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Interpersonal emotion regulation (IER) strategies are considered as individuals’ tendency to make use of other individuals to get a sense of safety or reduce the severity of distress. Despite the emerging evidence on the association of IER strategies with measures of psychological distress, examination of its interaction with other vulnerability or resilience factors is essential for better understanding of this concept. Negative Mood Regulation Expectancies (NMRE) is a resilience factor, that is conceptualized as an individual’s beliefs in the effectiveness of the strategies that they use to deal with difficult emotions and the present study aimed to examine how IER interact with NMRE in the prediction of depression and anxiety. Data were collected from 433 adults (M = 29.47, SD = 9.01) through questionnaires assessing IER, NMRE, depression, and anxiety. Results indicated that perspective taking was not significantly related to depression among individuals who have high levels of NMRE. On the other hand, low frequency of using perspective taking as an emotion regulation mechanism appeared to be linked with higher depression in individuals who have reported low levels of NMRE. It was concluded that IER strategies might have a buffering role in the case of low inner sources to deal with difficulties.

Although the importance of contextual factors is often recognised, research on emotion regulation strategies (ERS) has mainly focused so far on the effectiveness of ERS across situations. In the present research, we tested the strategy-situation fit hypothesis, which does not assume general effectiveness of ERS but instead stresses the importance of the congruency between ERS and the contexts in which they are used. Using a longitudinal Ambulatory Assessment dataset (

Close relationships are an important social context in which emotional experiences, regulation, and coregulation unfold. This interpersonal emotion regulation process is likely intertwined with the self-regulatory capacities and social skills of each individual dyad member. This study aimed to examine whether respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), a physiological marker related to self-regulation, moderates the impact of rumination, a maladaptive emotion regulation strategy, on couples' conflict. A dyadic, longitudinal design examined the association among RSA, rumination, and couples' conflict in a sample of 83 cohabiting romantic partners raising young children. At baseline, rumination and RSA from each romantic partner were assessed. Couples' conflict was reported at 3 time points over the following 12 months. Actor-partner interdependence modeling examined the mutual contributions of each couple member's rumination to couples' conflict, as well as the moderating impact of RSA. Results indicated that rumination from both members of the dyad were independently associated with couples' conflict across the 12-month period. Furthermore, RSA moderated the association between one's partner's rumination and couples' conflict, such that high actor RSA attenuated the positive association between partner's rumination and couples' conflict. The findings highlight the interdependent nature of emotion regulation within close relationships, and the impact of RSA on interpersonal emotion regulation processes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

People often feel malicious envy, a destructive interpersonal emotion, when they compare themselves to successful peers. Across 3 online experiments and a field experiment of entrepreneurs, we identify an interpersonal strategy that can mitigate feelings of malicious envy in observers: revealing one's failures. Despite a general reluctance to reveal one's failures-as they are happening and after they have occurred-across four experiments, we find that revealing both successes and failures encountered on the path to success (compared to revealing only successes) decreases observers' malicious envy. This effect holds regardless of the discloser's status and cannot be explained by a decrease in perceived status of the individual. Then, in a field experiment at an entrepreneurial pitch competition, where pride displays are common and stakes are high, we find suggestive evidence that learning about the failures of a successful entrepreneur decreases observers' malicious envy while increasing their benign envy and decreasing their perceptions of the entrepreneur's hubristic pride (i.e., arrogance) while increasing their perceptions of the entrepreneur's authentic pride (i.e., confidence). These findings align with previous work on the social-functional relation of envy and pride. Taken together, our results highlight how revealing failures encountered on the way to success can be a counterintuitive yet effective interpersonal emotion regulation strategy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Carpenter, Joseph/0000-0003-1390-1345; Hofmann, Stefan G/0000-0002-3548-9681; KOC, Melisa Sevi/0000-0003-4652-1947 WOS:000467616400011 Despite a vast amount of literature regarding emotion regulation throughout the years, the interpersonal emotion regulation has been underestimated to a large extent until the past few years. With the purpose of encouraging and filling the gap of research on interpersonal emotion regulation, Hofmann et al. (Cognitive Therapy and Research, 40(3), 341-356, 2016) have developed Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (IERQ). The current study aims to conduct the adaptation study of Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (IERQ) into Turkish culture and assess its psychometric properties. To the best of our knowledge, interpersonal emotion regulation as a culture-sensitive construct has not been tested in a non-western culture with distinct interpersonal relationship dynamics. Results revealed that the proposed four-factor model fits the data sufficiently and thus provided support for the original factor structure proposed by Hofmann et al. (Cognitive Therapy and Research, 40(3), 341-356, 2016). Overall, results revealed that the Turkish version of IERQ is a valid and reliable self-report measure which can be used to assess the ways individuals utilize others to regulate their own emotions.

