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[Display omitted] • An integrated approach for bioremediating contaminated soil was proposed. • Bacillus and Paenibacillus strains were used for biosurfactant production. • About 97 % of crude oil degradation was obtained within 15 days by both strains. • Iron oxide nanoparticles were green synthesized using Aerva lanata flower extract. • The approach effectively treated hydrocarbon and heavy metal co-contaminated soil. The innate resources of water and land are polluted by hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and other organic/inorganic compounds, and pollutants have become a significant concern because of their persistent and hydrophobic nature in the environment. In this study, two effective biosurfactant-producing indigenous bacterial strains, Bacillus subtilis strain R6 and Paenibacillus dendritiformis strain S2, were selected based on screening tests. First, we targeted the biodegradation of crude oil (C 9 –C 30 hydrocarbons) by the bacterial strains in a mineral salt medium under optimal conditions for 15 days. The results revealed that both strains obtained approximately 97 % degradation efficiency. Simultaneously, iron oxide nanoparticles with a size of 10 nm were green synthesized using Aerva lanata flower extract and confirmed with different spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. Furthermore, the bioremediation of soil co-contaminated with crude oil and heavy metals was performed using a mixed consortium of B. subtilis strain R6 and P. dendritiformis strain S2, iron oxide nanoparticles (1 and 2 g/kg), and a biosurfactant under optimal conditions. Toxicity assessments were performed by growing Vigna radiata in the bioremediated soil. Significant bioremediation efficiencies were observed in the biosurfactant and iron oxide nanoparticle-added systems, reaching a maximum efficiency of 99 % in system VII. This integrated approach can be used for the practical treatment of co-contaminated environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundAn integrated and holistic approach is increasingly advocated in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), based on the “Atrial fibrillation Better Care (ABC) pathway: A, Avoid stroke with anticoagulation; B, better symptom management; C, cardiovascular and comorbidity risk management.” The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of adherence to each component of the ABC pathway and to analyze its impact on long-term prognosis in the “real-world” cohort of AF patients from the FANTASIIA registry.MethodsThis prospective study included consecutive AF outpatients anticoagulated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) or vitamin K antagonists (VKA) from June 2013 to October 2014. From the ABC pathway, adherence to the “A criterion” was defined by a time in the therapeutic range (TTR) ≥ 70% or correct dose with DOAC; “B criterion” adherence was defined by a European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) Symptom Scale I-II; and “C criterion” adherence was defined as optimized risk factors and comorbidity management. Baseline features and embolic events, severe bleeding, and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality rates up to 3 years of follow-up were analyzed, and a Cox multivariate analysis was performed to investigate the role of each component of the ABC pathway in predicting major events.ResultsA total of 1,955 AF patients (age: 74.4 ± 9.4 years; 43.2% female patients) were included in this study: adherence to A criterion was observed in 920 (47.1%) patients; adherence to B criterion was observed in 1,791 (91.6%) patients; and adherence to C criterion was observed in 682 (34.8%) patients. Only 394 (20.2%) of the whole population had good control of AF according to the ABC pathway. After a median follow-up of 1,078 days (IQR: 766–1,113), adherence to A criterion was independently associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality [HR: 0.67, 95%CI (0.45–0.99); p = 0.048] compared with non-adherence. Adherence to the B criterion was independently associated with reduced stroke [HR: 0.28, 95%CI (0.14–0.59); p < 0.001], all-cause mortality [HR: 0.49, 95%CI (0.35–0.69); p < 0.001], cardiovascular mortality [HR: 0.39, 95%CI (0.25–0.62); p < 0.001], and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) [HR: 0.41, 95%CI (0.28–0.62); p < 0.001] compared with non-adherence. AF patients with C criterion adherence had a significantly lower risk of myocardial infarction [HR: 0.31, 95%CI (0.15–0.66); p < 0.001]. Fully adherent ABC patients had a significant reduction in MACE [HR: 0.64, 95%CI (0.42–0.99); p = 0.042].ConclusionIn real-world anticoagulated AF patients from FANTASIIA registry, we observed a lack of adherence to integrated care management of AF following the ABC pathway. AF managed according to the ABC pathway was associated with a significant reduction in adverse outcomes during long follow-up, suggesting the benefit of a holistic and integrated approach to AF management.

Ramon Margalef was a pioneering scientist who introduced an interdisciplinary approach to ecological studies. His studies were among the first to incorporate various concepts in the literature of aquatic ecology, covering topics such as organisms, ecosystem interactions and evolution. To bring Margalef’s approach into current scientific studies, in this review we explore his vision of aquatic ecology within four interrelated fields of study: ecological theory, microbial diversity, biogeochemical cycles and global environmental changes. Taking inspiration from his studies, we analyse current scientific challenges and propose an integrated approach, considering the unifying concept of Margalef’s Mandala with the aim of improving future studies on aquatic microbial ecology.

