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El taller tropical es un proyecto arquitectónico planteado para la comunidad del barrio Moravia en la ciudad de Medellín – Antioquia, el cual cuenta con una gran diversidad de culturas dado que su crecimiento se dio en forma de invasión ya que este era el antiguo basurero de la ciudad y los desplazados por la violencia encontraron entre los desechos una luz de esperanza para un nuevo comienzo, pero este crecimiento se dio muy acelerado y sin ningún tipo de planificación, provocando que en estos momentos el sector carezca de espacios adecuados para la interacción social, equipamientos educativos, espacios públicos, zonas verdes entre otras. Es por esto que la comunidad adecuo un lugar provisional en el cual ubicaron un taller tropical en el que desarrollan toda clase de actividades para dar a conocer sus diferentes culturas, pero este se encuentra ubicado en una de las terrazas de una vivienda, la cual no pueden seguir arrendando, además que el lugar es demasiado pequeño para la cantidad de habitantes del sector. Por ello se empieza la búsqueda de un nuevo lote donde ubicarse de forma definitiva y brindarle a los habitantes de Moravia y turistas zonas en las cuales se sientan ajusto y puedan dar a conocer un poquito de sus raíces. Se toma uno de los pocos lotes sin habitar y se plantea un proyecto en el cual se le regale a la comunidad la mayor parte para espacio publico y zonas verdes. Pero igual brindándoles espacios amplios y diversos donde puedan desarrollar toda clase de actividades y muestras culturales. The Taller Tropical is an architectural project proposed for the community of the Moravia neighborhood in Medellin - Antioquia city, which has a great diversity of cultures, since its growth was by invasion since this was the old dump of the city, and those displaced by violence found in the waste a light of hope for a new beginning, but this growth was very accelerated and without any planning, causing that in this time the sector does not have adequate spaces for social interaction, educational facilities, public spaces, green areas and others. That is why the community adapted a provisional place in which they located a Taller Tropical in which they develop all kinds of activities to divulge their different cultures, but this is located on one of the terraces of a house, which cannot continue to pay rent, plus the place is too small for the number of population of the sector. For this reason, we are looking for a new place where we can settle down definitively and offer the population of Moravia and tourists areas in which they feel comfortable and can show a little bit of their cultural roots. One of the few uninhabited places is taken and a project is planned in which the community is given most of the public space and green areas. But in the same way we offer them wide and diverse spaces where they can develop all kinds of activities and show their cultures. Pregrado

Background The current study aims to identify the relationships between coagulation factors and plasma thrombin generation in a large population-based study by comparing individuals with a history of arterial or venous thrombosis to cardiovascular healthy individuals. Methods This study comprised 502 individuals with a history of arterial disease, 195 with history of venous thrombosis and 1402 cardiovascular healthy individuals (reference group) from the population-based Gutenberg Health Study (GHS). Calibrated Automated Thrombography was assessed and coagulation factors were measured by means of BCS XP Systems. To assess the biochemical determinants of TG variables, a multiple linear regression analysis, adjusted for age, sex and antithrombotic therapy, was conducted. Results The lag time, the time to form the first thrombin, was mainly positively associated with the natural coagulant and anti-coagulant factors in the reference group, i.e. higher factors result in a longer lag time. The same determinants were negative for individuals with a history of arterial or venous thrombosis, with a 10 times higher effect size. Endogenous thrombin potential, or area under the curve, was predominantly positively determined by factor II, VIII, X and IX in all groups. However, the effect sizes of the reported associations were 4 times higher for the arterial and venous disease groups in comparison to the reference group. Conclusion This large-scale analysis demonstrated a stronger effect of the coagulant and natural anti-coagulant factors on the thrombin potential in individuals with a history of arterial or venous thrombosis as compared to healthy individuals, which implicates sustained alterations in the plasma coagulome in subjects with a history of thrombotic vascular disease, despite intake of antithrombotic therapy.

