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The aim of this research was to observe the level of motor development of a group of students aged 9-10. Ninety-three students (42 girls, 51 boys) from the TAF Mehmetcik Foundation Hafize İhsan Payaza Primary School have voluntarily attended the research from Çankaya District in Ankara, Turkey. The children who were in the experimental group had the sub-tests of Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2); Manipulative skills and object control skill tests and each of them was graded. For each activity of the tests, 1 point was given if the students were successful and 0 points if not. At the end of the grading of each trial, total grades ached for each activity. Total grades were calculated for each skill and the status was defined. The result of this study will be useful for the students who have completed the basic Movement period of Psycho-motor development phases and who are in the last phase of sportive Movements period of Specific activity skills aged 7-10 years to define their basic motor features and to be guided to the correct sport branches. On one hand, it is aimed to help develop the normative values for the Turkish children using the TGMD-2 which was adapted from the test which is widely used in scientific researches while on the other hand, the development of basic motor properties based on anthropometric characteristics will be able to observe.

Objective:Non syndromic monogenic obesity is a rare cause of early onset severe obesity in the childhood period. This form may not be distinguishable from other forms of severe obesity without genetic analysis, particularly if patients do not exibit any physical abnormalities or developmental delay. The aim of this study was to screen 41 different obesity-related genes in children with non-syndromic early onset severe obesity.Methods:Children with severe (body mass index-standard deviation score >3) and early onset (

AbstractThis study aims at determining eighth graders’ views and thoughts of physical education courses in primary education schools through metaphors. The study group was composed of 58 students attending Altınşehir Primary Education school located in Adıyaman in the 2014-2015 academic year.The data were collected by asking each student to complete the sentence “physical education course is like……. because ……….”. In consequence, 24 metaphors created by 58 students were divided into four different categories – namely, (i) social development, (ii) physical development, (iii) psychological development, and (iv) mental development. The majority of the students (98.28%) were found to have created positive metaphors for the course while only 1.72% of them were found to have created negative metaphors.

Purpose. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of eight-week step-aerobic exercise programs on flexibility, body weight, body fat percentage and body circumference measurements of sedentary women. Methods. 20 sedentary female volunteers participated in the study. Step-aerobic exercises were applied to for every participant for 8 weeks, three days a week and 45 minutes per day. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 17.0 software. For statistical analysis, Paired-t test was used. Significance level was determined to be 0.05. Results. Significant differences were found between mean values of pre-and post-tests (flexibility = 3.35cm; body weight = 4.48 kg; body fat percentage = 3.39%, and the number of heart beats = 4 beats/min) (p<0.05). Conclusions. As a result of the step-aerobic exercises, flexibility and all parameters related with the body composition of the individuals were changed positively. The study showed similarity with the results of other studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The corrosion inhibition of low carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution with different concentrations of Schinopsis lorentziiextract was studied using Tafel extrapolation, linear polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It was found that Schinopsis lorentziiextract acted as slightly cathodic inhibitor and inhibition efficiencies increased with the increase of extract concentration. The adsorption of the molecules of the extract on the low carbon steel surface was in accordance with the Temkin adsorption isotherm. The results showed that Schinopsis lorentziiextract could serve as a corrosion inhibitor of the low carbon steel in hydrochloric acid environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is known that certain trace elements can affect various heart diseases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the changes in concentrations of certain serum trace elements in patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Serum analysis of selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) trace elements was assayed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. RHD patients had significantly lower serum concentrations of Se and Zn than control subjects (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). However, the serum Cu concentration was significantly higher in RHD patients than in controls (1.93 ± 0.59 µg/L vs 1.06 ± 0.29 µg/L; p < 0.001). Similarly, the Cu/Zn ratio in RHD patients was higher than in control subjects (4.70 ± 0.92 vs 1.68 ± 0.45; p < 0.001). Additionally, no significant correlation was found among these trace element concentrations and the functional capacity classes (p > 0.05). RHD patients had decreased serum Se and Zn element concentrations and increased serum Cu element concentration. We suggest that Se and Zn deficiency might be contributory factors in the development of rheumatic heart disease, and a high Cu concentration and a high Cu/Zn ratio might reflect an ongoing inflammatory process in this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bir verinin bir dizgi içerisinde veya bir gen yapısının bir DNA gen dizilimi içerisinde arama işleminin gerçekleştirilmesi için çeşitli algoritmalar kullanılmaktadır. Kullanılan bu algoritmalardan bazıları bize mutlak eşleşme olmadığı durumlarda olumsuz dönüt vermekte, bazıları ise “bunu mu arıyorsunuz” diye alternatifler sunmaktadır. Her iki algoritma da genel amaçlı PC’lerde saniyeler süren işlemler sonucunda bize dönüt verebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada bize hem mutlak eşleşmeyi hem de hedef dizgi içinde yüzdelik eşleşme oranlarının gerçekleştiği konumu veren FPGA çiplerine yönelik yüksek performanslı bir donanım modülü tasarlanmıştır. Geliştirilen modülün veri işleme hızı farklı PC’lerle karşılaştırılmış ve 2300 kata kadar daha hızlı arama gerçekleştirdiği karşılaştırma sonuçlarından elde edilen veriler ile doğrulanmıştır.

