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201. Gout Knowledge: A Survey of Australian Outpatients with Gout.

Author

Chin, Athena, Adams, Robert J, Gill, Tiffany K, and Hill, Catherine L

Subjects
GOUT, DISEASE risk factors, GENERAL practitioners, ANTI-inflammatory agents, CONSUMER cooperatives
Abstract

Background: The prevalence of gout has increased in the Western societies due to ageing and increasing BMI. Recently, lifestyle and dietary factors have been linked in epidemiological studies with an alteration of the risk of gout; however, there remains a lack of data on patient knowledge of these factors. The purpose of this survey-based study was to determine the knowledge of gout and its treatment both in the community and specialist care settings.Methods: Participants were recruited from a hospital rheumatology outpatient department, consumer organization and a random sample of participants from a population-based cohort who had self-reported gout in South Australia. Participants completed a survey regarding basic demographics, the Single Item Literacy Screener, use of medication and diet for treatment of their gout and knowledge of gout.Results: Seventy-four people were recruited (87% male) with a mean age of 66 years (range 35– 88). The mean duration of gout was 16.6 years (range 0– 60). On screening with SILS, 19.0% were identified as having limited reading ability. Most gout was managed by the family practitioner (81.1%) and/or rheumatologist (18.9%). In regard to current gout medications, 52.7% were taking allopurinol, 17.6% colchicine, 9.5% non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, 6.8% prednisolone and 5.4% herbal preparations. For further information regarding gout, participants would most commonly approach their general practitioner (85.1%). Most participants correctly identified certain triggers to gout attacks and almost half of participants (41.9%) reported that they had altered their diet due to gout. Conversely, participants often incorrectly identified common risk or protective factors for gout.Conclusion: Gout remains a common, yet undertreated, chronic condition. Our study highlights a lack of knowledge amongst patients of risk and protective factors in relation to gout. The increasing prevalence of gout within the population indicates a need to improve education and understanding among those with the condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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208. Practical Mammography

Author

Mercer, Claire E., Hill, Catherine A., Kelly, Allison, Smith, Helen L., Hogg, Peter, editor, Kelly, Judith, editor, and Mercer, Claire, editor

Published
2015
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215. E038 A common measure of the impact of glucocorticoids in patients with inflammatory and autoimmune conditions - the Steroid PRO: A cross-cultural validation study with Rasch models

Author

Bridgewater, Susan, primary, Ndosi, Mwidimi, additional, Dawson, Jill, additional, Richards, Pamela, additional, Silverthorne, Christine, additional, Dures, Emma, additional, Goodman, Susan, additional, Hill, Catherine, additional, Mackie, Sarah L, additional, and Robson, Joanna C, additional

Published
2023
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217. Encounters in the forest: Social and ecological dimensions of lemur hunting, habitat change and biodiversity conservation in south-east Madagascar

Author

Cardinal, Claire, Cardinal, Claire, Donati, Giuseppe, Hill, Catherine M., Cardinal, Claire, Cardinal, Claire, Donati, Giuseppe, and Hill, Catherine M.

Abstract

To conserve endangered species in anthropogenic landscapes it is crucial to understand how humans and wild animals perceive each other and the nature of their interactions. In this study I use a cross-disciplinary approach to investigate human-wildlife relationships in Tsitongambarika Nouvelle Aire Protégée in south-east Madagascar, with an emphasis on lemur hunting. My fieldwork took place over 12 months during 2017-2020 (July-August, 2017, May-September, 2018, September-October, 2019, and March 2020), split across two study sites. Through my social research in two neighbouring communes I show how their differing biodiversity conservation regimes influence the ways that people living at the forest frontier use forest resources, and characterise their relationships with lemurs and other wild animals. Most wild mammals and birds are considered to be acceptable food, with certain exceptions proscribed by ancestral practices. Contrary to Euro-western narratives, lemurs are not given special importance. Red-collared brown lemurs (Eulemur collaris) are targeted for their fatty meat and southern bamboo lemurs (Hapalemur meridionalis) are treated locally as a ‘pest’ species. In my ecological research, I elucidate the impacts of habitat modifications and hunting on endemic mammals, using cathemeral lemurs and Euplerid carnivores as models. My camera trap survey confirms the presence of four endemic carnivores: broad-striped vontsira (Galidictis fasciata), fosa (Cryptoprocta ferox), ring-tailed vontsira (Galidia elegans) and spotted fanaloka (Fossa fossana), and four non-native mammals. All Euplerid species (except ring-tailed vontsira) are negatively affected by historic habitat degradation. Using distance sampling, I demonstrate lower abundance and group sizes of red-collared brown lemur and southern bamboo lemur under acute hunting conditions. Both species direct anti-predator behaviours towards humans and, in accordance with the ‘landscape of fear’ model, show spatial va