Background In the current century, sleep apnoea has become a significant public health problem due to the obesity epidemic. To increase awareness, improve diagnostics, and improve treatment, Finland implemented a national sleep apnoea programme from 2002 to 2010. Here, we present changes in the societal burden caused by sleep apnoea from 1996 to 2018. Methods National register data were collected from the Care Register for Health Care, Statistics Finland, the Social Insurance Institution of Finland, and the Finnish Centre for Pensions. Disease prevalence, use of healthcare and social services, and societal costs were estimated. Findings The number of sleep apnoea patients increased in secondary care from 8 600 in 1996 to 61 000 in 2018. There was a continuous increase in outpatient visits in secondary care from 9 700 in 1996 to 122 000 in 2018 (1 160%) and in primary care from 10 000 in 2015 to 29 000 in 2018 (190%). Accordingly, the cumulative annual number of days off work for sleep apnoea increased from 1 100 to 46 000. However, disability pensions for sleep apnoea decreased from 820 to 550 (33%) during the observation period. Societal costs per patient decreased over 50% during the observation period ((sic) 2 800 to (sic)1 200). Interpretation The number of sleep apnoea patients in Finland increased remarkably during the observation period. To control this burden, diagnostic methods and treatment were revised and follow up was reorganised. Consequently, there was a significant decrease in societal costs per patient. The decrease in disability pensions suggests earlier diagnosis and improved treatment. The national sleep apnoea programme was one of the initiators for these improved outcomes. Funding The Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare and the Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa (HUH), Helsinki, Finland. Copyright (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

What role do immigrants play in firms’ ability to absorb and apply foreign knowledge? Based on a matched employer–employee dataset from Danish manufacturing firms over the period 2001–2011, this study examines the impact of foreign knowledge accessible by firms’ immigrant employees on firm-level total factor productivity (TFP). We construct various firm-specific absorbable foreign knowledge measures that link firms’ immigrant employees to the technological knowledge base of their country of origin. The empirical results suggest that firms employing immigrant employees have higher firm-level TFP outcomes and a higher probability of new firm-level patent applications. The average productivity gain associated with the hiring of one immigrant employee is about 1.5% in the year following the firm’s hiring decision. Additional results show that the estimated productivity increase varies with the level of education and the occupational positions of the immigrant employees. The results are robust to the inclusion of a large range of firm-specific controls and various sensitivity checks.

The biodiversity crisis has increased interest in understanding the role of biodiversity for ecosystem functioning. Functional traits are often used to infer ecosystem functions to increase our understanding of these relationships over larger spatial scales. The links between specific traits and ecosystem functioning are, however, not always well established. We investigated how the choice of analyzing either individual species, selected modalities, or trait combinations affected the spatial patterns observed on a sandflat and how this was related to the natural variability in ecosystem functioning. A large dataset of 400 benthic macrofauna samples was used to explore distribution patterns. We hypothesized that (1) if multiple species (redundancy) represent a trait combination or a modality their spatial patterns would be smoothed out, and (2) the lost spatial variability within a trait combination or modality, due to the smoothing effect, would potentially affect their utility for predicting ecosystem functioning (tested on a dataset of 24 samples). We predicted that species would show heterogeneous small spatial patterns, while modalities and trait combinations would show larger and more homogeneous patterns because they would represent a collection of many distributions. If modalities and trait combinations are better predictors of ecosystem functioning than species, then the smoother spatial patterns of modalities and trait combinations would result in a more homogeneous landscape of ecosystem function and the number of species exhibiting specific traits would provide functional redundancy. Our results showed some smoothing of spatial patterns progressing from species through modalities to trait combinations, but generally spatial patterns reflected a few dominant key species. Moreover, some individual modalities and species explained more or equal proportions of the variance in the ecosystem functioning than the combined traits. The findings thus suggest that only some spatial variability is lost when species are combined into modalities and trait combinations and that a homogeneous landscape of ecosystem function is not likely., Functional traits are often used to infer ecosystem functioning across larger scales, but how do they reflect species distributions and how well do they actually explain the natural spatial variability in ecosystem functioning? This was examined with a rarely seen extensive dataset of benthic macrofauna samples and solute flux measurements across the sediment–water interface.

Prepublication peer review is a cornerstone of science. Overburdened reviewers invest millions of hours in this voluntary activity. In this scoping review, we aimed at identifying motivations for performing prepublication peer review of scholarly manuscripts. Original research studies investigating actual peer reviewers' motivations were included. We excluded modeling studies, studies related to other types of peer review, guidelines, peer review processes in particular journals. Medline, WoS, and Scopus were searched in February 2016, with no language or time limitations, and the search was updated in July 2019. The search yielded 5,250 records, and 382 were chosen for full text analysis, out of which 10 were appropriate for synthesis. Reference snowballing identified one eligible study. Eleven studies were appropriate for synthesis: four qualitative, four mixed qualitative/quantitative, and three qualitative studies, published from 1998 to 2018, involving 6,667 respondents. Major internal incentive was "communal obligations and reciprocity." Major external incentives were "career advancement," "being recognized as an expert," and "building relationships with journals and editors." Major disincentive was the "lack of time." Editors could incentivize peer review process by choosing highest quality articles, improving communication with peer reviewers, in order to make the process of peer review as short and efficient as possible. The gaps in research concern disincentives to review.