Interpersonal emotion regulation (IER) refers to a group of emotion regulation strategies that involve utilization of other people with the purpose of modifying the emotional process that one is going through. Despite its importance, only a limited number of studies have examined this process. The aim of the present study is to explore the attachment and reinforcement sensitivity patterns that may be associated with tendency to use IER. Data were collected from a community sample composed of 433 (338 women; between ages 18 and 62) individuals, through online administration of scales assessing IERQ, attachment pattern and reinforcement sensitivity. Results of hierarchical regression analyses indicated significant associations of IER dimensions with measures of attachment and reinforcement sensitivity. Present findings indicate individual differences in attachment patterns and reinforcement sensitivity as factors that may be linked to adoption of various IER strategies.

Il existe des preuves suggerant que les athletes utilisent la regulation des emotions individuelles et interpersonnelles (IER) pour ameliorer la performance et les relations (Tamminen, K.A., Gaudreau, P., McEwen, C.E., & Crocker, P.R. (2016). Interpersonal emotion regulation among adolescent athletes: A Bayesian multilevel model predicting sport enjoyment and commitment. Journal of sport and Exercise Psychology, 38, 541–555). Cependant, il y a peu de recherches sur l’utilisation de IER par les entraineurs et comment cela est lie a la relation entraineur-athlete. Ainsi, le but de cette etude etait d’explorer les tentatives des entraineurs de reguler les emotions de leurs athletes dans le contexte de la relation entraineur-athlete. En utilisant une approche longitudinale de l’etude de cas multiples (Stake, R.E. (2006). Multiple case study analysis. New York: The Guilford Press), les participants ont inclus cinq cas comprenant chacun un entraineur masculin et deux athletes (n = 15) issus de differents sports interuniversitaires. Les entraineurs et les athletes ont participe a des entrevues individuelles, a une periode audio de deux semaines, et a une entrevue de suivi. Les strategies de regulation des emotions des athletes et entraineurs ont ete analysees a l’aide du modele de regulation des emotions de Gross (Gross, J.J. (1998). The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review. Review of General Psychology, 2, 271–299) : selection de la situation, modification de la situation, deploiement de l’attention, changement cognitive, et modulation de la reponse. Il y avait des points communs dans la facon dont les participants percevaient que les entraineurs utilisaient l’IER pour reguler les emotions des athletes. En ce qui concerne la relation entraineur-athlete (Jowett, S., & Meek, G.A. (2000). The coach-athlete relationship in married couples: An exploratory content analysis. The Sport Psychologist, 14, 157–175), les participants ont indique que la qualite de la relation a influence et a ete influencee par les tentatives des entraineurs a l’IER. Un modele conceptuel a ete developpe decrivant les emotions des athletes et la regulation des emotions, l’IER des entraineurs, la relation entraineur-athlete et les facteurs contextuels.

We examined intra- and interpersonal emotion regulation in the hour prior to athletic competition. Specifically, we investigated the extent to which differences between experienced and desired emotions were related to emotion regulation processes. Participants (n = 114) from team/doubles sport rated their experienced and desired emotions before a recent competition, and listed strategies used to regulate emotions reporting frequency, effectiveness, and self-efficacy for each strategy used. They followed the same procedure in relation to perceived emotions in a teammate. Results show athletes who experienced emotions close to their desired states reported significantly higher regulatory emotional self-efficacy than those further from their desired states. Further, their emotion regulation strategies were used more frequently and were more effective. Qualitative results indicated that participants attempted to regulate similar emotions in themselves and others, but used different strategies to accomplish these tasks to different degrees of frequency. The findings highlight the role of self-efficacy in emotion regulation; an individual difference variable which merits attention in future emotion regulation interventions.

Couple satisfaction is seen as very important by all those in a romantic relationship; however, there are no recipes for it. Using a dyadic approach, we investigate how commitment and intimacy influence couple satisfaction and the moderator role of interpersonal emotion regulation (affect-improving and -worsening strategies). To achieve the scope of the study, we collected data from 131 couples, which were later analyzed using the actor–partner interdependence model with moderation (APIMoM). The results showed that the actor-effect of both commitment and intimacy on couple satisfaction is significant. We found mixed results for the partner-effect of the two variables. Both partners’ strategies moderated the association between commitment and couple satisfaction. Women’s use of affect-worsening strategies moderated the link between men’s intimacy and women’s couple satisfaction. The impact of the interactions of commitment or intimacy with interpersonal affect-improving and -worsening strategies on couple satisfaction is discussed further, as well as the implications and importance of the results.

