2,469 results on '"Guillet, P"'
Search Results
202. Highlight selection of radiochemistry and radiopharmacy developments by editorial board
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Bernardes, Emerson, Caravan, Peter, van Dam, R. Michael, Deuther-Conrad, Winnie, Ellis, Beverley, Furumoto, Shozo, Guillet, Benjamin, Huang, Ya-Yao, Jia, Hongmei, Laverman, Peter, Li, Zijing, Liu, Zhaofei, Lodi, Filippo, Miao, Yubin, Perk, Lars, Schirrmacher, Ralf, Vercoullie, Johnny, Yang, Hua, Yang, Min, Yang, Xing, Zhang, Junbo, Zhang, Ming-Rong, and Zhu, Hua
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- 2022
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203. Vitamin D status modulates mitochondrial oxidative capacities in skeletal muscle: role in sarcopenia
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Salles, Jérôme, Chanet, Audrey, Guillet, Christelle, Vaes, Anouk MM., Brouwer-Brolsma, Elske M., Rocher, Christophe, Giraudet, Christophe, Patrac, Véronique, Meugnier, Emmanuelle, Montaurier, Christophe, Denis, Philippe, Le Bacquer, Olivier, Blot, Adeline, Jourdan, Marion, Luiking, Yvette, Furber, Matthew, Van Dijk, Miriam, Tardif, Nicolas, Yves Boirie, Y., and Walrand, Stéphane
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- 2022
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204. Selective ligand removal to improve accessibility of active sites in hierarchical MOFs for heterogeneous photocatalysis
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Naghdi, Shaghayegh, Cherevan, Alexey, Giesriegl, Ariane, Guillet-Nicolas, Rémy, Biswas, Santu, Gupta, Tushar, Wang, Jia, Haunold, Thomas, Bayer, Bernhard Christian, Rupprechter, Günther, Toroker, Maytal Caspary, Kleitz, Freddy, and Eder, Dominik
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- 2022
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205. A regionally resolved inventory of High Mountain Asia surge-type glaciers, derived from a multi-factor remote sensing approach
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G. Guillet, O. King, M. Lv, S. Ghuffar, D. Benn, D. Quincey, and T. Bolch
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Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Geology ,QE1-996.5 - Abstract
Knowledge about the occurrence and characteristics of surge-type glaciers is crucial due to the impact of surging on glacier melt and glacier-related hazards. One of the super-clusters of surge-type glaciers is High Mountain Asia (HMA). However, no consistent region-wide inventory of surge-type glaciers in HMA exists. We present a regionally resolved inventory of surge-type glaciers based on their behaviour across High Mountain Asia between 2000 and 2018. We identify surge-type behaviour from surface velocity, elevation and feature change patterns using a multi-factor remote sensing approach that combines yearly ITS_LIVE velocity data, DEM differences and very-high-resolution imagery (Bing Maps, Google Earth). Out of the ≈95 000 glaciers in HMA, we identified 666 that show diagnostic surge-type glacier behaviour between 2000 and 2018, which are mainly found in the Karakoram (223) and the Pamir regions (223). The total area covered by the 666 surge-type glaciers represents 19.5 % of the glacierized area in Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI) V6.0 polygons in HMA. Only 68 glaciers were already identified as “surge type” in the RGI V6.0. We further validate 107 glaciers previously labelled as “probably surge type” and newly identify 491 glaciers, not previously reported in other inventories covering HMA. We finally discuss the possibility of self-organized criticality in glacier surges. Across all regions of HMA, the surge-affected area within glacier complexes displays a significant power law dependency with glacier length.
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- 2022
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206. Surging bloodstream infections and antimicrobial resistance during the first wave of COVID–19: a study in a large multihospital institution in the Paris region
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Rishma Amarsy, David Trystram, Emmanuelle Cambau, Catherine Monteil, Sandra Fournier, Juliette Oliary, Helga Junot, Pierre Sabatier, Raphaël Porcher, Jérôme Robert, Vincent Jarlier, Guillaume Arlet, Laurence Armand Lefevre, Alexandra Aubry, Laurent Belec, Béatrice Bercot, Stéphane Bonacorsi, Vincent Calvez, Etienne Carbonnelle, Stéphane Chevaliez, Jean-Winoc Decousser, Constance Delaugerre, Diane Descamps, Florence Doucet-Populaire, Jean-Louis Gaillard, Antoine Garbarg- Chenon, Elyanne Gault, Jean-Louis Herrmann, Jérôme Le Goff, Jean-Christophe Lucet, Jean-Luc Mainardi, Anne-Geneviève Marcellin, Laurence Morand-Joubert, Xavier Nassif, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky, Anne-Marie Roque Afonso, Martin Rottman, Christine Rouzioux, Flore Rozenberg, François Simon, Nicolas Veziris, David Skurnik, Jean-Ralph Zahar, Guilene Barnaud, Typhaine Billard Pomares, Gaëlle Cuzon, Dominique Decré, Alexandra Doloy, Jean-Luc Donay, Laurence Drieux-Rouzet, Isabelle Durand, Agnès Ferroni, Vincent Fihman, Nicolas Fortineau, Camille Gomart, Nathalie Grall, Christelle Guillet Caruba, Françoise Jaureguy, Valérie Lalande, Luce Landraud, Véronique Leflon, Patricia Mariani, Liliana Mihaila, Didier Moissenet, Latifa Noussair, Isabelle Podglajen, Isabelle Poilane, Hélène Poupet, Emilie Rondinaud, Valérie Sivadon Tardy, Charlotte Verdet, Emmanuelle Vigier, and Sophie Vimont Billarant
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COVID-19 ,Blood culture ,Bloodstream infection incidence ,Antibiotic consumption ,Antimicrobial resistance ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Objectives: This study measured the impact of the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic (COVID-19) (March–April 2020) on the incidence of bloodstream infections (BSIs) at Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), the largest multisite public healthcare institution in France. Methods: The number of patient admission blood cultures (BCs) collected, number of positive BCs, and antibiotic resistance and consumption were analysed retrospectively for the first quarter of 2020, and also for the first quarter of 2019 for comparison, in 25 APHP hospitals (ca. 14 000 beds). Results: Up to a fourth of patients admitted in March–April 2020 in these hospitals had COVID-19. The BSI rate per 100 admissions increased overall by 24% in March 2020 and 115% in April 2020, and separately for the major pathogens (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, enterococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, yeasts). A sharp increase in the rate of BSIs caused by microorganisms resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (3GC) was also observed in March–April 2020, particularly in K. pneumoniae, enterobacterial species naturally producing inducible AmpC (Enterobacter cloacae...), and P. aeruginosa. A concomitant increase in 3GC consumption occurred. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic had a strong impact on hospital management and also unfavourable effects on severe infections, antimicrobial resistance, and laboratory work diagnostics.
