Search

There are two types of crystals with respect to luminescence. In dc measurement, type A gives a primary emission at 410–430 nm (blue) with a second one at around 500 nm. Type B gives only dominant emission at 480–500 nm (green). This apparent difference can be interpreted as follows; the characteristic scintillation of PbWO4 is dominantly blue and subdominantly green. Intense phosphorescence with a decay constant of about 15 ms exists only in Type B at about 500 nm with one to two orders of magnitude larger intensity than scintillation, hiding the blue scintillation in its tail. The cause of the phosphorescence may be Mo.

We performed ESR measurements for polycrystalline samples of RuSr 2 GdCu 2 O 8 (Ru1212) and its analogous RuSr 2 (Gd 1.4 Ce 0.6 )Cu 2 O 10 (Ru1222). Resonance spectra indicate a ferromagnetic correlation between the Ru ions, which appears below T M =135 K (Ru1212) and 170 K (Ru1222). Our most interesting finding is that the signal can be clearly separated into two components only in Ru1212. A charge segregation of Ru 4+ and Ru 5+ in the RuO 2 layers in Ru1212 is an intriguing candidate, in contrast to an ionic valence of Ru 5+ in Ru1222.

Gd 3+ -EPR linewidth and d.c. magnetic susceptibility are measured in Gd 2−x Ce x CuO 4 compounds with x=0 and 0.15. A step-like rise in the linewidth occurs around the Cu-ordering temperature T N (Cu). The linewidths below and above T N (Cu) are analyzed by using the experimental susceptivility. The result shows that the Cu-ordering modifies the exchange field seen by Gd 3+ -spin.

Er 3+ -EPR measurements are carried out on the Er-doped YBa 2 Cu 3 O y . The Er 3+ -EPR linewidth consists of the sum of residual linewidth and linewidths corresponding to the Korringa and the Orbach processes. The electronic and magnetic properties of CuO 2 plane are discussed based on the analysis of these linewidths.

Ca-substitution in GdBa 2 Cu 3 O 6+σ and their effect on T c are investigatd by the resistivity and Gd 3+ -EPR measurements. In the region 0.25 0.8 Ca 0.2 Ba 2 Cu 3 O 6+σ compounds are in the tetragonal phase and have a 20 K-plateau in T c . The plateau is discussed based on the carrier number and the crystalline structure.

We investigated the role of carrier electrons on ferromagnetism in a half-metallic double perovskite Ba2FeMoO6 by means of a partial substitution of Na+ for Ba2+. Single-phase samples of Ba2−xNaxFeMoO6 are synthesized up to x=0.6. The nonmetallic upturn in resistivity appears with the Na substitution, suggesting a reduction of the carrier doping level. Because of the observed decrease of both magnetoresistance and Curie temperature with x, the Na substitution negatively works for applicative performance. We will show, however, that the observed decrease of the saturation moment with x is of importance to advance understanding for the stabilization of ferromagnetism.

Aim: Keloid lesions develope as a result of abnormal growth of dermal fibroblasts after the injury. On the other hand, cell division cycle (Cdc) 25 is a family of phosphatases that activate the cell cycle regulating cyclin-dependent kinases. The three members of this family, Cdc25A, Cdc25B, and Cdc25C act in different phases of the cell cycle. In this study, we examined the dgree of expression of these phosphatases in keloid fibroblasts. Methods: Primary cultures of keloid and adjacent normal dermal fibroblasts (n = 4) as well as frozen and paraffin-embedded keloid and normal dermal tissues (n = 12 and n = 17 respectively) were examined by Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses for the expressions of Cdc25A, Cdc25B, Cdc25C and phosphorylated Cdk2. Results: Cdc25A protein levels were frequently increased in keloid fibroblasts as compared to the adjacent normal-appearing fibroblasts or different normal dermal fibroblasts. In contrast, Cdc25B and Cdc25C were none or rarely expressed. The incrased levels of Cdc25A were associated with lower levels of its substrate, Cdk2, in a phosphorylated or inactive form. Conclusions: Taken together, our data show that Cdc25A protein levels increase in keloid fibroblasts and this increase may be sufficient to activate its substrate, Cdk2, and accelerate the cell cycling. These results may have implication for the development of strategies to silence Cdc25A activity after the wound healing as a therapeutic modality for the keloid lesions.