Published
2023

218. Prevalence of sleep disorder diagnoses and sleep medication prescriptions in individuals with ADHD across the lifespan : a Swedish nationwide register-based study

Author

Ahlberg, Rickard, Garcia-Argibay, Miguel, Taylor, Marc, Lichtenstein, Paul, D'Onofrio, Brian M, Butwicka, Agniezska, Hill, Catherine, Cortese, Samuele, Larsson, Henrik, Du Rietz, Ebba, Ahlberg, Rickard, Garcia-Argibay, Miguel, Taylor, Marc, Lichtenstein, Paul, D'Onofrio, Brian M, Butwicka, Agniezska, Hill, Catherine, Cortese, Samuele, Larsson, Henrik, and Du Rietz, Ebba

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Consistent evidence suggests a strong association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and subjectively reported sleep problems. However, the prevalence of clinically ascertained sleep disorder diagnoses and sleep medication prescriptions in individuals with ADHD remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To determine the rates of sleep disorder diagnoses and sleep medication prescriptions in children, adolescents and adults with ADHD. METHODS: We linked Swedish national registers to create a cohort of individuals born 1945-2008. We estimated the absolute and relative risks (using logistic regression models) of different sleep disorder diagnoses and medication prescriptions in individuals with and without ADHD. The analyses were performed across five different age groups: children (5-11 years), adolescents (12-17 years), young adults (18-30 years), middle-aged adults (31-45 years) and older adults (46-60 years). FINDINGS: Among individuals with ADHD (N=145 490, 2.25% of the cohort), 7.5% had a sleep disorder diagnosis and 47.5% had been prescribed sleep medication. Individuals with ADHD, across all age groups, had a statistically significantly increased risk of having any sleep disorder diagnosis (ORrange=6.4-16.1) and any sleep medication prescription (ORrange=12.0-129.4) compared with individuals without ADHD. While rates of sleep disorders were highest in older adults, the relative risks were highest in youth. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with ADHD have a substantially increased risk of sleep disorder diagnoses and sleep medication prescriptions, from childhood into older adulthood. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: More clinical efforts are needed to tackle impairing sleep problems in individuals with ADHD via systematic sleep assessment, appropriate diagnosis, and pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Sleep medication use should be informed by sleep disorder diagnosis., Funding agency:Ingrid Thurings Stiftelse 2021-0063The Strategic Research Area in Epidemiology and Biostatistics (SFOepi)European Research Agency 101095568 -HORIZON-HLTH-2022-DISEASE-07-03National Institute for Health and Care Research NIHR203684 NIHR203035 NIHR130077 NIHR128472 RP-PG-0618-20003

Published
2023
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223. Do Regions Matter? Evidence on Capabilities and Coalitions from Defense-Dependent Regions

Author

Hill, Catherine and Markusen, Ann

Abstract

This paper asks whether regional capabilities and coalitions can shape economic development outcomes in a period of intense structural adjustment. Rapid cuts in defense procurement spending with their associated closure offacilities and elimination ofmillions ofdefense­ related jobs since the end of the Cold War offer an opportunity to probe differences in capability and responses on theparr ofdefense dependent regions in the US and Europe. This paper uses a novel approac pooling across a set of in-depth case studies by the authors and other scholars to compare outcomes. Three kinds of defense regions are examined: 1) military aerospace , 2) military shipyards, and 3) naval bases---i1sing eleven cases drawnfrom three countries (US, Germany, and France). We conclude that regional capability and mobilization can make a dramatic difef rence. Regions more likely to succeed in movingpeople,facilities and technologies into new civilian uses are those with a history ofcoping with industrial decline, a strong public sector held in relatively high regard by its citizens, an ability to tronscend partisanpolitics andjurisdictional competition, and active advocacy for conversion on the part oftrade unimJS, peace activists, community economic development advocates, and/or local businesses. Comparing across nations, national government posture towards conversion can significantly enhance or constrain regional efforts as well. The paper concludes with recommendations to strengthen national and regional level planning approachesfor structural adjustment mare generally.