Yapay Sinir Ağları (YSA) FPGA tabanlı sistemlerde gerçeklenirken; öncelikle istenen YSA için bir sayısal tasarım yapılır, ardından yapılan tasarım, bir donanım tanımlama dilinde kodlanarak hedef FPGA için sentezlenir. Bu işlemler zaman alan, uzman gerektiren ve hataya açık bir işlemlerdir. Bu çalışmada, yapay sinir ağlarının FPGA tabanlı sistemler de gerçekleme işlemini otomatikleştirmek, bu işlem için uzman gereksinimini azaltmak ve gerçeklenme sürecini kısaltmak amacıyla, bir otomatik tasarım aracı (Yapay sinir ağı Tasarım Aracı (YTA)) geliştirilmiştir. YTA değişik test durumları ile başarılı bir şekilde test edilmiştir. YTA sayesinde istenen YSA için veri yolu saniyeler içinde otomatik olarak tasarlanmakta ve HDL kodu üretilebilmektedir.

ObjectiveAlthough levothyroxine (LT4) replacement therapy for hypothyroidism has been established as safe, inexpensive and effective, many studies from different countries reported out-of-reference range thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values for the hypothyroid patients under LT4 treatment. The aim of this study was to determine TSH levels of primary hypothyroid patients under LT4 treatment and to assess self-reported compliance with daily LT4 intake in tertiary care centers in Turkey.DesignIn this cross-sectional, observational study, adult patients with primary hypothyroidism, receiving LT4 treatment for at least 6 months, were included. The patients were from 12 tertiary care centers in 9 cities of Turkey. TSH and free T4 levels were recorded from patient files and self-reported compliance with daily LT4 intake was assessed by interviewing the subjects at the last visit.ResultsA total of 1,755 subjects (46 ± 13 years; F/M: 89.9/10.1%) with primary hypothyroidism were enrolled. Of the hypothyroid subjects, 44.8% had out-of-reference range serum TSH levels. TSH values were over the reference range (TSH > 4 mIU/L) in 26.2% and were under the reference range (TSH