There are different approaches to modelling the products at the End of Life (EOL), including closed loop approach, the ladder of lansink and material flow. The sustainability principles and the complexity of the products may affect the choice of modelling type. The life cycle costs, several subsystems and the interaction between design features, construction, technology, suppliers and legislation affect the degree of complexity of the products. Hence, developing appropriate strategies are required for modelling EOL phase of the complex products. This article presents strategies for modelling EOL phase of complex products considering sustainability tools, EOL phase models and the characteristics of these products. An ingenerated approach is proposed to address the four essential aspects of the complex product at the EOL: operational, tactical, strategic and sustainability. The case of aircraft at the EOL is presented to highlight the application of the proposed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analytical and experimental studies of the aircraft’s supersonic air intakes have been carried out. An integrated approach to the gas-dynamic designing of aircraft’s supersonic air intakes that eliminates the scale effect problem of a wind tunnel with a small-sized testing area is proposed. The designing approach accelerates the development process and reduces the resource intensity due to the rational distribution of tasks between numerical and physical experiments. The results of the unique tests of the scaled ramjet’s air intake physical model in the supersonic wind tunnel are presented.

Each method has different function and characteristic. One method is not enough to achieve four language skills in Arabic language learning. We need a method that is able to accommodate the weaknesses of the previous method. This research aimed to examine the implementation of eclectic method based on all in one system approach. This method integrates the various methods in language teaching and achieves four language skills. This research provided a new model to implementation the methods, specifically eclectic method and their connection with Arabic language skills. The method used in this research was qualitative method based on text analysis. The data research was collected from sources of books, journal articles, or matters relating to the topic of this study. The result of this research was the use of an eclectic method based on all in one system approach (integrated approach) which can facilitate Arabic language teaching. A language teacher needs to consider this method for students. This research also examined the various aspects and how they could be useful for teacher in Arabic language classroom. The study provided further support for the use of eclectic method for student in mastering four Arabic language skills.

One of the most critical objectives in the healthcare system is maximising patient flows in the emergency care patient pathway. Patient emergency flow analysis indicates that the timetabling of a patient’s movement from one activity to another through the Emergency Department (ED) is critical for treating patients. The ED deals with the patient’s arrival, triage, physician assessment, imaging and laboratory studies, treatment planning, nursing procedures, and decisions to admit or discharge the patient. Any delayed activities in patient flow reduce the service level of healthcare. To address these challenges, this paper develops a stochastic ED Simulation-Optimisation approach by considering stochastic variables, such as patient interarrival times and treatment times, using statistical distributions. This type of distribution depends on two main elements: day shifts and patient categories. A hybrid evolutionary algorithm is integrated with the simulation to find a satisfactory solution for this stochastic optimisation problem in real time. Computational experiments show that the proposed approach can serve more patients in specific time windows or provide the same quality of the service with the use of fewer medical resources.

In many cities in developing countries, the design and implementation of flood adaptation measures face planning challenges, they are often underdeveloped in practice. This paper aims to investigate the potential for urban flood adaptation solutions and design in practice within the context of a climate-vulnerable Southeast Asian city. We specifically explore the "design workshop" -- an essential process providing valuable experience and conditions for effective climate adaptation in Bangkok. As part of our research, the workshop was organized to introduce and experiment the implication of adaptation pathway approach with designers, urban planners, and decision-makers. Findings reveal that the design workshop provided a collaborative environment, offers transformative space for formulating integrated and context-specific flood adaptation solutions - new possibilities for urban climate resilience in the making. The application of the adaptation pathways facilitates a concrete, quantifiable, and time-bound design process for identifying and sequencing potential flood adaptation measures in Bangkok. Consequently, this paper concludes that multidisciplinary and collaborative processes, along with the introduction of adaptation pathways, stimulating urban flood adaptation planning and implementation in a more collaborative and participative way. However, it is important to note that the feasibility assessment of the proposed solutions still requires essential conditions such as policy synchronization, technical skills, and local resources. To effectively realize these strategies in real-world urban planning practice, this research suggests that local governments should consider implementing a multidisciplinary design process in urban development and flood risk management. • There are opportunities for assessing co-benefits of adaptation measures at the local level. • The flood resilience planning should incorporate real-time data to identify long-term adaptation strategies. • The local government should invite a stimulating design approach along with experimentation of various adaptive measures. • Multidisciplinary approaches are essential for successful flood resilience planning in Bangkok. • The Adaptation Pathways helps to demonstrate the possibilities for long-term perspectives in Flood Risk Management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with the use of building performance simulation (BPS) in higher education. It investigates the methods used to integrate BPS into experimental building projects in Solar Decathlon Europe 2021/2022 (SDE21/22), the most recent European edition of an international university-level student competition on designing, building, and operating high-performance, low-carbon, and solar-powered houses. Previous editions of the competition are reviewed to identify pedagogical approaches, challenges, and potentials. The adoption of BPS in SDE21/22 is explored through the results of the competition, the reports of the participating teams, and cross-referencing them to find out how effective the