva, assim como se alinha aos objetivos do Design Inclusivo/Universal. Por fim, a pesquisa não esgota a possibilidade de novos estudos relacionados com a aplicação do displacement map.

La creatividad profesional y competencia laboral de los egresados de IESPP, tiene como objetivo determinar la relación entre la creatividad profesional y competencia laboral de los egresados de los IESPP, la investigación es cualitativa y tiene diseño descriptivo explicativo, como población tenemos las IESP de la región del Cusco, como muestra al IESPP Virgen de la Natividad de Paruro. Los resultados arrojan que los docentes egresados de los IESPP tienen dificultades para desenvolverse creativamente, por la falta de oportunidades y capacitación en estrategias sobre creatividad en la formación inicial docente, la creatividad es trascendental en la competencia laboral por el uso de los materiales que posee el contexto, por las actividades significativas de la comunidad, por el TICs, debiendo la escuela ser eje protagónico de la comunidad; arribándose a las siguientes conclusiones: Los egresados de IESPP deben fortalecer su capacidad de creatividad; la originalidad en la creatividad debe desarrollarse en la formación docente, porque a través de ella se consigue la participación de todos los componentes educativos, la fluidez en los procesos educativos en estudiantes y docentes se desarrolla con participación de todos los integrantes de la familia educativa.

Introduction Temporomandibular-joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) management is a major challenge. Minimally invasive therapies (based mainly on injections) have been developed to increase local efficacy and limit adverse systemic effects. However, the requirement for repeat injections due to a short duration of action and expensive healthcare costs have pushed researchers to develop, via tissue engineering, drug-delivery systems (DDSs). In this literature systematic review, we aim to provide an overview of studies that tested DDSs on a TMJOA model. Material and methods We searched on PubMed for articles published from November 1965 to March 2021 on DDSs using a TMJOA model. We highlighted the different DDSs and the active molecule employed. Route of drug administration, model type, test duration, and efficacy duration were assessed. To evaluate the quality of each study, a protocol bias was tested using QUADAS-2™. Results Of the 10 studies that were full text-screened, four used a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based delivery system. The other DDSs employed chitosan-based hydrogels, microneedles patches, nanostructured lipid carriers, or poloxamer micelles. Hyaluronic acid, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and analgesics were used as active molecules in five studies. The main way to administer DDSs was intra-articular injection and the most used model was the rat. Discussion Various DDSs and active molecules have been studied on a TMJOA model that could aid TMJOA management. Further works using longer test durations are necessary to validate these advances.

Rinotraqueitis Infecciosa Bovina (RIB), es una enfermedad infectocontagiosa causada por el herpes virus bovino tipo 1 (HVB-1) perteneciente al género Varicellovirus. Su distribución es mundial, y representa una de las principales causas de infertilidad y aborto en los bovinos, además de una disminución en la producción, causando pérdidas económicas. La infección puede cursar de forma respiratoria, conjuntival, vulvovaginal, con abortos endémicos y de forma septicémica. Su transmisión puede ser vertical y horizontal, además de tener la capacidad de permanecer en estado de latencia para luego tener periodos de reactivación y re-excreción. Las manifestaciones clínicas y curso de la enfermedad precisa del sitio de la infección, la edad y el estado inmunológico del portador. El diagnóstico presuntivo de RIB puede darse en base a los signos clínicos, patalógicos y epidemiológicos, pero para realizar un diagnóstico definitivo se requiere de pruebas de laboratorio como aislamiento viral, inmunoperoxidasa (IP), inmunofluorescencia (IF), seroneutralización, ensayo por inmunoabsorción ligado a enzimas (ELISA) y reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). La profilaxis se logra por medio de la vacunación y con el sacrificio de animales seropositivos. Los impactos sanitarios y económicos de la RIB hacen necesario la implementación y refuerzo de programas nacionales de control y capacitaciones sanitarias para los ganaderos, además de una eliminación progresiva de animales seropositivos. Es por esto que el objetivo fue realizar una revisión de literatura de RIB que permita abordar aspectos sanitarios y epidemiológicos de la misma.