Published
2000

224. Pf7: an open dataset of Plasmodium falciparum genome variation in 20,000 worldwide samples

Author

Abdel Hamid, Muzamil Mahdi, Abdelraheem, Mohamed Hassan, Acheampong, Desmond Omane, Ahouidi, Ambroise, Ali, Mozam, Almagro-Garcia, Jacob, Amambua-Ngwa, Alfred, Amaratunga, Chanaki, Amenga-Etego, Lucas, Andagalu, Ben, Anderson, Tim, Andrianaranjaka, Voahangy, Aniebo, Ifeyinwa, Aninagyei, Enoch, Ansah, Felix, Ansah, Patrick, Apinjoh, Tobias, Arnaldo, Paulo, Ashley, Elizabeth, Auburn, Sarah, Awandare, Gordon, Ba, Hampate, Baraka, Vito, Barry, Alyssa, Bejon, Philip, Bertin, Gwladys, Boni, Maciej, Borrmann, Steffen, Bousema, Teun, Bouyou-Akotet, Marielle, Branch, Oralee, Bull, Peter, Cheah, Huch, Chindavongsa, Keobouphaphone, Chookajorn, Thanat, Chotivanich, Kesinee, Claessens, Antoine, Conway, David, Corredor, Vladimir, Courtier, Erin, Craig, Alister, d'Alessandro, Umberto, Dama, Souleymane, Day, Nicholas, Denis, Brigitte, Dhorda, Mehul, Diakite, Mahamadou, Djimde, Abdoulaye, Dolecek, Christiane, Dondorp, Arjen, Doumbia, Seydou, Drakeley, Chris, Drury, Eleanor, Duffy, Patrick, Echeverry, Diego, Egwang, Thomas, Enosse, Sonia Maria Mauricio, Erko, Berhanu, Fairhurst, Rick, Faiz, Abdul, Fanello, Caterina, Fleharty, Mark, Forbes, Matthew, Fukuda, Mark, Gamboa, Dionicia, Ghansah, Anita, Golassa, Lemu, Goncalves, Sonia, Harrison, G, Healy, Sara Anne, Hendry, Jason, Hernandez-Koutoucheva, Anastasia, Hien, Tran Tinh, Hill, Catherine, Hombhanje, Francis, Hott, Amanda, Htut, Ye, Hussein, Mazza, Imwong, Mallika, Ishengoma, Deus, Jackson, Scott, Jacob, Chris, Jeans, Julia, Johnson, Kimberly, Kamaliddin, Claire, Kamau, Edwin, Keatley, Jon, Kochakarn, Theerarat, Konate, Drissa, Konaté, Abibatou, Kone, Aminatou, Kwiatkowski, Dominic, Kyaw, Myat, Kyle, Dennis, Lawniczak, Mara, Lee, Samuel, Lemnge, Martha, Lim, Pharath, Lon, Chanthap, Loua, Kovana, Mandara, Celine, Marfurt, Jutta, Marsh, Kevin, Maude, Richard James, Mayxay, Mayfong, Maïga-Ascofaré, Oumou, Miotto, Olivo, Mita, Toshihiro, Mobegi, Victor, Mohamed, Abdelrahim Osman, Mokuolu, Olugbenga, Montgomery, Jaqui, Morang'A, Collins Misita, Mueller, Ivo, Murie, Kathryn, Newton, Paul, Ngo Duc, Thang, Nguyen, Thuy, Nguyen, Thuy-Nhien, Nguyen Thi Kim, Tuyen, Nguyen Van, Hong, Noedl, Harald, Nosten, François, Noviyanti, Rintis, Ntui, Vincent Ntui-Njock, Nzila, Alexis, Ochola-Oyier, Lynette Isabella, Ocholla, Harold, Oduro, Abraham, Omedo, Irene, Onyamboko, Marie, Ouedraogo, Jean-Bosco, Oyebola, Kolapo, Oyibo, Wellington Aghoghovwia, Pearson, Richard, Peshu, Norbert, Phyo, Aung, Plowe, Christopher, Price, Ric, Pukrittayakamee, Sasithon, Quang, Huynh Hong, Randrianarivelojosia, Milijaona, Rayner, Julian, Ringwald, Pascal, Rosanas-Urgell, Anna, Rovira-Vallbona, Eduard, Ruano-Rubio, Valentin, Ruiz, Lastenia, Saunders, David, Shayo, Alex, Siba, Peter, Simpson, Victoria, Sissoko, Mahamadou, Smith, Christen, Su, Xin-Zhuan, Sutherland, Colin, Takala-Harrison, Shannon, Talman, Arthur, Tavul, Livingstone, Thanh, Ngo Viet, Thathy, Vandana, Thu, Aung Myint, Toure, Mahamoudou, Tshefu, Antoinette, Verra, Federica, Vinetz, Joseph, Wellems, Thomas, Wendler, Jason, White, Nicholas, Whitton, Georgia, Yavo, William, van der Pluijm, Rob, MalariaGEN, University of Khartoum, University of Cape Coast [Ghana], Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD), The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge], London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine [Fajara, Gambia], London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens [Legon, Ghana] (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Navrongo Health Research Centre [Navrongo, Ghana] (NHRC), Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Texas Biomedical Research Institute [San Antonio, TX], Université d'Antananarivo, University of Buéa, Instituto Nacional de Saude [Maputo, Mozambique] (INS), Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health [Oxford, UK], Nuffield Department of Medicine [Oxford, UK] (Big Data Institute), University of Oxford-University of Oxford, Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), University of Oxford-Mahidol University [Bangkok]-Wellcome Trust, Menzies School of Health Research [Australia], Charles Darwin University [Australia], Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine [Oxford], University of Oxford, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratory of Pathogen and Host Immunity [Montpellier] (LPHI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)