Aim: When surgery with postoperative superficial electron irradiation is applied, the recurrence rate of keloid lesion has been found to be

Superconductivity and magnetic interaction between Gd and CuO planes in T, T′ and T′ phases of (La 1−x Gd x ) 1.83 Sr 0.18 CuO 4−z are investigated through measurements of ESR and electrical resistivity. T c decreases linearly with increasing Gd in T phase below x =0.1. Two signals were observed in Gd 3+ -ESR spectra; one (named P A ) is dominant in T-phase, having resonace field H r =1.9 kOe, and the other (named P B ) with H r =3.2 kOe is dominant in T′ and T′ phases. It is revealed that the signal P A arises from a Gd site with an apical oxygen ion and signal P B comes from Gd site with no apical oxygen. Therefore, destruction of superconductivity in T phase must be attributable to some magnetic interaction between Gd ions and Cu plane via apical oxygen ions.

Gd 3+ EPR experiments were carried out in GdBa 3 (Cu 0 , x M x ) 3 O 7 (M=Fe, Ni, Zn) compounds in order to study GdGd and GdM interactions. The EPR linewidth for the compounds with M=Fe increases due to the slowing down of Gd spin fluctuations with decreasing temperature. On the other hand, for the compounds with M=Ni and Zn, the increase of the linewidth is remarkably depressed in contrast to that for Fe-compound. This fact indicates that GdGd interactions are considerably disturbed by the doped Ni and Zn ions which preferentially occupy the Cu(2) sites.

The formation of a surface waveguide on LiNbO3 crystals at about 1000°C was examined by systematic experimentation with respect to the content of H2O vapor in the heating atmosphere and OH- ions contained in the crystals before heating. The thermal diffusion of OH- ions led to the formation of inhomogeneous layers which had a refractive-index fluctuation around n S. We concluded that the main cause of the surface waveguide formation was OH- ions. The formation of a surface waveguide and its prevention by H2O vapor are concluded to be regarded as the same mechanism.

Occurrence of the lithium outdiffusion phenomenon during thermal treatment in dry O2 is prevented by use of dehydrated LiNbO3 crystal. Microscopic and spectroscopic observations, as well as refractive index measurement showing a many advantages of this method are reported.

The dependence of ionization signals of Xe and Kr atoms on the laser intensity has been studied using an ArF excimer laser. For both atoms, we observe a slope of 2 in the log-log plot of the ionization signal versus laser intensity, and saturation of ionization at laser pulse energies higher than about 100 mJ (1.7×1010 W/cm2). The ionization of Kr can be interpreted as a 2-photon-resonant, 3-photon (2+1) ionization.

Differential cross sections and analyzing powers have been measured for (p, d) reactions on 1p, 2s, 1d, 2p, 1g and 2d shell nuclei with 65 MeV polarized protons. The analyzing powers clearly show a j -dependence which depends on the numbers of nodes in the radial wave function of the neutron. The shapes of the angular distributions of the analyzing powers can be classified into five types for simple neutron pickup reactions from the 1p−2d shells. The pickup from the 1 p 1 2 shell is singular.The DWBA calculations have been carried out on these (p, d) reactions in order to interpret the j -dependence. Adiabatic deuteron optical potentials can describe the data better than those derived from the deuteron elastic scattering except for the pickup from the 1 p 1 2 shell. The analyzing powers for the 1 p 1 2 shell neutron pickup can be reproduced only when large values of the radius and diffuseness parameters are used in the bound-state potential.

Superconductivity and magnetic properties of YBa 2 (Cu 1- x Fe x ) 3 O 7- y with x =0-0.1 are investigated by the measurements of static magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistance, weight change and lattice parameters. Substitution of Fe atoms for Cu atoms causes orthorhombic to tetragonal phase transition at about x =0.035 and depresses critical temperature T c from 95 K to 32 K at x =0.1. The effective magnetic moment per Fe, about 5.5 µ B below x =0.01 decreases to 3.6 µ B at x =0.1. The removal of oxygen atoms in the specimens of superconducting tetragonal phase with x =0.04 by quenching brings about remarkable expansion of c -axis and decreases T c from 74 K to below 4.2 K. The effective moment per Fe was found to decrease from 4.4 µ B to 3.3 µ B with increase of oxygen deficiency due to quenching. Causes of reduced iron effective moments due to increase of iron concentration and oxygen deficiency are discussed in consideration of superexchange interaction between Fe and Cu spins.

