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A Web-based database system is designed and implemented in this paper which brings out the heat flow map for the Indian region. The Database is linked to carry out the computations and get thermal structure, lithospheric thickness across a few selected regions of India together with the uncertainties associated with the model parameters which can give the error estimate to the associated temperatures. This Web portal allows the user to just click on any region and get the subsurface thermal parameters and the thermal structure of that particular region where ever the data is available. It is developed based on MySQL for database and (Hypertext Preprocessor) PHP scripting language, JavaScript, (Cascading Style Sheets) CSS for application and web page designing, and leaflet for mapping. The data required are compiled from the peer-reviewed published literature, technical reports, and from different thesis on thermal data for the Indian region and stored in a centralized location called the database. The present system is built on the three-tier architecture wherein it has the presentation, application logic, and data management which gives the heat flow values at almost 170 locations in the Indian region and the thermal structure at some locations. Further, the data shall be added to the database for more locations as and when the data is available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Google Earth Engine (GEE) is a free Web‐based spatial analysis platform that requires only a web browser and an Internet connection to programmatically access and analyse data from its multi‐petabyte catalog of regularly updated satellite imagery (e.g. MODIS, Landsat, Sentinel) and other geospatial datasets. The high computing capacity of GEE can make computationally demanding analyses more accessible to researchers and practitioners, especially those with limited access to advanced computational resources. Here, we present a workflow in GEE to fit species distribution models, offering direct access to a multi‐petabyte catalog of raster products to obtain estimates of habitat suitability. Innovation: We implemented a workflow for species distribution modelling in GEE that includes importing species occurrence data into the GEE platform, selecting and preparing predictor variables, and performing model fitting with spatial or temporal split‐block cross‐validation techniques. We present three case studies that demonstrate: (i) a baseline SDM workflow that produces informative model predictions, (ii) a workflow that accounts for temporal variability in predictor variables to study changes in habitat suitability over time and (iii) a complex and computationally demanding analysis incorporating thousands of satellite images for modelling habitat suitability at high spatial resolution. Main Conclusions: Our SDM workflow allows users to benefit from the high speed and performance of GEE without the need for significant computing infrastructure. This workflow may be especially beneficial to researchers in countries where computing power is limited, as SDMs frequently require the download, storage and processing of large raster datasets. We also discuss key limitations of implementing SDMs in GEE, such as user memory limits and the lack of high‐level functions. We include a step‐by‐step guide for the general model workflow and for each of the case studies presented to facilitate its implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present uPark, a progressive web parking application for the online purchase of slots of pre-paid parking time, which remains associated to client accounts rather than bounded to particular parking spots or vehicles. uPark integrates three sub-systems, one for drivers, one for inspectors and one for administrators. It optimizes the overall parking process for citizens/clients from a financial and a practical point of view and technically facilitates the work of inspectors. It is a lightweight, easy-to-use, responsive application. Moreover, as a progressive web application, uPark can be used both as a web site and a mobile app on any device. uPark can be used for various areas, like city center, mall parking area or university campus, making a time- and effort-saving, eco-friendly and useful progressive web application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PIPO is the latest domestic lightweight block cipher announced in ICISC'20, which is characterized by being lightweight to facilitate implementation on IoT with limited resources. In this paper, PIPO 64/128-bit and 64/256-bit were implemented using web-based languages such as Javascript and WebAsembly. Two methods of performance evaluation were conducted by implementing bitsice and TLU, and the performance was compared by implementing Looped written using for statements and Unrolled written for statements. It performs performance evaluations in various web browsers such as Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Opera, and Microsoft Edge, as well as OS-specific environments such as Windows, Linux, Mac, iOS, and Android. In addition, a performance comparison was performed with PIPO implemented in C language. This can be used as an indicator for applying PIPO block cipher on the web. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