Societal and political changes mean that individuals are working until later in life, leading to interest in whether older workers' effectiveness differs from that of younger workers. An important predictor of work effectiveness is ‘interpersonal emotion regulation’, that is, the management of others' feelings. However, little is known so far about whether there are age-related changes in interpersonal emotion regulation ability. In this article, I apply theoretical evidence about aging to a model of the composite tasks involved in interpersonal emotion regulation, in order to form predictions about age-related differences in the management of others' feelings. I further review the existing empirical evidence base, to highlight areas where predictions are supported and areas where further research is needed. It is hoped that this article will guide future empirical work in this important area, in order to broaden the evidence base on age and emotion regulation.

Although research suggests distressed individuals benefit from others' empathy, it is unclear how an individual's level of empathy influences dyadic responses during emotional situations. In the current study, female participants (N = 140; 70 dyads) were paired with a stranger. One member of each dyad (the experiencer) was randomly assigned to undergo a stressful task and disclose negative personal experiences to their partner (the listener). Experiencers paired with listeners higher in dispositional emotional empathy had less negative affect during emotional disclosure and lower sympathetic nervous system reactivity during the stressful task and disclosure. Listeners higher in emotional empathy reported more negative affect in response to their partner's distress. Furthermore, for listeners higher in emotional empathy, those who more accurately rated their partner's emotions were more physiologically influenced by their partners. Findings shed light on interpersonal functions of empathy and suggest a stranger's level of emotional empathy regulates distressed partner's emotions and physiology.

[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 33(4) of Psychological Assessment (see record 2021-42259-001). In the article "Interpersonal Regulation Questionnaire (IRQ): Psychometric Properties and Gender Differences in Chinese Young Adolescents," by Ruyi Ding, Wei He, Jin Liu, Tuo Liu, Dan Zhang, and Shiguang Ni (Psychological Assessment, 2021, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. e13-e28, https://doi.org/10.1037/ pas0000997), the following funding information was missing from the author note: "This study was funded by the Shenzhen Humanities & Social Sciences Key Research Bases, Tsinghua SIGS Overseas Research Cooperation Foundation (Grant No. HW2020004), National Philosophy and Social Sciences Foundation of China (Grant No. 20AZD085) and the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 2020A1515010949)." All versions of this article have been corrected.] The Interpersonal Regulation Questionnaire (IRQ) is a scale developed to measure the tendency and efficacy of intrinsic interpersonal emotion regulation across positive and negative affective states. As the psychometric properties of the IRQ across cultures and different ages have not been well established, the current study was conducted to examine the applicability of the translated IRQ in a sample of Chinese young adolescents (initial n = 487; 50.20% are males; M = 14.52 years old, SD = .75). The original four-factor structure of the IRQ (i.e., negative-tendency, negative-efficacy, positive-tendency, and positive-efficacy) and other parsimonious models were examined and compared using confirmatory factor analysis. The results demonstrated that only the correlated-four-factor model had acceptable model fit indices. The internal consistencies of the four sub-scales were all above .70. Strict measurement invariance (i.e., configural, metric, and scalar) was achieved between males and females. In addition, latent mean comparison showed that females reported higher negative-efficacy and positive-tendency than males, while no gender variations were found for the remaining two factors. The validity of the IRQ was further supported by its convergent-discriminant associations with emotional well-being and distress, emotional expressivity, social competence, empathic responding, cognitive reappraisal, and delinquent behavior. Taken together, the IRQ is a reliable and valid measure for Chinese young adolescents' intrinsic interpersonal emotion regulation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Effective emotion regulation is central to emerging adults’ positive psychosocial adjustment. Research has focused largely on intrapersonal emotion regulation processes (i.e., individuals’ tendencies to regulate their emotions on their own). Consequently, there is limited understanding of interpersonal emotion regulation (IER), which emphasizes how individuals use social interactions to regulate their emotions, and its associations with adaptive and maladaptive psychosocial adjustment outcomes. The objective of this study was to explore the associations between IER strategies and psychosocial adjustment outcomes among emerging adults. Emerging adults (N = 790) completed an online questionnaire on their IER strategy use, internalizing symptoms, well-being, and relationship quality. Structural equation modeling results indicated that greater engagement in enhancing positive affect and perspective taking was significantly associated with lower internalizing symptoms and greater well-being. Perspective taking was also significantly associated with higher relationship quality. Greater engagement in soothing was significantly associated with higher internalizing symptoms and lower well-being. Greater engagement in social modelling was only significantly associated with higher internalizing symptoms. The findings contribute to research by examining IER in emerging adulthood and broadening our understanding of the IER strategies that are important for psychosocial adjustment.

