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In this commentary on the special issue, it is argued that the studies presented illustrate three pivotal characteristics of a new, evolving paradigm to study the consequences of prolonged intercultural encounters, such as globalization. The first refers to the topics studied and involves the need to delineate more distal, universal, and more proximal, culture-specific elements in intercultural encounters in these topics. The second is the need to deal with variation in intensity and focus of intercultural contact, ranging from casual contact to immersion. The third involves the need to delineate the psychological mechanisms involved in intercultural contact (and their consequences). The studies in the special issue illustrate the importance of including contextual features in the study of globalization. Challenges of the evolving paradigm are described. (c) 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

This special section is the product of a small-group meeting of those who study puberty and its relevance. Our aim was to gather information and write manuscripts to inform scientists of advances and continuing obstacles, as well as to stimulate interdisciplinary research on puberty relevant across the lifespan. The themes of the nine position or review papers (and commentary), range from cell to society. We hope this introduction will entice you to read all the papers and consider how they apply or expand your next steps in research or help you synthesize the literature on puberty. We anticipate the papers can embellish your adolescent courses, and, for junior scientists, we hope the many intriguing possibilities for future research on puberty will be apparent.

Where sexual health refers to “a state of physical, mental, and social well-being in relation to sexuality,” human rights provide a path to realise the highest attainable standard of sexual health for all. Jonathan Mann first described the fundamental relationship between sexual health and human rights in the early years of the global AIDS response. He traced the arc between rights abuses and HIV transmission and provided a path to see sexual health and human rights as inextricably linked. The close interrelationships between sexual health and human rights led to the development of an evidence-based but rights-affirming approach to sexual health, abandoning coercive tools of public health, reducing stigma and discrimination toward key populations, and focusing on the social determinants of sexually transmitted infections (STI). Sexual health is thus seen as deeply embedded in the social and structural fabric of societies, with rights-based implications for epidemiology, intervention design, behavioral science, harm reduction, and laws and regulations governing health. Yet, many evidence-based STI interventions are unavailable because those at greatest risk hide their lives and sexual desires and practices from clinics and services. This BMC special collection focuses on the critical nexus of sexual health and human rights.

This Special Issue of Attachment and Human Development provides a family systems perspective on fathers and attachment, and represents a response to a sad fact. Research on mother-child attachment ...

Ergonomics and Human Factors (E/HF) in Aviation is essential for the safety and efficiency of commercial airlines, passenger, cargo and military operations, and for the well-being of their passenge...

This special issue of Psychological Services includes 18 articles describing efforts to promote and provide trauma-informed care for children and families. Trauma-informed care is an approach to providing services that is sensitive to the possibility that children and families have experienced past or ongoing traumatic situations with implications for their current functioning and response to interventions. Installing and maintaining a trauma-informed approach in organized care settings requires effective planning, initial assessment, implementation, reassessment, and support that reflects an ongoing commitment to recognizing the impact of trauma on those being served. The articles contained in this special issue span a range of efforts in each of these areas, including the development and refinement of models of care and specific interventions, establishing quality assessment tools, and providing illustrations of lessons learned from attempts to implement and sustain trauma-informed initiatives. This introduction to the special issue provides a brief overview of these articles. The purpose of this special issue is to share current data and models of trauma-informed care and to encourage further development of collaborative models, interventions, measurement tools, and implementation efforts that lead to better services and outcomes for children and families who experience trauma. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

From September-December 2017, the Mathematical Biosciences Institute at Ohio State University hosted a series of workshops on control theory in biology and medicine, including workshops on control and modulation of neuronal and motor systems, control of cellular and molecular systems, control of disease / personalized medicine across heterogeneous populations, and sensorimotor control of animals and robots. This special issue presents tutorials and research articles by several of the participants in the MBI workshops.

This themed issue of Biomaterials Science highlights the work of emerging investigators in the field of biomaterials science. Editor-in-Chief Jennifer Elisseeff introduces the issue.

Fungi are increasingly recognized as the cause of not only superficial infections, which affect many people but are relatively easy to treat, but also invasive and disseminated infections. Difficul...

Medical error is the third-leading cause of death in the United States, but there has been little work done on the associated conceptual and normative questions. What is medical error? Is all medical error bad? The first section of this paper surveys the dominant conception of medical error-promulgated by the Institute of Medicine-and tries to understand whether error necessarily eventuates in adverse events. The second section challenges an asymmetry in the way that we think about error: For example, the received view would allow that undertesting could comprise medical error, whereas overtesting cannot. The third section considers the concept of moral luck and how it bears on our ascriptions of medical error.

This special issue of the journal is dedicated to the tenth anniversary of the Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University and describes some of the results of its work. Most of the materials were prepared by young graduates and post-graduate students of the department.

LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Nitric Oxide 20 Years from the 1998 Nobel Prize. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.2/issuetoc.

Macrophages were discovered in the 19th century by Ukrainian biologist Élie Metchnikoff who worked in Ukraine, Russia, and France [...]

The intrauterine environment and, specifically, the nutritional status of the mother are crucial factors that can have short and long-term consequences on the health and disease risk of an unborn child [...]

The prevalence of obesity and related disorders has been growing at an alarming rate in both wealthy and middle–low-income countries [...]

In this Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, we include insightful reviews and research papers on the subject “Immunopathology of Atherosclerosis and Related Diseases: Focus on Molecular Biology”.[...]

The 2019 Global Assessment Report (GAR2019) on Disaster Risk Reduction [...]

This Special Issue is entitled “Women, patriarchy, and health inequalities: an unresolved issue” [...]