1. Large-scale biodiversity data, for example, on species distribution and richness information, are being mobilized and becoming available at an increasing rate. Interactive web applications like atlases have been developed to visualize available datasets and make them accessible to a wider audience. Web mapping tools are changing rapidly, and different underlying concepts have been developed to visualize datasets at a high cartographic standard. 2. Here, we introduce the Combined Atlas Framework for the development of interactive web atlases for ecological data visualization. We combine two existing approaches: the five stages of the user-centred design approach for web mapping applications and the three U approach for interface success. 3. Subsequently, we illustrate the use of this framework by developing the Atlas of Plant Invasions based on the Global Naturalized Alien Flora (GloNAF) database. This case study illustrates how the newly developed Combined Atlas Framework with a user-centred design philosophy can generate measurable success through communication with the target user group, iterative prototyping and competitive analysis of other existing web mapping approaches. 4. The framework is useful in creating an atlas that employs user feedback to determine usability and utility features within an interactive atlas system. Finally, this framework will enable a better-informed development process of future visualization and dissemination of biodiversity data through web mapping applications and interactive atlases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Web-based data collection is increasingly popular in both experimental and survey-based research because it is flexible, efficient, and location-independent. While dedicated software for laboratory-based experimentation and online surveys is commonplace, researchers looking to implement experiments in the browser have, heretofore, often had to manually construct their studies' content and logic using code. We introduce lab.js, a free, open-source experiment builder that makes it easy to build studies for both online and in-laboratory data collection. Through its visual interface, stimuli can be designed and combined into a study without programming, though studies' appearance and behavior can be fully customized using html, css, and JavaScript code if required. Presentation and response times are kept and measured with high accuracy and precision heretofore unmatched in browser-based studies. Experiments constructed with lab.js can be run directly on a local computer and published online with ease, with direct deployment to cloud hosting, export to web servers, and integration with popular data collection platforms. Studies can also be shared in an editable format, archived, re-used and adapted, enabling effortless, transparent replications, and thus facilitating open, cumulative science. The software is provided free of charge under an open-source license; further information, code, and extensive documentation are available from https://lab.js.org/. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

JavaScript is characterized by a rich ecosystem of libraries and frameworks. A key element in this ecosystem are frameworks used for implementing the front‐end of web‐based applications, such as Vue and React. However, despite their relevance, we have few works investigating the factors that drive the adoption—and un‐adoption—of front‐end‐based JavaScript frameworks. Therefore, in this article, we first report the results of a survey with 49 developers where we asked them to describe the factors they consider when selecting a front‐end framework. In the second part of the work, we focus on projects that migrate from one framework to another since JavaScript's ecosystem is also very dynamic. Finally, we provide a quantitative characterization of the migration effort and reveal the main barriers faced by the developers during this effort. Although not completely generalizable, our central findings are as follows: (a) popularity and learnability are the key factors that motivate the choice of front‐end frameworks in JavaScript; (b) from the 49 surveyed developers, one out of four have plans to migrate to another framework in the future; (c) the time spent performing the migration is greater than or equal to the time spent using the old framework in all studied projects. We conclude with a list of implications for practitioners, framework developers, tool builders, and researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We are presenting an online workflow puzzle, which runs in a browser. The player can put together puzzle pieces to pre-defined production chains. Extensive online help supports the player in laying out the puzzle pieces correctly. The puzzle is based on the process-resource model, which is also the basis of the Job Definition Format. This paper explains the game as well as implementation strategy.

The aim of the work is to conduct a performance analysis and, on its basis, to indicate the most user-friendly and fastest operating framework. Three Internet applications have been written to test the speed of operation of selected technologies. Some of the most popular frameworks were analyzed: Angular, React and Vue. Static comparative criteria used in the work are: favorable and generally available documentation, application development, speed of application development, development and support by creators. The practical criteria are the times measured during the execution of the tests. The tests were performed with simple operations using the CRUD (Create Read Update Delete) function. The performance analysis carried out in this way shows the differences between the frameworks. The following developerPersian tools were used for the comparative analysis: Google Analytics, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Chrome DevTools.