Background: Retirement is a central transition in late adulthood and requires adjustment. These processes not only affect the retired individuals but also their romantic partners. The aim of this study is to investigate the interplay of intrapersonal emotion regulation (rumination) with interpersonal regulation processes (disclosure quality). Furthermore, the associations of daily retirement-related disclosure with adjustment symptoms in disclosing and the listening partner will be investigated. It is expected that the effects of disclosure alter after providing the couples with a self-applied solitary written disclosure task in order to support their intrapersonal emotion regulation. Methods: In this dyadic online-diary study, 45 couples (N = 45) with one partner perceiving the adjustment to a recent retirement as challenging reported rumination, perceived disclosure quality (repetitive, focused on negative content, hard to follow, disclosing partner open for common/authentic), retirement-related disclosure, and ICD-11 adjustment symptoms preoccupation and failure to adapt were assessed at the end of the day over 14 days. In the middle of this assessment period, couples performed a modified online-expressive writing about their thoughts and feelings regarding the transition to retirement. Results: The double-intercept multilevel Actor–Partner Interdependence Models (APIM) reveal that on days with more daily rumination, the spouse perceived that disclosure of the retiree is more difficult to follow, more negative, and repetitive. In contrast, the retiree perceived less authenticity and openness to comments during disclosure on days when the spouse reports more rumination. Retirement-related disclosure showed no within-couple association with failure to adapt but actor effects on preoccupation. Moreover, a partner effect of disclosure of the retirees on the preoccupation of spouses could be observed. This contagious effect of the retiree disclosure, however, disappeared during the week after writing. Conclusion: Our results support the notion that disclosure processes are altered during maladaptive intrapersonal emotion regulation processes. This in turn seems to lead to less effective interpersonal regulation and contagious spilling over of symptoms. Supporting intrapersonal emotion regulation seems to have the potential to allow more favorable interpersonal regulation processes and to free interpersonal resources for an individual adjustment. This has implications for further planning of support for couples facing life transitions and aging-related changes.

Despite much research on the neural underpinnings of empathy, little research in humans has directly explored the contribution of empathy to interpersonal distress regulation in the suffering target. A growing body of work now investigates interpersonal emotion regulation—how an individual influences and affects the emotions of another person. Here we argue that emotional and cognitive empathy play a major role in interpersonal emotion regulation. We propose a model of interpersonal emotion regulation that starts and ends with the distress of the target. The distress of the target evokes both emotional and cognitive empathy in the empathizer. Emotional empathy contributes to the reduction of distress by automatic empathic reactions (e.g., mimicry and social touch), which are prompted by the neural mechanisms underlying emotional empathy (based in the anterior insula, the dorsal-anterior/anterior-midcingulate cortex, and the inferior frontal gyrus). On the other hand, cognitive empathy contributes to interpersonal emotion regulation through more deliberate reactions, such as strategy selection, mediated by the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Through these separate mechanisms, emotional and cognitive empathy play unique roles in interpersonal emotion regulation, and differentially contribute to the reduction of distress in the target, which in turn leads to a reduction of empathetic arousal in the empathizer.

Current studies emphasize that emotion regulation has an interpersonal aspect in addition to its intrapersonal aspect. Interpersonal emotion regulation (IER) reflects the strategies that express how people use others to regulate their own emotions and is correlated with some psychological symptoms. Despite its importance, there are a limited number of studies. The present study investigates the relationships between IER, attachment style, and perceived social support. Additionally, the serial mediation model was tested to determine the mediating role of IER and social support in the relationship between anxious attachment style and psychological distress. Data were collected from 444 adults using scales assessing IER, attachment patterns, perceived social support, and psychological symptoms. Results indicated significant positive associations between IER dimensions and anxious attachment, and negative associations with avoidant attachment. The strongest correlation was between anxious attachment and soothing strategy (as one IER strategy). A structural equation model demonstrated that attachment anxiety statistically predicted depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms mediated by soothing and social support. The findings assert that IER strategies may originate from attachment styles, also explain psychological distress mediated by perceived social support.

Objective: In recent years, it has been emphasized that emotion regulation is not only an internal process, but also has an interpersonal aspect that is associated with various variables. However, the relationship between interpersonal emotion regulation and personality traits has not been investigated yet. The aim of this study is to examine the relationships between interpersonal emotion regulation, personality traits, and psychopathology symptoms. Method: Three hundred ninety-one undergraduate women students recruited this study. Five Factor Personality Inventory-Short Form, Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and Brief Symptoms Inventory were used as measurement tools. Results: People with high scores of extraversion, agreeableness, openness to experience and conscientiousness use others more to enhance positive emotions and to regulate their negative emotions. People with high neuroticism use others more for social modelling and to be soothed. The correlation results showed that personality traits, interpersonal emotion regulation strategies, and psychological symptoms were associated with each other. Also, multiple mediation analysis revealed that only soothing as an interpersonal emotion regulation strategy had a mediating role in the relationship between extraversion personality trait and general psychopathology symptoms. Discussion: Results showed that personality traits might affect using of interpersonal emotion regulation strategies. Some people seek out and use other people more to regulate their own emotions, which is associated with psychopathology symptoms. Extraverts easily reach others to be soothed when they feel negative emotions, and this might be protective from psychopathology. © 2021 ANP Publishing. All rights reserved.