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- 2022
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207. Selective ligand removal to improve accessibility of active sites in hierarchical MOFs for heterogeneous photocatalysis
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Shaghayegh Naghdi, Alexey Cherevan, Ariane Giesriegl, Rémy Guillet-Nicolas, Santu Biswas, Tushar Gupta, Jia Wang, Thomas Haunold, Bernhard Christian Bayer, Günther Rupprechter, Maytal Caspary Toroker, Freddy Kleitz, and Dominik Eder
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Science - Abstract
While metal organic frameworks offer highly tunable materials for photocatalytic applications, catalytic site accessibility is a crucial parameter. Here, authors demonstrate selective ligand removal to introduce new active sites and mesopores and to enhance photocatalytic H2 evolution.
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- 2022
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208. Influence of magnetic domain walls on all-optical magnetic toggle switching in a ferrimagnetic GdFe film
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Rahil Hosseinifar, Evangelos Golias, Ivar Kumberg, Quentin Guillet, Karl Frischmuth, Sangeeta Thakur, Mario Fix, Manfred Albrecht, Florian Kronast, and Wolfgang Kuch
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all-optical magnetic switching ,gdfe ,laser-induced domain-wall motion ,magnetic domain imaging ,photoemission electron microscopy ,Technology ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 ,Science ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
We present a microscopic magnetic domain imaging study of single-shot all-optical magnetic toggle switching of a ferrimagnetic Gd26Fe74 film with out-of-plane easy axis of magnetization by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism photoelectron emission microscopy. Individual linearly polarized laser pulses of 800 nm wavelength and 100 fs duration above a certain threshold fluence reverse the sample magnetization, independent of the magnetization direction, the so-called toggle switching. Local deviations from this deterministic behavior close to magnetic domain walls are studied in detail. Reasons for nondeterministic toggle switching are related to extrinsic effects, caused by pulse-to-pulse variations of the exciting laser system, and to intrinsic effects related to the magnetic domain structure of the sample. The latter are, on the one hand, caused by magnetic domain wall elasticity, which leads to a reduction of the domain-wall length at features with sharp tips. These features appear after the optical switching at positions where the line of constant threshold fluence in the Gaussian footprint of the laser pulse comes close to an already existing domain wall. On the other hand, we identify the presence of laser-induced domain-wall motion in the toggle-switching event as a further cause for local deviations from purely deterministic toggle switching.
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- 2022
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209. Optical Detection of Partial Discharges Under Fast Rising Square Voltages in Dielectric Liquids
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Somya Anand, Eric Vagnon, Martin Guillet, and Cyril Buttay
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Partial discharge ,square voltages ,high dV/dt ,ac ,optical method ,photomultiplier tube ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
Partial discharge (PD) measurement of an insulation system is widely used as a diagnostic tool for the quality control of high voltage apparatuses. In ac, the conventional method of PD detection is well established. However, under square voltages such as those generated across power electronic converters, the conventional method cannot discriminate between PDs and switching transients. In this context, this paper demonstrates PD detection under fast-rising square voltages by deploying a photomultiplier tube. For this, an experimental set-up generating unipolar square voltage (USV) waveforms is developed, generating a dV/dt in the range of 10-100 kV/ $\mu \text{s}$ . The device under test (DUT) comprises of needle-barrier plane configuration immersed in dielectric liquids. Barriers differing in permittivity and thicknesses are chosen to test with two types of dielectric liquids, to assess varying conditions. The results thus obtained show a lower partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) in USV than in bipolar ac for the same DUT specimen. The phase-resolved (PR) PD patterns exhibit a higher PD occurrence during rising and falling front of the USV waveform. Experimental results demonstrate the relevance of the PMT as a PD detector for square voltage waveforms exhibiting high dV/dt in dielectric liquids.
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- 2022
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210. Spontaneous formation of vector vortex beams in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with feedback
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Jimenez-Garcia, Jesus, Rodriguez, Pedro, Guillet, T., and Ackemann, T.
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Physics - Optics ,Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and Solitons - Abstract
The spontaneous emergence of vector vortex beams with non-uniform polarization distribution is reported in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with frequency-selective feedback. Antivortices with a hyperbolic polarization structure and radially polarized vortices are demonstrated. They exist close to and partially coexist with vortices with uniform and non-uniform polarization distributions characterized by four domains of pairwise orthogonal polarization. The spontaneous formation of these nontrivial structures in a simple, nearly isotropic VCSEL system is remarkable and the vector vortices are argued to have soliton-like properties.
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- 2017
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211. Interplay of dust alignment, grain growth and magnetic fields in polarization: lessons from the emission-to-extinction ratio
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Fanciullo, Lapo, Guillet, Vincent, Boulanger, François, and Jones, Anthony
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Polarized extinction and emission from dust in the interstellar medium (ISM) are hard to interpret, as they have a complex dependence on dust optical properties, grain alignment and magnetic field orientation. This is particularly true in molecular clouds. The data available today are not yet used to their full potential. The combination of emission and extinction, in particular, provides information not available from either of them alone. We combine data from the scientific literature on polarized dust extinction with Planck data on polarized emission and we use them to constrain the possible variations in dust and environmental conditions inside molecular clouds, and especially translucent lines of sight, taking into account magnetic field orientation. We focus on the dependence between \lambda_max -- the wavelength of maximum polarization in extinction -- and other observables such as the extinction polarization, the emission polarization and the ratio of the two. We set out to reproduce these correlations using Monte-Carlo simulations where the relevant quantities in a dust model -- grain alignment, size distribution and magnetic field orientation -- vary to mimic the diverse conditions expected inside molecular clouds. None of the quantities chosen can explain the observational data on its own: the best results are obtained when all quantities vary significantly across and within clouds. However, some of the data -- most notably the stars with low emission-to-extinction polarization ratio -- are not reproduced by our simulation. Our results suggest not only that dust evolution is necessary to explain polarization in molecular clouds, but that a simple change in size distribution is not sufficient to explain the data, and point the way for future and more sophisticated models.