Subjects
data resource, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4], plasmodium falciparum, genomics, malaria, Medicine (miscellaneous), genomic epidemiology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 291985.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) We describe the MalariaGEN Pf7 data resource, the seventh release of Plasmodium falciparum genome variation data from the MalariaGEN network. It comprises over 20,000 samples from 82 partner studies in 33 countries, including several malaria endemic regions that were previously underrepresented. For the first time we include dried blood spot samples that were sequenced after selective whole genome amplification, necessitating new methods to genotype copy number variations. We identify a large number of newly emerging crt mutations in parts of Southeast Asia, and show examples of heterogeneities in patterns of drug resistance within Africa and within the Indian subcontinent. We describe the profile of variations in the C-terminal of the csp gene and relate this to the sequence used in the RTS,S and R21 malaria vaccines. Pf7 provides high-quality data on genotype calls for 6 million SNPs and short indels, analysis of large deletions that cause failure of rapid diagnostic tests, and systematic characterisation of six major drug resistance loci, all of which can be freely downloaded from the MalariaGEN website.

Published
2023
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225. Bone Marrow Lesions and Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Detected Structural Abnormalities in Patients With Midfoot Pain and Osteoarthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Arnold, John B, Halstead, Jill, Martín-Hervás, Carmen, Grainger, Andrew J, Keenan, Anne-Maree, Hill, Catherine L, Conaghan, Philip G, McGonagle, Dennis, Redmond, Anthony C, Arnold, John B [0000-0002-1158-8917], Halstead, Jill [0000-0002-9913-2569], Hill, Catherine L [0000-0001-8289-4922], Conaghan, Philip G [0000-0002-3478-5665], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
2 Aetiology, Adult, Aging, Arthritis, Pain Research, Pain, Osteoarthritis, Knee, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cross-Sectional Studies, Clinical Research, Bone Marrow, Musculoskeletal, Osteoarthritis, Biomedical Imaging, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Humans, Bone Cysts, Chronic Pain
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-detected structural abnormalities in patients with symptomatic midfoot osteoarthritis (OA), patients with persistent midfoot pain, and asymptomatic controls, and to explore the association between MRI features, pain, and foot-related disability. METHODS: One hundred seven adults consisting of 50 patients with symptomatic and radiographically confirmed midfoot OA, 22 adults with persistent midfoot pain but absence of radiographic OA, and 35 asymptomatic adults underwent 3T MRI of the midfoot and clinical assessment. MRIs were read for the presence and severity of abnormalities (bone marrow lesions [BMLs], subchondral cysts, osteophytes, joint space narrowing [JSN], effusion-synovitis, tenosynovitis, and enthesopathy) using the Foot Osteoarthritis MRI Score. Pain and foot-related disability were assessed with the Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index. RESULTS: The severity sum score of BMLs in the midfoot was greater in patients with midfoot pain and no signs of OA on radiography compared to controls (P = 0.007), with a pattern of involvement in the cuneiform-metatarsal joints similar to that in patients with midfoot OA. In univariable models, BMLs (ρ = 0.307), JSN (ρ = 0.423), and subchondral cysts (ρ = 0.302) were positively associated with pain (P < 0.01). In multivariable models, MRI abnormalities were not associated with pain and disability when adjusted for covariates. CONCLUSION: In individuals with persistent midfoot pain but no signs of OA on radiography, MRI findings suggested an underrecognized prevalence of OA, particularly in the second and third cuneiform-metatarsal joints, where BML patterns were consistent with previously recognized sites of elevated mechanical loading. Joint abnormalities were not strongly associated with pain or foot-related disability.