Depresyon ve kaygı, dünya genelinde en yaygın görülen ve bireylerin hayatını büyük ölçüde zorlaştıran, birçok psikolojik (ruminasyon, kaçınma, anhedoni vb.) ve fiziksel semptoma (psikosomatik ağrılar, nefes almada güçlük, endokrin sistem rahatsızlıkları vb.) yol açan psikopatolojilerdir. Geçmiş çalışmalar benzer yaşam olaylarına maruz kalan her kişide depresyon ve kaygı semptomlarının görülmediğini, depresyon ve kaygı düzeyinin kişilerin kullandığı stresle başa çıkma tarzlarına (kendine güvenli yaklaşım, iyimser yaklaşım, boyun eğici yaklaşım, çaresiz yaklaşım ve sosyal destek arama yaklaşımı) ve faydalandıkları kişilerarası duygu düzenleme stratejilerine (olumlu duyguları arttırma, yatıştırılma, bakış açısı edinme ve sosyal model alma) göre farklılaştığını göstermiştir. Güncel araştırmada, kişilerarası duygu düzenleme stratejileri ve stresle başa çıkma tarzları ile depresyon ve kaygı düzeyi arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amacıyla, 18-68 yaş aralığında toplam 479 katılımcıdan (324 kadın, 155 erkek) Kişilerarası Duygu Düzenleme Ölçeği (KDDÖ), Stresle Başa Çıkma Tarzları Ölçeği (SBÇÖ), Beck Kaygı Ölçeği ve Beck Depresyon Ölçeği kullanılarak veri toplanmıştır. Değişkenlerin birbirleriyle olan ilişkisini belirlemek için korelasyon analizi, kişilerarası duygu düzenleme stratejilerinin ve stresle başa çıkma tarzlarının kaygı ve depresyon düzeyine göre değişimini belirlemek için çok değişkenli varyans analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, yüksek depresyon ve kaygı düzeyi olan kişilerin stresle başa çıkmada duygu-odaklı yaklaşımları daha fazla kullandıkları ve yüksek kaygı düzeyine sahip olan kişilerin duygu düzenlemede bakış açısı edinme, sosyal model alma ve yatıştırılma stratejilerini daha fazla kullandıklarını göstermiştir. Bulgular ilgili literatür çerçevesinde tartılmış, güncel araştırmanın sınırlılıkları belirtilmiş ve gelecek araştırmalar için önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Depression and anxiety are the psychopathologies that are seen most commonly worldwide that cause many psychological (rumination, avoidance, anhedonia, etc.) and physical symptoms (psychosomatic pains, breathing difficulties, endocrine system disorders, etc.). Previous studies have shown that depression and anxiety symptoms are not observed in every person who has been exposed to similar unpleasant life events, depression and anxiety levels have shown that people use stress coping styles (self-confident approach, optimistic approach, submissive approach, desperate approach, and seeking social support approach) and interpersonal emotion regulation they benefit from. It has shown that it differs according to its strategies (enhancing positive affect, soothing, perspective-taking, and social modeling). In the current study, data were collected from a total of 479 participants (324 women, 155 men) aged 18-68 years, by using the Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Scale (IERQ), Ways of Coping Inventory (WCI), Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory in order to determine the relationship between interpersonal emotion regulation strategies and coping styles with stress and depression and anxiety levels. In order to determine the relationship between the variables, correlation analysis was conducted and multivariate analysis of variance were conducted to determine the changes in interpersonal emotion regulation strategies and coping styles according to anxiety and depression levels. Research findings showed that people with high levels of depression and anxiety use emotion-focused approaches more in coping with stress, and people with high anxiety levels use perspective taking, social modeling and shooting strategies more in emotion regulation. The findings have been discussed within the framework of the relevant literature, the limitations of the current study were stated and suggestions were proposed for future research.