Model-based phylogenetic reconstructions increasingly consider spatial or phenotypic traits in conjunction with sequence data to study evolutionary processes. Alongside parameter estimation, visualization of ancestral reconstructions represents an integral part of these analyses. Here, we present a complete overhaul of the spatial phylogenetic reconstruction of evolutionary dynamics software, now called SpreaD3 to emphasize the use of data-driven documents, as an analysis and visualization package that primarily complements Bayesian inference in BEAST (http://beast.bio.ed.ac.uk, last accessed 9 May 2016). The integration of JavaScript D3 libraries (www.d3.org, last accessed 9 May 2016) offers novel interactive web-based visualization capacities that are not restricted to spatial traits and extend to any discrete or continuously valued trait for any organism of interest.

Cryptography is often used to keep information confidential by making it illegible. However, incomprehensible information may raise suspicions of the adversary and may lead him to sabotage this style of communication. Therefore, steganography has a place in the arena of information security. Steganography refers to the technique of hiding information in digital media to hide the existence of information. Data caching is the art of hiding data for colorful purposes similar as; to maintain private data, secure non-public data and so on. Securely exchange the data over the internet network is veritably important issue. So, to transfer the data securely to the destination, there are numerous approaches like cryptography and steganography. In this design we propose a LSB & DCT grounded steganographic system for hiding the data by applying Least Significant Bit (LSB) algorithm for bedding the data into the images which is enforced through the HTML, CSS, JavaScript. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work is dedicated to the design, implementation and evaluation of a new algorithm visualization system. The currently available systems and libraries are briefly compared with each other based on the visualizations and functionalities they provide. Since the analyzed tools didn't meet all of the given requirements, we decided that the development of a new system for algorithm and data structure visualizations would be beneficial for use in teaching the subject Data Structures and Algorithms. The new system was designed to be easily usable, extensible, available and to cover the basic functionalities available in similar systems and other useful features. The proposed system provides three types of visualizations: predefined visualizations, to explain how each data structure and algorithm works; interactive visualizations, to let the user interact with the visualization directly; and interactive exercises, to let the users test their knowledge. These three types of visualizations cover the whole learning process, provide theoretical and practical knowlegde, and also a way to test their knowledge. The system is implemented in the form of a web application and, for the visualizations, the JSAV library is used. The system was also evaluated by the users via a survey and several improvements were implemented in the system based on the feedback provided by the users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the rise of web services, user authentication is one of the prevalent areas of research. Password typing is one of the simplest techniques to achieve user authentication. However, password typing is not able to provide security. Security is achieved by using the combination of password typing and keystroke dynamics and this combination further called as keystroke Authentication. Keystroke dynamics differentiate between attacker and authenticated user by examining the typing speed. It could be a replacement of the two step verification such as biometric validation. In this paper, we propose a machine learning model which will be trained using the timing vector which was created at the time of registration of the user. This vector is the heart of our approach as it is the thing using which model will differentiate between attacker and authenticated user at the time of login. We have used various technologies like HTML/CSS, JavaScript for developing the front end of the website and backend of the website is handled by the flask based framework. The application has been deployed in a cloud based platform. For this we have used Heroku, which is an open source cloud service and it has been used as platform as service (PaaS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dramatic volcanic eruptions occurred in the Spring of 2021 in Iceland and St. Vincent. This column explores the use of a numerical model to understand the giant displacements of the Earth's surface that result from such volcanic activity. The model used was development by