13,263 results on '"Haynes P"'
Search Results
202. Artemisia Species and Their Active Constituents for Treating Schistosomiasis
- Author
-
Taljaard, Lorencia, Haynes, Richard K., and van der Kooy, Frank
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
203. Social Interpersonal Relationship Attitudes Toward Cisgender and Transgender Peers Among Cisgender Heterosexual University Students in Taiwan
- Author
-
Chang, Te-Sheng, Kerdsomboon, Chakree, and Haynes, Alexander MacDonald
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
204. Accountable Selves and Responsibility Within a Global Forum
- Author
-
Pagan, Victoria, Haynes, Kathryn, and Reissner, Stefanie
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
205. Excitation-Dependent pKa Extends the Sensing Range of Fluorescence Lifetime pH Sensors
- Author
-
Emily P. Haynes, Mary Canzano, and Mathew Tantama
- Subjects
pH ,fluorescence lifetime ,pKa ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
Biological activity is strongly dependent on pH, which fluctuates within a variety of neutral, alkaline, and acidic local environments. The heterogeneity of tissue and subcellular pH has driven the development of sensors with different pKa values, and a huge assortment of fluorescent sensors have been created to measure and visualize pH in living cells and tissues. In particular, sensors that report based on fluorescence lifetime are advantageous for quantitation. Here, we apply a theoretical framework to derive how the apparent pKa of lifetime-based pH sensors depends on fluorescence excitation wavelength. We demonstrate that theory predicts the behavior of two different fluorescent protein-based pH sensors in solution as proofs-of-concept. Furthermore, we show that this behavior has great practical value in living cells because it extends the sensing range of a single sensor by simply choosing appropriate detection parameters to match the physiological pH range of interest. More broadly, our results show that the versatility of a single lifetime-based sensor has been significantly underappreciated, and our approach provides a means to use a single sensor across a range of pH environments.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
206. Editorial Introduction, Religions Special Issue, Peace, Politics, and Religion: Volume II
- Author
-
Jeffrey Haynes
- Subjects
n/a ,Religions. Mythology. Rationalism ,BL1-2790 - Abstract
In recent years, a burgeoning body of literature on the relationship between peace, politics and religion has emerged [...]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
207. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions with nanofertilizers
- Author
-
Dimkpa, Christian O., Haynes, Christy L., and White, Jason C.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
208. Pediatric Telemedicine: Lessons Learned During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic and Opportunities for Growth.
- Author
-
Haynes, Sarah C and Marcin, James P
- Subjects
Humans ,Telemedicine ,Child ,Pandemics ,COVID-19 ,Pediatrics ,Telehealth ,Video visits ,Virtual visits ,Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD) ,Clinical Research ,Pediatric ,Pediatric Research Initiative ,Health Services ,Good Health and Well Being - Abstract
The accelerated uptake of telemedicine during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has resulted in valuable experience and evidence on the delivery of telemedicine for pediatric patients. The pandemic has also highlighted inequities and opportunities for improvement. This review discusses lessons learned during the pandemic, focusing on provider-to-patient virtual encounters. Recent evidence on education and training, developing and adapting clinical workflows, patient assessment and treatment, and family-centered care is reviewed. Opportunities for future research in pediatric telemedicine are discussed, specifically with regard to engaging pediatric patients, improving and measuring access to care, addressing health equity, and expanding the evidence base.
- Published
- 2022
209. Partial RAG deficiency in humans induces dysregulated peripheral lymphocyte development and humoral tolerance defect with accumulation of T-bet+ B cells
- Author
-
Csomos, Krisztian, Ujhazi, Boglarka, Blazso, Peter, Herrera, Jose L, Tipton, Christopher M, Kawai, Tomoki, Gordon, Sumai, Ellison, Maryssa, Wu, Kevin, Stowell, Matthew, Haynes, Lauren, Cruz, Rachel, Zakota, Bence, Nguyen, Johnny, Altrich, Michelle, Geier, Christoph B, Sharapova, Svetlana, Dasso, Joseph F, Leiding, Jennifer W, Smith, Grace, Al-Herz, Waleed, de Barros Dorna, Mayra, Fadugba, Olajumoke, Fronkova, Eva, Kanderova, Veronika, Svaton, Michael, Henrickson, Sarah E, Hernandez, Joseph D, Kuijpers, Taco, Kandilarova, Snezhina Mihailova, Naumova, Elizaveta, Milota, Tomas, Sediva, Anna, Moshous, Despina, Neven, Benedicte, Saco, Tara, Sargur, Ravishankar, Savic, Sinisa, Sleasman, John, Sunkersett, Gauri, Ward, Brant R, Komatsu, Masanobu, Pittaluga, Stefania, Kumanovics, Attila, Butte, Manish J, Cancro, Michael P, Pillai, Shiv, Meffre, Eric, Notarangelo, Luigi D, and Walter, Jolan E
- Subjects
Biotechnology ,Infectious Diseases ,1.1 Normal biological development and functioning ,Underpinning research ,B-Lymphocytes ,Cell Differentiation ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Homeodomain Proteins ,Humans ,Immune Tolerance ,Lymphocyte Count ,Nuclear Proteins ,Immunology - Abstract
The recombination-activating genes (RAG) 1 and 2 are indispensable for diversifying the primary B cell receptor repertoire and pruning self-reactive clones via receptor editing in the bone marrow; however, the impact of RAG1/RAG2 on peripheral tolerance is unknown. Partial RAG deficiency (pRD) manifesting with late-onset immune dysregulation represents an 'experiment of nature' to explore this conundrum. By studying B cell development and subset-specific repertoires in pRD, we demonstrate that reduced RAG activity impinges on peripheral tolerance through the generation of a restricted primary B cell repertoire, persistent antigenic stimulation and an inflammatory milieu with elevated B cell-activating factor. This unique environment gradually provokes profound B cell dysregulation with widespread activation, remarkable extrafollicular maturation and persistence, expansion and somatic diversification of self-reactive clones. Through the model of pRD, we reveal a RAG-dependent 'domino effect' that impacts stringency of tolerance and B cell fate in the periphery.
- Published
- 2022
210. How do we…form and coordinate a national serosurvey of SARS‐CoV‐2 within the blood collection industry?
- Author
-
Fink, Rebecca V, Fisher, Lois, Sulaeman, Hasan, Dave, Honey, Levy, Matthew E, McCann, Lily, Di Germanio, Clara, Notari, Edward P, Green, Valerie, Cyrus, Sherri, Williamson, Phillip, Saa, Paula, Haynes, James M, Groves, Jamel, Mathew, Sunitha, Kaidarova, Zhanna, Bruhn, Roberta, Grebe, Eduard, Opsomer, Jean, Jones, Jefferson M, Miller, Maureen J, Busch, Michael P, and Stone, Mars
- Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology ,Clinical Sciences ,Immunology ,Infectious Diseases ,Emerging Infectious Diseases ,Prevention ,Clinical Research ,Vaccine Related ,Health Services ,Good Health and Well Being ,Antibodies ,Viral ,COVID-19 ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Humans ,Pandemics ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,Cardiovascular System & Hematology ,Cardiovascular medicine and haematology ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
BackgroundA national serosurvey of U.S. blood donors conducted in partnership with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was initiated to estimate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections and vaccinations.MethodsBeginning in July 2020, the Nationwide Blood Donor Seroprevalence Study collaborated with multiple blood collection organizations, testing labs, and leadership from government partners to capture, test, and analyze approximately 150,000 blood donation specimens per month in a repeated, cross-sectional seroprevalence survey.ResultsA CDC website (https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#nationwide-blood-donor-seroprevalence) provided stratified, population-level results to public health professionals and the general public.DiscussionThe study adapted operations as the pandemic evolved, changing specimen flow and testing algorithms, and collecting additional data elements in response to changing policies on universal blood donation screening and administration of SARS-CoV-2 spike-based vaccines. The national serosurvey demonstrated the utility of serosurveillance testing of residual blood donations and highlighted the role of the blood collection industry in public-private partnerships during a public health emergency.
- Published
- 2022
211. The Susceptibility of Teaching to White Interests: A Theoretical Explanation of the Influence of Racial Consciousness on the Behaviors of White Faculty in the Classroom
- Author
-
Haynes, Chayla
- Abstract
This article presents the White racial consciousness and faculty behavior (WRC/FB) model, which emerged from a constructivist grounded theory study I conducted. The WRC/FB model represents the inextricable link between racial consciousness and White faculty behaviors that either challenge or serve White interests and, consequently, White supremacy. This research broadens the higher education literature on teaching and learning by using Kimberlé Crenshaw's restrictive and expansive views of equality framework and Derrick Bell's interest convergence principle to establish a connection between advancing racial justice and excellence in college teaching.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
212. The Impact of COVID-19 on Online Teaching and Faculty Preparedness: A Case Study of Planning and Implementing Online Learning at an R2 Public Research University
- Author
-
Michele Renee Haynes
- Abstract
The purpose of this single-site case study was to understand four distinct online learning aspects impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in a mid-sized, urban, four-year institution in the Southern United States: (1) the faculty experience with converting courses and teaching online, (2) the university-provided instructional supports available to faculty throughout the pandemic, (3) the online learning design utilized throughout the pandemic, and (4) the university's preparedness and response to the pandemic. Through an analysis of participant interviews, document analysis, and secondary analysis of an internal COVID-19 faculty and staff survey, the study findings illustrated five distinct areas that influenced teaching and learning during COVID-19: a university facing multiple crises--and both the benefits and challenges this can bring for change and emergency management; the impact of Emergency Remote Teaching on the faculty experience of teaching online; experience with technology and preparedness to teach online as early and constant challenges; the benefit of having an institution that was in progress on improving instructional design and online learning support with leadership from administration; and an evolution of professional growth among faculty across the duration of teaching online during the pandemic. Implications for these findings include the importance of institutions remaining both prepared for crises and being willing to leverage internal initiatives in the face of emergent challenges, the value of embracing and building upon incremental change as a way of leveraging institutional momentum, and the importance of supporting technological proficiency in faculty as a way of increasing faculty self-efficacy for online instruction. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]
- Published
- 2023
213. Perspectives on the Initial Adoption of Multitiered Systems of Support for Behavior
- Author
-
Lloyd, Blair P., Carter, Erik W., Shuster, Brooke C., Axelroth, Tara L., Davis, A. Dia, Hine, Melissa C., Porritt, Marilynn M., Haynes, Rebecca L., Fareed, Sunya A., and Slaughter, James C.