Amaç: Bu çalışmada; hemşirelerin klinik örnekler hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi ve hizmet içi eğitim ihtiyaçlarının belirlenmesi amaçlandı.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya dahili ve cerrahi kliniklerinde çalışan toplam 102 hemşire dahil edildi. Katılımcılara klinik örneklerle ilgili bilgi düzeylerinin ve sosyodemografik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi için iki bölümden oluşan anketler yüz yüze görüşme ile uygulandı. Genel laboratuvar bilgisi, klinik örnekler, örnek alım teknikleri ve örneklerin taşınma/saklanma koşulları bilgileri ana başlıkları altında toplam 20 soru soruldu. Hemşirelerin sosyodemografik özelliklerine göre anket sorularına verdikleri cevaplar istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Görev yeri ile doğru cevap sayısı arasında anlamlı istatistiksel fark (p=0.007) saptandı, Dahili kliniklerde çalışan hemşireler daha başarılı bulundu. Yaş ve klinik örnekler ile ilgili bilgi düzeyi arasında anlamlı istatistiksel fark (p=0.009) saptandı ve 35 üstü yaş grupları başarısız bulundu. Eğitim düzeyi ile bilgi düzeyi arasında anlamlı fark (p=0.645) saptanmadı. İş tecrübesi grupları arasında bilgi düzeyi bakımından anlamlı istatistiksel fark (p=0.289) saptanamadı. Hemşirelerin 20 sorudan 8'ine anlamlı istatistiksel fark oluşturacak şekilde sıklıkla doğru yanıt verdikleri (F gt; 4.679; p lt; 0.05) gözlendi. Sorulara verilen yanıtların dağılımı incelendiğinde hemşirelerin klinik örneklerle ilgili bilgi düzeylerinin yetersiz olduğu saptandı.Sonuç: Hastanemizde hemşirelik hizmetleri kalite programları çerçevesinde uygulanan hizmet içi eğitimlerin klinik örneklerle ilgili kısmının yetersiz kaldığı görüldü. Hizmet içi eğitim programları düzenlenirken klinik örneklerle ilgili bilgi eksiklerinin dikkate alınarak mikrobiyoloji, biyokimya ve patoloji ile ilgili konuların kapsamının genişletilmesi ve performans değerlendirilmelerinin de bu kapsamda tekrar gözden geçirilmesinin yararlı olabileceği düşünüldü.

Supercritical drying of gels is considered as the most important step of aerogel production since it enables preservation of the three-dimensional pore structure which lead to unique material properties such as high porosity, low density, and large surface area. An understanding of the kinetics of supercritical drying is necessary to provide insight into material development, scale-up, and optimization of the aerogel manufacturing process. Thus, investigation of supercritical drying is gaining increased attention in recent years. This review paper covers the experimental considerations and techniques to study the kinetics of supercritical drying, fundamental mass transfer mechanisms during the drying process and modeling efforts to predict the drying kinetics for varying operating conditions and gel properties. Transport phenomena involving diffusion, convection, spillage by volume expansion, and axial dispersion are discussed by providing the fundamental equations and empirical correlations to predict transfer coefficients. A detailed review of literature covering experimental and theoretical studies on kinetics of supercritical drying is presented.

Bilgisayar grafiklerinde sıklıkla kullanılan üç boyutlu (3B) dönüşümlerde, animasyon sahnesindeki dönüşüme uğrayan nesne sayısı ve bu nesneleri tanımlamada kullanılan nokta sayısı arttıkça dönüşümü hesaplamak için gereken CPU zamanı katlanarak artmaktadır. Sonuçta, kısa bir animasyon filminin hesaplanması uzun zaman almakta ve eğer animasyon gerçek zamanlı bir animasyon ise hesaplanması imkansız hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, FPGA (Alan Programlanabilir Kapı Dizileri) çiplerini kullanarak üç boyutlu dönüşümleri hızlandırmak için kesirli sayı tabanlı donanım modülü tasarlanmıştır. Tasarlanan modül gerçek veri üzerinde işlemler yapılarak test edilmiş ve modülün ürettiği sonuçların doğrulanması yapılmıştır. Modülün veri işleme hızı değişik bilgisayarlarla karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırma sonuçları göstermiştir ki, tasarlanan modül kullanılarak üç boyutlu grafik dönüşümleri PC’lere göre 4 kata kadar daha hızlı gerçekleştirilebilmektedir.