Women diagnosed with breast cancer often experience unpleasant emotions, resulting in higher levels of emotional burden and decreased levels of wellbeing and quality of life. The present correlational and cross-sectional study aims to compare the implementation of two regulatory levels, intrapersonal and interpersonal (as social sharing of emotions), and two types of strategies, antecedent-focused and response-focused, and explore their impact on breast cancer patients’ perception of quality of life. Sixty-eight women previously diagnosed with the disease participated in this study, with a mean age of 63years old (SD=11.58). Data were collected through a self-report questionnaire to assess emotional experience, intrapersonal regulation, social sharing of emotions, and breast cancer-related wellbeing and quality of life. Data yielded that most of the participants regulated their negative emotions within social interactions and made more use of antecedent-focused strategies to cognitively reformulate the emotional episode. Social and family wellbeing were positively associated with antecedent-focused strategies, as well as intrapersonal and interpersonal regulatory levels. Moreover, the occurrence of sharing episodes and social interactions played an important and beneficial role on patients’ perceived quality of life. These findings reinforce the importance of promoting an adaptive intrapersonal regulation among breast cancer patients. Results also suggest that social sharing of emotions is an efficient process to help them to better cope with the psychological and emotional burden of the disease, thus positively influencing the way they perceive their social and family wellbeing, as well as their quality of life.

When experiencing personal distress, people usually expect their romantic partner to be supportive. However, when put in a situation to provide support, people may at times (still) be struggling with issues of their own. This interdependent nature of dyadic coping interactions as well as potential spillover effects is mirrored in the state-of-the-art research method to behaviorally assess couple’s dyadic coping processes. This paradigm typically includes two videotaped 8-min dyadic coping conversations in which partners swap roles as sharer and support provider. Little is known about how such dyadic coping interactions may feed back into one another, impacting the motivation and ability to be a responsive support provider. In three behavioral studies, we examined how sharers’ experiences may spill over to affect their own support provision in a subsequent dyadic coping interaction. We hypothesized that the extent to which sharers perceive their partner as responsive to their self-disclosure increases the quality of their own subsequent support provision (Hypothesis 1), whereas sharers’ lingering negative affect reduces the quality of their own subsequent support provision (Hypothesis 2). In line with our first hypothesis, perceived partner responsiveness predicted the provision of higher-quality support, though primarily as perceived by the partner. Sharers who perceived their partner to have been more responsive were somewhat more likely to subsequently engage in positive dyadic coping and were rated as more responsive by their partners. Negative dyadic coping behavior was unaffected. Evidence for our second hypothesis was mixed. While lingering negative affect did not affect positive dyadic coping behavior or perceived support, it did increase the chances of negative dyadic coping behavior. However, given the very low occurrences of negative affect and negative dyadic coping, these findings should be interpreted with caution. Taken together, these findings suggest that support interactions may feed back into one another, highlighting the complex and interdependent nature of dyadic coping. The strongest and most consistent findings concerned the spillover effect of perceived partner responsiveness on subsequent perceived support quality, speaking to the key role of believing that one’s partner is responsive to one’s needs in promoting healthy relationship functioning.

The aim of the study is to examine the relationship university students’ psychological resilience levels have with their emotional intelligence and interpersonal emotion regulation levels. The research has been designed using the relational scanning model. The study group of the research consists of 324 university students studying at a private university in Istanbul in the 2018-2019 academic year. The Revised Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale, Brief Resilience Scale and Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Questionnaire have been used to obtain the data. As a result of the research, the psychological resilience levels of the university students who participated in the study have been determined to differ with respect to gender and their emotional intelligence and interpersonal emotion regulation levels to not differ. The sub-dimensions from the Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Questionnaire of social modeling and soothing and emotional intelligence have been found to be significantly associated with psychological resilience. Together emotional intelligence and soothing sub-dimension of interpersonal emotion regulation predict psychological resilience., Araştırmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyleri ile duygusal zekâ ve kişilerarası duygu düzenleme düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Araştırma ilişkisel tarama modelinde tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılında İstanbul ilinde özel bir üniversitede öğrenim görmekte olan 324 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin elde edilmesinde “Gözden Geçirilmiş Schutte Duygusal Zeka Ölçeği”, “Kısa Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği” ve “Kişilerarası Duygu Düzenleme Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda araştırmaya katılan üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik sağlamlık düzeylerinin cinsiyete göre farklılaşmakta olduğu, duygusal zekâ ve kişilerarası duygu düzenleme düzeylerinin farklılaşmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Duygusal zekâ ve kişilerarası duygu düzenleme sosyal modelleme ve sakinleştirme alt boyutlarının psikolojik sağlamlık ile anlamlı düzeyde ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Duygusal zekanın ve kişilerarası duygu düzenleme sakinleştirme alt boyutunun birlikte psikolojik sağlamlığı yordadığı bulgusu elde edilmiştir.