methods for introducing BPS in design and operation were. The integration of building performance into the curricula of the participating universities is investigated to see if higher integration meant higher success in the competition. A survey is conducted to learn about the teams' experiences in using BPS tools to understand the integrative effectiveness of the design and performance components. The main findings show that the integrated BPS is possible when (1) implemented together with experiential learning methods, (2) introduced starting from early design, (3) discussed through comparison of simulated data with reality, (4) provided with multidisciplinary supervision and continuous feedback, and (5) applied with BPS tools that are easy to use and integrated into a design tool. The aim of the study is to identify teaching methods that have the potential to enable the integrated use of BPS and to offer future perspectives for a more effective use of BPS in higher education. • Literature review on pedagogical approaches and methods for BPS in Solar Decathlon. • Evaluation of the adoption of BPS in SDE21/22: A review of methods, tools and approaches. • Exploration of the experiences in using BPS tools in SDE21/22: A survey. • Investigation of the integration of building performance in the curriculum of the participating universities in SDE21/22: A review. • Identification of the key teaching methods for integrated BPS teaching in engineering and architectural education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil erosion is an important environmental problem that can have various negative consequences, such as land degradation, which affects sustainable development and agricultural production, especially in developing countries like Tunisia. Moreover, soil erosion is a major problem around the world because of its effects on soil fertility by nutriment loss and siltation in water bodies. Apart from this, soil erosion by water is the most serious type of land loss in several regions both locally and globally. This study evaluated regional soil erosion risk through the derivation of appropriate factors, using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), which was applied to establish a soil erosion risk map of the whole Tunisian territory and to identify the vulnerable areas of the country. The RUSLE model considers all the factors playing a major role in erosion processes, namely the erodibility of soils, topography, land use, rainfall erosivity, and anti-erosion farming practices. The equation is, thus, implemented under the Geographic Information System (GIS) “Arc GIS Desktop”. The results indicated that Tunisia has a serious risk of soil water erosion, showing that 6.43% of the total area of the country is affected by a very high soil loss rate, estimated at more than 30 t/ha/year, and 4.20% is affected by high mean annual soil losses, ranging from 20 to 30 t/ha/year. The most eroded areas were identified in the southwestern, central, and western parts of the country. The spatial erosion map can be used as a decision support document to guide decision-makers towards better land management and provide the opportunity to develop management strategies for soil erosion prevention and control on the global scale of Tunisia.

The monitoring and evaluation of air quality is a topic of great global interest as, with the decline of air quality, there are negative effects on human health and ecosystems. Thus, the purpose of this paper was to evaluate the air quality over 11 years, in the period 2011–2021, in four cities in Romania, reported as most polluted, namely, Brasov, Cluj-Napoca, Iasi, and Timisoara. Pollutants of interest included arsenic, carbon monoxide, and PM2.5. The measured concentrations of the selected pollutants were collected from the National Environmental Protection Agency public reports. The database considered the daily measurements for the selected pollutants, from three monitoring stations in each city so that the air quality and trends for the last 11 years and impact assessment could be developed. Therefore, the input data were statistically analyzed to identify the trends of air quality, and then, on this basis, the environmental impacts and risks and health hazards were quantified. High concentrations of PM2.5 were recorded for Iasi city, while for Timisoara city, significant concentrations of arsenic were reported. The results regarding the air quality aggregate index, air pollution index, and health hazard index were in the regular range, but in the case of sensitive, vulnerable targets such as children, they were triple compared to adults. The results show that the alert threshold value for PM2.5 was exceeded every year in all four cities, while in the case of Timisoara city, the arsenic air pollution proved to be at a significant level with a major risk for human health.

The article analyzes the current role of a game as a universal cognitive method based on relevant literary sources to justify the need to reform the system of professional training for primary school teachers. The article aims to develop, theoretically justify and experimentally verify the newly modelled pedagogical conditions for training future primary school teachers to organize game-based music activities of primary school pupils, as well as methods of implementing these conditions in teacher education. Importantly, the article demonstrates how the author's methodology for implementing these pedagogical conditions has been developed, implemented and quasiexperimentally verified. As part of preliminary, technological-practical, and creativeorganizational stages of such professional training, the new model involves the consistent use of the author's techniques and algorithms to organize students' activities in the framework of professional-oriented courses, research projects, as well as an optional course "Practice of Organizing Game-Based Music Activities for Primary School Pupils". The international relevance of the article lies in developing and implementing universal educational conditions to train future primary school teachers to organize game-based music activities under today's conditions of globalization and informatization. The obtained data indicate some positive changes in quasi-experimental groups due to the implemented pedagogical conditions at the final stage of the research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among octocorals, colonies of the deep-sea pennatulacean genus Umbellula Gray, 1870 are some of the most instantly recognisable forms. Historically however, species identification in this genus has been usually based on few morphological characters with very little knowledge of associated intraspecific variability. This fact, combined with the very limited access to these deep-sea organisms, has resulted in numerous uncertainties about the true characters that should be used in species determination and recognition of synonyms and questionable species. Recent phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers has shown to be an excellent complementary source of information to morphological examination, being able