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- 2017
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212. Magnetic field formation in the Milky Way-like disk galaxies of the Auriga project
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Pakmor, Ruediger, Gomez, Facundo A., Grand, Robert J. J., Marinacci, Federico, Simpson, Christine M., Springel, Volker, Campbell, David J. R., Frenk, Carlos S., Guillet, Thomas, Pfrommer, Christoph, and White, Simon D. M.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
The magnetic fields observed in the Milky~Way and nearby galaxies appear to be in equipartition with the turbulent, thermal, and cosmic ray energy densities, and hence are expected to be dynamically important. However, the origin of these strong magnetic fields is still unclear, and most previous attempts to simulate galaxy formation from cosmological initial conditions have ignored them altogether. Here, we analyse the magnetic fields predicted by the simulations of the Auriga Project, a set of 30 high-resolution cosmological zoom simulations of Milky~Way-like galaxies, carried out with a moving-mesh magneto-hydrodynamics code and a detailed galaxy formation physics model. We find that the magnetic fields grow exponentially at early times owing to a small-scale dynamo with an e-folding time of roughly $100\,\rm{Myr}$ in the center of halos until saturation occurs around $z=2-3$, when the magnetic energy density reaches about $10\%$ of the turbulent energy density with a typical strength of $10-50\,\rm{\mu G}$. In the galactic centers the ratio between magnetic and turbulent energy remains nearly constant until $z=0$. At larger radii, differential rotation in the disks leads to linear amplification that typically saturates around $z=0.5$ to $z=0$. The final radial and vertical variations of the magnetic field strength can be well described by two joint exponential profiles, and are in good agreement with observational constraints. Overall, the magnetic fields have only little effect on the global evolution of the galaxies as it takes too long to reach equipartition. We also demonstrate that our results are well converged with numerical resolution., Comment: 16 pages, 16 figures, accepted by MNRAS, section 4.1 (turbulent dynamo) extended substantially, now includes magnetic and kinetic power spectra
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- 2017
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213. Nanosized Zeolite P for Enhanced CO2 Adsorption Kinetics.
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Atrach, Jaouad Al, Aitblal, Abdelhafid, Amedlous, Abdallah, Ying Xiong, Desmurs, Marie, Ruaux, Valérie, Guillet-Nicolas, Rémy, and Valtchev, Valentin
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- 2024
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214. Skeletal Muscle Proteome Modifications following Antibiotic-Induced Microbial Disturbances in Cancer Cachexia.
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Simonson, Mathilde, Cueff, Gwendal, Thibaut, Morgane M., Giraudet, Christophe, Salles, Jérôme, Chambon, Christophe, Boirie, Yves, Bindels, Laure B., Gueugneau, Marine, and Guillet, Christelle
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- 2024
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215. Control of the differential interference contrast in reinjected bimode laser
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Lacot, Eric, Jacquin, Olivier, Hugon, Olivier, and de Chatellus, Hugues Guillet
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Physics - Optics - Abstract
We have demonstrated, both theoretically and experimentally, that it is possible to control (i.e., to enhance or cancel) the contrast of the interference pattern appearing in the intensity images obtained with a laser optical feedback imaging (LOFI) setup using a bimode laser. The laser is composed of two coupled orthogonally polarized states that interact (i.e., interfere) through the cross saturation laser dynamics. We created the contrast control by choosing the frequency shift (i.e., the beating frequency) between the feedback electric fields and the intracavity electric fields. We have shown that the interference contrast of the output power modulation of the laser total intensity is independent from the frequency shift and is always maximal. On the other hand, the interference contrast of each polarization state is frequency dependent. We obtained the maximal contrast when the frequency shift was equal to one of the resonance frequencies of the bimode dynamics, and was very low (and almost cancels) for an intermediate frequency located at the intersection of the two resonance curves.
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- 2016
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216. Associating Inulin with a Pea Protein Improves Fast-Twitch Skeletal Muscle Mass and Muscle Mitochondrial Activities in Old Rats
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Jérôme Salles, Marine Gueugneau, Véronique Patrac, Carmen Malnero-Fernandez, Christelle Guillet, Olivier Le Bacquer, Christophe Giraudet, Phelipe Sanchez, Marie-Laure Collin, Julien Hermet, Corinne Pouyet, Yves Boirie, Heidi Jacobs, and Stéphane Walrand
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inulin ,pea protein ,sarcopenia ,skeletal muscle ,protein synthesis ,mitochondrial activity ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Aging is associated with a decline in muscle mass and function, leading to increased risk for mobility limitations and frailty. Dietary interventions incorporating specific nutrients, such as pea proteins or inulin, have shown promise in attenuating age-related muscle loss. This study aimed to investigate the effect of pea proteins given with inulin on skeletal muscle in old rats. Old male rats (20 months old) were randomly assigned to one of two diet groups for 16 weeks: a ‘PEA’ group receiving a pea-protein-based diet, or a ‘PEA + INU’ group receiving the same pea protein-based diet supplemented with inulin. Both groups showed significant postprandial stimulation of muscle p70 S6 kinase phosphorylation rate after consumption of pea proteins. However, the PEA + INU rats showed significant preservation of muscle mass with time together with decreased MuRF1 transcript levels. In addition, inulin specifically increased PGC1-α expression and key mitochondrial enzyme activities in the plantaris muscle of the old rats. These findings suggest that dietary supplementation with pea proteins in combination with inulin has the potential to attenuate age-related muscle loss. Further research is warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms and determine the optimal dosage and duration of intervention for potential translation to human studies.
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- 2023
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217. Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence: The Role of Motivation for Physical Activity, Self-Esteem, Implicit and Explicit Attitudes toward Obesity and Physical Activity
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Silvia Scotto di Luzio, Guillaume Martinent, Maria Popa-Roch, Mathilde Ballereau, Soufyane Chahdi, Lucie Escudero, and Emma Guillet-Descas
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well-being in childhood ,well-being in adolescence ,weight stigma ,motivation for physical activity ,self-esteem ,life satisfaction ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to compare attitudes toward body weight and physical activity in both regular-weight and overweight/obese children and adolescents, and assessing relations between attitudes and self-esteem, motivation for physical activity, life satisfaction and level of physical activity. A total of 126 children (Mage = 12.2, SD = 3.4), divided into two subsamples (i.e., overweight/obese, N = 44, and regular-weight), voluntarily participated in the study. A series of univariate analyses of variance was conducted to examine the differences in the study variables across the subsamples. Correlational analyses were conducted to examine the relationships among the variables. The results indicated that obese/overweight participants expressed a more positive implicit attitude toward the thin category than regular-weight participants. Furthermore, among overweight/obese participants, implicit attitude toward physical activity was significantly negatively correlated with explicit attitude toward physical activity and general self-esteem. Significant differences between obese/overweight and regular-weight participants indicated that the status in terms of weight played a key role in attitudes toward the explored constructs.
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- 2023
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218. Acid Reflux Is Common in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease After One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass
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Nehmeh, William A, Baratte, Clement, Rives-Lange, Claire, Martineau, Chloe, Boullenois, Hortense, Krivan, Sylvia, Guillet, Vincent, Le Gall, Maude, Cellier, Christophe, Carette, Claire, Czernichow, Sebastien, Chevallier, Jean-Marc, and Poghosyan, Tigran
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- 2021
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219. Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy—Antecedent Characteristics and Comorbidities
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Lakshminrusimha, Satyan, Shankaran, Seetha, Laptook, Abbot, McDonald, Scott, Keszler, Martin, Van Meurs, Krisa, Guillet, Ronnie, Chawla, Sanjay, Sood, Beena G, Bonifacio, Sonia, Das, Abhik, and Higgins, Rosemary D
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Hematology ,Pediatric ,Clinical Research ,Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period ,Brain Disorders ,Infectious Diseases ,Lung ,Cardiovascular ,Infant Mortality ,Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,6.7 Physical ,Reproductive health and childbirth ,Good Health and Well Being ,Acidosis ,Asphyxia Neonatorum ,Comorbidity ,Data Interpretation ,Statistical ,Female ,Humans ,Hypertension ,Pulmonary ,Hypothermia ,Induced ,Hypoxia-Ischemia ,Brain ,Infant ,Newborn ,Length of Stay ,Male ,Maternal Age ,Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ,acidosis ,asphyxia ,cooling ,hypoxia ,Human Movement and Sports Sciences ,Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine ,Pediatrics - Abstract
OBJECTIVE:To determine the characteristics of term infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) associated with moderate or severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). METHODS:We compared infants with and without PPHN enrolled in 2 randomized trials of therapeutic hypothermia: the induced hypothermia trial of cooling to 33.5°C for 72 hours vs normothermia, and the "usual-care" arm (33.5°C for 72 hours) of the optimizing cooling trial. RESULTS:Among 303 infants with HIE from these 2 studies, 67 (22%) had PPHN and 236 (78%) did not. We compared infants with PPHN with those without PPHN. The proportion of patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia was similar in PPHN and no-PPHN groups (66% vs 65%). Medication use during resuscitation (58% vs 44%), acidosis after birth (pH: 7.0 ± 0.2 vs 7.1 ± 0.2), severe HIE (43% vs 28%), meconium aspiration syndrome (39% vs 7%), pulmonary hemorrhage (12% vs 3%), culture-positive sepsis (12% vs 3%), systemic hypotension (65% vs 28%), inhaled nitric oxide therapy (64% vs 3%), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (12% vs 0%) were more common in the PPHN group. Length of stay (26 ± 21 vs 16 ± 14 days) and mortality (27% vs 16%) were higher in the PPHN group. CONCLUSIONS:PPHN is common among infants with moderate/severe HIE and is associated with severe encephalopathy, lung disease, sepsis, systemic hypotension, and increased mortality. The prevalence of PPHN was not different between those infants receiving therapeutic hypothermia at 33.5°C in these 2 trials (44/197 = 22%) compared with infants receiving normothermia in the induced hypothermia trial (23/106 = 22%).
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- 2018
220. Investigation of a cold-based ice apron on a high-mountain permafrost rock wall using ice texture analysis and micro-14C dating: a case study of the Triangle du Tacul ice apron (Mont Blanc massif, France)
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Grégoire Guillet, Susanne Preunkert, Ludovic Ravanel, Maurine Montagnat, and Ronny Friedrich
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Ice chronology/dating ,ice core ,ice crystal studies ,mountain glaciers ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Meteorology. Climatology ,QC851-999 - Abstract
The current paper studies the dynamics and age of the Triangle du Tacul (TDT) ice apron, a massive ice volume lying on a steep high-mountain rock wall in the French side of the Mont-Blanc massif at an altitude close to 3640 m a.s.l. Three 60 cm long ice cores were drilled to bedrock (i.e. the rock wall) in 2018 and 2019 at the TDT ice apron. Texture (microstructure and lattice-preferred orientation, LPO) analyses were performed on one core. The two remaining cores were used for radiocarbon dating of the particulate organic carbon fraction (three samples in total). Microstructure and LPO do not substantially vary with along the axis of the ice core. Throughout the core, irregularly shaped grains, associated with strain-induced grain boundary migration and strong single maximum LPO, were observed. Measurements indicate that at the TDT ice deforms under a low strain-rate simple shear regime, with a shear plane parallel to the surface slope of the ice apron. Dynamic recrystallization stands out as the major mechanism for grain growth. Micro-radiocarbon dating indicates that the TDT ice becomes older with depth perpendicular to the ice surface. We observed ice ages older than 600 year BP and at the base of the lowest 30 cm older than 3000 years.
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- 2021
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221. Developing Structural First Principles for Alkylated Triphenylphosphonium-Based Ionic Liquids
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Brianna O’Rourke, Clare Lauderback, Lara I. Teodoro, Morgan Grimm, Matthias Zeller, Arsalan Mirjafari, Gary L. Guillet, and Patrick C. Hillesheim
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2021
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222. The impact of stress, recovery and coping on burnout symptoms of young elite table-tennis players: A prospective multilevel study
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Guillaume Martinent, Valérian Cece, and Emma Guillet-Descas
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athlete burnout ,coping ,multilevel analyses ,recovery ,stress ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to explore the role of stress, recovery, and coping on table-tennis athlete burnout symptoms in considering both the roles of individual and contextual (training center) factors.MethodsOne hundred and fifty-nine youth elite table-tennis players (Mage = 14.07, SD = 2.13) involved in 15 intensive training centers completed self-report questionnaires and socio-demographic data.ResultsWhen time 1 (T1) levels 1 (individual) and 2 (training group, contextual factor) stress, recovery, and coping were simultaneously entered as predictors of each of the three burnout symptoms (physical and emotional exhaustion, sport devaluation, reduced accomplishment) at T2 (controlling for levels 1 and 2 burnout at T1), the results of multilevel analyses revealed that: (a) T1 level 1 recovery significantly negatively predicted T2 reduced accomplishment (β = −0.23, p = 0.03); (b) T1 level 2 disengagement-oriented coping significantly negatively predicted T2 reduced accomplishment (β = −0.71, p = 0.03); and (c) T1 level 2 task-oriented coping marginally significantly positively predicted T2 physical and emotional exhaustion (β = 0.99, p = 0.06).ConclusionResults of the present study provided evidence for the usefulness to disentangle the variances attributable to the individual (level 1) and contextual (level 2; training group) levels of the predictors (recovery, stress and coping) of athlete burnout. Moreover, rather than examining the antecedent role of stress on athlete burnout, it could be particularly fruitful to explore theoretical constructs able to annihilate the maladaptive effects of chronic stress such as coping and recovery.
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- 2022
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223. Contribution of fetal microchimeric cells to maternal wound healing in sickle cell ulcers
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Mansour Alkobtawi, Maria Sbeih, Karim Souaid, Qui Trung Ngô, Dany Nassar, Hugo Arbes, Henri Guillet, Anoosha Habibi, Pablo Bartolucci, Mathieu Castela, Sélim Aractingi, and Bénédicte Oulès
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Leg ulcers are a major complication of sickle cell disease (SCD). They are particularly challenging to treat and innovative therapies are needed. We previously showed that the healing of SCD ulcers is delayed because of decreased angiogenesis. During pregnancy, fetal microchimeric cells (FMC) transferred to the mother are recruited to maternal wounds and improve angiogenesis. After delivery, FMC persist in maternal bone marrow for decades. Here, we investigated whether fetal cells could also improve SCD ulcers in the post-partum setting. We found that skin healing was similarly improved in post-partum mice and in pregnant mice, through increased proliferation and angiogenesis. In a SCD mouse model that recapitulates refractory SCD ulcers, we showed that the ulcers of post-partum SCD mice healed more quickly than those of virgin mice. This was associated with the recruitment of fetal cells in maternal wounds where they harbored markers of leukocytes and endothelial cells. In a retrospective cohort of SCD patients, using several parameters we found that SCD women who had ever had a baby had less of a burden related to leg ulcers compared to nulliparous women. Taken together, these results indicate that healing capacities of FMC are maintained long after delivery and may be exploited to promote wound healing in post-partum SCD patients.
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- 2022
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224. Productive versus environmental objectives of agricultural policies dealing with climate change: a French case study
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Tiphaine Guillet and Lauriane Mouysset
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land-use change ,ecosystem service ,bioeconomic model ,public policy scenario ,Europe ,terrestrial biodiversity ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
The study aims at reconciling contrasting productive and environmental goals of agricultural policies at a given budget in the context of climate change. Based on a quantitative bioeconomic model integrating interdependencies between agricultural systems and agroecosystems, we compare the impacts of 4 contrasted public policy scenarios based either on productive (food or energy) or environmental goals (pollution reduction or ecosystem state) on a set of 18 bioeconomic indicators. We run the policy scenarios under two contrasted climate change scenarios to investigate their robustness. We confirm that it is possible to achieve productive and environmental goals with the on-going budget of European agricultural policy. Synergies between productive and environmental performances exist even if they are not trivial nor systematic. More precisely, an agricultural public policy which focuses on energy production might offer a good compromise regarding the different facets of agricultural landscapes. The Pollution scenario constitutes a credible environmentally oriented alternative even if it remains slightly less competitive regarding both ecological and economic sides than an energy-oriented policy. Eventually, our analysis shows that our conclusions are robust to climate change, suggesting that adequate agricultural public policies might attenuate climate change effects when considering intermediary climate change scenarios.
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- 2022
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225. L’analyse de l’activité de démaillage : intérêts pour et dans la conception d’un filet de pêche biodégradable
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Tabatha Thiébaut-Rizzoni, Laurent Guillet, Julie Lassalle, and Christine Chauvin
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activity analysis ,explicit self-confrontation interview ,professional fishing ,use patterns ,design ,Psychology ,BF1-990 ,Social Sciences - Abstract
Fishing is a risky activity that has been mainly studied in ergonomics in order to optimize safety on board. The current ecological situation has led us to take an interest in a new way of fishing in order, among other things, to design more environmentally friendly fishing gear. Until now, no study has focused on how fishermen use fishing gear. Based on in situ observations on board two fishing boats and on explicitating self-confrontation interviews with four sailors, this study describes the use of fishing nets at different levels of the fishing activity: macro, meso and micro. It highlights the mechanical stress suffered by fishing nets and the patterns of use mobilized by the deckhands during the unmeshing of the catch. The results help to enrich the specifications for the design of biodegradable fishing gear, to enlighten the design teams on real fishing activity, and to build an environment facilitating the transition from current fishing practices to more sustainable ones.
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- 2022
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226. Prediction of cybersickness in virtual environments using topological data analysis and machine learning
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Azadeh Hadadi, Christophe Guillet, Jean-Rémy Chardonnet, Mikhail Langovoy, Yuyang Wang, and Jivka Ovtcharova
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virtual reality ,cybersickness ,navigation ,TDA ,persistent homology ,machine learing ,Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 - Abstract
Recent significant progress in Virtual Reality (VR) applications and environments raised several challenges. They proved to have side effects on specific users, thus reducing the usability of the VR technology in some critical domains, such as flight and car simulators. One of the common side effects is cybersickness. Some significant commonly reported symptoms are nausea, oculomotor discomfort, and disorientation. To mitigate these symptoms and consequently improve the usability of VR systems, it is necessary to predict the incidence of cybersickness. This paper proposes a machine learning approach to VR’s cybersickness prediction based on physiological and subjective data. We investigated combinations of topological data analysis with a range of classifier algorithms and assessed classification performance. The highest performance of Topological Data Analysis (TDA) based methods was achieved in combination with SVMs with Gaussian RBF kernel, indicating that Gaussian RBF kernels provide embeddings of physiological time series data into spaces that are rich enough to capture the essential geometric features of this type of data. Comparing several combinations with feature descriptors for physiological time series, the performance of the TDA + SVM combination is in the top group, statistically being on par or outperforming more complex and less interpretable methods. Our results show that heart rate does not seem to correlate with cybersickness.
- Published
- 2022
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227. Learning through experimenting: an original way of teaching geometrical optics
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Even, C., Balland, C., and Guillet, V.