Individuals’ tendency to use their interactions with others in the management of their own emotions is called Interpersonal Emotion Regulation (IER). Limited studies have explored the association between IER and psychological distress with none focusing on the role of mediating variables in this relationship. The current study aims to explore the role of negative mood regulation expectancies (NMRE), which is defined as one’s confidence in the effectiveness of their coping skills while dealing with difficult emotions, as a possible mechanism underlying the association between IER and psychological distress. The data were collected from 204 (164 women) Turkish speaking individuals whose age ranges between 18 and 32 ( M = 22.78, SD = 3.21). The participants completed measures of IER, NMRE and psychological distress. The results have indicated that NMRE has a significant mediating role in the relationship of Soothing dimension of IER with psychological distress. The present findings highlighted the maladaptive function of Soothing as an IER strategy in addition to shedding light on the important role of NMRE in this relationship.

Introduction Despite the prominence of interpersonal emotion regulation, particularly during adolescence, it is a relatively understudied area of investigation. Co-rumination is an interpersonal emotion regulation strategy that is frequently used by adolescents. Traditional examinations of co-rumination have focused on its occurrence in person, while largely overlooking digital modes of communication. This study was the first to investigate adolescents’ co-rumination across multiple communication modalities (i.e., in person, text, social media, phone) and its downstream association with affect and relationship closeness. Specifically, we examined: (1) the frequency of co-rumination across modalities, (2) the effect of co-rumination in one modality on the future use of co-rumination within that same modality (i.e., stability) and across other modalities (i.e., generalization); and (3) the prospective relation of co-rumination on negative affect, positive affect, and relationship closeness. Methods Adolescents (n = 71; 33 girls and 38 boys; Mage = 12.70 years) residing in Canada completed twice-daily diary surveys for 14 days. Results Findings indicated that adolescents co-ruminate across all modes of communication, particularly in person. There also was evidence of co-rumination stability and generalization over time for some modes of communication (within phone and from social media to in-person interactions), but not for others. Co-rumination through text and over the phone had affective and/or social benefits, whereas co-rumination through social media predicted diminished positive affect. We also identified ways these findings differed by gender. Conclusions Implications for adolescents’ emotional and social development and the field of co-rumination are discussed.

Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati donos dimenzija privrţenosti, vlastite (intrapersonalne) i partnerove (interpersonalne) regulacije afektivnih stanja kao i zadovoljstva u ljubavnoj vezi. U istraţivanju je sudjelovalo 128 sudionika koji su u ljubavnoj vezi od kojih je 75 ţenskog spola, 51 muškog spola i 2 osobe koje su se izrazile kao “non-binary” u dobi od 18 do 29 godina. Kako bi se ispitao odnos tih konstrukata korišteni su sljedeći instrumenti: Inventar iskustva u bliskim vezama, Upitnik regulacije emocija, Skala interpersonalnog upravljanja emocijama i Indeks kvalitete braka. Ispitana je povezanost dimenzija izbjegavanja i anksioznosti sa strategijama regulacije emocija u svakodnevnim, za par tipičnim situacijama. Osobe s većim rezultatom na dimenziji izbjegavanja češće koriste ekspresivnu supresiju prilikom regulacije vlastitih emocija, u slučaju regulacije partnerovih emocija u manjoj mjeri koriste promjenu kognitivne procjene, a češće modifikaciju emocionalnog odgovora. Osobe koje postiţu veće rezultate na dimenziji anksioznosti prilikom regulacije partnerovih emocija češće koriste strategiju preusmjeravanja paţnje, a manje koriste modifikaciju emocionalnog odgovora. TakoĎer, osobe s većim rezultatom na dimenzijama privrţenosti nezadovoljnije su ljubavnim odnosom, odnosno obje dimenzije su značajni negativni prediktori zadovoljstva vezom. Strategije regulacije emocija (interpersonalne i intrapersonalne) nisu značajno povezane sa zadovoljstvom u ljubavnoj vezi. Korištenje strategija regulacije emocija nije se pokazalo kao prediktor zadovoljstva u ljubavnom odnosu, iako su neke od strategija značajno povezane s dimenzijama anksioznosti i izbjegavanja što pokazuje kako imaju vaţnu ulogu u bliskim odnosima te su potrebna daljnja istraţivanja. The study aimed to examine the relation between two dimensions of attachment, intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion regulation as well as relationship satisfaction. A total of 128 individuals who were in a romantic relationship participated in this study. Seventy-five were female, fifty-one male, and two participants who expressed themselves as non-binary. The age range was from 18 to 29 years. In this study were used the following instruments: Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Interpersonal Emotion, Management Scale, and The Quality of Marriage Index. Individuals with a higher score on the avoidance dimension more often use expressive suppression when regulating their own emotions. In the case of regulating their partner's emotions they less tend to use cognitive change, and a modification of emotional response more often. People who score higher on the anxiety dimension when regulating partner’s emotions are more likely to use attention deployment, and they are less likely to use a modification of emotional response. Furthermore, people with a higher score on anxiety, and higher score on avoidance dimensions of attachment are more dissatisfied with the romantic relationship. Emotion regulation strategies (interpersonal and intrapersonal) are not significantly correlated with relationship satisfaction. However, their relation to the dimensions of attachment suggests that they play an important role in close relationships, and further research is needed.