to detect incongruent taxonomic assignments in classifications based only on morphological characters. Molecular analyses can reveal the presence of paraphyletic or polyphyletic groupings of taxa that may then be the subject of further research integrating morphological and molecular techniques. This paper addresses the existence of a set of specimens initially assigned to the genus Umbellula Gray, 1870 but that have been shown to be distantly related to the type species Umbellula encrinus (Linnaeus, 1758) based on molecular phylogenetic hypotheses. Phylogenetic analyses based on four genetic markers, three mitochondrial (mtMutS , ND2 , Cox1) and one nuclear (28S), validate the definition of a new family (Pseudumbbellulidae fam. nov.) and two new genera (Pseudumbbellula gen. nov. and Solumbellula gen. nov). These analyses also justify the segregation of some of the morphological characters previously included in the diagnosis of the genus Umbellula and the monotypic family Umbellulidae Kölliker, 1880. Moreover, a new species, Pseudumbbellula scotiae sp. nov. is described and illustrated with material from the North Eastern Atlantic and compared with congeners. Additionally, the well-known but atypical species Umbellula monocephalus Pasternak, 1964 is transferred and described here as Solumbellula monocephalus (Pasternak, 1964), comb. nov., based on both molecular data and morphology. A phylogenetic analysis based on four genetic markers segregates material previously considered to belong to the octocoral genus Umbellula into a new family, two new genera and a new species. The complementary use of molecular and morphological data is necessary to disaggregate paraphyletic and polyphyletic groups when detected to understand the evolutionary pathways giving rise to the diversity in this and other groups of taxonomically challenging invertebrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating how primary school teachers encounter the integrated approach in the social studies textbooks. This research was done with a descriptive phenomenological approach. The participants in this research were 15 teachers of elementary education in Faminin city in the academic year of 1999-1400, who were sampled by snowball method. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview with general questions were approved by three curriculum studies experts and a pilot study. The data of this research were analyzed by coding and categorization in three levels of awareness, attitude and behavior. In order to evaluate the validity of the research findings, the method of member checking was used by two of the research participants. The results showed that the teachers have a good knowledge of the integrated approach and consider its philosophy to be the interdisciplinary nature of social studies science and the creation of coherent knowledge for students. Also, they have a positive attitude towards this approach and consider it effective due to providing multidimensional knowledge, emphasis on concepts, lasting learning, students' interest and reducing the number of course titles. Of course, some teachers resist it due to the disappearance of the boundaries of science, difficulty in evaluation, ambiguity of the teacher in teaching and getting used to the traditional way. In the implementation of the integrated approach, teachers use some components of active teaching in describing their method, which indicates that despite the appropriate awareness and positive attitude, there are still many uncertainties regarding implementation of the integrated approach for teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural heritage is not simply the stock of a given culture's material assets, but also the sum of our memory and identity – and this is part of the increasing significance of cultural heritage. Cultural heritage today is not only a resource in need of protection, but also a potential that must be exploited for future development. The three issues of significance for the future condition of our historic resources should be emphasized. The first is the rapidly accelerating process of transformation of the entire built heritage stock. The second is the increasing need for heritage. The third issue is the clear shift in emphasis from the value of the heritage to the needs of society. This breeds an increasing need for us to redefine ourselves and open up to others, so promoting the interaction between social capital and heritage is becoming vital for the rebuilding of social cohesion. Social capital should be nurtured as an opportunity both for the protection of cultural heritage and for its exploitation as a pro-development resource. It is also a big challenge for the Cultural Mega-events that may, and should, be well melded into a policy of building a broad base of heritage awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Large lagoons usually show a salinity gradient due to fresh water tributaries with inner areas characterized by lower mean values and higher fluctuation of salinity than seawater-dominated areas. In the Venice Lagoon, this ecotonal environment, characterized in the past by oligo-mesohaline waters and large intertidal areas vegetated by reedbeds, was greatly reduced by historical human environmental modifications, including the diversion of main rivers outside the Venice Lagoon. The reduction of the fresh water inputs caused a marinization of the lagoon, with an increase in salinity and the loss of the related habitats, biodiversity, and ecosystem services. To counteract this issue, conservation actions, such as the construction of hydraulic infrastructures for the introduction and the regulation of a fresh water flow, can be implemented. The effectiveness of these actions can be preliminarily investigated and then verified through the combined implementation of environmental monitoring and numerical modeling. Through the results of the monitoring activity carried out in Venice Lagoon in the framework of the Life Lagoon Refresh (LIFE16NAT/IT/000663) project, the study of salinity is shown to be a successful and robust combination of different types of monitoring techniques. In particular, the characterization of salinity is obtained by the acquisition of continuous data, field campaigns, and numerical modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study draws attention to the application of the binary lesson considered as a non-traditional methodological idea in historical education. In this type of lesson, the joint, joint and cohesive work of two teachers stands out. Exemplary variants of binary pedagogical practice are presented through selected topics from the studied historical content integrated with the subjects “Bulgarian Language and Literature” and “Physical Education and Sports” in junior high school and high school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Even though international capital flows bring significant direct and indirect economic benefits, in case of pronounced volatility, they may increase the risk of crises and adversely affect economic growth. Therefore, the policymakers are challenged to determine how to effectively