Ethane is the most abundant non-methane hydrocarbon in the Earth’s atmosphere and an important precursor of tropospheric ozone through various chemical pathways. Ethane is also an indirect greenhouse gas (global warming potential), influencing the atmospheric lifetime of methane through the consumption of the hydroxyl radical (OH). Understanding the development of trends and identifying trend reversals in atmospheric ethane is therefore crucial. Our dataset consists of four series of daily ethane columns. As with many other decadal time series, our data are characterized by autocorrelation, heteroskedasticity, and seasonal effects. Additionally, missing observations due to instrument failure or unfavorable measurement conditions are common in such series. The goal of this paper is therefore to analyze trends in atmospheric ethane with statistical tools that correctly address these data features. We present selected methods designed for the analysis of time trends and trend reversals. We consider bootstrap inference on broken linear trends and smoothly varying nonlinear trends. In particular, for the broken trend model, we propose a bootstrap method for inference on the break location and the corresponding changes in slope. For the smooth trend model, we construct simultaneous confidence bands around the nonparametrically estimated trend. Our autoregressive wild bootstrap approach, combined with a seasonal filter, is able to handle all issues mentioned above (we provide R code for all proposed methods on https://www.stephansmeekes.nl/code.)., Horizon 2020 https://doi.org/10.13039/501100007601, Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002661

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: This paper presents the relationship between islet autoantibodies, precursors of type 1 diabetes, and the development of persistent asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic eczema. METHODS: A total of 2159 newborns who had a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes and selected HLA genotypes were followed until the youngest participant reached 10 years of age. Islet cell antibodies (ICA) were detected using indirect immunofluorescence. Autoantibodies to insulin (IAA), GAD (GADA), the tyrosine phosphatase-related insulinoma-associated 2 molecule (IA-2A) and zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8A) were quantified with the use of specific radiobinding assays. As an ancillary study, the incidence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema was assessed in 1106 of these children using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) core questionnaire when the children were 9–11 years old. HRs with 95% CIs were calculated to depict the incidence of these diseases following seroconversion to autoantibody positivity. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis and persistent asthma were 22%, 9% and 7.5%, respectively, by 9–11 years of age. The occurrence of diabetes-related autoantibodies showed a protective association with subsequently reported incidence of asthma and eczema. The incidence of rhinitis was not significantly related to the occurrence of IAA or GADA (statistical power was limited), but demonstrated the same inverse relationship as did the other diseases with ICA or when multiple autoantibodies first appeared together. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The findings add evidence to the relationships between these atopic diseases and diabetes-related autoimmunity and also suggest that, for eczema, the interaction depends upon which autoantibody appeared first. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00179777

Abstract Background Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) and two stage hepatectomy with inter-stage portal vein embolization (TSH/PVE) are surgical maneuvers applied in patients with advanced malignancies considered unresectable by means of conventional liver surgery. The aim of this report is to compare the oncologic outcome and technical feasibility of ALPPS and TSH/PVE in the scenario of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Methods All consecutive patients who underwent either ALPPS or TSH/PVE for CRLM between 2011 and 2017 in one hepatobiliary center were analyzed and compared regarding perioperative and long-term oncologic outcome. Results A cohort of 58 patients who underwent ALPPS (n = 21) or TSH/PVE (n = 37) was analyzed. The median overall survival (OS) was 28 months and 34 months after ALPPS and TSH/PVE (p = 0.963), respectively. The median recurrence-free survival (RFS) was higher following ALPPS with 19 months than following TSH/PVE with 10 months, but marginally failed to achieve statistical significance (p = 0.05). There were no differences in morbidity and mortality after stages 1 and 2. Patients undergoing ALPPS due to insufficient hypertrophy after TSH/PVE (rescue-ALPPS) displayed similar oncologic outcome as patients treated by conventional ALPPS or TSH/PVE (p = 0.971). Conclusions ALPPS and TSH/PVE show excellent technical feasibility and comparable long-term oncologic outcome in CRLM. Rescue ALPPS appears to be a viable option for patients displaying insufficient hypertrophy after a TSH/PVE approach.