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Physics - Physics Education - Abstract
Over the past 10 years, we have developed at University Paris Sud a first year course on geometrical optics centered on experimentation. In contrast with the traditional top-down learning structure usually applied at university, in which practical sessions are often a mere verification of the laws taught during preceding lectures, this course promotes "active learning" and focuses on experiments made by the students. Interaction among students and self questioning are strongly encouraged and practicing comes first, before any theoretical knowledge. Through a series of concrete examples, the present paper describes the philosophy underlying the teaching in this course. We demonstrate that not only geometrical optics can be taught through experiments, but also that it can serve as a useful introduction to experimental physics. Feedback over the last ten years shows that our approach succeeds in helping students to learn better and acquire motivation and autonomy. This approach can easily be applied to other fields of physics., Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures
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- 2016
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228. Magnetic field morphology in nearby molecular clouds as revealed by starlight and submillimetre polarization
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Soler, J. D., Alves, F., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Falgarone, E., Franco, G. A. P., Guillet, V., Hennebelle, P., Levrier, F., Martin, P. G., and Miville-Deschênes, M. -A.
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Within four nearby (d < 160 pc) molecular clouds, we statistically evaluate the structure of the interstellar magnetic field, projected on the plane of the sky and integrated along the line of sight, as inferred from the polarized thermal emission of Galactic dust observed by Planck at 353 GHz and from the optical and NIR polarization of background starlight. We compare the dispersion of the field orientation directly in vicinities with an area equivalent to that subtended by the Planck effective beam at 353 GHz (10') and using the second-order structure functions of the field orientation angles. We find that the average dispersion of the starlight-inferred field orientations within 10'-diameter vicinities is less than 20 deg, and that at these scales the mean field orientation is on average within 5 deg of that inferred from the submillimetre polarization observations in the considered regions. We also find that the dispersion of starlight polarization orientations and the polarization fractions within these vicinities are well reproduced by a Gaussian model of the turbulent structure of the magnetic field, in agreement with the findings reported by the Planck collaboration at scales greater than 10' and for comparable column densities. At scales greater than 10', we find differences of up to 14.7 deg between the second-order structure functions obtained from starlight and submillimetre polarization observations in the same positions in the plane of the sky, but comparison with a Gaussian model of the turbulent structure of the magnetic field indicates that these differences are small and are consistent with the difference in angular resolution between both techniques., Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures, submitted to A&A
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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229. Planck intermediate results. XLIV. The structure of the Galactic magnetic field from dust polarization maps of the southern Galactic cap
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Planck Collaboration, Aghanim, N., Alves, M. I. R., Arzoumanian, D., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Comis, B., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Davis, R. J., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. -M., Di Valentino, E., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falgarone, E., Fantaye, Y., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Guillet, V., Hansen, F. K., Helou, G., Henrot-Versillé, S., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, T. R., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T. S., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J. -M., Langer, M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Jeune, M. Le, Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschênes, M. -A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Naselsky, P., Natoli, P., Neveu, J., Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U., Oppermann, N., Oxborrow, C. A., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Plaszczynski, S., Polenta, G., Rachen, J. P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Sandri, M., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Sirignano, C., Soler, J. D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Vansyngel, F., Van Tent, F., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We study the statistical properties of interstellar dust polarization at high Galactic latitude, using the Stokes parameter Planck maps at 353 GHz. Our aim is to advance the understanding of the magnetized interstellar medium (ISM), and to provide a model of the polarized dust foreground for cosmic microwave background component-separation procedures. Focusing on the southern Galactic cap, we examine the statistical distributions of the polarization fraction ($p$) and angle ($\psi$) to characterize the ordered and turbulent components of the Galactic magnetic field (GMF) in the solar neighbourhood. We relate patterns at large angular scales in polarization to the orientation of the mean (ordered) GMF towards Galactic coordinates $(l_0,b_0)=(70^\circ \pm 5^\circ,24^\circ \pm 5^\circ)$. The histogram of $p$ shows a wide dispersion up to 25 %. The histogram of $\psi$ has a standard deviation of $12^\circ$ about the regular pattern expected from the ordered GMF. We use these histograms to build a phenomenological model of the turbulent component of the GMF, assuming a uniform effective polarization fraction ($p_0$) of dust emission. To model the Stokes parameters, we approximate the integration along the line of sight (LOS) as a sum over a set of $N$ independent polarization layers, in each of which the turbulent component of the GMF is obtained from Gaussian realizations of a power-law power spectrum. We are able to reproduce the observed $p$ and $\psi$ distributions using: a $p_0$ value of (26 $\pm$ 3)%; a ratio of 0.9 $\pm$ 0.1 between the strengths of the turbulent and mean components of the GMF; and a small value of $N$. We relate the polarization layers to the density structure and to the correlation length of the GMF along the LOS.
- Published
- 2016
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230. Polariton condensates at room temperature
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Guillet, Thierry and Brimont, Christelle
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Physics - Optics - Abstract
We review the recent developments of the polariton physics in microcavities featuring the exciton-photon strong coupling at room-temperature, and leading to the achievement of room-temperature polariton condensates. Such cavities embed active layers with robust excitons that present a large binding energy and a large oscillator strength, i.e. wide bandgap inorganic or organic semiconductors, or organic molecules. These various systems are compared, in terms of figures of merit and of common features related to their strong oscillator strength. The various demonstrations of polariton laser are compared, as well as their condensation phase diagrams. The room-temperature operation indeed allows a detailed investigation of the thermodynamic and out-of-equilibrium regimes of the condensation process. The crucial role of the spatial dynamics of the condensate formation is discussed, as well as the debated issue of the mechanism of stimulated relaxation from the reservoir to the condensate under non-resonant excitation. Finally the prospects of polariton devices are presented., Comment: 22 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
- Published
- 2016
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231. Room-temperature transport of indirect excitons in (Al,Ga)N/GaN quantum wells
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Fedichkin, F., Guillet, T., Valvin, P., Jouault, B., Brimont, C., Bretagnon, T., Lahourcade, L., Grandjean, N., Lefebvre, P., and Vladimirova, M.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases - Abstract