- Abstract
Although the number of U.S. schools implementing multitiered systems of support for behavior (MTSS-B) continues to grow, most schools have still not adopted these evidence-based frameworks. We examined the views of educators (N = 561) at the outset of adopting MTSS-B in their schools or districts. Our survey addressed the (a) reasons schools and districts decided to adopt MTSS-B, (b) challenges they anticipated with respect to implementation, and (c) expected outcomes of MTSS-B. We also compared views across three groups of stakeholders: local school team members, building administrators, and district representatives. Although most participants reported multiple motivations for adopting MTSS-B, concerns about student behavior and the need for staff support in this area were among the primary reasons. Anticipated challenges varied by group, with district representatives affirming those challenges most strongly. Responses also suggest these stakeholders have high expectations regarding the impact of MTSS-B in their school or district. We discuss implications for technical assistance providers related to supporting a more widespread adoption of MTSS-B.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
214. A Special Kind of Hate: Black Women College Students' Experiences with Gendered
- Author
-
Patton, Lori D., Haynes, Chayla, Abukar, Jasmine, and McCollum, Symone A.
- Abstract
No existing literature centers Black women college students (BWCS) who are targeted yet absent the discourse on anti-black incidents at the intersection of gender. Using a 42-case database, we highlight how BWCS are targeted with hate, discuss gender-based racial trauma fueled by these incidents, and share recommendations for higher education.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
215. Development and Validation of the Peer Assessment Motivation Scale (PAMS) in Higher Education
- Author
-
Guo, Xiuyan, Liu, Jin, Tang, Hengtao, Gao, Ruiqin, Chen, Qu, Wolfer, Terry, and Haynes, Aisha
- Abstract
Measurement of students' peer assessment motivation is critical to understand how they participate in such activities in higher education. The current study was conducted to develop and validate a brief scale that measures student peer assessment motivation in higher education using the Expectancy-Value Theory (EVT). Initial items were developed, revised, and administered to 369 students. Exploratory factor analyses suggested a three-factor model structure (ability belief, expectancy, and task value) aligning with EVT. Confirmatory factor analyses (n = 399) supported a higher-order factor structure with the three first-order factors (i.e. ability belief, expectancy, and task value) with a decent model fit. The 20-items Peer Assessment Motivation Scale (PAMS) had decent internal reliability, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity, suggesting that it is a high-quality measure. This scale is beneficial for instructors and researchers who are interested in investigating peer assessment motivation in higher education.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
216. Truth-Telling, Black Women and the Pedagogy of Fake News in Higher Education
- Author
-
Haynes, Chayla, Ward, LaWanda W. M., and Patton, Lori D.
- Abstract
Racist and sexist power hierarchies endure in the US under the guise of fake news. The authors engage in the Black feminist tradition of truth-telling and centre the experiences of Black women in their examination of fake news and higher education's role in the perpetuation of state violence. Their analysis shows higher education institutions can engage a pedagogy of fake news, which functions as language in service to state violence against Black women. This article closes with a discussion of how higher education institutions can engage in transversal politics, in solidarity with Black women to put an end to the state violence that shapes their everyday lives.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
217. Measurement of Student Attitudes to Science and Association with Inquiry-Based Learning in Regional Schools
- Author
-
Haynes, Michele, Brown, Alinta, Nichols, Kim, and Parveen Musofer, Reshma
- Abstract
An inquiry approach to learning can have a positive impact on students' attitudes to science and their science literacy skills; two attributes that have been in steady decline internationally. The professional development of teachers in inquiry science is one way to ensure that teachers are equipped with effective strategies to teach science, particularly in non-metropolitan schools where development opportunities may be limited, and students' attitudes to science are typically less positive than in metropolitan schools. Consequently, this study measured the attitudes to science and science self-efficacy of 133 school students aged 10-15 years from six non-metropolitan schools in Queensland, Australia, and explored the association with teachers' professional development in inquiry science. A survey instrument demonstrating good psychometric properties was derived to measure three components of students' multidimensional attitudes to science: acceptance of an inquiry approach to science, enjoyment of science lessons and career-interest in science. Findings showed that students' attitudes to science and science self-efficacy differed significantly among schools. Teachers' implementation of inquiry pedagogy in these schools was also varied. Students' acceptance of inquiry science, enjoyment of science, career-interest in science and self-efficacy were positively correlated and evident in classrooms that employed a collaborative inquiry approach to teaching science.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
218. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Different Perceptual Training Methods in a Difficult Visual Discrimination Task with Ultrasound Images
- Author
-
Marris, Jessica E., Perfors, Andrew, Mitchell, David, Wang, Wayland, McCusker, Mark W., Lovell, Timothy John Haynes, Gibson, Robert N., Gaillard, Frank, and Howe, Piers D. L.
- Abstract
Recent work has shown that perceptual training can be used to improve the performance of novices in real-world visual classification tasks with medical images, but it is unclear which perceptual training methods are the most effective, especially for difficult medical image discrimination tasks. We investigated several different perceptual training methods with medically naïve participants in a difficult radiology task: identifying the degree of hepatic steatosis (fatty infiltration of the liver) in liver ultrasound images. In Experiment 1a (N = 90), participants completed four sessions of standard perceptual training, and participants in Experiment 1b (N = 71) completed four sessions of comparison training. There was a significant post-training improvement for both types of training, although performance was better when the trained task aligned with the task participants were tested on. In both experiments, performance initially improves rapidly, with learning becoming more gradual after the first training session. In Experiment 2 (N = 200), we explored the hypothesis that performance could be improved by combining perceptual training with explicit annotated feedback presented in a stepwise fashion. Although participants improved in all training conditions, performance was similar regardless of whether participants were given annotations, or underwent training in a stepwise fashion, both, or neither. Overall, we found that perceptual training can rapidly improve performance on a difficult radiology task, albeit not to a comparable level as expert performance, and that similar levels of performance were achieved across the perceptual training paradigms we compared.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
219. Preparing Pre-Service Agricultural Education Teachers to Teach Agricultural Mechanics: Are We Doing Enough?
- Author
-
Lexi Trickett, Alex Preston Byrd, Ryan G. Anderson, and J. Chris Haynes
- Abstract
Agricultural mechanics is a technical skill area that poses numerous challenges for teacher preparation programs due to safety, time needed to learn technical skills, and credit hour requirements. The skills required to manage a laboratory are crucial for instructors of agricultural mechanics curriculum. Agricultural mechanics is a popular course in secondary schools, but studies found that pre-service teachers were ill-equipped to teach the courses effectively. Determining the level of readiness of graduates of teacher preparation programs to teach agricultural mechanics was the purpose of this study. Certifying institutions for agricultural education teachers across the nation comprised our target population. A questionnaire was used to collect data for this study, resulting in 48% response rate (n = 52). Of the nine agricultural mechanics curriculum content areas most teachers reported they had five in their state curriculum. The nine content areas were determined to be "Important" by the teachers in this study. Hand/Power Tools (M = 3.69) was the only content area that institutions ranked their graduates as "Prepared" to teach. The remaining content areas were ranked as "Somewhat" or "Poorly" prepared. Most institutions stated that they required at least one course in agricultural mechanics in their program, with the average requirement being five to eight hours. It can be concluded that agricultural mechanics course requirements have decreased since 2005, even though the content is heavily taught at the secondary level. This study has shown that we must re-evaluate how we prepare students to be competent to teach agricultural mechanics.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
220. Puerto Rican Students Rising in STEM: Findings from a Multicampus Collaborative CURE Program to Promote Student Success
- Author
-
Merlis P. Alvarez-Berrios and Gabriele Haynes
- Abstract
Although Hispanic population is growing rapidly, Latino students earn fewer STEM degrees than their peers. Therefore, it is mandatory to implement strategies that improve STEM retention and graduation rates for Hispanic students. There is little research about the ways in which multicampus collaborative CUREs combined with additional academic support, affect low-income, Hispanic students and none that focus solely on Puerto Rican students in STEM. Puerto Rico (PR) has a 99% Hispanic population; thus, it is imperative to include PR in education research literature. This study sought to examine the impacts of the Research for Improved Student Experiences (RISE) in STEM program at two campuses of the Inter American University of Puerto Rico. The program included multicampus collaborative CUREs, academic advising, and peer mentoring using quasi-experimental design. Impact assessment included psychosocial metrics such as self-efficacy, science identity and sense of belonging in a pre/posttest design. These findings were triangulated with the differences between treatment and control for retention, pass rate, and course grades. The findings revealed statistically significant improvements on all metrics. This study's findings support multicampus collaborative CUREs, academic advising, and peer mentoring as useful and effective strategies for improving outcomes for low-income Hispanic students in Puerto Rico.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
221. Capacitating Community: The Writing Innovation Symposium
- Author
-
Jenn Fishman, Abigayle Farrier, Aleisha R. Balestri, Barbara Clauer, Bump Halbritter, Darci Thoune, Derek G. Handley, Gitte Frandsen, Holly Burgess, Lillian Campbell, Liz Angeli, Louise Zamparutti, Jenna Green, Jennifer Kontny, Jessica R. Edwards, Jessie Wirkus Haynes, Julie Lindquist, Kaia L. Simon, Kayla Urban Fettig, Kelsey Otero, Margaret Perrow, Maria Novotny, Marie Cleary-Fishman, Maxwell Gray, Melissa Kaplan, Patrick W. Thomas, Paul Feigenbaum, Sara Heaser, and Seán McCarthy
- Abstract
The topic of this symposium, capacitating community, invites CLJ readers to consider what makes community possible. This piece showcases one means, small conferences, via a retrospective on the Writing Innovation Symposium (WIS), a regional event with national scope that has hosted writers and writing educators annually in Milwaukee, WI, since 2018. Through a quilted conversation pieced from hours of small-group discussion, twenty-nine participants across academic and nonacademic ranks, roles, and ranges of experience offer insight into the WIS as well as the nature and value of professional community.
- Published
- 2023
222. 'Getting into Academia Can Be Tough': The Mentoring Needs of Black and Latinx Engineering Postdoctoral Scholars
- Author
-
Mendez, Sylvia L., Cooksey, Sarah E., Watson, Kathryn, Haynes, Comas, McCoy, Tammy M., Phillips, Canek, Higgs, C. Fred, III, Hicks, Illya V., and Arnett, Natalie
- Abstract
This phenomenological study explores the mentoring needs of 13 Black and Latinx engineering postdoctoral scholars who aspire to the professoriate. An adaptation of the ideal mentoring model (Zambrana et al., 2015) is employed as the conceptual framework. Moustakas' (1994) four-stage process of phenomenological data analysis was utilized to examine the interview data: epoché, horizontalization, imaginative variation, and synthesis. The phenomenon's essence is: Black and Latinx engineering postdoctoral scholars have primary and secondary mentoring needs pertaining to their immediate career acquisition of a tenure-track faculty position. Primary mentoring needs include expanding their professional network and receiving support in being a competitive faculty applicant, as well as coaching on work-life balance. Secondary needs consist of enhancing and promoting their technical skills and acquiring political guidance on racial/ethnic bias in academia. The findings of this study reveal the importance of higher education institutions and postdoctoral advisors assuming greater responsibility for ensuring postdoctoral scholars receive the mentorship and career support they desire, which may require a systematic change in the postdoctoral training environment.
- Published
- 2023
223. Blackwomen* Academics as Contemporary Anti-Slavery Rebels: Breachers of the Intersecting Contract in Tenure Denial Lawsuits
- Author
-
Ward, LaWanda, Haynes, Chayla, Petty, Raya, and Mackie, Tierra Walters
- Abstract
White men who enslaved people of African descent and wrote the U.S. Constitution never imagined Blackwomen as persons who would become educated citizens. Acknowledgments and legal interpretations to affirm Blackwomen's personhood are absent from the romanticized document. We argue that in academia the intersecting contract is imposed on Blackwomen's bodies when their worth, qualifications, and potential are overly scrutinized, and they experience epistemic and physical violence within PWIs and in society writ large. The intersecting contract, through plantation politics, further helps to explain why Blackwomen academics who are seeking tenure are expected to overextend themselves by doing extra work without fair compensation. We use intersectionality methodology in our application of Angela Davis' framework, Blackwomen as contemporary anti-slavery rebels, to illuminate how three Blackwomen academics breach the intersecting contract that undergirds discriminatory practices enacted by institutional actors to deprive them of tenure and promotion and trample on their dignity. We conclude by inviting Blackwomen academics to embody a maroon logic for rest, healing, and protection as PWIs cannot be coconspirators in our liberation.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
224. A Call for Saying 'Gay'
- Author
-
Stanley, Jared L., Haynes, Rachel, Francis, Grace L., Bilodeau, Marissa, and Andrade, Mira
- Abstract
On March 28, 2022, Florida's Governor Ron DeSantis signed HB 1557 "The Parental Rights in Education" bill into law, taking effect July 1, 2022. As written, the bill: (a) prohibits discussion of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, queer/questioning, and all other terms and concepts related to sexuality and gender (LGBTQ+) topics within schools, (b) requires schools to provide access to confidential records (e.g., counseling notes), and (c) requires school staff to notify parents when students engage in LGBTQ+ conversations or seek resources. While proponents posit that HB 1557 protects the "parents' fundamental rights to make decisions regarding the upbringing of their children," critics and activists contend that the bill will result in enduring damage to LGBTQ+ students. The purpose of this essay is threefold: (a) describe HB 1557 and elaborate on public responses to the bill, (b) provide stakeholder commentary on HB 1557, and (c) offer considerations to support members of the LGBTQ+ community in schools.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
225. The Role of Professional Development in Teacher Self-Efficacy and Retention: A Case Study
- Author
-
Haynes, Richard L.
- Abstract
Teacher retention continues to be a deeply concerning issue in the United States. The purpose of this case study was to examine the impact of professional development on the retention of novice teachers in two rural school districts in Oklahoma. This case study was viewed through the lens of Bandura's (1977) Self-Efficacy Theory. Purposeful sampling was used to select the candidates with the criteria of teachers having five years of experience or less and working in a rural school district with 500 to 1,500 students. Data were collected through interviews, pictures of classrooms, and artifacts shared by participants. The following themes emerged during the data analysis process: (1) importance of instruction-focused professional development, (2) impact of schedule and relationships on teacher retention, (3) frustrations with student behavior and lack of parental support, and (4) student achievement and peer recognition impact self-efficacy. Research from this study adds to the body of information regarding strategies to promote teacher retention and encourage more research in the specific areas of professional development and teacher self-efficacy. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]
- Published
- 2023
226. Alternate Route to Licensure Experience: A Phenomenological Study of Teacher Perceptions
- Author
-
Karma Haynes
- Abstract
This qualitative phenomenological study was designed to examine the lived experiences of teachers who obtained their licenses through nontraditional routes to identify factors that contribute to teacher success. Public schools in the United States are experiencing a teacher shortage. To staff these shortages, alternative paths to licensure will be utilized alongside traditional licensure routes. To understand the factors contributing to the perceptions of the alternate pathway to licensure, the researcher interviewed five teachers who have completed the mentoring process. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]
- Published
- 2023
227. Teacher Biography: SOLO Analysis of Preservice Teachers' Reflections of Their Experiences in Physical Education
- Author
-
Haynes, John E., Quinn, Frances, and Miller, Judith A.
- Abstract
Teacher biography, as a reflective practice, was implemented in the context of Physical Education in a primary teacher education course at a regional Australian university. Second year students were asked to provide descriptions of a critical incident they experienced at the primary or secondary level in a Physical Education or sporting context (N=214). Their responses comprised the data for this study and the Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO) Model was used to determine the levels of complexity of the responses to 'alternatives for action' associated with these incidents. More responses were multistructural (48%), than relational (24%), and unistructural (23%), with extended abstract (3%) and the least, were prestructural (2%). The responses varied for gender and mode of enrolment (on or off campus). The findings that one third of students developed higher order (relational or extended abstract) responses challenge teacher educators to consider strategies to extend critical reflections.
- Published
- 2020
228. Student Demographics and Experiences of Deeper Life Interactions within Residential Learning Communities
- Author
-
Sriram, Rishi, Haynes, Cliff, Weintraub, Susan D., Cheatle, Joseph, and Marquart, Christopher P.
- Abstract
In this article, we discuss the influence of demographic characteristics upon students' deeper life interactions with peers, faculty, and staff within the context of residential learning communities. When examining student demographic characteristics, we found that Students of Color and first-generation students have lower satisfaction with deeper life interactions with peers, but sophomores, juniors, or seniors had higher satisfaction with deeper life interactions with peers. Students did not differ on their deeper life interactions with faculty based on students' demographic characteristics. We discuss further the implications of the findings for student engagement and academic success across diverse populations and offer recommendations for maximizing the positive impact of residential learning communities on efforts to promote inclusive excellence. The article concludes with a series of recommendations for current practice and future research focused specifically on how different types of student interactions with different groups influence student outcomes.
- Published
- 2020
229. Troubling Authority and Material Bodies: Creating 'Sympoietic' Pedagogies for Working with Children and Practitioners
- Author
-
Murris, Karin and Haynes, Joanna
- Abstract
Discourses and relations of child/adult and early education are super-permeated with ideas and practices of authority and boundary-making. In early years' practices, deeply important beliefs and assumptions about who or what has authority and who or what should create the boundaries of everyday activity often go unquestioned. This produces different kinds of epistemic injustice in respect of children and those who work with them, as well as through the materialities of early childhood and training settings, including higher education. These systems of authority both express and produce wider patterns of living associated with the wider society, including democracies. Posthumanism inspires questions about not only ways of knowing, but also about the privileging of dis/embodied knowing over feeling, intuiting, sensing, making, and moving. This paper thinks from the diffractive position that knowing is a direct material and moving engagement to explore possibilities for "sympoietic" pedagogies of enquiry-making-with (Haraway, 2016), and examines how these generate new ideas about early childhood practices and what professional knowledge might become. We illustrate this diffractive curriculum and pedagogy through an example from teacher education in South Africa to make important connections between authority, pedagogy, and an enlarged framework for democratic education; in this work, we explore "sympoietic" approaches to negotiation.
- Published
- 2020
230. X-Vector based voice activity detection for multi-genre broadcast speech-to-text
- Author
-
Ogura, Misa and Haynes, Matt
- Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing ,Computer Science - Sound - Abstract
Voice Activity Detection (VAD) is a fundamental preprocessing step in automatic speech recognition. This is especially true within the broadcast industry where a wide variety of audio materials and recording conditions are encountered. Based on previous studies which indicate that xvector embeddings can be applied to a diverse set of audio classification tasks, we investigate the suitability of x-vectors in discriminating speech from noise. We find that the proposed x-vector based VAD system achieves the best reported score in detecting clean speech on AVA-Speech, whilst retaining robust VAD performance in the presence of noise and music. Furthermore, we integrate the x-vector based VAD system into an existing STT pipeline and compare its performance on multiple broadcast datasets against a baseline system with WebRTC VAD. Crucially, our proposed x-vector based VAD improves the accuracy of STT transcription on real-world broadcast audio, Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables
- Published
- 2021
231. Non-circular flows in HIghMass galaxies in a test of the late accretion hypothesis
- Author
-
Bisaria, Dhruv, Spekkens, Kristine, Huang, Shan, Hallenbeck, Gregory, and Haynes, Martha P.
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present H-alpha velocity maps for the HIghMass galaxies UGC 7899, UGC 8475, UGC 9037 and UGC 9334, obtained with the SITELLE Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, to search for kinematic signatures of late gas accretion to explain their large atomic gas reservoirs. The maps for UGC 7899, UGC 9037, and UGC 9334 are amenable to disk wide radial flow searches with the DiskFit algorithm, and those for UGC 7899 and UGC 9037 are also amenable to inner-disk kinematic analyses. We find no evidence for outer disk radial flows down to Vr ~ 20 km/s in UGC 9037 and UGC 9334, but hints of such flows in UGC 7899. Conversely, we find clear signatures of inner (r ~ 5 kpc) noncircularities in UGC 7899 and UGC 9037 that can be modelled as either bisymmetric (which could be produced by a bar) or radial flows. Comparing these models to the structure implied by photometric disk-bulge-bar decompositions, we favour inner radial flows in UGC 7899 and an inner bar in UGC 9037. With hints of outer disk radial flows and an outer disk warp, UGC 7899 is the best candidate for late accretion among the galaxies examined, but additional modelling is required to disentangle potential degeneracies between these signatures in H I and H-alpha velocity maps. Our search provides only weak = constraints on hot-mode accretion models that could explain the unusually high H I content of HIghMass galaxies., Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures, published in MNRAS Oct 8th, 2021
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
232. AGC 226178 and NGVS 3543: Two deceptive dwarfs towards Virgo
- Author
-
Jones, Michael G., Sand, David J., Bellazzini, Michele, Spekkens, Kristine, Cannon, John M., Mutlu-Pakdil, Burçin, Karunakaran, Ananthan, Beccari, Giacomo, Magrini, Laura, Cresci, Giovanni, Inoue, John L., Fuson, Jackson, Adams, Elizabeth A. K., Battaglia, Giuseppina, Bennet, Paul, Crnojević, Denija, Caldwell, Nelson, Guhathakurta, Puragra, Haynes, Martha P., Muñoz, Ricardo R., Seth, Anil, Strader, Jay, Toloba, Elisa, and Zaritsky, Dennis
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
The two sources AGC 226178 and NGVS 3543, an extremely faint, clumpy, blue stellar system and a low surface brightness dwarf spheroidal, are adjacent systems in the direction of the Virgo cluster. Both have been studied in detail previously, with it being suggested that they are unrelated normal dwarf galaxies or that NGVS 3543 recently lost its gas through ram pressure stripping, and that AGC 226178 formed from this stripped gas. However, with HST ACS imaging we demonstrate that the stellar population of NGVS 3543 is inconsistent with being at the distance of the Virgo cluster, and that it is likely a foreground object at approximately 10 Mpc. Whereas the stellar population of AGC 226178 is consistent with it being a very young (10-100 Myr) object in the Virgo cluster. Through a re-analysis of the original ALFALFA HI detection we show that AGC 226178 likely formed from gas stripped from the nearby dwarf galaxy VCC 2034, a hypothesis strengthened by the high metallicity measured with MUSE VLT observations. However, it is unclear whether ram pressure or a tidal interaction is responsible for stripping the gas. AGC 226178 is one of at least five similar objects now known towards Virgo. These objects are all young and unlikely to remain visible for over ~500 Myr, suggesting that they are continually produced in the cluster., Comment: Accepted to ApJL
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
233. A closest point method library for PDEs on surfaces with parallel domain decomposition solvers and preconditioners
- Author
-
May, Ian C. T., Haynes, Ronald D., and Ruuth, Steven J.
- Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis - Abstract
The DD-CPM software library provides a set of tools for the discretization and solution of problems arising from the closest point method (CPM) for partial differential equations on surfaces. The solvers are built on top of the well-known PETSc framework, and are supplemented by custom domain decomposition (DD) preconditioners specific to the CPM. These solvers are fully compatible with distributed memory parallelism through MPI. This library is particularly well suited to the solution of elliptic and parabolic equations, including many reaction-diffusion equations. The software is detailed herein, and a number of sample problems and benchmarks are demonstrated. Finally, the parallel scalability is measured., Comment: Accepted for publication in Numerical Algorithms
- Published
- 2021
234. First demonstration of OH suppression in a high efficiency near-infrared spectrograph
- Author
-
Ellis, S. C., Bland-Hawthorn, J., Lawrence, J. S., Horton, A. J., Content, R., Roth, M. M., Pai, N., Zhelem, R., Case, S., Hernandez, E., Leon-Saval, S. G., Haynes, R., Min, S. S., Giannone, D., Madhav, K., Rahman, A., Betters, C., Haynes, D., Couch, W., Kewley, L. J., McDermid, R., Spitler, L., Sharp, R. G., and Veilleux, S.
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics - Abstract
Ground-based near-infrared astronomy is severely hampered by the forest of atmospheric emission lines resulting from the rovibrational decay of OH molecules in the upper atmosphere. The extreme brightness of these lines, as well as their spatial and temporal variability, makes accurate sky subtraction difficult. Selectively filtering these lines with OH suppression instruments has been a long standing goal for near-infrared spectroscopy. We have shown previously the efficacy of fibre Bragg gratings combined with photonic lanterns for achieving OH suppression. Here we report on PRAXIS, a unique near-infrared spectrograph that is optimised for OH suppression with fibre Bragg gratings. We show for the first time that OH suppression (of any kind) is possible with high overall throughput (18 per cent end-to-end), and provide examples of the relative benefits of OH suppression., Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
235. Systems dynamics and causal configurations: Using dynamic pattern synthesis for macroeconomic comparative research
- Author
-
David Alemna and Philip Haynes
- Subjects
Social Sciences - Abstract
Dynamic Pattern Synthesis (DPS) provides a new longitudinal method for evaluating the impacts of macroeconomic and public policy interventions. Situated within complexity theory and critical realism, it has evolved from the established methods of Cluster Analysis and Configurational Modelling approaches. Dynamic Pattern Synthesis identifies case convergence and divergence (using quantitative techniques), while remaining close to the qualitative uniqueness of each case. In this paper, the DPS approach is used to consider macroeconomic convergence across Sub-Saharan Africa during the Millennium Development Goals, and the possible impacts of IMF interventions in stimulating long-term macroeconomic outcomes. The findings reveal a high degree of economic instability experienced across the region and varying responses to an external shock. The importance of ‘outliers’ and inconsistency in country convergence are also observed. The DPS method highlights the importance of individual country experiences in relation to external shocks. When factoring in IMF interventions, the findings highlight multiple paths to a given policy outcome, rather than a single optimal economic strategy. This opens up the debate on policy issues associated with economic complexity, including how best to create an overall environment of stability that might promote convergence and reduce the instability that undermines planning and investment.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
236. Non-neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 N-terminal domain antibodies protect mice against severe disease using Fc-mediated effector functions.