El presente trabajo pretende mostrar el comportamiento de los índices de inflación en Colombia durante los años 2010 al 2019, teniendo un principal enfoque en los años 2015 y 2016, periodo en el cual se presentaron los niveles más altos de inflación en el país, analizando los elementos y factores que han incidido en su aumento o disminución, y los resultados positivos o negativos que este fenómeno económico causa. El análisis contiene una serie de datos históricos acerca de la inflación y el Índice de Precios al Consumidor (IPC), obtenidos de las bases de datos de entidades nacionales como el Banco de la República de Colombia y el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística DANE, que se plasman en diferentes gráficos, los cuales permiten hacer un análisis descriptivo de la variación de la inflación en Colombia en la última década, variación anual, variación mensual de los años donde se presentaron las tasas más altas en el aumento generalizado de los precios, variación por tipo de gasto y principales ciudades. Por último, se mostrarán las acciones implementadas por el Banco de la República, ente regulador, para mantener las tasas de inflación dentro del rango limite, a través de política monetaria la cual tiene como objetivo principal el mantenimiento de una tasa de inflación baja y estable, y alcanzar un nivel sostenible del empleo y el producto interno bruto PIB The present work tries to show the behavior of the inflation indexes in Colombia during the years 2010 to 2019 with a main focus in the years 2015 and 2016, period in which the highest levels of inflation in the country will be selected, analyzing the elements and factors that have influenced its increase or decrease and the positive or negative results caused by this economic phenomenon. The analysis contains a series of data on inflation and the Consumer Price Index IPC, obtained from the Bank of the Republic and from the National Administrative Department of Statistics DANE, which are reflected in different graphs, which allow a descriptive analysis of the variation of inflation in Colombia in the last decade, annual variation, monthly variation of the years where the highest rates were presented in the general increase in prices, variation by type of expenditure and main cities. Finally, we will see the actions implemented by the Bank of the Republic, the regulatory body, to keep inflation rates within the limit range, through monetary policy which aims to maintain a low and stable inflation rate and reach the maximum sustainable level of product and employment Especialización

Cet article résume les recherches qui ont été menées sur la valeur économique de l'espagnol, qui le place à environ 16 % du produit intérieur brut de l'Espagne selon une méthodologie d'analyse macroéconomique qui pourrait être appliquée à d'autres pays hispanophones. De même, les données démographiques qui en font la langue seconde par nombre de locuteurs natifs sont analysées. Les situations de l'espagnol aux États-Unis et en Chine sont spécifiquement étudiées. Aux USA, les hispanophones constituent déjà la première minorité, représentant 18 % de la population, avec le passage, face à l'anglais, d'une situation de diglossie à une autre de bilinguisme. En Chine, depuis 2018, l'offre d'espagnol est décrétée dans le système éducatif, avec une augmentation considérable des études hispaniques à l'Université. Enfin, une autre dimension de la valeur de l'espagnol se démarque : l'unité qu'il maintient dans les quatre continents où il est parlé, et la richesse de la culture qui s'exprime en espagnol, ainsi que le potentiel de son système littéraire. This article summarizes the research that has been carried out on the economic value of Spanish, which places it at around 16% of the Gross Domestic Product of Spain according to a macroeconomic analysis methodology that could be applied to other Spanish-speaking countries. Likewise, the demographic data that make it the second language by number of native speakers are analyzed. The situations of Spanish in the United States and in China are specifically studied. In USA, Spanish-speakers already constitute the first minority, with 18% of the citizenship, with the progress, in the face of English, from a situation of diglossia to another of bilingualism. In China, since 2018 the offer of Spanish has been decreed in the educational system, with a considerable increase in Hispanic studies at the University. Finally, another dimension of the value of Spanish stands out: the unity it maintains in the four continents in which it is spoken, and the richness of the culture that is expressed in Spanish, as well as the potential of its literary system.