Published
2022
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235. Mortality estimates and excess mortality in rheumatoid arthritis.

Author

Black, Rachel J, Lester, Susan, Tieu, Joanna, Sinnathurai, Premarani, Barrett, Claire, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Lassere, Marissa, March, Lyn, Proudman, Susanna M, and Hill, Catherine L

Subjects
SURVIVAL, CAUSES of death, RESPIRATORY diseases, PNEUMONIA, REPORTING of diseases, NOSOLOGY, CONFIDENCE intervals, AGE distribution, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, HOSPITAL mortality, COMPARATIVE studies, SEX distribution, RHEUMATOID arthritis, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, DEATH, LONG-term health care, EVALUATION
Abstract

Objectives To determine long-term (20 year) survival in RA patients enrolled in the Australian Rheumatology Association Database (ARAD). Methods ARAD patients with RA and data linkage consent who were diagnosed from 1995 onwards were included. Death data were obtained through linkage to the Australian National Death Index. Results were compared with age-, gender- and calendar year–matched Australian population mortality rates. Analysis included both the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and relative survival models. Restricted mean survival time (RMST) at 20 years was calculated as a measure of life lost. Cause-specific SMRs (CS-SMRs) were estimated for International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision cause of death classifications. Results A total of 1895 RA patients were included; 74% were female, baseline median age 50 years (interquartile range 41–58), with 204 deaths. There was no increase in mortality over the first 10 years of follow up, but at 20 years the SMR was 1.49 (95% CI 1.30, 1.71) and the relative survival was 94% (95% CI 91, 97). The difference between observed (18.41 years) and expected (18.68 years) RMST was 4 months. Respiratory conditions were an important underlying cause of death in RA, primarily attributable to pneumonia [CS-SMR 5.2 (95% CI 2.3, 10.3)] and interstitial lung disease [CS-SMR 7.6 (95% CI 3.0, 14.7)], however, coronary heart disease [CS-SMR 0.82 (95% CI 0.42, 1.4)] and neoplasms [CS-SMR 1.2 (95% CI 0.89, 1.5)] were not. Conclusion Mortality risk in this RA cohort accrues over time and is moderately increased at 20 years of follow-up. Respiratory diseases may have supplanted cardiovascular diseases as a major contributor to this mortality gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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236. A Qualitative Study Exploring Motivators and Barriers to COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Adults in South Africa and Zimbabwe

Author

Myburgh, Nellie, primary, Mulaudzi, Mamakiri, additional, Tshabalala, Gugulethu, additional, Beta, Norest, additional, Gutu, Kimberley, additional, Vermaak, Stefanie, additional, Lau, Charles, additional, Hill, Catherine, additional, Stanberry, Lawrence, additional, James, Wilmot, additional, Madhi, Shabir, additional, Makadzange, Tariro, additional, and Dietrich, Janan Janine, additional

Published
2023
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240. Measuring the impact of steroid therapy on health-related quality of life in patients with rheumatic diseases: international development of a glucocorticoid treatment-specific patient-reported outcome measure