- Author
-
Camille N Pierre, Lily E Adams, Jaclyn S Higgins, Kara Anasti, Derrick Goodman, Dieter Mielke, Sherry Stanfield-Oakley, John M Powers, Dapeng Li, Wes Rountree, Yunfei Wang, Robert J Edwards, S Munir Alam, Guido Ferrari, Georgia D Tomaras, Barton F Haynes, Ralph S Baric, and Kevin O Saunders
- Subjects
Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Antibodies perform both neutralizing and non-neutralizing effector functions that protect against certain pathogen-induced diseases. A human antibody directed at the SARS-CoV-2 Spike N-terminal domain (NTD), DH1052, was recently shown to be non-neutralizing, yet it protected mice and cynomolgus macaques from severe disease. The mechanisms of NTD non-neutralizing antibody-mediated protection are unknown. Here we show that Fc effector functions mediate NTD non-neutralizing antibody (non-nAb) protection against SARS-CoV-2 MA10 viral challenge in mice. Though non-nAb prophylactic infusion did not suppress infectious viral titers in the lung as potently as neutralizing antibody (nAb) infusion, disease markers including gross lung discoloration were similar in nAb and non-nAb groups. Fc functional knockout substitutions abolished non-nAb protection and increased viral titers in the nAb group. Fc enhancement increased non-nAb protection relative to WT, supporting a positive association between Fc functionality and degree of protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection. For therapeutic administration of antibodies, non-nAb effector functions contributed to virus suppression and lessening of lung discoloration, but the presence of neutralization was required for optimal protection from disease. This study demonstrates that non-nAbs can utilize Fc-mediated mechanisms to lower viral load and prevent lung damage due to coronavirus infection.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
237. Adapting the World Health Organization’s Surgical Safety Checklist to High-Income Settings: A Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Trial Protocol
- Author
-
Nathan Turley, MA, MBA, Karolina Kogut, BA, Barbara Burian, PhD, Rachel Moyal-Smith, DrPH, PA-C, James Etheridge, MD, MPH, Yves Sonnay, MScPH, William Berry, MD, MPH, Alan Merry, MD, MBChB, Alexander Hannenberg, MD, Alex B. Haynes, MD, MPH, Roger D. Dias, MD, PhD, MBA, Kathryn Hagen, MD, George Molina, MD, MPH, Lisa Spruce, DNP, RN, Carla Williams, RN, MHSM, and Mary E. Brindle, MD, MPH, FRCSC
- Subjects
Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Objectives:. The proposed study aims to assess users’ perceptions of a surgical safety checklist (SSC) reimplementation toolkit and its impact on SSC attitudes and operating room (OR) culture, meaningful checklist use, measures of surgical safety, and OR efficiency at 3 different hospital sites. Background:. The High-Performance Checklist toolkit (toolkit) assists surgical teams in modifying and implementing or reimplementing the World Health Organization’s SSC. Through the explore, prepare, implement, and sustain implementation framework, the toolkit provides a process and set of tools to facilitate surgical teams’ modification, implementation, training on, and evaluation of the SSC. Methods:. A pre–post intervention design will be used to assess the impact of the modified SSC on surgical processes, team culture, patient experience, and safety. This mixed-methods study includes quantitative and qualitative data derived from surveys, semi-structured interviews, patient focus groups, and SSC performance observations. Additionally, patient outcome and OR efficiency data will be collected from the study sites’ health surveillance systems. Data analysis:. Statistical data will be analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions, while qualitative data will be analyzed thematically using NVivo. Furthermore, interview data will be analyzed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance implementation frameworks. Setting:. The toolkit will be introduced at 3 diverse surgical sites in Alberta, Canada: an urban hospital, university hospital, and small regional hospital. Anticipated impact:. We anticipate the results of this study will optimize SSC usage at the participating surgical sites, help shape and refine the toolkit, and improve its usability and application at future sites.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
238. Stochastic Latent Transformer: Efficient Modeling of Stochastically Forced Zonal Jets
- Author
-
Ira J. S. Shokar, Rich R. Kerswell, and Peter H. Haynes
- Subjects
machine learning ,stochastic dynamics ,transformer ,reduced order ,fluid dynamics ,Physical geography ,GB3-5030 ,Oceanography ,GC1-1581 - Abstract
Abstract We present a novel probabilistic deep learning approach, the “stochastic latent transformer” (SLT), designed for the efficient reduced‐order modeling of stochastic partial differential equations. Stochastically driven flow models are pertinent to a diverse range of natural phenomena, including jets on giant planets, ocean circulation, and the variability of midlatitude weather. However, much of the recent progress in deep learning has predominantly focused on deterministic systems. The SLT comprises a stochastically‐forced transformer paired with a translation‐equivariant autoencoder, trained toward the Continuous Ranked Probability Score. We showcase its effectiveness by applying it to a well‐researched zonal jet system, where the interaction between stochastically forced eddies and the zonal mean flow results in a rich low‐frequency variability. The SLT accurately reproduces system dynamics across various integration periods, validated through quantitative diagnostics that include spectral properties and the rate of transitions between distinct states. The SLT achieves a five‐order‐of‐magnitude speedup in emulating the zonally‐averaged flow compared to direct numerical simulations. This acceleration facilitates the cost‐effective generation of large ensembles, enabling the exploration of statistical questions concerning the probabilities of spontaneous transition events.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
239. Innovative assessment of lipid‐induced oxidative stress and inflammation in harvested human endothelial cells
- Author
-
Mohammad Saleem, Taseer Ahmad, Alexandria Porcia Haynes, Claude F. Albritton, Naome Mwesigwa, Meghan K. Graber, Annet Kirabo, and Cyndya A. Shibao
- Subjects
flow cytometry ,inflammation ,J‐wire technique ,endothelial cells ,lipid ,oxidative stress ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Abstract Studying acute changes in vascular endothelial cells in humans is challenging. We studied ten African American women and used the J‐wire technique to isolate vein endothelial cells before and after a four‐hour lipid and heparin infusion. Dynamic changes in lipid‐induced oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were measured with fluorescence‐activated cell sorting. We used the surface markers CD31 and CD144 to identify human endothelial cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from blood were used as a negative control. The participants received galantamine (16 mg/day) for 3 months. We previously demonstrated that galantamine treatment effectively suppresses lipid‐induced oxidative stress and inflammation. In this study, we infused lipids to evaluate its potential to increase the activation of endothelial cells, as assessed by the levels of CD54+ endothelial cells and expression of Growth arrest‐specific 6 compared to the baseline sample. Further, we aimed to investigate whether lipid infusion led to increased expression of the oxidative stress markers IsoLGs and nitrotyrosine in endothelial cells. This approach will expedite the in vivo identification of novel pathways linked with endothelial cell dysfunction induced by oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. This study describes an innovative method to harvest and study human endothelial cells and demonstrates the dynamic changes in oxidative stress and inflammatory markers release induced by lipid infusion.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
240. The proliferation of derivative and redundant studies in endocrinology due to the application of Mendelian Randomisation and other methods to open databases
- Author
-
Jonathan H. Tobias, Katherine Samaras, Richard Ivell, Terry F. Davies, Åke Sjöholm, Iwan Day-Haynes, and Jeff M.P. Holly
- Subjects
Mendelian Randomisation ,meta-analysis ,endocrinology ,bibliometric analyses ,epidemiology ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
241. Long COVID and cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study
- Author
-
Amitava Banerjee, Jennifer Kathleen Quint, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, S Thomas, Kamlesh Khunti, Naveed Sattar, J Breeze, Michael Marks, S Johnson, D Smith, C Wright, Colin Berry, Matthew Richardson, Ling-Pei Ho, C Tong, Amisha Singapuri, J Chen, Gerry P McCann, J Cole, X Li, J Greenwood, S Plein, A Brown, J Smith, J Brown, M Brown, J Lewis, A Young, Nicholas L Mills, A Banerjee, R Hughes, C King, L Osborne, S Jones, A Wilson, R Francis, Stefan Neubauer, D Wilkinson, P Marino, N Hart, G Kaltsakas, Alastair James Moss, Betty Raman, John Greenwood, F Khan, J Martin, S Smith, A Casey, A Sheikh, P Carter, T Thompson, B Patel, N Rahman, C Coleman, N Smith, B Williams, K Turner, D Lee, S Barratt, J Williams, L Jones, A Smith, A Gupta, R Reddy, S White, N Williams, A Michael, V Turner, H Evans, L Hall, C Lawson, J Hughes, H Gordon, C Dawson, A Ford, J Simpson, C Bloomfield, E Lee, A Taylor, D Anderson, J Clarke, S Turner, K Shaw, P Shah, S Misra, J Evans, H Jones, M Ali, A Arias, C Dupont, A Harvey, J Wormleighton, A Reed, L Pearce, P Harrison, M Marks, K Shah, J Cooper, C Berry, C David, J Parmar, R Ahmed, P Almeida, M Holland, L Lim, J Mitchell, K Bennett, S Walker, S Ahmad, M Begum, B Young, L Wright, M Holmes, N Sattar, D Clark, Ewen Harrison, M Sharma, J Teixeira, S Patel, D Thomas, I B McInnes, Nazir I Lone, D Grieve, D Griffin, S Siddiqui, E Turner, K McGlynn, C Mills, N Mohamed, A Hosseini, S Knight, K Samuel, L Smith, Chris Brightling, B Guillen-Guio, A Dewar, C Bourne, SJ Singh, RA Evans, I Vogiatzis, D Parekh, S Mandal, H Adamali, M Heightman, P Rivera-Ortega, S Stanel, N Chaudhuri, Y Cheng, L Bishop, F Gleeson, S Janes, D Baldwin, D Arnold, N Maskell, T Nicholson, L Howard, M Toshner, M Steiner, A Price, D Price, M Lipman, A Shaw, J Busby, M Patel, L McGarvey, R Evans, S West, N Petousi, D Thickett, T Gorsuch, J Fuld, P Cullinan, L Houchen-Wolloff, R Free, E Daynes, A De Soyza, E Harris, H Parfrey, F Woodhead, L Watson, K Jiwa, G Davies, G Jones, J Hurst, M Spears, J Finch, A Dipper, C Echevarria, G Jenkins, I Stewart, E Sapey, N Talbot, B Gooptu, M Richardson, P Greenhaff, K Roy, S Holden, R Russell, M Gibbons, A Morley, J Porter, R Djukanovic, V Lewis, T Shaw, Jayanth Ranjit Arnold, K Elliott, S Young, A David, C Armour, S Edwards, H Henson, P Atkin, A Daniels, L Zeidan, M Broome, M Gill, A Broadley, L Matthews, H Redfearn, S Kelly, C Thomas, D Evans, Z Omar, E Perkins, Annemarie B Docherty, J George, S Wessely, R Upthegrove, L Lavelle-Langham, D Bell, James Chalmers, Alun D Hughes, Victoria Harris, B Cooper, S Byrne, P Moss, C Singh, S Painter, A McMahon, M Ainsworth, K Scott, G Mills, C Carr, D Jones, D Faluyi, S Kerr, A Richards, S Parker, P Dark, T Jackson, L Carr, C Taylor, E Watson, C Vickers, L Armstrong, B Hairsine, L Allsop, L Stephenson, E Beranova, M Bates, C McGhee, M Harvey, A Cook, S Dunn, I Wynter, H Tench, R Loosley, J Featherstone, L Bailey, D Wilson, N Gautam, A Burns, Neil J Greening, B Card, N Powell, T Craig, L Daines, CM Nolan, RE Barker, JA Walsh, O Polgar, S Diver, J Quint, A Dunleavy, C Avram, C Francis, R Aul, J Rossdale, G Burns, H Tedd, T Felton, L Morrison, C Xie, D Menzies, A Haggar, S Marciniak, S Francis, T Dong, H Jarvis, S Brill, A Martineau, F Liew, P Haldar, C Price, A Butt, T Kabir, N Armstrong, P Beirne, E Cox, W Storrar, P Beckett, W Ibrahim, S Cooper, D Lewis, E Robinson, L Allan, C Antoniades, J T Scott, K Radhakrishnan, N Bishop, J Taylor, J Kirk, C Heeley, M Hewitt, J Watson, J Hutchinson, L Finnigan, D Lomas, S Macdonald, H Chinoy, A Ross, A Mohamed, M Soares, C Oliver, A Lucey, N Simpson, N Basu, S Logan, M J Davies, P C Calder, L Griffiths, K Davies, J McNeill, X Fu, P Cairns, F Davies, M Xu, J Quigley, A Ramos, R Stone, K Roberts, A Prabhu, L Robinson, C Wood, M Baldwin, S Wright, M G Jones, K Saunders, C O’Brien, N Rogers, S Heller, K Chapman, C O'Brien, J M Wild, A L Tan, J McCormick, C Childs, C Coupland, M Buch, J Dennis, G Baxter, H Welch, A D Hughes, M J McMahon, A Howell, J Kwan, A Rowland, A Ashworth, S Walsh, J Owen, I Jones, E McIvor, D Connell, R Thwaites, A McGovern, J Petrie, G Arbane, R Butcher, C Brookes, K Khunti, T Yates, P Chowienczyk, M Witham, M Stern, M Marshall, S Payne, L S Howard, J Woods, A Hormis, C Johnson, J Jacob, P McArdle, T Chalder, K Holmes, M Sharpe, D Stensel, T Peto, F Chan, H Ramos, C E Bolton, J-H Lee, P Mehta, M Ashworth, M Dalton, A Lloyd, L Austin, C Sampson, S Palmer, P Klenerman, K Howard, I Rudan, A McQueen, K Fallon, Catherine Bagot, M Webster, E Davies, S Jose, A McArdle, D Johnston, H Fisher, C Lynch, T Hardy, S Mohammed, V C Harris, B Elliott, G Coakley, J Stockley, S Barrett, E Guthrie, Y Peng, M Ventura, N Selby, A Briggs, G Stephens, E Richardson, K Bhui, J McIntosh, K Lewis, N French, H Qureshi, M Henderson, A Elliott, N I Lone, C Clark, K Ismail, C Summers, S Fletcher, J Rowland, M Hotopf, A Korszun, S Shashaa, H Gregory, P Daly, E Robertson, J S Brown, A Bates, P Saunders, B Marshall, A Cross, A Donaldson, B Zhao, H Lamlum, I Wilson, P Buckley, J Dawson, S Glover, C Christie, B Connolly, M Parkes, L Holloway, B King, F Speranza, M Haynes, T Rees, I Cruz, T McNally, G Ross, G Carson, M Dixon, H Arnold, P M George, K Harrington, M Rees, R Morriss, C Dickens, C Laing, E Hardy, L P Ho, P Chowdhury, M Roy, J Glossop, J Pratt, R A Evans, P Wade, Rachael Evans, S Defres, J Short, S Neubauer, R Batterham, E Wall, T Newman, G J Kemp, J R Geddes, E Russell, C Langenberg, N A Hanley, R Samuel, S Haq, D Trivedi, J Willoughby, E Stringer, S Marsh, K Bramham, L Lightstone, A Hancock, S Shelton, J P Greenwood, N Brunskill, K Munro, T Soulsby, U Nanda, A Ashish, K Liyanage, L Holt, E R Chilvers, D E Newby, L Ingram, A Bolger, J Tomlinson, C Ballard, A Humphries, V Brown, C Sharpe, D Forton, P Kar, R Gregory, D Redwood, R Steeds, K Mangion, A Chiribiri, L Ratcliffe, G P McCann, K M Channon, A M Shah, N L Mills, A Lawrie, A Greenhalgh, K O’Donnell, T Evans, K Drury, D Sutherland, A A R Thompson, J K Baillie, K Hancock, M Hoare, J Valabhji, V Shaw, K SLACK, N M Rahman, C J Jolley, S J SINGH, J D Chalmers, C E Brightling, L G Heaney, D F McAuley, D Peckham, R C Chambers, R G Jenkins, P J M Openshaw, P Neill, H Wheeler, A Moss, C Overton, D Altmann, Alex Horsley, J Blaikley, M Ostermann, L G Spencer, A Horsley, A Singapuri, B Hargadon, K E Lewis, I Jarrold, A Shikotra, S Terry, S S Kon, M Pareek, G Choudhury, W Monteiro, M Bourne, D Nicoll, A Morrow, L Roche, D G Wootton, E K Sage, N J Greening, J Hazeldine, J M Lord, A Zawia, WDC Man, D C Thomas, H Baxendale, J Rodger, D Saralaya, T Hussell, A Lea, M McNarry, B Al-Sheklly, S Thackray-Nocera, T Thornton, J Skeemer, S Greenwood, E Fraser, L Stadon, N Kanellakis, N Magee, S Kon, A Hayday, A J Moss, A Yousuf, N Lewis-Burke, S Finney, T Hillman, H McShane, C Pennington, L Gardiner, R Dharmagunawardena, G MacGowan, L Fabbri, C Subbe, L Burden, P Jezzard, N Samani, C Manisty, P Novotny, D J Cuthbertson, G A Davies, M G Semple, J Murira, W Greenhalf, A Hoare, Louise V Wain, L V Wain, I Hall, G Willis, O Adeyemi, H McGuinness, F Thaivalappil, M Babores, B Michael, D Burn, B Zheng, M Husain, J Hawkes, N Goodman, L Broad, L Turtle, R Gill, J Haworth, J Cavanagh, S Piechnik, C A Miller, S Whittaker, C Ribeiro, R Touyz, P L Molyneaux, J C Porter, R Solly, A Dougherty, E Bullmore, A Sayer, C Kurasz, S Walmsley, D Southern, K Brindle, T Wallis, L O’Brien, S Madathil, A Wight, B Jayaraman, M Flynn, A Checkley, M Plowright, E Major, K Isaacs, M Pavlides, W Schwaeble, E M Harrison, A Ayoub, N Stroud, E Lukaschuk, D P O'Regan, E Wade, V M Ferreira, R I Evans, S Siddique, A Lingford-Hughes, C Nicolaou, B Deakin, H Dobson, A Layton, C Atkin, R Flockton, I Peralta, T Brugha, C Pariante, C Welch, A Frankel, M Tobin, S Fairbairn, A Rowe, A K Thomas, R Sykes, F Barrett, H Atkins, C Norman, L Milner, K Abel, P Crisp, C Nolan, J Mackie, Marco Sereno, Krisnah Poinasamy, S Gurram, G Saalmink, H Bayes, H Aung, P Pfeffer, H Nassa, W McCormick, Claire Alexandra Lawson, R J Allen, Omer Elneima, J Hockridge, B Raman, A Fairman, H Turton, N Majeed, J Bonnington, M Bakali, M Shankar-Hari, L Holdsworth, A Buttress, R Sabit, A Rostron, K Piper Hanley, Olivia C Leavy, Aarti Shikotra, D Wraith, J P Taylor, A Alamoudi, O Elneima, E Denneny, L Saunders, J Earley, M Ralser, O Kon, D Basire, G Simons, Hamish JC McAuley, Ruth Saunders, K Poinasamy, R Dowling, C Edwardson, L Houchen--Wolloff, O C Leavy, H J C McAuley, T Plekhanova, R M Saunders, M Sereno, Y Ellis, H E Hardwick, W Reynolds, B Venson, A B Docherty, D Lozano-Rojas, K Ntotsis, R Pius, M Halling-Brown, S Aslani, M Beggs, M P Cassar, C McCracken, R Menke, T E Nichols, C Nikolaidou, G Ogbole, B Rangelov, D P O’Regan, A Pakzad, I Propescu, A A Samat, Z B Sanders, T Treibel, E M Tunnicliffe, J Weir McCall, I Koychev, J Pearl, D Adeloye, D Baguley, G Breen, K Breeze, F Callard, N Huneke, P Kitterick, P Mansoori, H McAllister-Williams, K McIvor, L Milligan, E Mukaetova-Ladinska, A Nevado-Holgado, S Paddick, J Pimm, S Amoils, A Bularga, A N Sattar, C L Sudlow, C M Efstathiou, J L Heeney, S L Rowland-Jones, R S Thwaites, M J Rowland, E Hufton, J E Pearl, L C Saunders, S Bain, Man W D-C, E Baldry, M Beadsworth, M Harvie, J Sargent Pimm, L Sigfrid, J Whitney, S McAdoo, K McCafferty, M Willicombe, J Bunker, C Hastie, R Nathu, L Shenton, A Dell, N Hawkings, G Mallison, A Storrie, K Chong-James, W Y James, O Zongo, A Sanderson, S Drain, D McAulay, J McGinness, R Manley, W Saxon, V Whitehead, H El-Taweel, L Brear, K Regan, K Storton, A Bermperi, K Dempsey, A Elmer, J Worsley, L Knibbs, K Paradowski, C Evenden, T Thomas-Woods, J Bradley-Potts, N Keenan, H Wassall, H Weston, T Cosier, J Deery, T Hazelton, S Turney, S Pugmire, W Stoker, LA Aguilar Jimenez, S Betts, K Bisnauthsing, H Kerslake, MM Magtoto, LM Martinez, TS Solano, E Wynn, M Alvarez Corral, E Bevan, C Wrey Brown, T Burdett, N Easom, M G Crooks, D L Sykes, S Coetzee, J Phipps, R Wolf-Roberts, S Anifowose, E Calvelo, D Copeland, L Evison, T Fayzan, K March, M Mariveles, L McLeavey, S Moriera, U Munawar, J Nunag, U Nwanguma, L Orriss- Dib, J Schronce, L Tarusan, N Yasmin, A-M Guerdette, K Warwick, R Adrego, H Assefa-Kebede, P Dulawan, A Knighton, M Malim, S Patale, K Shevket, A Te, C Favager, J Rangeley, B Whittam, N Window, L Allerton, AM All, A Berridge, S L Dobson, K Hainey, V Highett, S Kaprowska, AL Key, S Koprowska, G Madzamba, F Malein, C Mears, L Melling, M J Noonan, L Poll, K A Tripp, B Vinson, L O Wajero, S A Williams-Howard, J Wyles, S N Diwanji, P Papineni, S Quaid, G F Tiongson, P Barran, J Blaikely, N Choudhury, Z Kausar, N Odell, R Osbourne, S Stockdale, P Hogarth, L Gilmour, R Hamil, K Leitch, L Macliver, B Welsh, S Clohisey, A Deans, J Furniss, C Deas, A R Solstice, C J Tee, S Waterson, T Light, M Chrystal, W Jang, S Linford, R Needham, A Nikolaidis, S Prosper, A Bloss, M Cassar, F Conneh, M Havinden-Williams, P Kurupati, C Megson, K Motohashi, G Ogg, E Pacpaco, J Propescu, E Tunnicliffe, D Cristiano, N Dormand, M Gummadi, D Matila, O Olaosebikan, L Garner, J Pack, K Paques, NDiar Bakerly, D Holgate, N Mairs, L McMorrow, J Oxton, J Pendlebury, C Summersgill, R Ugwuoke, W Matimba-Mupaya, S Strong-Sheldrake, J Bagshaw, K Birchall, H Carborn, L Chetham, Z Coburn, J Finnigan, H Foot, D Foote, L Haslam, L Hesselden, A Holbourn, B Holroyd- Hind, E Hurditch, F Ilyas, C Jarman, R Lenagh, A Lye, I Macharia, A Mbuyisa, S Megson, J Meiring, H Newell, L Nwafor, D Pattenadk, P Ravencroft, C Roddis, J Sidebottom, N Steele, R Stimpson, B Thamu, N Tinker, N Msimanga, M Mencias, T Samakomva, V Tavoukjian, C Goodwin, M Greatorex, W Lovegrove, TA Sewell, D Sissons, D Sowter, V Whitworth, L Warburton, T Wainwright, J Tilley, L Connor, M Coulding, S Kilroy, H Savill, J Vere, E Fraile, J Ugoji, H Lota, G Landers, M Nasseri, S Portukhay, J Ingham, M Chablani, N Ahwireng, B Bang, R Jastrub, M Merida Morillas, H Plant, N Ahmad Haider, R Baggott, A Botkai, J Dasgin, K Draxlbauer, T Hiwot, V Kamwa, K Mcgee, A Neal, A Newton Cox, J Nyaboko, Z Peterkin, Z Suleiman, S Walder, S Yasmin, K P Yip, M Aljaroof, M Bakau, M Bingham, A Charalambou, B Gootpu, K Hadley, P McCourt, A Prickett, I N Qureshi, T J C Ward, E Marouzet, T Sass, E Bright, A Reddington, L Barman, Z Guy, and D Ionita
- Subjects
Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background Pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cardiovascular risk factors have been associated with an increased risk of complications following hospitalisation with COVID-19, but their impact on the rate of recovery following discharge is not known.Objectives To determine whether the rate of patient-perceived recovery following hospitalisation with COVID-19 was affected by the presence of CVD or cardiovascular risk factors.Methods In a multicentre prospective cohort study, patients were recruited following discharge from the hospital with COVID-19 undertaking two comprehensive assessments at 5 months and 12 months. Patients were stratified by the presence of either CVD or cardiovascular risk factors prior to hospitalisation with COVID-19 and compared with controls with neither. Full recovery was determined by the response to a patient-perceived evaluation of full recovery from COVID-19 in the context of physical, physiological and cognitive determinants of health.Results From a total population of 2545 patients (38.8% women), 472 (18.5%) and 1355 (53.2%) had CVD or cardiovascular risk factors, respectively. Compared with controls (n=718), patients with CVD and cardiovascular risk factors were older and more likely to have had severe COVID-19. Full recovery was significantly lower at 12 months in patients with CVD (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.62, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.89) and cardiovascular risk factors (aOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.86).Conclusion Patients with CVD or cardiovascular risk factors had a delayed recovery at 12 months following hospitalisation with COVID-19. Targeted interventions to reduce the impact of COVID-19 in patients with cardiovascular disease remain an unmet need.Trail registration number ISRCTN10980107.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
242. True inclusion: evaluation protocol for an approach to increase meaningful participation of children with disability in athletics
- Author
-
Abby Haynes, Simone Pearce, Kate Kirby, Dominique Moritz, Kerry West, Suzy Green, Christine McCoombes, and Catherine Sherrington
- Subjects
children with disability ,athletics ,inclusion ,contest ,meaningful competition ,fairness ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Children with disability face many barriers to participating in community sports. Little Athletics Australia aims to increase fair and meaningful inclusion via a new structure which will enable all children to take part in the same contest by competing for their ‘personal best’ score. Named the True Inclusion Method (TIM), this new structure will be piloted in 13 sites across six states. Formative evaluation of this pilot will critique TIM and its implementation using observations of events, and interviews and surveys with child athletes with and without disability, their parents/carers and Little Athletics volunteers. Implementation outcomes are acceptability, appropriateness, adoption, feasibility and fidelity. Qualitative data will be analysed thematically. TIM is designed to encourage inclusive participation by children with disability in sporting events, and to improve the competitive experience for all children by celebrating personal achievement and fostering fun.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
243. Surveillance cystoscopy for atypical Schistosoma haematobium infection associated with recurrent UTIs
- Author
-
Case Keltner, Jacqueline Causbie, Robert Haynes, Jeremy Mandia, Hisham Imad, and Wasin Matsee
- Subjects
Urogenital schistosomiasis ,Returned travelers ,Military personnel ,Cystoscopy ,Schistosoma haematobium ,Travel-related infection ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
244. Health professionals’ involvement in volunteering their professional skills: a scoping review
- Author
-
Ima Strkljevic, Anne Tiedemann, Juliana Souza de Oliveira, Abby Haynes, and Cathie Sherrington
- Subjects
skilled volunteers ,professional volunteers ,volunteering ,health professionals ,health promotion ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
BackgroundVolunteering positively affects overall health of both volunteers and recipients through social interaction, support and physical activity. Health professionals’ volunteering has considerable potential to improve health outcomes in communities.ObjectivesThis study aimed to summarize published scientific literature regarding volunteering by health professionals.MethodMedine, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO and CINAHLdatabases were searched to identify eligible studies published between 2010 and 2023. Data on study methods and findings were extracted and synthesized.ResultsOf the 144 eligible studies, 80 (56%) used quantitative methods, 46 (32%) used qualitative, 18 (12%) used mixed methods and 8 (6%) were interventional. Doctors (74 studies, 51%) and nurses (n = 40, 28%) were the professions with most reports of volunteering. Half the studies were from USA (n = 77, 53%), followed by UK (n = 19, 13%), Canada (n = 12, 8%), and Australia/New Zealand (n = 11, 8%). International volunteering in low-to-middle-income countries was reported in 64 studies (44%). Providing service and training were the dominant types of activities (n = 90, 62.5%), with health promotion reported in only 4 studies (3%). Studies reported positive impact from volunteering, both professionally and personally. Time and family commitments were the main barriers. Enablers, barriers and impact were summarized in a socio-ecological map.ConclusionHealth professionals volunteer in diverse activities and report multifaceted benefits. Studies of volunteering interventions could enable new, sustainable approaches to health promotion.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
245. Differences in income, farm size and nutritional status between female and male farmers in a region of Haiti
- Author
-
Predner Duvivier, Robers Pierre Tescar, Cassandra Halliday, Madhuvanti M. Murphy, Cornelia Guell, Christina Howitt, Eden Augustus, Emily Haynes, and Nigel Unwin
- Subjects
small holder farmers ,gender ,inequalities ,nutrition ,body mass index ,income ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 - Abstract
IntroductionHaiti is the poorest country in the Americas and has the highest levels of gender inequality. It has high burdens of malnutrition and food insecurity. Our aim in this study was to investigate differences between female and male heads of farms in their farm's size and income and in their nutritional status.MethodsWe conducted a mixed-method study with a quantitative survey with 28 female and 80 male farmers and qualitative semi-structured interviews with seven women and 11 men, in nine rural communities, Plateau de Rochelois, Nippes, Haïti.ResultsWe found that significant inequalities existed between female and male heads of farms in this region of Haiti. Farm income was associated with farm size, with female farmers having on average smaller farms, and markedly lower farm incomes compared to male farmers, even after adjusting for the fact that their farms were smaller. Male farmers also had more access to seeds, financing and transportation to market. In addition, female farmers had markedly higher levels of overweight and obesity. In both male and female heads of farms around 1 in 20 were underweight.DiscussionThese findings complement those from other settings, showing that female farmers in low- and middle- income countries typically face severe challenges in accessing resources such as land, credit, and inputs, which can limit their productivity and income-generating potential. Gender sensitive interventions to promote farmer health, well-being and productivity are required.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
246. Unraveling the association between major depressive disorder and senescent biomarkers in immune cells of older adults: a single-cell phenotypic analysis
- Author
-
Erica C. Lorenzo, Jovany E. Figueroa, Derya A. Demirci, Ferris El-Tayyeb, Billy J. Huggins, Medha Illindala, Jenna M. Bartley, Laura Haynes, and Breno S. Diniz
- Subjects
senescence biomarkers ,inflammation ,aging ,immune cells ,major depressive disorder ,Geriatrics ,RC952-954.6 - Abstract
Background: Little is known about the prevalence of cellular senescence among immune cells (i.e., immune cells expressing senescence markers, iSCs) nor is there a gold-standard to efficiently measure iSCs. Major depressive disorder (MDD) in older adults has been associated with many hallmarks of senescence in whole blood, leukocytes, and plasma, supporting a strong connection between iSCs and MDD. Here, we investigated the prevalence and phenotype of iSCs in older adults with MDD. Using a single-cell phenotypic approach, circulating immune cells were examined for iSC biomarkers and their relationship to depression and inflammation.Results: PBMCs from older adults with MDD (aged 69.75 ± 5.23 years) and healthy controls (aged 71.25 ± 8.8 years) were examined for immune subset distribution and senescence biomarkers (i.e., lack of proliferation, senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF), and DNA damage). Dual-expression of SAHF and DNA damage was categorized by low, intermediate, and high expression. A significant increase in the number of high expressing total PBMCs (p = 0.01), monocytes (p = 0.008), a trending increase in the number of high expressing CD4 T cells (p = 0.06) was observed overall in those with MDD. There was also a significantly lower proportion of intermediate expressing cells in monocytes and CD4 T cells in MDD (p = 0.01 and p = 0.05, respectively). Correlation analysis revealed associations between iSCs and mRNA expression of factors related to SASP and immune cell function.Conclusion: MDD is associated with increased senescent cell biomarkers in immune cell populations delineated by distinct levels of SAHF and DNA damage. Inflammatory markers might serve as potent indicators of iSC burden in MDD.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
247. Otterly diverse - A high diversity of Dracunculus species (Spirurida: Dracunculoidea) in North American river otters (Lontra canadensis)
- Author
-
Michael J. Yabsley, Kayla B. Garrett, Alec T. Thompson, Erin K. Box, Madeline R. Giner, Ellen Haynes, Heather Barron, Renata M. Schneider, Sarah M. Coker, James C. Beasley, Ernest J. Borchert, Renn Tumlison, Allison Surf, Casey G. Dukes, Colleen Olfenbuttel, Justin D. Brown, Liandrie Swanepoel, and Christopher A. Cleveland
- Subjects
Guinea worm ,Mustelid ,North America ,Subcutaneous parasite ,Wildlife ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
The genus Dracunculus contains numerous species of subcutaneous parasites of mammals and reptiles. In North America, there are at least three mammal-infecting species of Dracunculus. Reports of Dracunculus infections have been reported from river otters (Lontra canadensis) since the early 1900s; however, little is known about the species infecting otters or their ecology. Most reports of Dracunculus do not have a definitive species identified because females, the most common sex found due to their larger size and location in the extremities of the host, lack distinguishing morphological characteristics, and few studies have used molecular methods to confirm identifications. Thus, outside of Ontario, Canada, where both D. insignis and D. lutrae have been confirmed in otters, the species of Dracunculus in river otters is unknown. In the current study, molecular characterization of nematodes from river otters revealed a high diversity of Dracunculus species. In addition to confirming D. insignis infections, two new clades were detected. One clade was a novel species in any host and the other was a clade previously detected in Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana) from the USA and a domestic dog from Spain. No infections with D. lutrae were detected and neither new lineage was genetically similar to D. jaguape, which was recently described from a neotropical otter (Lontra longicaudis) from Argentina. These data also indicate that Dracunculus spp. infections in otters are widespread throughout Eastern North America. Currently the life cycles for most of the Dracunculus spp. infecting otters are unknown. Studies on the diversity, life cycle, and natural history of Dracunculidae parasites in wildlife are important because the related parasite, D. medinensis (human Guinea worm) is the subject of an international eradication campaign and there are increasing reports of these parasites in new geographic locations and new hosts, including new species in humans and domestic dogs.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
248. Analyzing a Cost-Effectiveness Dataset: A Speech and Language Example for Clinicians.
- Author
-
Hoch, Jeffrey S, Haynes, Sarah C, Hearney, Shannon M, and Dewa, Carolyn S
- Subjects
Humans ,Speech ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,Health Services ,Clinical Research ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Cost Effectiveness Research ,Comparative Effectiveness Research ,8.2 Health and welfare economics ,Health and social care services research ,net benefit regression ,cost-effectiveness analysis ,economic evaluation ,health economics ,cost-benefit analysis ,Clinical Sciences ,Cognitive Sciences ,Speech-Language Pathology & Audiology - Abstract
Cost-effectiveness analysis, the most common type of economic evaluation, estimates a new option's additional outcome in relation to its extra costs. This is crucial to study within the clinical setting because funding for new treatments and interventions is often linked to whether there is evidence showing they are a good use of resources. This article describes how to analyze a cost-effectiveness dataset using the framework of a net benefit regression. The process of creating estimates and characterizing uncertainty is demonstrated using a hypothetical dataset. The results are explained and illustrated using graphs commonly employed in cost-effectiveness analyses. We conclude with a call to action for researchers to do more person-level cost-effectiveness analysis to produce evidence of the value of new treatments and interventions. Researchers can utilize cost-effectiveness analysis to compare new and existing treatment mechanisms.
- Published
- 2022
249. The living interface between synthetic biology and biomaterial design
- Author
-
Liu, Allen P, Appel, Eric A, Ashby, Paul D, Baker, Brendon M, Franco, Elisa, Gu, Luo, Haynes, Karmella, Joshi, Neel S, Kloxin, April M, Kouwer, Paul HJ, Mittal, Jeetain, Morsut, Leonardo, Noireaux, Vincent, Parekh, Sapun, Schulman, Rebecca, Tang, Sindy KY, Valentine, Megan T, Vega, Sebastián L, Weber, Wilfried, Stephanopoulos, Nicholas, and Chaudhuri, Ovijit
- Subjects
Engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biotechnology ,Bioengineering ,Underpinning research ,1.3 Chemical and physical sciences ,Generic health relevance ,Biocompatible Materials ,Polymers ,Synthetic Biology ,Nanoscience & Nanotechnology - Abstract
Recent far-reaching advances in synthetic biology have yielded exciting tools for the creation of new materials. Conversely, advances in the fundamental understanding of soft-condensed matter, polymers and biomaterials offer new avenues to extend the reach of synthetic biology. The broad and exciting range of possible applications have substantial implications to address grand challenges in health, biotechnology and sustainability. Despite the potentially transformative impact that lies at the interface of synthetic biology and biomaterials, the two fields have, so far, progressed mostly separately. This Perspective provides a review of recent key advances in these two fields, and a roadmap for collaboration at the interface between the two communities. We highlight the near-term applications of this interface to the development of hierarchically structured biomaterials, from bioinspired building blocks to 'living' materials that sense and respond based on the reciprocal interactions between materials and embedded cells.
- Published
- 2022
250. Expected value of the smallest denominator in a random interval of fixed radius
- Author
-
Chen, Huayang and Haynes, Alan
- Subjects
Mathematics - Number Theory ,Mathematics - Numerical Analysis ,11J83, 11B57 - Abstract
We compute the probability mass function of the random variable which returns the smallest denominator of a reduced fraction in a randomly chosen real interval of radius $\delta/2$. As an application, we prove that the expected value of the smallest denominator is asymptotic, as $\delta\rightarrow 0$, to $(16/\pi^2)\delta^{-1/2}.$, Comment: 9 pages, streamlined proof, radius $\delta$ from previous version replaced by $\delta/2$
- Published
- 2021
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.