harness the benefits while mitigating the risks associated with the international capital flows. This paper discusses several aspects related to managing international capital flows. We show how the approach of international financial institutions toward capital flows management measures has adapted to the changing global environment. We detail the current operational framework for capital flow management and report on the recent international practice with capital flow management. The analyzed data show that capital account openness has gradually increased, whereas, on the net, macroprudential policy has mostly been tightened. Eventually, we discuss the most recent recommendations regarding international capital flow management measures within the novel Integrated Policy Framework. In the future, further promotion and development of a consistent global approach toward managing international capital flows should remain one of the main objectives of international financial institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional approach for biodegradation of organic matter in sewage treatment used a consortium of bacterial spp. that produce untreated or partially treated inorganic contaminants resulting in large amounts of poor-quality sludge. The aeration process of activated sludge treatment requires high energy. So, a sustainable technique for sewage treatment that could produce less amount of sludge and less energy demanding is required for various developed and developing countries. This led to research into using microalgae for wastewater treatment as they reduce concentrations of nutrients like inorganic nitrates and phosphates from the sewage water, hence reducing the associated chemical oxygen demand (COD). The presence of microalgae removes nutrient concentration in water resulting in reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and toxic heavy metals like Al, Ni, and Cu. Their growth also offers opportunity to produce biofuels and bioproducts from algal biomass. To optimize use of microalgae, technologies like high-rate algal ponds (HRAPs) have been developed, that typically use 22% of the electricity used in Sequencing Batch Reactors for activated sludge treatment with added economic and environmental benefits like reduced comparative operation cost per cubic meter, mitigate global warming, and eutrophication potentials. The addition of suitable bacterial species may further enhance the treatment potential in the wastewater medium as the inorganic nutrients are assimilated into the algal biomass, while the organic nutrients are utilized by bacteria. Further, the mutual exchange of CO2 and O2 between the algae and the bacteria helps in enhancing the photosynthetic activity of algae and oxidation by bacteria leading to a higher overall nutrient removal efficiency. Even negative interactions between algae and bacteria mediated by various secondary metabolites (phycotoxins) have proven beneficial as it controls the algal bloom in the eutrophic water bodies. Herein, we attempt to review various opportunities and limitations of using a combination of microalgae and bacteria in wastewater treatment method toward cost effective, eco-friendly, and sustainable method of sewage treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study provides an evaluation of the implementation of a school-based integrated approach to improve academic outcomes by targeting children's education, health, and poverty. A two-year municipal subsidy program was provided to four primary schools in a deprived urban neighborhood in Amsterdam. Schools were put in charge of the implementation and coordination of the program. The municipality and district authorities provided assistance. This study evaluated whether the program functioned as integrated approach, i.e. whether it targeted multiple domains and environments by involving various agencies and actors, and what factors facilitated or hampered this. It also yielded an overview of the initiatives implemented and the facilitators and barriers of successful implementation of initiatives. Principals' perceptions served as the main input for this study. We thematically analyzed seven written customized plans for spending the subsidy (one to two per school), 15 transcripts of interviews with the principals (three to four per school) and the minutes of 16 meetings between principals, policy officers, and researchers. According to the principals, the schools had made great progress in the education domain and in improving the school's pedagogical climate, but in the health and poverty domains less progress had been made. Apart from the municipality, relatively few external agencies and actors had been actively involved in the program, and progress in other environments than the school was hardly achieved. This study shows that functioning of the program as integrated approach was facilitated by connections between initiatives, and that hired, well-trusted third parties may be crucial to establish these connections. Lay summary This study evaluated whether a two-year municipal program to improve academic outcomes by targeting children's education, health, and poverty, provided to primary schools in a deprived urban neighborhood, functioned as intended, and if so why, or if not, why not. The program was intended to function as integrated approach. This means that it was supposed to target the mentioned domains, the school, home, and neighborhood environment, and to involve various agencies and actors, such as school staff, policy officers, parents, children, and external organizations. The school principals could implement multiple, self-chosen, initiatives. According to the principals, on whose perceptions this evaluation study was primarily based, both teaching and the school climate improved during the program. However, improvements in children's health and poverty levels, and outside the school environment in general, were more difficult to achieve. In addition, the program involved mainly school staff and policy officers. The program thus functioned as an integrated approach, but only to a limited extent. The functioning of the program as integrated approach was facilitated by involving hired third parties to stimulate interconnection of initiatives, i.e. initiatives serving the same goals, involving multiple agencies and actors, and/or being implemented in the same location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: An outbreak of VIM carbapenemase-expressing Enterobacter cloacae complex occurred between March and October 2020 in an intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care and teaching hospital in France. At the same time, the hospital was facing the COVID-19 first wave.Aim: To describe the management of an outbreak caused by a VIM-producing Enterobacter cloacae complex strain during the COVID-19 pandemic in an ICU and to show the importance of an integrated approach.Methods: A multi-focal investigation was conducted including descriptive and molecular epidemiology, environmental screening, and assessment of infection prevention and control measures.Findings: A total of 14 cases were identified in this outbreak with a high attributable mortality rate (85.7%). The outbreak management was coordinated by a crisis cell, and involved the implementation of multi-disciplinary actions such as: enhanced hygiene measures, microbiological and molecular analysis of patients and environmental E. cloacae complex strains, and simulation-based teaching. All 23 E. cloacae complex strains isolated from patients and environment samples belonged to multi-locus sequence type ST78 and carried bla-VIM4 gene. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, all but two isolates were also found to belong to a single cluster. Although the source of this outbreak could not be pinpointed, the spread of the strain was controlled thanks to this multi-focal approach and multi-disciplinary implementation.Conclusion: This investigation highlighted the usefulness of Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy in the rapid typing of outbreak strains as well as the importance of an integrated approach to successfully fight against multidrug-resistant micro-organism dissemination and healthcare-associated infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An approach for post-frac production profiling has been presented in this study by integrating a fracture model with a reservoir simulation model for a well drilled in tight sand reservoir of Lower Indus Basin in Pakistan. The presented integrated approach couples the output from the fracture growth model with a reservoir simulation model to effectively predict the behavior of a fractured reservoir. Optimization of hydraulic fracturing was done efficiently through the work presented in this study. The integrated model was used to perform various sensitivities. The production profiles obtained for each case were subsequently used to determine the most profitable case, using an economic model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many of the world's rivers are dammed, altering the physiology, behaviour, ecology and survival of fish. Integrative research has the potential to improve our understanding of these impacts and could enable environmental managers to develop effective solutions for population conservation. Such approaches, however, are not yet prevalent. We use a case study on Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) in British Columbia, Canada, to demonstrate how regulated rivers may be used as experimental systems, allowing for applied research that can advance our understanding of the biology of migratory fish as well as our ability to manage them. Through the integration of multiple research approaches (i.e. biotelemetry, behavioural tests, physiological and molecular analyses, and hydraulic monitoring), we characterized the effects of natal water dilution and dam flow releases on upstream navigation, passage success and post-passage survival of returning adult salmon. Our findings confirmed previously established operational guidelines for natal water dilution and informed the adoption of new operational conditions for dam flow releases, providing an example of the successful application of integrative research to the management of a fisheries resource in a regulated river. We encourage researchers to consider using an experimental approach that integrates multiple research disciplines to inform science-based management action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An NP-hard problem like Flexible Job Shop Scheduling (FJSP) tends to be more complex and requires more computational effort to optimize the objectives with contradictory measures. This paper aims to address the FJSP problem with combined and contradictory objectives, like minimization of make-span, maximum workload, and total workload. This paper proposes ‘Hybrid Adaptive Firefly Algorithm’ (HAdFA), a new enhanced version of the classic Firefly Algorithm (FA) embedded with adaptive parameters to optimize the multi objectives concurrently. The proposed algorithm has adopted two adaptive strategies, i.e., an adaptive randomization parameter (α) and an effective heterogeneous update rule for fireflies. The adaptations proposed by this paper can help the optimization process to strike a balance between diversification and intensification. Further, an enhanced local search algorithm, Simulated Annealing (SA), is hybridized with Adaptive FA to explore the local solution space more efficiently. This paper has also attempted to solve FJSP by a rarely used integrated approach where assignment and sequencing are done simultaneously. Empirical simulations on benchmark instances demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed algorithms, thus providing a competitive edge over other nature-inspired algorithms to solve FJSP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The modern trends are outlined in the training of future preschool teachers in modern conditions on the basis of generalization and analysis of experience in applying an integrated approach to training first (bachelor) degree of education, specialty 012 «Preschool Education» at the Faculty of Preschool Education H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University. The integrated approach to the training of future professionals is considered as a set of forms and methods that ensure the process as well as the result of professional competence, accompanied by increasing system of knowledge, comprehensive student's skills, which are expressed in a combination of theoretical and practical training and multifaceted graduator's personality. Introduction of a new pedagogical category «integrated approach in education» in scientific discourse involves building the content of a separate educational program or educational field in the form of a didactic model based on a combination of knowledge elements from different fields, different spheres and implementation of using integrated forms and methods. The authors emphasize that content integration is closely related to technology, which is a combination of methods and forms of organization of the training process, inherented in different models of the educational process. The faculty's of Preschool Education experience H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University is analyzed, where three dimensions of didactic integration are used: on the first there is integration interactions in the form of interdisciplinary connections; the second - involves the synthesis of related sciences in the content of a certain basic educational component of the educational program; the third is implemented in the presence of theoretical and technical (methodological) tools of normative and variable educational components of educational programs of different levels of education, ie the creation of a holistic integration system of higher education for specialty 012 «Preschool Education». Integrated educational components are developed and implemented in these dimensions. The increase of the unity understanding level and integrity of pedagogical phenomena, creates conditions for the transformation of knowledge into beliefs, personal and professional readiness, contributes to the creation of