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(Z)-1,4-Diethynyl-1,4-dimethoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene has been used as a building block for the synthesis of two novel macrocycles containing buta-1,3-diyne units as bridges. The tetrayne derivative 5c has been structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray crystallographic data. ? Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003.

OBJECTIVES—The pathophysiology of dysarthria can preferentially be studied in patients with the rare lacunar stroke syndrome of "isolated dysarthria". METHODS— A single study was carried out on seven consecutive patients with sudden onset of isolated dysarthria due to single ischaemic lesion. The localisation of the lesion was identified using MRI. The corticolingual, cortico-orofacial, and corticospinal tract functions were investigated using transcranial magnetic stimulation. Corticopontocerebellar tract function was assessed using 99mTc hexamethylpropylene amine oxime-single photon emission computerised tomography (HMPAO-SPECT) in six patients. Sensory functions were evaluated clinically and by somatosensory evoked potentials. RESULTS—Brain MRI showed the lesions to be located in the corona radiata (n=4) and the internal capsule (n=2). No morphological lesion was identified in one patient. Corticolingual tract function was impaired in all patients. In four patients with additional cortico-orofacial tract dysfunction, dysarthria did not differ from that in patients with isolated corticolingual tract dysfunction. Corticospinal tract functions were normal in all patients. HMPAO-SPECT showed no cerebellar diaschisis, suggesting unimpaired corticopontocerebellar tract function. Sensory functions were not affected. CONCLUSION—Interruption of the corticolingual pathways to the tongue is crucial in the pathogenesis of isolated dysarthria after extracerebellar lacunar stroke.

Thiele condensation of the [2.2]paracyclophane derivatives 8, 12, 22, and 23 with cyclopentadiene (9) led to the monofulvenes 10, 11, and 13 and the bis(fulvenes) 24 and 25. Likewise, condensations of 8 with 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorocyclopentadiene (14) and 1,2,3,4-tetraphenylcyclopentadiene (16) provided the 4-fulvenyl[2.2]paracyclophanes 15 and 17. For comparison purposes, 8 was also condensed with lithium fluorenide (18) and lithium indenide (20) to give the benzo-annelated derivatives 19 and 21, respectively. Reactions of the dialdehydes 22 and 23 led to the bis(indenes) 26 and 27. 4-(6-Fulvenyl)[2.2]paracyclophane exists as two conformational isomers, 10 (major product) and 11 (minor product). By temperature-dependent NMR spectroscopy, the rotational barrier associated with 11 ? 10 interconversion has been determined as ca. 26 kcal mol-1 at 70 �C. The structures of 19 and 27 have been established by single-crystal X-ray crystallography.

This report describes and discusses the history, clinical, pathologic, epidemiologic, and human health aspects of an outbreak of Mycobacterium bovis infection in domestic wapiti in Alberta between 1990 and 1993, shortly after legislative changes allowing game farming. The extent and seriousness of the outbreak of M. bovis in wapiti in Alberta was not fully known at its onset. The clinical findings in the first recognized infected wapiti are presented and the postmortem records for the herd in which the animal resided are summarized. Epidemiologic findings from the subsequent field investigation are reviewed, the results of recognition and investigation of human exposure are updated, and recommendations for reduction of human exposure are presented.