Author

Bridgewater, Susan, primary, Shepherd, Michael A, additional, Dawson, Jill, additional, Richards, Pamela, additional, Silverthorne, Christine, additional, Ndosi, Mwidimi, additional, Almeida, Celia, additional, Black, Rachel J, additional, Cheah, Jonathan T L, additional, Dures, Emma, additional, Ghosh, Nilasha, additional, Hoon, Elizabeth A, additional, Lyne, Suellen, additional, Navarro-Millan, Iris, additional, Pearce-Fisher, Diyu, additional, Ruediger, Carlee, additional, Tieu, Joanna, additional, Yip, Kevin, additional, Mackie, Sarah L, additional, Goodman, Susan, additional, Hill, Catherine, additional, and Robson, Joanna C, additional

Published
2023
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242. 33 Cardiac MRI thresholds for improvement in pulmonary arterial hypertension

Author

Alabed, Samer, primary, Garg, Pankaj, additional, Alandejani, Faisal, additional, Dwivedi, Krit, additional, Maiter, Ahmed, additional, Karunasaagarar, Kavita, additional, Rajaram, Smitha, additional, Hill, Catherine, additional, Thomas, Steven, additional, Gossling, Rebecca, additional, Sharkey, Michael, additional, Wild, Jim M, additional, Watsong, Lisa, additional, Hameed, Abdul, additional, Charalampopoulos, Athaniosis, additional, Lu, Haiping, additional, Rothman, Alex, additional, Lewis, Robert A, additional, Armstrong, Iain, additional, Condliffe, Robin, additional, van der Geest, Rob J, additional, Swift, Andrew J, additional, and Kiely, David G, additional

Published
2023
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243. Retrospective Analysis of Direct-Acting Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) Initiation Timing and Outcomes After Thrombolysis in High- and Intermediate-Risk Pulmonary Embolism

Author

Wolfe, Adam, primary, Phillips, Angela, additional, Tierney, David M, additional, Melamed, Roman, additional, Qadri, Ghazi, additional, Lillyblad, Matthew, additional, Smith, Claire, additional, St. Hill, Catherine, additional, Stenzel, Ashley E, additional, Beddow, David, additional, Kirven, Justin, additional, Kethireddy, Rajesh, additional, and Patel, Love, additional

Published
2023
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246. Apes in the Anthropocene: flexibility and survival

Author

Hockings, Kimberley J., McLennan, Matthew R., Carvalho, Susana, Ancrenaz, Marc, Bobe, René, Byrne, Richard W., Dunbar, Robin I.M., Matsuzawa, Tetsuro, McGrew, William C., Williamson, Elizabeth A., Wilson, Michael L., Wood, Bernard, Wrangham, Richard W., and Hill, Catherine M.

Published
2015
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248. A study of territoriality in Cercopithecus diana : do females take an active part in territorial defence?

Author

Hill, Catherine Margaret

Subjects
599.8
Abstract

In the past, studies of territoriality in primates have concentrated on the role of males in territorial defence. But sociobiological theory of female strategies, and in particular Wrangham's model of female-bonded primate groups, suggest that in many species females should be investing considerable amounts of energy in defence of their food resources against other groups of females. The aims of this thesis are to: 1. investigate the roles of male and female Cercopithecus diana in territorial defence, and 2. determine whether female behaviour is consistent with food resource defence and male behaviour with reproductive resource defence as predicted by Wrangham's model. Annual activity budgets, feeding, ranging and territorial calling behaviour of two groups of C. diana are presented, alongside information on plant production cycles and the spatial distribution of potential food resources. Diana monkeys were observed living in groups of about 20 animals, comprising 1-2 adult males, 6-10 adult females, and subadults, juveniles and infants. Infants were born during the dry season. Diana monkeys feed on fruits, flowers, leaves and arthropods. Diet varies across the seasons following plant production cycles. Ranging patterns are determined, at least in part, by the spatial distribution of particular flowers and fruits that are important components of the diet. Females initiate territorial calling bouts significantly more often than does the group male. Intergroup encounters occurred very infrequently, but when they did it was the females, subadults and juveniles that were observed fighting with other groups while the males gave loud calls and jumping displays to one another. The thesis looks at whether females are defending food resources against other females. Territorial calling is investigated with respect to location within territory, and spatial distribution of important food resources. Male calling behaviour and defence of reproductive females is also considered. The implications of Diana monkeys calling behaviour are discussed in relation to theories of primate territoriality and defence with particular reference to Wrangham's model of female-bonded groups.

Published
1991

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