We report on the exciton propagation in polar (Al,Ga)N/GaN quantum wells over several micrometers and up to room temperature. The key ingredient to achieve this result is the crystalline quality of GaN quantum wells (QWs) grown on GaN template substrate. By comparing microphotoluminescence images of two identical QWs grown on sapphire and on GaN, we reveal the twofold role played by GaN substrate in the transport of excitons. First, the lower threading dislocation densities in such structures yield higher exciton radiative efficiency, thus limiting nonradiative losses of propagating excitons. Second, the absence of the dielectric mismatch between the substrate and the epilayer strongly limits the photon guiding effect in the plane of the structure,making exciton transport easier to distinguish from photon propagation. Our results pave the way towards room-temperature gate-controlled exciton transport in wide-bandgap polar heterostructures., Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures
- Published
- 2016
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232. Interplay between tightly focused excitation and ballistic propagation of polariton condensates in a ZnO microcavity
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Hahe, Rereao, Brimont, Christelle, Valvin, Pierre, Guillet, Thierry, Li, Feng, Leroux, Mathieu, Zuniga-Perez, Jesus, Lafosse, Xavier, Patriarche, Gilles, and Bouchoule, Sophie
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
The formation and propagation of a polariton condensate under tightly focused excitation is investigated in a ZnO microcavity both experimentally and theoretically. 2D near-field and far-field images of the condensate are measured under quasi-continuous non-resonant excitation. The corresponding spatial profiles are compared to a model based on the Gross-Pitaevskii equation under cylindrical geometry. This work allows to connect the experiments performed with a small excitation laser spot and the previous kinetic models of condensation in a 2D infinite microcavity, and to determine the relevant parameters of both the interaction and the relaxation between the reservoir and the condensate. Two main parameters are identified: the exciton-photon detuning through the polariton effective mass and the temperature, which determines the efficiency of the relaxation from the reservoir to the condensate., Comment: 13 pages, 3 tables and 9 figures
- Published
- 2015
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233. Li-Ion Cell Safety Monitoring Using Mechanical Parameters, Part 3: Battery Behaviour during Abusive Overcharge
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Angel Kirchev, Nicolas Guillet, Loic Lonardoni, and Sebastien Dumenil
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lithium ion battery ,overcharge safety ,strain gauge ,ultrasound interrogation ,Production of electric energy or power. Powerplants. Central stations ,TK1001-1841 ,Industrial electrochemistry ,TP250-261 - Abstract
The electrochemical and mechanical behaviour of 18,650 Li-ion cells subjected to abusive overcharge has been studied in constant current and constant voltage mode. The results from the cell deformation monitoring via a rectangular rosette strain gauges indicate an over-swelling process starting shortly after the cell voltage increases above 4.2 V. The acoustic ultrasound interrogation measurement and data treatment using clustering and mapping software, carried out in parallel, showed an abnormal evolution of the signals’ power density spectral patterns, suggesting changes in the structure of the cell jellyroll induced by the overcharge reactions. The increase in cell skin temperature due to the overcharge process starts considerably later. The results suggest that the monitoring of the mechanical behaviour of cylindrical-format Li-ion cells can be used for the detection and alerting of early overcharge safety events.
- Published
- 2023
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234. Feasibility of Using a 300 GHz Radar to Detect Fractures and Lithological Changes in Rocks
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Federico Sanjuan, Frédéric Fauquet, Bertrand Fasentieux, Patrick Mounaix, and Jean-Paul Guillet
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frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar ,radar imaging ,millimeter wave imaging ,non-destructive testing ,Science - Abstract
The detection and quantification of fractures in rocks, as well as the detection of lithological changes, are of particular interest in scientific fields, such as construction materials, geotechnics, reservoirs and the diagnostics of dielectric composite materials and cultural heritage objects. Therefore, different methods and techniques have been developed and improved over the years to provide solutions, e.g., seismic, ground-penetrating radar and X-ray microtomography. However, there are always trade-offs, such as spatial resolution, investigated volume and rock penetration depth. At present, high-frequency radars (>60 GHz) are available on the market, which are compact in size and capable of imaging large areas in short periods of time. However, the few rock applications that have been carried out have not provided any information on whether these radars would be useful for detecting fractures and lithological changes in rocks. Therefore, in this work, we performed different experiments on construction and reservoir rocks using a frequency-modulated continuous wave radar working at 300 GHz to evaluate its viability in this type of application. The results showed that the radar quantified millimeter fractures at a 1 cm rock penetration depth with a sensitivity of 500 μm. Furthermore, lithological changes were identified, even when detecting interfaces generated by the artificial union of two samples from the same rock.
- Published
- 2023
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235. Isoniazid-monoresistant tuberculosis in France: Risk factors, treatment outcomes and adverse events
- Author
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Marwa Bachir, Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Simone Tunesi, Typhaine Billard-Pomares, Sheila Chiesi, Jérémy Jaffré, Hugo Langris, Valérie Pourcher, Frédéric Schramm, Nadine Lemaître, Jérôme Robert, O. Bouchaud, T. Billard-Pomares, E. Carbonnelle, F. Mechaï, H. Nunes, M. Pellan, A.-S. Morin, C. Dumesnil, J. Dumoulin, A.-L. Roux, M. Jachym, D. le Du, D. Marigot-Outtandy, S. Abgrall, V. Chambrin, C. Guillet, B. Fantin, A. Galy, J.-W. Decousser, J.D. Lelièvre, S. Gallien, B. Nebbad-Lechani, L. Deconinck, S. Bulifon, N. Fortineau, B. Wyplosz, F. Cohen, N. Lemaitre, B. Crestani, N. Grall, C. Pierre-Audigier, C. Rioux, Y. Yazdanpanah, C. Le Jeunne, P. Morand, N. Roche, J. Pavie, P. Loulergue, V. Delcey, E. Lecorché, A.-L. Munier, F. Mougari, P. Sellier, E. Bille, A. Ferroni, R. Guéry, A. Hummel, J. Lourenco, A. Aubry, I. Bonnet, E. Caumes, C. Londner, F. Morel, K. Lacombe, V. Lalande, J.-L. Meynard, N. Veziris, N. De Castro, B. Denis, M. Lafaurie, J.-M. Molina, A. Canestri, L. Lassel, G. Pialoux, C. Verdet, A.-L. Nardi, M. Gominet, and E. Catherinot
- Subjects
Tuberculosis ,Isoniazid ,Drug resistance ,Risk factors ,Epidemiology ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Objectives: Isoniazid-monoresistant tuberculosis (HR-TB) is the most prevalent form of drug-resistant TB worldwide and in France and is associated with poorer treatment outcomes compared with drug-susceptible TB (DS-TB). The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of HR-TB patients in France and to compare outcomes and safety of treatment for HR-TB and DS-TB. Methods: We performed a case-control multicenter study to identify risk factors associated with HR-TB and compare treatment outcomes and safety between HR-TB patients and DS-TB patients. Results: Characteristics of 99 HR-TB patients diagnosed and treated in the university hospitals of Paris, Lille, Caen and Strasbourg were compared with 99 DS-TB patients. Female sex (OR = 2.2; 1.0–4.7), birth in the West-Pacific World Health Organization region (OR = 4.6; 1.1–18.7) and resistance to streptomycin (OR = 77.5; 10.1–594.4) were found to be independently associated with HR-TB. Rates of treatment success did not differ significantly between HR-TB and DS-TB. Conclusions: Factors associated with HR-TB are not significant enough to efficiently screen TB patients at risk of HR-TB. The systematic implementation of rapid molecular testing on clinical samples remains the only effective way to make the early diagnosis of HR-TB and adapt treatment.