粘性に乏しい細胞診材料では, 従来の湿アルコール固定後に免疫染色を行う過程で, 頻回の洗浄によりスライドグラスから多くの細胞が剥離脱落するおそれがある. そこで, われわれは細胞の剥離を防ぐ固定方法を見出すべく, 系代剖養されたCEA産生のヒト結腸癌細胞株C-1浮遊液を用いて, 種々の固定を施行後にCEAの免疫染色を試みた結果, 塗沫後ただちにドライヤー (冷風) 乾燥させ, 4%パラホルムァルデヒド (PF) で固定する方法が細胞脱落が少なく胞体のCEAも良好に染色される成績が得られた. この固定方法で手術標本 (43例) に対してCEA染色を行い, 同一例の組織標本でのCEA染色成績と比較した. 腺癌標本27例中17例が組織でCEAが陽性で, このうち12例 (71%) が細胞標本でCEA陽性であった. 一方, 同時に施行された湿アルコール固定細胞標本では9例 (53%) が陽性であった.免疫染色を行う細胞標本の性状 (粘性の有無) によっては, 従来の湿アルコール固定に加えて風乾PF固定も用い, 細胞の同定に役立てたい.

Measurements of angular distributions of the cross sections and analyzing powers for the elastic and inelastic scatterings of 65 MeV polarized protons from $^{12}\mathrm{C}$, $^{24}\mathrm{Mg}$, $^{28}\mathrm{Si}$, and $^{32}\mathrm{S}$ are reported. Coupled channels analyses of the scattering data are presented assuming the ${0}_{1}^{+}$, ${2}_{1}^{+}$, and ${4}_{1}^{+}$ states to be members of the ground band, the ${0}_{2}^{+}$ state to begin the\ensuremath{\beta} band, and the ${3}_{1}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ state to begin the ${K}^{\ensuremath{\pi}}$${=3}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ band in $^{12}\mathrm{C}$; the ${0}_{1}^{+}$, ${2}_{1}^{+}$, and ${4}_{1}^{+}$ states to comprise the ground band, the ${2}_{2}^{+}$, ${3}_{1}^{+}$, and ${4}_{2}^{+}$ states to comprise the \ensuremath{\gamma} band, the ${3}_{1}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ state to begin the ${K}^{\ensuremath{\pi}}$${=3}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ band, and the ${1}_{1}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ and ${3}_{2}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$states to comprise the ${k}^{\ensuremath{\pi}}$${=0}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ band in $^{24}\mathrm{Mg}$; and the ${0}_{1}^{+}$, ${2}_{1}^{+}$, and ${4}_{1}^{+}$ states to comprise the ground band, the ${0}_{2}^{+}$ state to begin the \ensuremath{\beta} band, the ${3}_{1}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$, ${4}_{1}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$, ${5}_{1}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$, and ${6}_{1}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ states to comprise the ${k}^{\ensuremath{\pi}}$${=3}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ band, and the ${1}_{1}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$and ${3}_{1}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ states to comprise the ${K}^{\ensuremath{\pi}}$${=0}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ band in $^{28}\mathrm{Si}$. The fit of the analyzing power of the \ensuremath{\beta} band ${0}_{2}^{+}$ level is improved by mixing the breathing mode of oscillation into the \ensuremath{\beta} vibration. Coupled channels analyses of the experimental angular distributions are presented for the levels in $^{32}\mathrm{S}$ in which the ${0}_{1}^{+}$, ${2}_{1}^{+}$, and ${4}_{1}^{+}$ states were assumed to belong to the ground band, the ${0}_{2}^{+}$ and ${2}_{3}^{+}$ states to the \ensuremath{\beta} band, the ${2}_{2}^{+}$, ${3}_{1}^{+}$,and ${4}_{2}^{+}$ states to the \ensuremath{\gamma} band, the ${3}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ state to the ${3}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ band, and the ${1}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ state to the ${0}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ band. These states were treated assuming a symmetric rotator model. The coupled channels calculations in terms of a vibrational model were also performed for $^{32}\mathrm{S}$. Multipole moments obtained from present data are compared to the moments deduced from hadron scattering and electromagnetic measurements. Transition strengths deduced from the (p,p') scattering are compared with gamma-ray decay widths for ${2}^{+}$ states in the ground bands.

The vector and tensor analyzing powers of the continuum energy spectra following $^{3}\mathrm{Nb}$($\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{d}$,${d}^{\ensuremath{'}}X$) and $^{93}\mathrm{Nb}$($\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{d}$,$\mathrm{pX}$) reactions were measured for the first time at ${E}_{d}=56$ MeV. The vector analyzing powers obtained are surprisingly large and positive in the backward hemisphere. Nonvanishing tensor analyzing powers were observed up to an excitation energy of about 40 MeV. Simple distorted-wave Born-approximation calculations were made to compare the observed vector and tensor analyzing powers.

On single crystal Zn 2 Y , the experimental linewidth induced by surface imperfections is compared with the theoretical one. The theoretical calculation is made in consideration of dipole and quadrupole demagnetizations of the imperfections and with the use of the effective exchange constants D ⊥ =0.15×10 -9 Oe cm 2 and D // =9.3×10 -9 Oe cm 2 within and between the crystallographic c planes. The experimental linewidth agrees well with this calculation rather than the other two results calculated by Sparks-Loudon-Kittel and Seiden-Sparks methods. The ratio of the quadrupole contribution to the dipole increases with decrease of polishing grit size. The extended calculation for the higher order multipoles than the quadrupole achieves the more precise approach of the calculated linewidth to the experimental one.

Analyzing powers of the continuum spectra were measured for 65 MeV protons from 12C, 28Si, 45Sc, 58Ni, 93Nb, 165Ho, 166Er, 209 Bi ( p , p# prime; X ) and ( p , dX) reactions and from 93Nb, 209Bi( p , αX) reactions. The analyzing powers of the continuum spectra were found to be small at forward angles where the pre-equilibrium process is important. However they do not show a systematic tendency. This feature indicates the importance of the spin-dependent interaction as well as nuclear structure effects. On the other hand, the analyzing powers were very large and positive at backward angles where the shape of the energy spectra resembles that of an evaporation spectrum. The maximum values of the analyzing power in the backward hemisphere depend on the target mass for the A 93 Nb ( p , p ′ X ) , ( p , dX), ( p , αX) reactions at EX = 20 MeV, respectively. These large values are mainly due to the entrance channel effect. There is no appreciable even-odd mass effect on the analyzing power for medium-mass nuclei. These features were unexpected from the conventional pre-equilibrium reaction models.

The angular distributions of the analyzing power have been measured at 65 MeV in the p-p and p-n quasi-free-scattering (QFS) regions of the 2H( p , 2p)n and 2H( p , pn)p reactions, respectively, under kinematically complete conditions. The data are compared with the plane-wave-impulse-approximation calculations and the first-order calculations of the AGS equations. The results indicate that polarization effects of a “spectator” nucleon in p-p QFS are quite different from p-n QFS. The off-shell effects of the “spectator” nucleon on the analyzing power are discussed.

The differential cross section and the vector and tensor analyzing powers A y , A xx , A yy and A xz were measured for the d- 4 He elastic scattering at 56 MeV. The measurement of A xz was performed using a deuteron beam polarized in the horizontal plane. An optical-model analysis of the experimental data was carried out. The magnitude of the tensor analyzing powers could not be reproduced without the tensor potential. By including the T R type tensor potential, the optical-model calculations give a reasonable reproduction of the experimental data at θ c.m. T R tensor potential was much stronger than that predicted by the folding model. The strength of the real T R potential was roughly in accordance with that obtained from the optical-model analysis of d- 4 He elastic scattering at 20.2 MeV.

Polarized protons and deuterons with their spin alignment axis in the horizontal plane were successfully accelerated by the RCNP cyclotron. The acceleration of the pulsed ion beam enabled us to distinguish the turn numbers of the extracted ions and to determine the spin precession angle for each turn. This technique, the Polarization Tagging Method, can be used in order to measure the rotation parameters for protons and the tensor analyzing powers for deuterons. The tensor analyzing power Axz was measured for the elastic scattering of the polarized deuterons from 1H at 56 MeV.

Differential cross sections and vector analyzing powers for the deuteron elastic and inelastic scattering from $^{24}\mathrm{Mg}$ and $^{28}\mathrm{Si}$ have been measured at 56 MeV. The coupled-channels analysis has been performed to obtain the simultaneous fits to the elastic- and inelastic-scattering data. The dependence of the coupled-channels calculations on the shape of nuclei has been investigated in comparison with the proton inelastic scattering.

副腎皮質癌はまれな腫瘍で, 全腫瘍中0.17%を占めるにすぎない. また本腫瘍は内分泌活性型と非活性型があり, 前者は分泌されるホルモンによりいろいろな臨床症状を呈するが, 後者は腹部腫瘤のみで他は不定愁訴の場合が多い. 今回われわれは両側下肢の浮腫のみを主訴とし, 画像診断で後腹膜腫瘍が疑われた38歳男性の内分泌非活性型副腎皮質癌の1剖検例を経験したので, その捺印細胞所見を中心に若干の文献的考察を加えて報告する. 捺印標本上の腫瘍細胞はルーズな結合性を有し, その形態は不整形で細胞および核ともに大小不同が強く, クロマチンはやや増加し穎粒状不均等分布していた. ほとんどの腫瘍細胞は核膜と細胞膜が一部で接し, 核の偏在傾向がみられた. また核分裂像や腫瘍細胞の壊死なども散見された. 組織所見では小血管から放射状に索状配列を示し, 副腎皮質類似細胞からbizarreな細胞までの多様性がみられた. 免疫組織化学的にはVimentinが胞体内に陽性を示した. 電顕所見ではsteroid合成細胞の特徴である豊富な細長い管状の滑面小胞体, 絨毛状クリステをもつミトコンドリアが観察され副腎皮質細胞として矛盾しないと思われた.

The elastic scattering of 56 MeV polarized deuterons over a wide mass region has been investigated. The target nuclei were 16 O, 24 Mg, 28 Si, 32 S, 40 Ar, 40, 44 Ca, 54 Fe, 58, 60, 64 Ni, 90 Zr, 118 Sn and 208 Pb. Angular distributions of the cross section and vector analyzing power A y have been measured for all target nuclei. The tensor analyzing power A yy has also been studied, except for 24 Mg and 28 Si. The optical-model parameters were derived from an analysis including no tensor potentials. Volume integrals for the real and imaginary parts of the central potential and the spin-orbit interaction were calculated and compared with the folding-model predictions. The effect of a complex T R potential was studied. It was found that the real part of the T R potential tends to be zero for all the nuclei studied and the inclusion of the imaginary part improves the fit to the tensor analyzing power.

Superconductivity and magnetic properties are investigated in YBa 2 (Cu 1−x Fe x ) 3 O y with x =0−0.19 and y =6−7 through DC magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistivity. With increase of Fe contents and oxygen deficiency, T c decreases and, furthermore, their normal-state conductivity also decreases markedly, of which temperature dependence is approximated by In T , suggesting a weakly localized state in two dimensional systems. The susceptibility of all samples obeys the modified Curie-Weiss law. The effective Bohr magneton number P eff per Fe calculated from Curie constants decreases from 5.5 to 3.1 with an increase of Fe concentration up to x =0.19. Oxygen deficiency depresses these P eff to a minimum value of about 1.5 but more deficiency such as y =6 raises them up to about 3.0. These results indicate that Cu spins are weakly frozen around Fe atoms through weak localization due to Fe impurity and oxygen deficiency, and that their moments antiferromagnetically couple with the Fe moment locally without long range magnetic order.

Analyzing powers and differential cross sections for p - d elastic scattering have been measured at 64.8 MeV. The angular distributions cover center-of-mass angles between 8° and 169°. The relative uncertainties of the analyzing power measurement are typically ± 0.005 at c.m. angles less than 80° and are in general ± 0.015 at the remaining angles. The absolute scale of the analyzing power measurement has an uncertainty of ± 0.013. The data are compared with three-body calculations based on the Faddeev theory. In contrast with the differential cross sections, the analyzing powers could not be reproduced without the D-wave nucleon-nucleon interactions.