A mudança tecnológica é um fator determinante para garantir o crescimento sustentável do setor agropecuário no Brasil e no mundo. Desde os anos 1970, o Brasil tem conseguido ampliar a oferta de alimentos, contribuindo, assim, para o abastecimento dos mercados interno e externo. Entre 1980 e 2021, a produção de grãos aumentou quase 400%. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste artigo foi calcular e analisar a produtividade total dos fatores (PTF) no Brasil de 1975 a 2020. Além disso, por meio do estudo organizado pelo Departamento de Agricultura dos Estados Unidos (United States Department of Agriculture – USDA), foi possível comparar um grupo de 187 países. Nessa comparação internacional, o Brasil destacou-se pelo potencial de crescimento da produtividade, notadamente a partir da década de 2000. De 2000 a 2019, a PTF no Brasil cresceu cerca de 3,2% ao ano, enquanto o mesmo indicador mundial ficou em torno de 1,7%.

Sperm cryopreservation is an important tool for genetic diversity management programs and the conservation of endangered breeds and species. The most widely used method of sperm conservation is slow freezing, however, during the process, sperm cells suffer from cryoinjury, which reduces their viability and fertility rates. One of the alternatives to slow freezing is vitrification, that consist on rapid freezing, in which viable cells undergo glass-like solidification. This technology requires large concentrations of permeable cryoprotectants (P- CPA’s) which increase the viscosity of the medium to prevent intracellular ice formation during cooling and warming, obtaining successful results in vitrification of oocytes and embryos. Unfortunately, this technology failed when applied to vitrification of sperm due to its higher sensitivity to increasing concentrations of P-CPAs. Alternatively, a technique termed ‘kinetic sperm vitrification’ has been used and consists in a technique of permeant cryoprotectant-free cryopreservation by direct plunging of a sperm suspension into liquid nitrogen. Some of the advantages of kinetic vitrification are the speed of execution and no rate-controlled equipment required. This technique has been used successfully and with better results for motility in human (50-70% motility recovery), dog (42%), fish (82%) and donkey (21.7%). However, more studies are required to improve sperm viability after devitrification, especially when it comes to motility recovery. The objective of this review is to present the principles of kinetic vitrification, the main findings in the literature, and the perspectives for the utilization of this technique as a cryopreservation method.

La leucosis enzoótica bovina (LEB) es una infección económicamente importante del ganado lechero, causada por el virus de la leucemia enzoótica bovina (VLEB). El método habitual de propagación de la infección por VLEB es la transmisión horizontal, a través de la exposición directa e indirecta de animales susceptibles a los linfocitos infectados de la sangre o de la leche. Tras la infección los animales aparentan estar clínicamente sanos durante los primeros años postinfección, pero entre el 30 y 70 % de los animales pueden desarrollar linfocitosis persistente y del 0.1 a 10 % de los bovinos sufren de linfosarcoma. Esta infección se detecta mediante pruebas serológicas, generalmente por el ensayo por inmunoabsorción ligado a enzimas (ELISA). El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la seroprevalencia de VLEB en hembras bovinas del municipio de Paipa (Boyacá). El estudio epidemiológico fue observacional descriptivo de corte (transversal) con muestreo aleatorio simple, en donde se recolectaron 1000 muestras de suero las cuales fueron procesadas mediante la técnica de ELISA indirecta implementando el kit comercial SERELISA® BLV Ab Mono Blocking. Se determinó una seroprevalencia de 31.1 % (311/1000) encontrando asociación estadística significativa entre la raza, la edad y la seropositividad al virus.

The architectural design of learning spaces in higher education has undergone profound changes with the new educational perspectives that break with traditional pedagogical practice supported by control, hierarchy, and information dissemination. Educational institutions are gradually seeking disruptive models that enhance new learning experiences. This article presents references of innovative projects of learning and interaction spaces, that have been added to the principles of Neuroeducation and Neuroarchitecture for the development of architectural strategies for a new classroom proposal for the Bahia State University. As a result, the project brings preliminary studies to the Learning Environment Model for Higher Education (LEMHE). A flexible model, divided into three learning areas: flexible zone (active); introspection zone, and relaxing zone. This zoning aims to provide diverse experiences of pedagogical practices, added to respect the physiological needs of its users to enhance well-being and learning in higher education. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion