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Se cumple un año de la aprobación por parte de la Asamblea General de Naciones Unidas de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). Una Agenda mundial para conseguir en los próximos 15 años una sociedad próspera, justa e igualitaria. Se trata de 17 ODS que recogen la transparencia de manera explícita en tres de ellos y de modo transversal en todos como factor fundamental para su consecución. Entre las novedades, la nueva Agenda asigna al sector privado un papel clave como agente de desarrollo, invitándole a restaurar la confianza, la justicia y la igualdad en el mundo trabajando por una sociedad y una economía más transparentes. El Pacto Mundial ha apostado desde hace más de quince años por la transparencia en el tejido empresarial a través del Principio 10 "las empresas deben trabajar contra la corrupción en todas sus formas, incluidas extorsión y soborno" y, en la actualidad, ostenta el mandato de promover los ODS en el sector privado, Shortly it will be the first year anniversary since the United Nations General Assembly approved the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A global agenda that is working to build a prosper, fair and egalitarian society. While cutting across all of them, transparency is explicitly stated in three out of the 17 SDGs, being one of the main factors that compromises their fulfilment. Among the novelties, the new Agenda provides a key role to the private sector as an agent of development, conveying it to restore confidence, justice and equality in the world by working towards a more transparent economy and society. The UN Global Compact has been working for more than 15 years now to promote transparency within the business community through the 10th Principle “Businesses should work against corruption in all its forms, including extortion and bribery” and, today, has the mandate to promote the SDGs within the private sector

Little information exists about the role of anemia in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) admitted to Intensive Cardiac Care Units (ICCU). The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of anemia and its impact on management and outcomes in this clinical setting. All consecutive patients admitted to eight different ICCUs with diagnosis of non-ST segment elevation ACS (NSTEACS) were prospectively included. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin < 130 g/L in men and < 120 g/L in women. The association between anemia and mortality or readmission at six months was assessed by the Cox regression method. A total of 629 patients were included. Mean age was 66.6 years. A total of 197 patients (31.3%) had anemia. Coronary angiography was performed in most patients (96.2%). Patients with anemia were significantly older, with a higher prevalence of comorbidities, poorer left ventricle ejection fraction and higher GRACE score values. Patients with anemia underwent less often coronary angiography, but underwent more often intraaortic counterpulsation, non-invasive mechanical ventilation and renal replacement therapies. Both ICCU and hospital stay were significantly longer in patients with anemia. Both the incidence of mortality (HR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.43-7.85, P = 0.001) and the incidence of mortality/readmission were significantly higher in patients with anemia (HR = 2.80, 95% CI: 2.03-3.86, P = 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, the association between anemia and mortality/readmission remained significant (P = 0.031). Almost one of three NSTEACS patients admitted to ICCU had anemia. Most patients underwent coronary angiography. Anemia was independently associated to poorer outcomes at 6 months.

El manuscrito explora la vestimenta habitual y tradicional del pueblo Rarámuri, más conocida por tarahumara. Su cosmovisión se impregna en los atuendos, diseños y colores elegidos, simple, adusta, pero de una belleza que la relaciona con la inmediatez. Al igual que su relación con la naturaleza, basada en el respeto, esta situación lo enmarca como atractivo en la actividad del turismo, en el sentido de diferenciación del patrimonio cultural. En definitiva, el carácter histórico y las condiciones ambientales conforman patrones culturales que se reflejan en la indumentaria, entendida la cultura como un conjunto de creencias, actitudes y costumbres, que influyen en la forma de proceder, pensar y de festejar. Los cambios por la dinámica social y la migración de los tarahumaras han constituido cambios en el estilo de vida y en la adopción de materiales, como el uso de ropa de confección industrial, influenciados por la globalización.

[ES] A medida que la población mundial crece exponencialmente, las tasas de consumo y la demanda de nuevos productos también aumentan drásticamente. Como resultado, un gran número de productos al final de la vida útil (EoL) se están eliminando continuamente, lo que da lugar a una serie de problemas ambientales. Este proyecto de final de máster tiene por objeto llevar a cabo el desarrollo y la caracterización de compuestos de polímeros reforzados con fibra de vidrio a partir del reciclaje de los residuos de las turbinas eólicas, concretamente mediante el reciclaje mecánico de las palas de las turbinas eólicas de EoL. Esta tesis forma parte de las iniciativas pertenecientes a la estrategia Europa 2020 para generar un crecimiento sostenible, inteligente e inclusivo, es decir, una Europa que utilice los recursos de manera eficiente. El trabajo de tesis se realizó en el marco de un proyecto europeo Horizonte 2020 titulado "FiberEUse, Large scale demonstration of new circular economy value-chains based on the re-use of end-of-life fibre reinforced composites" (Proyecto Nº 730323). Por consiguiente, el objetivo final de esta tesis es la fabricación de un nuevo material compuesto para aplicaciones posteriores, logrando el principio de Economía Circular a los compuestos de EoL. En primer lugar, se prepararon muestras de compuestos de polímeros reforzados con fibra de vidrio. Los compuestos se fabricaron a partir de un 60% en peso de fibras de vidrio recicladas junto con la resina epoxídica comercial AralditeBY158 y el reactivo comercial Aradur21 que modifica la viscosidad y el tiempo de gelificación de la resina, ya que según estudios anteriores la cantidad óptima de fibras de vidrio recicladas era del 60% en peso. Estas muestras de material se caracterizaron a través de diferentes propiedades como la resistencia a la tracción, la temperatura de transición vítrea, las mediciones del ángulo de contacto por el método de la gota sésil entre otros. Finalmente, gracias a los resultados positivos obtenidos del material compuesto, la superficie del material fue recubierta para optimizar sus propiedades. Se utilizarán diferentes tipos de reactivos comerciales como el Omnicat440, el anhídrido succínico y el anhídrido ftálico, y diferentes tecnologías para la deposición de soluciones de recubrimiento como el aerógrafo y el pincel. Se empleó especialmente el método de curado con luz ultravioleta. Los mejores resultados de revestimiento se obtuvieron con una tecnología de pretratamiento por plasma de la superficie del compuesto antes de la etapa de revestimiento y utilizando el aerógrafo para la deposición de las soluciones de revestimiento. Sin embargo, debido a la situación actual causada por el virus Covid-19 no ha sido posible obtener una solución de revestimiento óptima para el acabado de la superficie del material remanufacturado. Para llevar a cabo esta labor se han utilizado varias técnicas de caracterización, como la calorimetría de barrido diferencial (DSC) y UV-DSC, ensayos de tracción y mediciones del ángulo de contacto., [EN] As the world population grows exponentially, consumption rates and demand for new products also increase dramatically. As a result, a large number of end-of-life (EoL) products are continuously being phased out, resulting in a number of environmental problems. This Final Master's Degree Project aims to perform the development and characterisation of fibreglass reinforced polymer composites from the recycling of wind turbine waste, specifically through the mechanical recycling of the blades of EoL wind turbines. This thesis is part of the initiatives belonging to the Europe 2020 strategy to generate sustainable, intelligent and inclusive growth, that is, a Europe that uses resources efficiently. The thesis work was performed in the framework of a Horizon 2020 European project entitled ¿FiberEUse, Large scale demonstration of new circular economy value-chains based on the reuse of end-of-life fibre reinforced composites¿ (Project Number 730323). Therefore, the final objective of this thesis is the manufacture of a new composite material for subsequent applications, achieving the principle of Circular Economy to EoL compounds. First, samples of glass-fibre reinforced polymer composites were prepared. The composites were made from 60% by weight of recycled glass fibres together with the commercial epoxy resin AralditeBY158 and the commercial reagent Aradur21 which modifies the viscosity and gelling time of the resin, since according to previous studies the optimal amount of recycled glass fibres was 60% by weight. These material samples were characterized through different properties such as tensile strength, glass transition temperature, contact angle measurements by sessile drop method among others. Finally, thanks to the positive results obtained from the composite material, the surface of the material was coated to optimize its properties. Different types of commercial reagents such as Omnicat440, succinic anhydride and phthalic anhydride and different technologies for the deposition of coating solutions such as airbrush and brush will be used. Especially the method of curing with UV light was employed. The best coating results were obtained with a plasma pre-treatment technology of the surface of the composite prior to the coating stage and by using the airbrush for the deposition of the coating solutions. However, due to the current situation caused by the Covid-19 virus it has not been possible to obtain an optimal coating solution for the surface finishing of the remanufactured material. In order to carry out this work, several characterization techniques have been used, such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and UV-DSC, tensile tests and contact angle measurements.

“The authors would like to thank the Norwegian Dementia Genetics Network (DemGene), the European DLB Consortium (E-DLB), Dementia Genetics Spanish Consortium (DEGESCO) and Genomic Research at Fundació ACE (GR@ACE) Consortium. Fundació ACE would like to thank patients and controls who participated in this project. We are indebted to private donors for their support of Fundació ACE research programs. Fundació ACE collaborates with the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, Spain) and is one of the participating centers of the Dementia Genetics Spanish Consortium (DEGESCO). The study was founded by the Research Council of Norway, Norwegian Regional Health Authorities and Norwegian Health Association and 237250/EU/JPND (APGeM). The Cohort 2 results were generated with the assistance of financial support of grants PI13/02434 and PI16/01861. Acción Estratégica en Salud, integrated in the Spanish National R + D + I Plan and financed by ISCIII (Instituto de Salud Carlos III)-Subdirección General de Evaluación and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER- “Una manera de Hacer Europa”). GR@ACE project has been funded by Fundación bancaria “La Caixa”, Grifols SA, Fundació ACE. The funding sources did not in any way affect the results or presentation of the results.” should read: “The authors would like to thank the Norwegian Dementia Genetics Network (DemGene), the European DLB Consortium (E-DLB), Dementia Genetics Spanish Consortium (DEGESCO) and Genomic Research at Fundació ACE (GR@ACE) Consortium. Fundació ACE would like to thank patients and controls who participated in this project. We are indebted to private donors for their support of Fundació ACE research programs. Fundació ACE collaborates with the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, Spain) and is one of the participating centers of the Dementia Genetics Spanish Consortium (DEGESCO). The study was founded by the Research Council of Norway, Norwegian Regional Health Authorities and Norwegian Health Association and 237250/EU/JPND (APGeM). The Cohort 2 results were generated with the assistance of financial support of grants PI13/02434 and PI16/01861. Acción Estratégica en Salud, integrated in the Spanish National R + D + I Plan and financed by ISCIII (Instituto de Salud Carlos III)-Subdirección General de Evaluación and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER- “Una manera de Hacer Europa”). GR@ACE project has been funded by Fundación bancaria “La Caixa”, Grifols SA, Fundació ACE. The funding sources did not in any way affect the results or presentation of the results. This paper represents independent research partly funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London. The views expressed are those of the author and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care”.

The genetic variant rs72824905-G (minor allele) in the PLCG2 gene was previously associated with a reduced Alzheimer's disease risk (AD). The role of PLCG2 in immune system signaling suggests it may also protect against other neurodegenerative diseases and possibly associates with longevity. We studied the effect of the rs72824905-G on seven neurodegenerative diseases and longevity, using 53,627 patients, 3,516 long-lived individuals and 149,290 study-matched controls. We replicated the association of rs72824905-G with reduced AD risk and we found an association with reduced risk of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We did not find evidence for an effect on Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) risks, despite adequate sample sizes. Conversely, the rs72824905-G allele was associated with increased likelihood of longevity. By-proxy analyses in the UK Biobank supported the associations with both dementia and longevity. Concluding, rs72824905-G has a protective effect against multiple neurodegenerative diseases indicating shared aspects of disease etiology. Our findings merit studying the PLCγ2 pathway as drug-target. The genetic variant rs72824905-G (minor allele) in the PLCG2 gene was previously associated with a reduced Alzheimer's disease risk (AD). The role of PLCG2 in immune system signaling suggests it may also protect against other neurodegenerative diseases and possibly associates with longevity. We studied the effect of the rs72824905-G on seven neurodegenerative diseases and longevity, using 53,627 patients, 3,516 long-lived individuals and 149,290 study-matched controls. We replicated the association of rs72824905-G with reduced AD risk and we found an association with reduced risk of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We did not find evidence for an effect on Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) risks, despite adequate sample sizes. Conversely, the rs72824905-G allele was associated with increased likelihood of longevity. By-proxy analyses in the UK Biobank supported the associations with both dementia and longevity. Concluding, rs72824905-G has a protective effect against multiple neurodegenerative diseases indicating shared aspects of disease etiology. Our findings merit studying the PLCγ2 pathway as drug-target.

The probable-amnestic (Pr-a) mild cognitive impairment (MCI)-storage subtype is a phenotype with 8.5 times more risk of conversion to dementia, mainly Alzheimer's disease (AD), than the possible non-amnestic (Pss-na) MCI. The aim of this study was to find the optimized cognitive composites (CCs) domain scores most related to neuroimaging biomarkers within Pr-aMCI-storage subtype patients. The Fundació ACE (ACE) study with 20 Pr-aMCI-storage subtype subjects (MCI) were analyzed. All subjects underwent a neuropsychological assessment, a structural MRI, FDG-PET, and PIB-PET. The adjusted hippocampal volume (aHV) on MRI, the standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) on FDG-PET and PIB-PET SUVR measures were analyzed. The construction of the CCs domain scores, and the aHV on MRI and FDG-PET SUVR measures, were replicated in the parental AB255 study database (n = 133 MCI). Partial correlations adjusted by age, gender, and education were calculated with the associated p -value among every CC domain score and the neuroimaging biomarkers. The results were replicated in the "MCI due to AD" with memory storage impairments from ADNI. Delayed Recall CC domain score was significantly correlated with PIB-PET SUVR (β= -0.61, p = 0.003) in the ACE study and also with aHV on MRI (β= 0.27, p = 0.01) and FDG-PET SUVR (β= 0.27, p = 0.01) in the AB255 study. After a median survival time of 20.6 months, 85% from the ACE MCI converted to AD. The replication of our results in the ADNI dataset also confirmed our findings. Delayed Recall is the CC domain score best correlated with neuroimaging biomarkers associated with prodromal AD diagnosis.

The G4C2-repeat expansion in C9orf72 is the most common known cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. The high phenotypic heterogeneity of C9orf72 patients includes a wide range in age of onset, modifiers of which are largely unknown. Age of onset could be influenced by environmental and genetic factors both of which may trigger DNA methylation changes at CpG sites. We tested the hypothesis that age of onset in C9orf72 patients is associated with some common single nucleotide polymorphisms causing a gain or loss of CpG sites and thus resulting in DNA methylation alterations. Combined analyses of epigenetic and genetic data have the advantage of detecting functional variants with reduced likelihood of false negative results due to excessive correction for multiple testing in genome-wide association studies. First, we estimated the association between age of onset in C9orf72 patients (n = 46) and the DNA methylation levels at all 7603 CpG sites available on the 450 k BeadChip that are mapped to common single nucleotide polymorphisms. This was followed by a genetic association study of the discovery (n = 144) and replication (n = 187) C9orf72 cohorts. We found that age of onset was reproducibly associated with polymorphisms within a 124.7 kb linkage disequilibrium block tagged by top-significant variation, rs9357140, and containing two overlapping genes (LOC101929163 and C6orf10). A meta-analysis of all 331 C9orf72 carriers revealed that every A-allele of rs9357140 reduced hazard by 30% (P = 0.0002); and the median age of onset in AA-carriers was 6 years later than GG-carriers. In addition, we investigated a cohort of C9orf72 negative patients (n = 2634) affected by frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; and also found that the AA-genotype of rs9357140 was associated with a later age of onset (adjusted P = 0.007 for recessive model). Phenotype analyses detected significant association only in the largest subgroup of patients with frontotemporal dementia (n = 2142, adjusted P = 0.01 for recessive model). Gene expression studies of frontal cortex tissues from 25 autopsy cases affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis revealed that the G-allele of rs9357140 is associated with increased brain expression of LOC101929163 (a non-coding RNA) and HLA-DRB1 (involved in initiating immune responses), while the A-allele is associated with their reduced expression. Our findings suggest that carriers of the rs9357140 GG-genotype (linked to an earlier age of onset) might be more prone to be in a pro-inflammatory state (e.g. by microglia) than AA-carriers. Further, investigating the functional links within the C6orf10/LOC101929163/HLA-DRB1 pathway will be critical to better define age-dependent pathogenesis of frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Resumen tomado de la publicación Monográfico con el título: “Alimentación y educación saludable” La alimentación ejerce un papel esencial en nuestras vidas. Nos alimentamos a diario, del mismo modo que respiramos o dormimos, pero alimentarse va mucho más allá de un acto de supervivencia. Lo que elijamos para comer y para beber, y cómo lo hagamos tendrá una repercusión directa en nuestra salud, nuestro bienestar y también en nuestro entorno. Por todo ello, es fundamental instaurar buenos hábitos de alimentación y estilos de vida desde edades tempranas para lograr un cambio sostenible. Biblioteca del Ministerio de Educación y Formación Profesional; Calle San Agustín, 5; 28014 Madrid; Tel. +34917748000; biblioteca@educacion.gob.es ESP