This paper presents a highly parallel machine architecture for logic programs. We propose a Reduction-Based Parallel Inference Machine: PIM-R and describe the parallel execution mechanisms for PIM-R to run Prolog and Concurrent Prolog programs and sofware simulation results.

Angular distributions of the analyzing power and the cross section for p- 4 He elastic scattering have been measured at E = 45.0, 52.3, 59.6 and 64.9 MeV. The data were taken between 15° and 160° lab, though the measurements were extended to 5.5° in order to investigate the Coulombnuclear interference at 52.3 and 64.9 MeV. The relative uncertainties of the analyzing power measurements are typically ± 0.01. The analyzing power measurements provide an accurate proton polarization analyzer up to 65 MeV. The analyzing power near θ c.m. = 140° exceeds 90 % at all energies and shows very little energy dependence. But at angles smaller than 120°, the angular distribution of the analyzing power changes in shape and magnitude with energy.

Absolute values of the polarization in p-12C elastic scattering have been measured at 60.0 and 64.5 MeV at 47.5° in the laboratory system using a double scattering method and a method to measure an asymmetry with a polarized beam. The results are P(60.0 MeV, 47.5°) = 0.965 ± 0.011 and P(64.5 MeV, 47.5°) = 0.975 ± 0.11. Based on these values, the polarization measurements have been extended to the energy range from 40–75 MeV at several angles round 47.5° using the polarized proton beam and the energy degrader. Differential cross sections and polarizations from 15–115° are also presented at 65 MeV. These data will be valuable for the monitoring of beam polarization in this energy region.

Analyzing powers of the continuum energy spectra from the reactions $^{28}\mathrm{Si}$, $^{58}\mathrm{Ni}$, $^{209}\mathrm{Bi}$(${p}_{\mathrm{pol}}, {p}^{\ensuremath{'}}X$) and (${p}_{\mathrm{pol}}, \mathrm{dX}$) at 65 MeV have been measured. The analyzing powers of the continuum spectra were found to be small at forward angles and to be very large and positive at backward angles. These features indicate the importance of the spin-dependent interaction in the understanding of the continuum spectra.

The differential cross section and all components of the analyzing powers A y , A xx , A yy and A xz have been measured in dp elastic scattering at 56 MeV. This is the first measurement of A xz in the cyclotron energy region. A xz has been measured with the beam polarized in the horizontal plane using the polarization tagging method. Faddeev calculations have been performed for four cases of the NN interaction. The Coulomb correction gave smaller effects at the present energy than at lower energies. Three of them reproduce the experimental data well. The agreement between the calculations and data for A xz was better than that reported at lower energy. The deuteron asymptotic D- to S-state ratio has been obtained and is consistent within the limits of uncertainty with previously obtained values.

Study attempts to show that our machine architecture based on the data flow model is suitable for two types of logic programming languages with different aims: one is Parallel Prolog and the other is Concurrent Prolog. The data flow model can naturally implement parallel computation, and it has close similarity to these languages. Unification and nondeterministic control, two basic functions of these languages, are represented by data flow graphs and interpreted by the machine. Several representations of variables, that facilitate the development of parallel unification and nondeterministic control mechanisms for these languages, the unification and control primitives needed to execute these languages on this architecture are presented.

The three-magnon linewidth in the ferromagnetic resonance absorption experiment of Zn 2 Y (Ba 2 Zn 2 Fe 12 O 22 ), which arises from destruction of a k =0 magnon with the simultaneous creation of two magnons having half the uniform mode frequency and having equal and opposite wavenumber vectors, is measured separately from the other linewidths. The theoretical three-magnon linewidth is calculated by the transition probability method for the anisotropy energy and demagnetizing energy. The complete agreement between the experimental three-magnon linewidth and the theoretical one is achieved when the effective exchange constants are D ⊥ =0.13×10 -9 Oe cm 2 and D || =6.8×10 -9 Oe cm 2 within and between the crystallographic c planes.