Ceza ve tazminat davalarında son yıllarda ciddi artış yaşanan önemli ve çok boyutlu bir kavram olan malpraktis, sağlık personelinin kasıt, kusur ya da ihmal ile uygun girişimde bulunmaması, yanlış tedavi uygulanması ve tedavisinin verilmemesi ile oluşan zarar meydana getiren fiil ve durumlar olarak tanımlanır. Hemşirelik bakımı sırasında da gerçekleşebilen malpraktis olgularında, hemşireler etik ilkelerden vücut bütünlüğüne zarar vermeme ilkesine ters düşen uygulamaları ile ceza uygulamaları ile karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada çeşitli hemşirelikte malpraktis olguları literatür ışığında tartışılarak hatalar ve nedenlerine, önleminde uygun yaklaşımın önemine dikkat çekmek amaçlanmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Malpraktis; hemşire; ilaç uygulamaları

BACKGROUND In addition to the negative effect on fertility, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been associated with cardiac pathology. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a possible marker for cardiac risk, therefore we investigated whether N-terminal pro-B-type BNP (NT-proBNP) increases in women with PCOS compared with healthy women of comparable age and body mass index. METHODS Thirty women with PCOS and 30 healthy women not suffering from overt cardiac disease were involved in the study. Fasting insulin and serum NT-proBNP levels were measured, and M-Mode echocardiography was performed. Insulin resistance was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). RESULTS PCOS subjects had higher NT-proBNP levels than the control subjects (P n = 30) showed an increased left ventricular mass (LVM) (P P = 0.006). In addition, NT-proBNP concentration was positively correlated with LVM (r = 0.587, P = 0.001) and negatively correlated with sex-hormone-binding globulin (r = −0.528, P = 0.003). There was a positive correlation between LVM and HOMA-IR (r = 0.295, P = 0.03) while LVPWT was positively correlated with fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (r = 0.335, P = 0.031 and r = 0.346, P = 0.045, respectively) in PCOS subjects (n = 30). CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that the level of NT-proBNP was increased in PCOS subjects with asymptomatic heart disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, conducted to test the effect of spacing on wood quality; the effect of four different spacing types, applied in Adapazarı Süleymaniye plantation (Region 1; 3x2 m; Region 2; 3x2,5 m; Region 3; 3,75x3,75 m; Region 4; 4x4 m), on some mechanical properties of narrow leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia) have been studied. In the present study, some mechanical properties such as the compression strength parallel to grain, tensile stress perpendicular to grain, bending strength, impact bending strength and modulus of elasticity were determined. As a result, the ash wood, grown in region 4 with a wide range of planting, has high mechanical properties. However, when analyzed in terms of wood quality characteristics, it has been found that spacing in region 1 (2x3 m) is more suitable for applications of ash plantations.

We analyzed the effects of heat treatment on the chemical structure of wood from narrow-leafed Ash (Fraxinus angustifolia), a fast-growing and economically valuable species. We also analyzed the effects of heat treatment on the wood’s resistance to four decay fungi. Narrow-leafed Ash wood samples were heated with saturated steam to 140, 180, 200, and 220°C for 2, 4, and 6 h. The relative contents of extractable components were analyzed, as well as the levels of holocellulose, cellulose, and lignin. In addition, the density, equilibrium moisture content, and pH of the samples were measured. To determine the effects of heat treatment on resistance to decay fungi, the samples were exposed to the white rot fungus Trametes versicolor, dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans, and the brown rot fungi Coniophora puteana and Gloeophyllum trabeum. Changes in the chemical composition of the wood due to heat treatment were correlated with increased resistance to fungal decay. While the hemicellulose content was dramatically reduced with increasing temperature and treatment duration, the lignin content increased proportionately. Thus, heat treatment is an environmentally friendly method of preserving narrow-leafed Ash wood against various decay fungi.