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11,068 results on '"Ibrahim Mohamed A."'

206. Coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19): A comparative study of pattern of liver injury in adult patients in different waves of Covid-19 infection

Author

Abdellatif, Zeinab, Abdel-Haleem, Hanan, Abdalaziz, Rasha Ahmed, Ramadan, Ahmed, Al-sharif, Aya Mohamed, El-Korashy, Reem Ibrahim Mohamed, Soliman, Youssef Mohamed Amin, Hussein, Sabah Ahmed, Kamal, Manal Mohamed, Abdullatif, Mona Mohsen Abdulsalam, AbdelRazik, Mohammed Mustafa, Eldessouky, Noha Mohamed Tarek, and Atef, Mira

Published
2024
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214. Re-designing cities with conditional adversarial networks

Author

Ibrahim, Mohamed R., Haworth, James, and Christie, Nicola

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

This paper introduces a conditional generative adversarial network to redesign a street-level image of urban scenes by generating 1) an urban intervention policy, 2) an attention map that localises where intervention is needed, 3) a high-resolution street-level image (1024 X 1024 or 1536 X1536) after implementing the intervention. We also introduce a new dataset that comprises aligned street-level images of before and after urban interventions from real-life scenarios that make this research possible. The introduced method has been trained on different ranges of urban interventions applied to realistic images. The trained model shows strong performance in re-modelling cities, outperforming existing methods that apply image-to-image translation in other domains that is computed in a single GPU. This research opens the door for machine intelligence to play a role in re-thinking and re-designing the different attributes of cities based on adversarial learning, going beyond the mainstream of facial landmarks manipulation or image synthesis from semantic segmentation.

Published
2021

215. Large-scale genomic analysis reveals the genetic cost of chicken domestication

Author

Wang, Ming-Shan, Zhang, Jin-Jin, Guo, Xing, Li, Ming, Meyer, Rachel, Ashari, Hidayat, Zheng, Zhu-Qing, Wang, Sheng, Peng, Min-Sheng, Jiang, Yu, Thakur, Mukesh, Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon, Esmailizadeh, Ali, Hirimuthugoda, Nalini Yasoda, Zein, Moch Syamsul Arifin, Kusza, Szilvia, Kharrati-Koopaee, Hamed, Zeng, Lin, Wang, Yun-Mei, Yin, Ting-Ting, Yang, Min-Min, Li, Ming-Li, Lu, Xue-Mei, Lasagna, Emiliano, Ceccobelli, Simone, Gunwardana, Humpita Gamaralalage Thilini Nisanka, Senasig, Thilina Madusanka, Feng, Shao-Hong, Zhang, Hao, Bhuiyan, Abul Kashem Fazlul Haque, Khan, Muhammad Sajjad, Silva, Gamamada Liyanage Lalanie Pradeepa, Thuy, Le Thi, Mwai, Okeyo A, Ibrahim, Mohamed Nawaz Mohamed, Zhang, Guojie, Qu, Kai-Xing, Hanotte, Olivier, Shapiro, Beth, Bosse, Mirte, Wu, Dong-Dong, Han, Jian-Lin, and Zhang, Ya-Ping

Subjects
Biotechnology, Genetics, Human Genome, Animals, Animals, Domestic, Chickens, Domestication, Genome, Genomics, Humans, Bottleneck, Genetic load, Deleterious mutation, Domestic chicken, Developmental Biology
Abstract