Los beneficios que plantea el big data, van desde un ámbito empresarial hasta gubernamental o climático, ya que se promueve un crecimiento y desarrollo adecuado en los distintos entornos globales basándose en una metodología de recolección de datos que proyecta una mejora común a todos aquellos que encuentren el gran valor que proporciona este tipo de información, aunque se puedan presentar distintos aspectos negativos el big data trabaja de forma transparente y organizada, permitiéndole al usuario autorizar o no el tratamiento de sus datos, que a su vez son utilizados por las distintas compañías para promover, prevenir o generar mejoras en sus distintos factores de producción esenciales dentro de cada sector productivo. The benefits of big data range from a business to a government or climate sphere, since it promotes adequate growth and development in different global environments in a data collection methodology that projects a common improvement for all those who find the great value provided by this type of information, although there may be different negative aspects, big data works in a transparent and organized way, allowing the user to authorize or not the processing of their data, which in turn is used by the different companies to promote , prevent or generate improvements in its different essential factors of production within each productive sector. Profesional en Negocios Internacionales http://unidadinvestigacion.usta.edu.co Pregrado

BACKGROUND The capacity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to occur with delayed onset has been documented in several systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Neurobiological models of PTSD may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the progressive increase in PTSD symptoms over time as well as into occasional occurrences of long-delayed PTSD with few prodromal symptoms. AIM To obtain an overview of key concepts explaining and types of evidence supporting neurobiological underpinnings of delayed PTSD. METHODS A scoping review of studies reporting neurobiological findings relevant to delayed PTSD was performed, which included 38 studies in the qualitative synthesis. RESULTS Neurobiological mechanisms underlying PTSD symptoms, onset, and course involve several interconnected systems. Neural mechanisms involve the neurocircuitry of fear, comprising several structures, such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex, that are amenable to time-dependent increases in activity through sensitization and kindling. Neural network models explain generalization of the fear response. Neuroendocrine mechanisms consist of autonomic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis responses, both of which may be involved in sensitization to stress. Neuroinflammatory mechanisms are characterized by immune activation, which is sometimes due to the effects of traumatic brain injury. Finally, neurobehavioral/contextual mechanisms involve the effects of intervening stressors and mental and physical disorder comorbidities, and these may be particularly relevant in cases of long-delayed PTSD. CONCLUSION Thus, delayed PTSD may result from multiple underlying neurobiological mechanisms that may influence the likelihood of developing prodromal symptoms preceding the onset of full-blown PTSD.

Purpose: Exercise capacity is associated with diastolic function. The aim of our study is to investigate the short-term effects of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and NMES on functional capacity and myocardial tissue doppler (MTD) after coronary artery surgery. Methods: Forty patients with coronary artery bypass graft were randomly divided into two groups: CPR+NMES and CPR. Functional capacity were analyzed through 2 minutes walk test (2MWT) and sit to stand test (SST), left ventricular (LV) diastolic functions were analyzed with MTD and thoracic expansion was analyzed with chest wall measurement on the 2nd and 7th postoperative days. Results: Statistically significant difference was identified between the groups in 2MWT distance (CPR+NMES, Zt*p=0.000*), SST (CPR, Zt*p=0.000*), E' (CPR+NMES, Zt*p=0.002*), E (CPR+NMES, Zt*p=0.025*), E/E' (CPR+NMES, Zt*p=0.007*), A (CPR, Zt*p=0.006*) (p0.05), except for E'(Zg*p=0.000*), E/E' (Zg*p=0.003*) parameters (p

El estudio tiene como objetivo identificar los factores socioeconómicos y culturales que inciden en la condición de abandono del adulto mayor en la ciudad de barranquilla, esta es una investigación cuantitativa con diseño descriptivo, empleando la técnica de entrevista semiestructura a una muestra de 12 hogares de adultos mayores. se concluye que estos tipos de violencia se ha normalizado por el desconocimiento de los derechos humanos por las creencias sociales y las pocas intervenciones de las autoridades competentes. El abandono al adulto mayor proviene de patrones conductuales, hoy en días es más agudo y complejo que nunca. Se da en los diferentes niveles: político, económico, social, laboral e interfamiliar en los cuales se ven en espacios o se connotan en los espacios tales como el hogar, la calle, las empresas y en los hospitales asumiendo diferentes formas como físico, psicológico, sexual, verbal y económico. Puede representarse en múltiples formas: como suicidio, homicidio, depresión, chantaje, maltrato y ultraje afectando a todos los adultos mayores afectando su calidad de vida tanto de víctimas y victimarios haciendo parte de nuestra vida cotidiana. The objective of the study is to identify the socioeconomic and cultural factors that affect the abandonment condition of the elderly in the city of Barranquilla, this is a quantitative investigation with a descriptive design, using the semi-structured interview technique with a sample of 12 adult households. greater. It is concluded that these types of violence have been normalized due to ignorance of human rights due to social beliefs and the few interventions of the competent authorities. Abandonment to the elderly comes from behavioral patterns, today it is more acute and complex than ever. It occurs at different levels: political, economic, social, labor and interfamily in which they are seen in spaces or are connoted in spaces such as the home, the street, companies and in hospitals assuming different forms such as physical, psychological , sexual, verbal and economic. It can be represented in multiple ways: as suicide, homicide, depression, blackmail, mistreatment and outrage promoted to all older adults who have reached their quality of life, both as victims and perpetrators, becoming part of our daily lives.