The molecular mechanism(s) behind keloid pathogenesis remains unclear. Previously by global gene expression analysis of keloid fibroblasts (KFs), we implicated the IL-6 signaling pathway in keloid pathogenesis. Here, we determine a functional role of IL-6 signaling in keloid scars. Primary cultures of KFs and surrounding nonlesional fibroblasts (NFs) were subjected to induction or inhibition of IL-6 or its specific receptor IL-6 receptor alpha (IL-6R alpha) and detection of their effects on extracellular matrix gene expression. The levels of gp130 and several downstream targets in IL-6 signaling were also examined. IL-6 secretion was significantly higher in KFs than NFs. Addition of IL-6 peptide to NFs culture or inhibition of IL-6 or its receptor IL-6R alpha by their corresponding antibodies in KFs culture revealed a dose-dependent increase or decrease in collagen type I alpha 2 and fibronectin 1 mRNAs, respectively. Induction of IL-6 by IL-1beta peptide and stimulation by IL-6 peptide in NFs, or inhibition of IL-6 or IL-6R alpha in KFs cultures demonstrated a dose-dependent increase or decrease in procollagen I synthesis, respectively. The mRNA and protein expressions of gp130 and several downstream targets in IL-6 signaling (JAK1, STAT3, RAF1, and ELK1) were upregulated in KFs versus NFs. Our results indicate that IL-6 signaling may play an integral role in keloid pathogenesis and provide clues for development of IL-6 receptor blocking strategies for therapy or prophylaxis of keloid scars.

The π + π − photoproductions on the proton and deuteron have been studied in a photon energy range of 0.8–1.1 GeV at the Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Tohoku University. Charged pions and protons were detected using Neutral Kaon Spectrometer. We obtained the cross sections for the p ( γ , p π + π − ) and d ( γ , p π + π − ) n . The quasi-free process with a neutron spectator was extracted by the neutron momentum cut of p n > 0.3 GeV / c . The cross section for the Δ + + Δ − production was deduced in the non-quasi-free process of the γ d → p n π + π − . It was 13.4 ± 0.4 μb at E γ = 0.82 GeV .

Keloid is a dermal fibroproliferative lesion of unknown etiology that commonly recurs after surgical excision. Post-operative adjuvant electron beam (EB) irradiation has been successfully used to reduce keloid recurrences. To provide new insights into the molecular mechanism behind the effect of EB irradiation, we used a cDNA microarray screening of more than 5000 genes to assess early changes in gene expression between EB-irradiated and non-irradiated keloid and non-lesional dermal fibroblasts. Primary fibroblast cultures from keloid and associated non-lesional dermis obtained from five patients were exposed to 15 Gy EB irradiation and analyzed after 15 min incubation. Early response to EB irradiation showed that 96 (1.8%) genes were modulated 2-fold or more in keloid fibroblasts. Upregulated genes accounted for 29.2% (28 genes), whereas downregulated genes comprised 70.8% (68 genes), indicating a silencing of many genes in keloid fibroblasts after EB irradiation. Many of the downregulated genes play roles in the enhancement of cell proliferation and extracellular matrix production, whereas several of the upregulated genes involves in the promotion of apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Using emerging bioinformatic tools and further corroboration, the interleukin 6 (IL-6) signaling pathway was found to be mainly involved in EB irradiation response. We also showed co-expression of IL-6 and its specific receptor (IL-6Ralpha) in keloid fibroblasts that points to the existence of an IL-6 autocrine loop in these cells. These results suggested that at the molecular level, EB irradiation might hinder keloid formation by regularizing disturbances in the homeostatic equilibrium between inducer and inhibitor activities in the matrix system most likely through the IL-6 pathway. Our study provides clues for the molecular mechanism(s) behind the beneficial effect of EB irradiation in reducing keloid recurrences and may help develop alternative strategies for the therapy and prophylaxis of this lesion.

A hardware simulator of PIM-R (Reduction-Based Parallel Inference Machine) has been developed. Eight MC68000 single board computers and shared storage operate as the inference modules and the network, respectively. In order to realize high simulation rate, an event-driven method is introduced. ”Queens” program and ”Quicksort” program were executed on the simulator. The results show that a PIM-R architecture can effectivity utilize the parallelism in Prolog/Concurrent Prolog programs.