Japanese geophysicist Kiyoo Mogi to explain a much older eruption, the 1914 eruption of Sakurajima volcano, located in Kyushu, Japan. Mogi's model was so successful, and is still widely used today, because he took a step-by-step approach to solving this complicated problem, making simplifying assumptions where he could, and using data to the maximum extent possible to estimate a reasonable solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Side-channel attacks are a group of powerful attacks in hardware security that exploit the deficiencies in the implementation of systems. Timing side-channel attacks are one of the main side-channel attack categories that use the time difference of running an operation in different states. Many powerful attacks can be classified into this type of attack, including cache attacks. The limitation of these attacks is the need to run the spy program on the victim's system. Various studies have tried to overcome this limitation by implementing these attacks remotely on JavaScript and WebAssembly. This paper provides the first comprehensive evaluation of timing side-channel attacks on JavaScript and investigates challenges and countermeasures to overcome these attacks. Moreover, by investigating the countermeasures and their strengths and weaknesses, we introduce a detection-based approach, called Lurking Eyes. Our approach has the least reduction in the performance of JavaScript and WebAssembly. The evaluation results show that the Lurking eyes have an accuracy of 0.998, precision of 0.983, and F-measure of 0.983. Considering these values and no limitations, this method can be introduced as an effective way to counter timing side-channel attacks on JavaScript and WebAssembly. Also, we provide a new accurate timer, named Eagle timer, based on WebAssembly memory for implementing these attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result, a wide variety of methods are used to collect data that counts. All the data collection methods, web scraping is the most reliable and efficient one. Popular test automation framework Selenium can be used to scrape web pages in a variety of ways. In this paper, we demonstrate web page scraping using Python, a popular backend programming language. Test automation frameworks such as Selenium also support it. Information can also be scraped from static web pages. As a result, this paper examines the major advantages and challenges of web scraping in building web applications. The framework is fully functional and can be used by both novice and advanced users to automate the testing of web sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a new software framework, Sampo-UI, for developing user interfaces for semantic portals. The goal is to provide the end-user with multiple application perspectives to Linked Data knowledge graphs, and a two-step usage cycle based on faceted search combined with ready-to-use tooling for data analysis. For the software developer, the Sampo-UI framework makes it possible to create highly customizable, user-friendly, and responsive user interfaces using current state-of-the-art JavaScript libraries and data from SPARQL endpoints, while saving substantial coding effort. Sampo-UI is published on GitHub under the open MIT License and has been utilized in several internal and external projects. The framework has been used thus far in creating six published and five forth-coming portals, mostly related to the Cultural Heritage domain, that have had tens of thousands of end-users on the Web. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Browser fingerprinting refers to a collection of techniques used to gather information about a user's browser attributes. The information gained from a browser fingerprint can be used to partially or fully identify a user without using any other technique, e.g., cookies. One type of browser fingerprinting is canvas fingerprinting which utilizes HTML-canvas elements to identify users. Various defense algorithms against canvas fingerprinting have been developed, but unfortunately, have been shown to be penetrable and detectable. In this paper, we present Canvas Deceiver, a new countermeasure against canvas fingerprint. Canvas Deceiver is a browser extension that uses a new algorithm that is different from existing problem-possessing algorithms. Canvas Deceiver does not rely on randomness, does not provide a unique identity, and is not detectable. To show its functionality and effectiveness, we tested Canvas Deceiver using different tools that provide browser fingerprint tests. According to the test results, Canvas Deceiver outperforms current countermeasures in detectability while providing sufficient anonymity to its users. For instance, in Browserleaks, the user originally was put into a group with 634 people. After using Canvas Deceiver, he is put into a group with 7847 people.