Background Responsible and efficient resource utilization are important factors in healthcare. The aim of this study was to investigate how total case time differs between two differently organized surgical departments. Methods This is a retrospective observational study of a cohort of patients undergoing elective surgery for breast cancer or malignant melanoma in a university hospital setting in Sweden. All patients were operated on by the same set of surgeons but in two different surgical departments: a general surgery (GS) and a cardiothoracic (CT) surgery department. Patients were selected to the two departments from a waiting list in the order of referral for surgery. The effect of being operated on at the CT department compared to the GS department was estimated by linear regression. Results The final study cohort comprised 349 patients in the GS department and 177 patients in the CT department. Both groups were similar regarding surgical procedures, American Society of Anesthesiologists’ score, body mass index, age, sex, and the skill level of the operating surgeon. These covariates were included in the linear regression model. The total case time, defined by the Procedural Time Glossary as room set-up start to room clean-up finish, was significantly shorter for the patients who underwent a surgical procedure at the CT department compared to the GS department, even after adjusting for the background characteristics of the patients and surgeon. After adjusting for the selected covariates, the average difference in total case time between the two departments was − 30.67 min (p = 0.001). Conclusions A significantly shorter total case time was measured for operations in the CT department. Plausible explanations may be more beneficial organizational factors, such as staffing ratio, skill mix in the operating room team, and working behavioral aspects regarding resource utilization.

Die vorliegende Masterarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Erarbeitung einer Entwurfslösung für den Um- und Ausbau einer bestehenden Musikschule in Bruck an der Leitha in Niederösterreich. Nach einleitenden Worten zu verschiedenen Qualitäten und Potenzialen der Stadt folgt eine geschichtliche Beschreibung des Orts, welche auch die Entwicklungen des Bestandsgebäudes behandelt. Um der raumakustischen Situation des Gebäudes in der Entwurfsphase bestmöglich entgegnen zu können, folgt nach einer kurzen demografischen Datenanalyse der Stadt eine tiefergehende Beschreibung der Aspekte der Raum- und Bauakustik sowie Möglichkeiten von Ertüchtigungsmaßnahmen am Bestand. Im Zuge des Entwurfsprozesses entstand eine neue Zugangsszenerie, eine umfassende Umstrukturierung der Innenräume, eine Aufstockung für einen neuen Veranstaltungssaal sowie ein neu zu errichtender Zubau, welcher eine Verbindung mit dem bestehenden Gebäude erzeugt und durch den neu geschaffenen Hof neue Synergieeffekte im Umfeld generiert. This master thesis deals with the development of a design solution for the conversion and expansion of an existing music school in Bruck an der Leitha in Lower Austria. Indroductory words on the various qualities and potential of the city is followed by a historical description of the location, which also deals with the development of the existing building. In order to be able to respond to the room-acoustic situation of the building in the design phase in the best possible way, a brief demographic data analysis of the city is conducted. Furthermore a more detailed description of the aspects of room and building acoustics as well as options for upgrading the existing building are provided. In the course of the design phase, a new entrance scenery, comprehensive interior restructuring, an increase for a new event hall, and a new extension to be built were all created. These changes connect the new extension to the existing building and produce new synergy effects in the surrounding area through the newly created courtyard. Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers Masterarbeit Wien, FH Campus Wien 2022