Although research suggests distressed individuals benefit from others’ empathy, it is unclear how an individual’s level of empathy influences dyadic responses during emotional situations. In the current study, female participants ( N = 140; 70 dyads) were paired with a stranger. One member of each dyad (the experiencer) was randomly assigned to undergo a stressful task and disclose negative personal experiences to their partner (the listener). Experiencers paired with listeners higher in dispositional emotional empathy had less negative affect during emotional disclosure and lower sympathetic nervous system reactivity during the stressful task and disclosure. Listeners higher in emotional empathy reported more negative affect in response to their partner’s distress. Furthermore, for listeners higher in emotional empathy, those who more accurately rated their partner’s emotions were more physiologically influenced by their partners. Findings shed light on interpersonal functions of empathy and suggest a stranger’s level of emotional empathy regulates distressed partner’s emotions and physiology.

The field of sport psychology is rapidly advancing to incorporate interpersonal and social dynamics into the study of emotions, coping, and emotion regulation in sport. There is substantial evidence accumulating regarding the ways that athletes’ emotional expressions, emotion regulation, and coping occur within social contexts. By adopting interpersonal perspectives to consider emotional and coping processes in sport, researchers and practitioners are gaining information about the ways that athletes’ emotions, emotion regulation, and coping operate in an interdependent manner to affect sport performance and relationships between athletes and their teammates, coaches, and parents. This chapter will outline the recent ‘interpersonal turn’ regarding emotions, coping, and emotion regulation within a variety of sport contexts, ranging from youth sport to elite sport settings. We review current theories and research regarding the social and interpersonal aspects of emotions in sport, communal coping, dyadic coping, and interpersonal emotion regulation. Drawing on the research and theory conducted to date, we outline several key areas for future inquiry to advance this field of research and provide suggestions for applied practice.

To date, the field of emotion regulation (ER) has largely focused on intrinsic ER (i.e., regulation of one's own emotions) and has only recently started to investigate extrinsic ER (i.e., regulation of another person's emotions). This article selectively reviews current findings in order to answer the following questions: (a) What is extrinsic ER, and how can it be distinguished from related constructs such as emotion contagion, empathy, prosocial behavior, and social support? (b) How can we best model the processes through which extrinsic ER occurs as well as individual differences in extrinsic ER ability? The answers show that although extrinsic ER has much in common with intrinsic ER, the 2 cannot be equated. Research is therefore needed on the extrinsic side of ER. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Where do individual differences in emotion regulation come from? This review examines theoretical and empirical evidence describing the role that personality traits play in shaping individuals' intrapersonal and interpersonal regulation styles. We define and delineate personality traits and emotion regulation and summarize empirical relations between them. Specifically, we review research on the Big Five personality traits in relation to each stage of Gross' (2015) extended process model of emotion regulation. In doing so, we document evidence concerning the relationships between personality traits and three key stages of emotion regulation, namely, identification (i.e., choosing which emotions to regulate), selection (i.e., choosing a broad regulatory approach), and implementation (i.e., adopting specific regulatory tactics). Finally, we make recommendations for future research that we hope will guide researchers in building a systematic understanding of how personality traits shape intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion regulation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

In the context of research on depression, previous studies have explained relationships between excessive-reassurance seeking and mental health from the perspective of interpersonal rejection by significant others. The present study examined the mechanisms underlying these relationships from the perspective of “emotionships”, which indicates the diversity of interpersonal networks for emotion regulation. We also examined how the most significant other’s interpersonal acceptance plays a role in processes that underlie the relationship between excessive-reassurance seeking and mental health as mediated through emotionships. 118 students completed three questionnaires. First, they completed measures of excessive-reassurance seeking, depression and well-being. Second, to assess emotionships, participants nominated individuals they seek in different emotion regulation scenarios. Third, participants selected the most significant other that they nominated previously and answered questions about this individual’s acceptance tendency. Moderated mediation analysis results indicated that in a case that the most significant other did not tend to accept others, those who engaged in excessive-reassurance seeking had fewer emotionships, and fewer emotionships predicted deterioration of well-being. In contrast, when the most significant other tended to accept others, these negative effects of ERS behavior on well-being via emotionships were not found. These findings suggest that maintaining interpersonal networks for emotion regulation and the most significant other’s interpersonal acceptance may be important for preventing deterioration of mental health among excessive-reassurance seekers.