Wheelchair is used by individuals that find it challenging to walk. Various methods have been adopted in developing wheelchairs to suit the needs of the physically disabled using the available technologies. Problems associated with the already existing wheelchairs are difficulty in maneuvering them in a confined and constrained space and limitation in degree of movement they can achieve. The aim of this project is to develop a smart omnidirectional controlled wheelchair. The system is not only applicable for domestic use, it can also be used for sports and in the hospital. The movement of the wheelchair is controlled from a web application via Wireless Fidelity communication. The methodology employed includes designing the web application interface using Hypertext markup language and JavaScript programming language, the hardware part consists of the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B, programmed with python programming language. Then, the software and hardware part were integrated together to form a complete system. The main advantage of the system is that it allows the user of a wheelchair to maneuver through a confined and constrained space and control the wheelchair remotely. The performance measure considered were the accuracy of the obstacle detection unit in detecting brick wall, metal and wood, and the response time of the wheelchair to movement commands from the web application. The average detection accuracies for the brick wall, metal, and wood were 87.37%, 94.43%, and 83.57% respectively. The average response time of the wheelchair to movement commands from the web application was 1.04 seconds.

Video calling or voice calling through the use of the internet is a very common thing in today's world. Nevertheless, users have to pay charges directly or indirectly, tolerating all the delays even if you use the facility within the same network or sub-network. Over 30 million US households used Voice over IP (VoIP) until the end of 2010. Specialist found that 31.4% of the household used VoIP as the main and only home phone line by 2012. Users up till now have multiplied by a huge factor. There are several drawbacks of using video calling over the internet within a small network such as delay of packets (travel to the main server outside network and reenter the same network again), direct or indirect costs, users need to be always connected online and efficiency and speed of the user's system vary according to connection quality and bandwidth. In this project, we implemented a WebRTC enabled web application which provides free peer to peer video calling and conferencing tool for any private organization on top of their existing private network.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the Blazor framework in client mode with the hosting option. A test application has been created for the purposes of testing. The application loading efficiency and the size of downloaded data were examined for the completed application. The performance in calculation tests, operations on collections and the efficiency of generating DOM elements were determined. JavaScript code performance has been compared.

Knowing what the user does inside your web and how he does it is crucial nowadays to understand the strengths and inconveniences of your web's design and architectural structure as well as about the usability of the site. Currently, there are several solutions that allow the tracking of the user behavior but these have some limitations due to the information they are able to capture and how they can present that information in a useful way for the web developer. Many of these platforms don't capture information about the user activity in the websites, clicks, mouse movements, etc. Some solutions do capture some of this user activity, but they only process the information visually showing heatmaps. In this paper we present UXJs, a novel research approach for collecting automatically all possible information about the user activity in websites, showing this information quantitatively and allowing its automatic statistical analysis and the rapid understanding by web developers.

Many Internet-of-Things (IoT) systems use lightweight JavaScript engines to support easy programming in microcontrollers. Lightweight JavaScript engines use several techniques for memory optimization, such as static heap reservation and compressed addressing. Recent IoT systems also use several external libraries and a larger on-chip memory to support abundant functionalities, such as machine learning and connectivity. However, as the JavaScript heap space is not resizable owing to the memory optimizations, the JavaScript engine or an external library is prone to fail the memory allocation in these devices. To address this problem, we propose a flexible memory optimization technique, segment-based multiple-base compressed addressing (SMBCA), which compresses a pointer indicating a JavaScript object allocated to a resizable heap based on multiple base addresses. SMBCA comprises two components: a dynamic segment allocator (DSA) and a multiple-base compressed address translator (MBCAT). DSA dynamically allocates the JavaScript heap in segment units. Meanwhile, MBCAT converts a low-bitwidth address into a full-bitwidth address and vice versa, based on the multiple base addresses. To reduce the address compression overhead of MBCAT, we propose a software cache technique, reverse map cache (RMC). We found that the SMBCA reduces average memory usage by 43.9% compared to the existing lightweight JavaScript engines when running SunSpider benchmarks, V8 benchmarks, and real-world applications. We also showed that the RMC reduces the average address compression latency of MBCAT by 34.9% when running the SunSpider benchmarks.

Voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav) are membrane proteins essential to initiating and propagating action potential in neurons and other excitable cells. For a given organism there are often multiple, specialized sodium channels found in different tissues, whose mutations can cause deleterious effects observed in numerous diseases. Consequently, there is high medical and pharmacological interest in these proteins. Scientific literature often uses membrane diagrams to depict important patterns in these channels including the six transmembrane segments (S1–S6) present in four different homologous domains (D1–D4), the S4 voltage sensors, the pore-lining residue segments and the ion selectivity filter residues, glycosylation and phosphorylation residues, toxin binding sites and the inactivation loop, among others. Most of these diagrams are illustrated either digitally or by hand and programs specifically dedicated to the interactive and data-friendly generation of such visualizations are scarce or non-existing. This paper describes Naview, an open-source javascript visualization compatible with modern web browsers for the dynamic drawing and annotation of voltage-gated sodium channels membrane diagrams based on the D3.js library. By using a graphical user interface and combining user-defined annotations with optional UniProt code as inputs, Naview allows the creation and customization of membrane diagrams. In this interface, a user can also map and display important sodium channel properties, residues, regions and their relationships through symbols, colors, and edge connections. Such features can facilitate data exploration and provide fast, high-quality publication-ready graphics for this highly active area of research.