ObjectivesThe objective of this randomised controlled trial in Kenya was to assess the effect of delivering sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information via text message to young people on their ability to reject contraception-related myths and misconceptions.Design and settingA three-arm, unblinded randomised controlled trial with a ratio of 1:1:1 in Kwale County, Kenya.Participants and interventionsA total of 740 youth aged 18–24 years were randomised. Intervention arm participants could access informational SRH text messages on-demand. Contact arm participants received once weekly texts instructing them to study on an SRH topic on their own. Control arm participants received standard care. The intervention period was 7 weeks.Primary outcomeWe assessed change myths believed at baseline and endline using an index of 10 contraception-related myths. We assessed change across arms using difference of difference analysis.ResultsAcross arms, 80% had never given birth. Between baseline and endline, there was a statistically significant drop in the average absolute number of myths and misconceptions believed by intervention arm (11.1%, 95% CI 17.1% to 5.2%), contact arm (14.4%, 95% CI 20.5% to 8.4%) and control arm (11.3%, 95% CI 17.4% to 5.2%) participants. However, we observed no statistically significant difference in the magnitude of change across arms.ConclusionsWe are unable to conclusively state that the text message intervention was better than text message ‘contact’ or no intervention at all. Digital health likely has potential for improving SRH-related outcomes when used as part of multifaceted interventions. Additional studies with physical and geographical separation of different arms is warranted.Trial registration numberISRCTN85156148.

This article synthesizes recent findings on antecedents of healthy eating. We discuss consumer-related and environment-related forces that influence consumers’ healthy food choices and emphasize the duality of these forces so that they can facilitate but also prevent healthy eating. Specifically, our review documents how consumer lay beliefs, goals, and habits shape eating patterns. We further document the impact of environment-related forces on healthy consumption—focusing on intervention strategies and environmental changes (i.e., the trend towards online retail channels). Finally, we discuss three salient tensions (i.e., an innate craving for unhealthy food, a focus on single decisions, and a selective focus on self-control dilemmas) that emerge when taking a holistic view on existing research.

Background As hospitals have a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO), hospitalization abroad indicates for travellers an increased risk of acquiring MDRO—and carrying the strains home. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates are highest in the (sub)tropics, whereas Europe is considered a lower risk region. Since AMR prevalences vary within Europe, we aimed to gather country-specific data on the risks for hospitalized travellers. Methods At hospitals of the Helsinki and Uusimaa district in Finland, patients hospitalized abroad over the past 12 months are systematically screened for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE), carbapenemase-producing bacteria and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. (VRE). Among patients screened 2010–19, we selected those hospitalized in Europe, recorded their MDRO findings, infections and mortality, and analysed MDRO-associated risk factors. Results Of the 1772 patients treated in 41 European countries, 16.6% (295) carried MDRO, 12.5% (221) ESBL-PE, 7.8% (138) solely ESBL-E. coli, 2.6% (46) MRSA, 2.2% (30) of those screened VRE and 2.2% (39) carbapenem-resistant Gram-negatives. Among those colonized, 9.8% (29) had symptomatic MDRO infections and 0.3% (one) died. Colonization was most frequently recorded for those treated in eastern and southern Europe, with Bulgaria, Cyprus and the Russian Federation scoring highest. MDRO colonization was associated with antibiotic treatment and showed a negative correlation with time from discharge to screening. Conclusions After hospitalization in European countries, ESBL-PE carriage was relatively common (12.5%), while other MDROs proved less frequent (

Background Physical inactivity has contributed to the current prevalence of many age-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Peer coach physical activity intervention are effective in increasing long term physical activity in community dwelling older adults. Linking peer coach physical activity interventions to formal care could therefore be a promising novel method to improve health in inactive older adults to a successful long-term physical activity intervention. Methods We evaluated the effects of linking a peer coach physical activity intervention in Leiden, The Netherlands to primary care through an exercise referral scheme from July 2018 to April 2020. Primary care practices in the neighborhoods of three existing peer coach physical activity groups were invited to refer patients to the exercise groups. Referrals were registered at the primary care practice and participation in the peer coach groups was registered by the peer coaches of the exercise groups. Results During the study, a total of 106 patients were referred to the peer coach groups. 5.7% of patients participated at the peer coach groups and 66.7% remained participating during the 1 year follow up. The number needed to refer for 1 long term participant was 26.5. The mean frequency of participation of the referred participants was 1.2 times a week. Conclusion Linking a peer coach physical activity intervention for older adults to a primary care referral scheme reached only a small fraction of the estimated target population. However, of the people that came to the peer coach intervention a large portion continued to participate during the entire study period. The number needed to refer to engage one older person in long term physical activity was similar to other referral schemes for lifestyle interventions. The potential benefits could be regarded proportional to the small effort needed to refer.