future specialists generalized system of theories, concepts, categories, concepts that are the basis of their professional worldview, improve the quality of professional training of future teachers. In the system of integration and professional training of bachelor's degree graduators, such a function is complemented by educational components created by end-to-end integration and systematization of the content of educational components of the normative part of the educational program. Since 2020, the Faculty of Preschool Education has developed, implemented and tested two such integrated educational components in educational and professional training programs for first-year (bachelor's) applicants: «Methodical support of educational activities of children in the field of artistic and aesthetic and speech-communicative development of children at pre-school educational establishments» and «Methodological support of educational activities of children in the development of natural and logical-mathematical competencies of children», which combine different educational lines of preschool education at pre-school educational establishments. The study of scientific research and experience of future educators training provides a reasonable conclusion of the author that integration as the main trend in training contributes to the formation of a holistic system of knowledge, skills and abilities of higher education, development of their thinking and creativity, and integration approach to education the effectiveness of the educational and professional program of training students of the first (bachelor's) degree of professional education in the specialty 012 «Preschool Education». [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The current state of the education system is characterized by the transition to a new qualitative level, which has positive changes in the teaching of physics and professionallyoriented disciplines based on STEM technologies. Therefore, the current stage of development of physics education aims to solve the problems of formation, development and self-realization of the students/cadets, which becomes possible by creating appropriate pedagogical conditions that promote self-knowledge, self-improvement and development of creative potential. The article considers the methodological aspects of integration in the development of methods of teaching physics and professionally-oriented disciplines based on STEM technologies. The conceptual apparatus of «integration» and «interdisciplinarity» is outlined. The scientific and theoretical aspect of the methodology of teaching physics based on STEMtechnologies in terms of integrated and interdisciplinary approaches is considered, and the effectiveness of the proposed methodological system of teaching physics and professionallyoriented disciplines on compliance with educational programs of technical aviation, which also allows to ensure the formation of the basic conceptual apparatus of physics in students and strengthen their independent cognitive and exploratory activities. The results of the study were tested and received a positive assessment at various levels of activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integrated defence resources management is an organisational approach developed in order to provide a tailored and suitable response to the security challenges within the Romanian society. It was assumed by the Ministry of Defence and it aims to bring a holistic image of the resources potential. The general purpose of the integrated approach is to put together the military and civil institutions in order to support and enhance the national security system by handling the designated resources. In order to develop and implement a managerial approach you have to start with the core elements of the approach. The subject covered in the article is centred on the basics and try to cover three main issues: the fundamental elements of the integrated approach, the factors that are interdependent and interacting within the defence resources field and resilience of the defence resources area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patriarch Nikon’s letters of 1659?1662 to Boyar N. A. Zyuzun, his comrade and prot?g?, have not been a topic for a specicialised study. Historical science continues to be interested in Patriarch Nikon’s activities, which requires the publication, historical and philological commentary and an integrated study of these letters. The relevance of study of these letters is strengthened by a clearly manifested tendency in the development of the present-day humanities towards interdisciplinary studies and making an anthropologically oriented history. The novel character of the study is due to the examination of the newly-discovered texts as part of the complex of the “case” of Patriarch Boyar Zyuzin which reveal one of the key events in Patriarch Nikon’s biography, i.e. his attempt to return to the Patriarch’s see. The epistolary texts concerning Zyuzin’s “case” are examined in the light of the scientifi c objectiveness and in line with the historical and philological approach. The introductory article provides a brief outline of the specialist opinions about Nikon’s deed and Zyuzin’s participation in it. It presents an analysis of content-related and literary features of Patriarch Nikon’s and Boyar Zyzin’s letters. Judging by the topic range and character of the letters, Patriarch and his boyar had friendly and confi dential relations due to which Patriarch Nikon in accordance with God’s will decided to return to Moscow, while Zyuzin attempted to conciliate the Patriarch and the Tsar. An integrated evaluation of the newly-discovered letters allows us to broaden the existing ideas about Patriarch Nikon’s and Boyar N. A. Zyuzin’s personalities and comprehend Tsar Alexey Mikhailovich’s participation in the event.

The article is devoted to the scientific heritage and life path of the professor of the faculty of psychology A.V. Yarmolenko. The scientific research of A.V. Yarmolenko was largely determined by the ideas of her teacher V.M. Ankylosing spondylitis - the founder of the St. Petersburg psychological school. First of all, these are the ideas of an integrated approach, as well as the study of pathological phenomena as a method of understanding normal psychology. The position that the mental development of abnormal and normal children proceeds according to the same laws is also important. A.V. Yarmolenko carried out the first multilateral clinical and psychological study of the ontogenetic characteristics of children with simultaneous visual and hearing impairment.

This article highlights the added value of the interdisciplinary approaches to develop integrated perspectives on the relationship between person, state, and law in the conditions of major changes and patterns of the current social reality caused by the pandemic crisis. Therefore, we outline two essential formulas that frame the research: the homo sapiens, with reason, as an essential asset that shapes his/her personality, and homo juridicus, with rights and freedoms, aware of his/her actions and responsibilities.