Currently the most widespread way of reporting in radiology is dictation mainly due to performance benefits. The output of this method is plain text, which varies in style (structure, nomenclature, abbreviations, etc.) and content between doctors even when reporting the exact same case. Templated radiology provides a structure for reporting and aims to help in generating more unified reports. We propose a web-based system for creating and using radiological structured reporting templates.We developed our software based on web technologies. We wrote the system with modular design in mind. We have separate libraries for the different functionalities: a rendering library which renders the templates based on a schema, an editor library which handles template creation, and an evaluator library, which parses, and executes our custom domain specific language, FormScript, which enables dynamic behavior in our templates. We also developed a Single Page Application to create, browse, use and share templating reports. The backend of the application is powered by Firebase from Google.We deployed our system at a publicly accessible domain at https://app.radiosheets.com.

The urgent need to protect user privacy and security has emerged as the World Wide Web has become an increasingly necessary part of daily life. Browser fingerprinting is a very interesting topic in the industry of technology security. New technology will always raise new security issues and browser fingerprinting will undoubtedly follow the same process. It has become one of the most popular topics in online privacy because, to date, there is still no exact solution as to how to stop it entirely. The majority of solutions just aim to reduce the likelihood of obtaining a browser fingerprint. Research on browser fingerprinting is unquestionably required since it is essential to educate users, developers, policymakers, and law enforcement about it so that they can make strategic choices based on knowledge. Browser fingerprinting must be recognised in order to defend against privacy problems. A browser fingerprint is described as data gathered by the receiving server to identify a distant device, and it is different from cookies. Websites frequently utilize browser fingerprinting to obtain information about the type and version of the browser, as well as the operating system, and other current settings. It has been known that even when cookies are disabled, fingerprints can be used to fully or partially identify users or devices. In this communication paper, a new insight into the challenge of browser fingerprint is encouraged as a new venture. Thus, the initial way to truly understand the browser fingerprint is the need to collect browser fingerprints. In this work, the process of data collection for browser fingerprinting through scripting, to offer a complete all-in-one fingerprinting test suite, has been thoughtfully divided into appropriate sections and grouped with key information to be carried out. The objective is to gather fingerprint data with no personal identification information and make it an open source of raw datasets in the industry for any future research purposes. To our best knowledge, there are no open datasets made available for browser fingerprints in the research field. The dataset will be widely accessible by anyone interested in obtaining those data. The dataset collected will be very raw and will be in the form of a text file. Thus, the main contribution of this work is to share an open dataset of browser fingerprints along with its collection methodology.

Automatic screening of self-evaluation apps for urticaria and angioedema shows a high unmet need REFERENCES 1 Weller K, Zuberbier T, Maurer M. Clinically relevant outcome measures for assessing disease activity, disease control and quality of life impairment in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria and recurrent angioedema. Disease activity is assessed using scores such as the urticaria and the angioedema activity scores, that is, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) that rely on the daily documentation, by patients, of wheals and itch and of angioedema, respectively. [Extracted from the article]

This paper outlines an application—dubbed U=RIsolve (read as "you resolve")—for helping students to learn the Nodal (or Node) Voltage Analysis method (NVM, for short) for electrical circuit analysis. The NVM enables determining the voltage in every Node in the circuit, related to a reference (Ground) Node. In turn, this enables to compute the current in every Branch (and therefore, the voltage across every component). The U = RIsolve application goes far beyond the capabilities of traditional circuit simulators; as it outputs the fundamental circuit information, the methodology, the equations, and the results related to the NVM for a given circuit previously simulated in Quite Universal Circuit Simulator (QUCS). QUCS can generate a text file (called netlist) that identifies all the circuit components/connections and that serves as an input to the U = RIsolve application. Additionally, users can also upload the circuit schematics to facilitate the analysis of the U = RIsolve output. Then, the user just needs to click a button to get all the reasoning of the NVM analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]