En la actualidad, todavía prima la concepción de las matemáticas como algo aburrido, es por ello por lo que los alumnos, en muchas ocasiones, asisten a clase desmotivados. Por lo tanto, cambiar la percepción hacia las mismas podría ayudar a cambiar la motivación del alumno. Por otra parte, los juegos son herramientas con un alto nivel motivacional, así pues, se va a investigar la potencialidad de utilizar este recurso en el aula como elemento motivador y eje vertebrador en la planificación de sesiones. Se estudiará el valor educativo del juego para la adquisición y el aprendizaje de contenidos matemáticos y su efectividad al combinar aspectos educativos y lúdicos. Se va a realizar un análisis bibliográfico acerca del tema destacando algunas definiciones y clasificaciones de autores importantes, las ventajas e inconvenientes del uso de esta herramienta metodológica en el aula y el diseño y análisis de una serie de encuestas para maestros y alumnos. Además, se llevará a cabo el diseño y experimentación en el aula de Educación Primaria de una serie de juegos con el objetivo enseñar contenidos relativos a la geometría.

Figure S1. miRNA levels in human entorhinal cortex (A), hippocampus (B) and cerebellum (C) at different stages of AD pathology compared with cognitively healthy controls. Figure S2. Correlation plots for plasma miRNAs expression levels vs age. Figure S3. Circulating miRNAs levels comparison between sexes. Figure S4. NPTX1 and NPTXR protein levels in AD human entorhinal cortex. Table S1. Tissue samples information. Table S2. Validated miRNA-target interactions for candidate miRNAs based on miRWalk2.0 database. Only selected synaptic-related targets are shown. Table S3. Follow-up of MCI patients. (PDF 1295 kb)

The semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) is a clinical syndrome characterized by neurodegeneration and progressive loss of semantic knowledge. Unlike many other forms of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), svPPA has a highly consistent underlying pathology composed of TDP-43 (a regulator of RNA and DNA transcription metabolism). Previous genetic studies of svPPA are limited by small sample sizes and a paucity of common risk variants. Despite this, svPPA’s relatively homogenous clinicopathologic phenotype makes it an ideal investigative model to examine genetic processes that may drive neurodegenerative disease. In this study, we used GWAS metadata, tissue samples from pathologically confirmed frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and in silico techniques to identify and characterize protein interaction networks associated with svPPA risk. We identified 64 svPPA risk genes that interact at the protein level. The protein pathways represented in this svPPA gene network are critical regulators of RNA metabolism and cell death, such as SMAD proteins and NOTCH1. Many of the genes in this network are involved in TDP-43 metabolism. Contrary to the conventional notion that svPPA is a clinical syndrome with few genetic risk factors, our analyses show that svPPA risk is complex and polygenic in nature. Risk for svPPA is likely driven by multiple common variants in genes interacting with TDP-43, along with cell death,x` working in combination to promote neurodegeneration.

Resumen En el presente trabajo analizamos las dos versiones en español de la obra teatral The Savior (Morton, 1992), la más antigua a cargo del propio dramaturgo en colaboración con el teatro hondureño La Fragua (Romero de las Américas, inédita) y la más reciente a cargo de I. C. Flores Hernández y del grupo del Teatro Universitario de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (Romero, el Salvador, inédita). La obra, ambientada en El Salvador a finales de los setenta, trata de la figura, de la obra y del asesinato de monseñor Óscar Arnulfo Romero. A la luz de las problemáticas teóricas puestas de manifiesto por la Escuela de la Manipulación y del concepto de reescritura (Lefevere, 1982; 1992), intentaremos mostrar cómo los dos productos textuales (la versión hondureña, relativamente más target-oriented y la poblana, más source-oriented) están moldeados conforme los vínculos extratextuales y genéricos de fondo que marcaron las circunstancias concretas de su elaboración, atendiendo también a su función primordial, la interpretación en las tablas. Abstract In this article we analyze the two Spanish versions of the play The Savior (Morton, 1992), an earlier one adapted by Morton himself and Honduran Teatro La Fragua (Romero de las Américas, unpublished) and a later one by I. C. Flores Hernández and Teatro Universitario de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (Romero, el Salvador, unpublished). The play, set in El Salvador in the Seventies, features the last years of life and the killing of archbishop Óscar Arnulfo Romero. Drawing on the theoretical framework of the School of Manipulation and Lefevere's construct of rewriting (Lefevere, 1982; 1992) we argue that the different approaches adopted for the two translations (the former relatively more target-oriented and the latter relatively more source-oriented) are largely motivated by the extra-textual constraints in which they were produced, namely the socio-historical setting and purpose of the translation (i.e., stage performance)., Artifara, N. 18 (2018)