The traditional approach for biodegradation of organic matter in sewage treatment used a consortium of bacterial spp. that produce untreated or partially treated inorganic contaminants resulting in large amounts of poor-quality sludge. The aeration process of activated sludge treatment requires high energy. So, a sustainable technique for sewage treatment that could produce less amount of sludge and less energy demanding is required for various developed and developing countries. This led to research into using microalgae for wastewater treatment as they reduce concentrations of nutrients like inorganic nitrates and phosphates from the sewage water, hence reducing the associated chemical oxygen demand (COD). The presence of microalgae removes nutrient concentration in water resulting in reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and toxic heavy metals like Al, Ni, and Cu. Their growth also offers opportunity to produce biofuels and bioproducts from algal biomass. To optimize use of microalgae, technologies like high-rate algal ponds (HRAPs) have been developed, that typically use 22% of the electricity used in Sequencing Batch Reactors for activated sludge treatment with added economic and environmental benefits like reduced comparative operation cost per cubic meter, mitigate global warming, and eutrophication potentials. The addition of suitable bacterial species may further enhance the treatment potential in the wastewater medium as the inorganic nutrients are assimilated into the algal biomass, while the organic nutrients are utilized by bacteria. Further, the mutual exchange of CO2 and O2 between the algae and the bacteria helps in enhancing the photosynthetic activity of algae and oxidation by bacteria leading to a higher overall nutrient removal efficiency. Even negative interactions between algae and bacteria mediated by various secondary metabolites (phycotoxins) have proven beneficial as it controls the algal bloom in the eutrophic water bodies. Herein, we attempt to review various opportunities and limitations of using a combination of microalgae and bacteria in wastewater treatment method toward cost effective, eco-friendly, and sustainable method of sewage treatment.

This paper presents a system theory based integrated approach (IA) for safety management in coal and metal mines. Formulation of principal hazard management plan (PHMP)adopting IA has been discussed; and in this backdrop, a process of hazard analysis and control mechanism has been developed drawing inputs from system theoretic process analysis (STPA) concept. The scope and assimilation of internet of things (IOT) in PHMP has been presented, along with the concept of closely monitored control (CMC). The control feedback and analysis structure developed on digital platform facilitate on line safety monitoring, digital data storage and retrieval. The analytics provided enables quality safety decision in time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The improvement of theoretical and methodological approaches to the formation of innovativeness of business processes of enterprises has been carried out. A model of innovativeness of business processes has been formed, which takes into account the principles, goals, methods of improving the management of business processes and the factors of influence on them. The main directions of the formation of an effective business model of an aviation enterprise based on the innovativeness of business processes are investigated and strategic directions of its provision are proposed. At the same time, the following aspects of enhancing the innovative activity of an aviation enterprise are highlighted as: the influence of the external and internal environment, innovative activity, analysis of the innovative potential and innovativeness of business processes. An integrated approach to assessing the effectiveness of the business model of an aviation enterprise based on the innovativeness of business processes has been formed. This approach allows to provide the necessary level of innovative flexibility of the aviation enterprise and independence in the application of innovative business processes. The author has carried out a practical implementation of the applied approach at aviation enterprises. The study made it possible to identify the most important business processes for aviation enterprises. These include: the level of support (provision) of innovation, the turnover ratio of current assets, the provision of material and technical resources. As a result of the assessment, these business processes have the highest scores (4.55; 4.43 and 4.26, respectively). The assessment of the financial stability of aviation enterprises in the market was carried out and the indicators of the assessment were calculated. An integral indicator of the financial stability of aviation enterprises has been determined, according to which the problems of the effective functioning of Ukrainian aviation enterprises have been identified. At the same time, small aviation enterprises suffer losses and are characterized by a low level of financial stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of TSG: Tijdschrift Voor Gezondheidswetenschappen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The water, sanitation, and solid waste sectors are closely related and have many interactions between their respective service chains in low- and middle-income countries. Currently, these interactions mostly lead to cross-contamination, and opportunities for co-benefits are seldom realized. This review presents the key advancements within each of these three development sectors in the past two decades. We identify numerous similarities such as decentralization, resource recovery, community involved planning, and digitalization. Despite the potential for synergies and the opportunities to maximize positive interactions, there have been few attempts to break the existing sectoral silos in order to integrate these three service chains. We argue that, with the right enabling environment, an integrated approachto holistically planning and implementing water supply, sanitation, and solid waste management can create positive interactions resulting in co-benefits among complementary development goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pregnancy and the early years of life (0–3 years) are of crucial importance for a child's survival, health, growth and development. Improving care for young children is now considered fundamental to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. With support from WHO and Intervida (an international non-governmental organization), implementation on care for early childhood development was carried out by Survival for Women and Children Foundation in 100 villages in Haryana, India. In addition to the implementation of evidence-based interventions, mHealth (phone message (SMS) and phone call) was used as a complementary strategy. The intention was to promote self-care, increase coverage, and improve inter-sectoral collaboration. One message per day was developed (915 messages) and 1564630 SMS were sent to all beneficiaries and providers to facilitate interaction. Based on learnings, the consolidation of this approach into 46 core themes helped to refine interactions. Lot Quality Assurance Sampling was used for evaluation. SMS was received, read and practiced by the caregivers and the care providers in the intervention block, being substantially higher than in the control blocks. There was a remarkable improvement in under-nutrition and wasting; however, the reduction in stunting was modest in the intervention area as compared with two control blocks. This is attributed to implementation of all strategies in the project including the complementary approach of use of mHealth. The application of SMS and phone communication continues to have relevance, since people most in need are poor and require integrated package of services maximally during this crucial period for improving equity and coverage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]