BackgroundSpecies domestication is generally characterized by the exploitation of high-impact mutations through processes that involve complex shifting demographics of domesticated species. These include not only inbreeding and artificial selection that may lead to the emergence of evolutionary bottlenecks, but also post-divergence gene flow and introgression. Although domestication potentially affects the occurrence of both desired and undesired mutations, the way wild relatives of domesticated species evolve and how expensive the genetic cost underlying domestication is remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the demographic history and genetic load of chicken domestication.ResultsWe analyzed a dataset comprising over 800 whole genomes from both indigenous chickens and wild jungle fowls. We show that despite having a higher genetic diversity than their wild counterparts (average π, 0.00326 vs. 0.00316), the red jungle fowls, the present-day domestic chickens experienced a dramatic population size decline during their early domestication. Our analyses suggest that the concomitant bottleneck induced 2.95% more deleterious mutations across chicken genomes compared with red jungle fowls, supporting the "cost of domestication" hypothesis. Particularly, we find that 62.4% of deleterious SNPs in domestic chickens are maintained in heterozygous states and masked as recessive alleles, challenging the power of modern breeding programs to effectively eliminate these genetic loads. Finally, we suggest that positive selection decreases the incidence but increases the frequency of deleterious SNPs in domestic chicken genomes.ConclusionThis study reveals a new landscape of demographic history and genomic changes associated with chicken domestication and provides insight into the evolutionary genomic profiles of domesticated animals managed under modern human selection.

Published
2021

217. CyclingNet: Detecting cycling near misses from video streams in complex urban scenes with deep learning

Author

Ibrahim, Mohamed R., Haworth, James, Christie, Nicola, and Cheng, Tao

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Cycling is a promising sustainable mode for commuting and leisure in cities, however, the fear of getting hit or fall reduces its wide expansion as a commuting mode. In this paper, we introduce a novel method called CyclingNet for detecting cycling near misses from video streams generated by a mounted frontal camera on a bike regardless of the camera position, the conditions of the built, the visual conditions and without any restrictions on the riding behaviour. CyclingNet is a deep computer vision model based on convolutional structure embedded with self-attention bidirectional long-short term memory (LSTM) blocks that aim to understand near misses from both sequential images of scenes and their optical flows. The model is trained on scenes of both safe rides and near misses. After 42 hours of training on a single GPU, the model shows high accuracy on the training, testing and validation sets. The model is intended to be used for generating information that can draw significant conclusions regarding cycling behaviour in cities and elsewhere, which could help planners and policy-makers to better understand the requirement of safety measures when designing infrastructure or drawing policies. As for future work, the model can be pipelined with other state-of-the-art classifiers and object detectors simultaneously to understand the causality of near misses based on factors related to interactions of road-users, the built and the natural environments., Comment: 13 Pages, 5 figures

Published
2021

221. Helicobacter pylori Virulence Factors, Pathogenicity, and Gastric Cancer

Author

Elgohary, Alaa M., Gomaa, Nourhan M., Ibrahim, Mohamed A., Ahmed, Hagar S., Ibraheem, Shimaa M., Frag, Mustafa H., Rezaei, Nima, Series Editor, Ahmed, Atif A., Editorial Board Member, Aguiar, Rodrigo, Editorial Board Member, Ambrosio, Maria R., Editorial Board Member, Artac, Mehmet, Editorial Board Member, Augustine, Tanya N., Editorial Board Member, Bambauer, Rolf, Editorial Board Member, Bhat, Ajaz Ahmad, Editorial Board Member, Bertolaccini, Luca, Editorial Board Member, Bianchini, Chiara, Editorial Board Member, Cavic, Milena, Editorial Board Member, Chakrabarti, Sakti, Editorial Board Member, Cho, William C. S., Editorial Board Member, Czarnecka, Anna M., Editorial Board Member, Domingues, Cátia, Editorial Board Member, Eşkazan, A. Emre, Editorial Board Member, Fares, Jawad, Editorial Board Member, Fonseca Alves, Carlos E., Editorial Board Member, Fru, Pascaline, Editorial Board Member, Da Gama Duarte, Jessica, Editorial Board Member, García, Mónica C., Editorial Board Member, Gener, Melissa A.H., Editorial Board Member, Estrada Guadarrama, José Antonio, Editorial Board Member, Hargadon, Kristian M., Editorial Board Member, Holvoet, Paul, Editorial Board Member, Jurisic, Vladimir, Editorial Board Member, Kabir, Yearul, Editorial Board Member, Katsila, Theodora, Editorial Board Member, Kleeff, Jorg, Editorial Board Member, Liang, Chao, Editorial Board Member, Tan, Mei Lan, Editorial Board Member, Li, Weijie, Editorial Board Member, Prado López, Sonia, Editorial Board Member, Macha, Muzafar A., Editorial Board Member, Malara, Natalia, Editorial Board Member, Orhan, Adile, Editorial Board Member, Prado-Garcia, Heriberto, Editorial Board Member, Pérez-Velázquez, Judith, Editorial Board Member, Rashed, Wafaa M., Editorial Board Member, Sanguedolce, Francesca, Editorial Board Member, Sorrentino, Rosalinda, Editorial Board Member, Shubina, Irina Zh., Editorial Board Member, de Araujo, Heloisa Sobreiro Selistre, Editorial Board Member, Torres-Suárez, Ana Isabel, Editorial Board Member, Włodarczyk, Jakub, Editorial Board Member, Yeong, Joe Poh Sheng, Editorial Board Member, Toscano, Marta A., Editorial Board Member, Wong, Tak-Wah, Editorial Board Member, Yin, Jun, Editorial Board Member, and Yu, Bin, Editorial Board Member

Published
2023
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222. Public Health Advocacy

Author

Al-Qudah, Raja’a A., Barakat, Muna M., Batarseh, Yazan S., Mohamed Ibrahim, Mohamed Izham, Section editor, and Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din, editor

Published
2023
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237. Moonwalker Mouse

Author

Ibrahim, Mohamed F., Becker, Esther B. E., Gruol, Donna L., editor, Koibuchi, Noriyuki, editor, Manto, Mario, editor, Molinari, Marco, editor, Schmahmann, Jeremy D., editor, and Shen, Ying, editor

Published
2023
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239. Effects of x-ray free-electron laser pulse intensity on the Mn Kβ1,3 x-ray emission spectrum in photosystem II—A case study for metalloprotein crystals and solutions

Author

Fransson, Thomas, Alonso-Mori, Roberto, Chatterjee, Ruchira, Cheah, Mun Hon, Ibrahim, Mohamed, Hussein, Rana, Zhang, Miao, Fuller, Franklin, Gul, Sheraz, Kim, In-Sik, Simon, Philipp S, Bogacz, Isabel, Makita, Hiroki, de Lichtenberg, Casper, Song, Sanghoon, Batyuk, Alexander, Sokaras, Dimosthenis, Massad, Ramzi, Doyle, Margaret, Britz, Alexander, Weninger, Clemens, Zouni, Athina, Messinger, Johannes, Yachandra, Vittal K, Yano, Junko, Kern, Jan, and Bergmann, Uwe

Subjects
Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Physical chemistry, Condensed matter physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

In the last ten years, x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) have been successfully employed to characterize metalloproteins at room temperature using various techniques including x-ray diffraction, scattering, and spectroscopy. The approach has been to outrun the radiation damage by using femtosecond (fs) x-ray pulses. An example of an important and damage sensitive active metal center is the Mn4CaO5 cluster in photosystem II (PS II), the catalytic site of photosynthetic water oxidation. The combination of serial femtosecond x-ray crystallography and Kβ x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) has proven to be a powerful multimodal approach for simultaneously probing the overall protein structure and the electronic state of the Mn4CaO5 cluster throughout the catalytic (Kok) cycle. As the observed spectral changes in the Mn4CaO5 cluster are very subtle, it is critical to consider the potential effects of the intense XFEL pulses on the Kβ XES signal. We report here a systematic study of the effects of XFEL peak power, beam focus, and dose on the Mn Kβ1,3 XES spectra in PS II over a wide range of pulse parameters collected over seven different experimental runs using both microcrystal and solution PS II samples. Our findings show that for beam intensities ranging from ∼5 × 1015 to 5 × 1017 W/cm2 at a pulse length of ∼35 fs, the spectral effects are small compared to those observed between S-states in the Kok cycle. Our results provide a benchmark for other XFEL-based XES studies on metalloproteins, confirming the viability of this approach.

Published
2021

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