- Published
- 2021
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236. Promoting Physical Activity and Reducing Sedentary Behaviors among French Adolescent Girls from Low-Incomes Communities
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Virginie Nicaise, Guillaume Martinent, Bethania Rauseo, and Emma Guillet-Descas
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implicit attitudes ,pedometer ,physical activity ,sedentary behaviors ,self-determination theory ,theory of planned behavior ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
(1) Background: Despite health benefits of engaging in regular physical activity (PA), adolescents fail to achieve the recommended PA practice (especially among girls with low socio-economic position). Researchers have been prompted to adopt models of social cognition to help identify the role of psychological factors in influencing PA and sedentary behaviors. Thus, this study examined the effects of an intervention promoting PA, reducing sedentary activity among adolescent girls from low-incomes communities, and explored the relationships between core constructs of salient theoretical frameworks (self-determination theory, theory of planned behavior, implicit and explicit attitude towards PA, and sedentary behaviors); (2) Methods: An intervention was delivered to 28 adolescent girls. They reported their scores on a variety of core psychological constructs grounded within the aforementioned theoretical frameworks as well as on several outcomes, such as objective PA (pedometers) and perceived mental and physical health. These scores were gathered both before and after the 8-weeks program; (3) Results: Results revealed changes on external regulation and implicit attitudes toward sedentary behaviors from before to after the program. However, objective PA behavior did not change; (4) Conclusions: Future studies are encouraged to further explore mechanisms of behavior change derived from integrated and socio-ecological theories.
- Published
- 2021
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237. The influence of decision-making in tree ring-based climate reconstructions
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Ulf Büntgen, Kathy Allen, Kevin J. Anchukaitis, Dominique Arseneault, Étienne Boucher, Achim Bräuning, Snigdhansu Chatterjee, Paolo Cherubini, Olga V. Churakova (Sidorova), Christophe Corona, Fabio Gennaretti, Jussi Grießinger, Sebastian Guillet, Joel Guiot, Björn Gunnarson, Samuli Helama, Philipp Hochreuther, Malcolm K. Hughes, Peter Huybers, Alexander V. Kirdyanov, Paul J. Krusic, Josef Ludescher, Wolfgang J.-H. Meier, Vladimir S. Myglan, Kurt Nicolussi, Clive Oppenheimer, Frederick Reinig, Matthew W. Salzer, Kristina Seftigen, Alexander R. Stine, Markus Stoffel, Scott St. George, Ernesto Tejedor, Aleyda Trevino, Valerie Trouet, Jianglin Wang, Rob Wilson, Bao Yang, Guobao Xu, and Jan Esper
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
Tree rings are a crucial archive for Common Era climate reconstructions, but the degree to which methodological decisions influence outcomes is not well known. Here, the authors show how different approaches taken by 15 different groups influence the ensemble temperature reconstruction from the same data.
- Published
- 2021
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238. QuoVidi: An open‐source web application for the organization of large‐scale biological treasure hunts
- Author
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Guillaume Lobet, Charlotte Descamps, Lola Leveau, Alain Guillet, and Jean‐François Rees
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active learning ,biology ,gamification ,remote learning ,systematics ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
Abstract Learning biology, and in particular systematics, requires learning a substantial amount of specific vocabulary, both for botanical and zoological studies. While crucial, the precise identification of structures serving as evolutionary traits and systematic criteria is not per se a highly motivating task for students. Teaching this in a traditional teaching setting is quite challenging especially with a large crowd of students to be kept engaged. This is even more difficult if, as during the COVID‐19 crisis, students are not allowed to access laboratories for hands‐on observation on fresh specimens and sometimes restricted to short‐range movements outside their home. Here, we present QuoVidi, a new open‐source web platform for the organization of large‐scale treasure hunts. The platform works as follows: students, organized in teams, receive a list of quests that contain morphologic, ecologic, or systematic terms. They have to first understand the meaning of the quests, then go and find them in the environment. Once they find the organism corresponding to a quest, they upload a geotagged picture of their finding and submit this on the platform. The correctness of each submission is evaluated by the staff. During the COVID‐19 lockdown, previously validated pictures were also submitted for evaluation to students that were locked in low‐biodiversity areas. From a research perspective, the system enables the creation of large image databases by the students, similar to citizen science projects. Beside the enhanced motivation of students to learn the vocabulary and perform observations on self‐found specimens, this system allows instructors to remotely follow and assess the work performed by large numbers of students. The interface is freely available, open‐source and customizable. Unlike existing naturalist platforms, allows the educators to fully customize the quests of interest. This enables the creation of multiple teaching scenarios, without being bound to a fixed scope. QuoVidi can be used in other disciplines with adapted quests and we expect it to be of interest in many classroom settings.
- Published
- 2021
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239. Novel approach to optimize the mechanical properties of Cu-Al composite wires
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Dashti, Alireza, Keller, Clément, Vieille, Benoit, and Guillet, Alain
- Published
- 2022
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240. Se-SAD serial femtosecond crystallography datasets from selenobiotinyl-streptavidin
- Author
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Yoon, C, DeMirci, H, Sierra, R, Dao, E, Ahmadi, R, Aksit, F, Aquila, A, Batyuk, A, Ciftci, H, Guillet, A, Hayes, B, Lane, T, Liang, M, Lundstrom, U, Koglin, J, Mgbam, P, Rao, Y, Rendahl, T, Rodriguez, E, Zhang, L, Wakatsuki, S, Boutet, S, Holton, J, and Hunter, M
- Published
- 2017
241. Nanosized Zeolite P for Enhanced CO2Adsorption Kinetics
- Author
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Al Atrach, Jaouad, Aitblal, Abdelhafid, Amedlous, Abdallah, Xiong, Ying, Desmurs, Marie, Ruaux, Valérie, Guillet-Nicolas, Rémy, and Valtchev, Valentin
- Abstract
Downsizing zeolite crystals is a rational solution to address the challenge of slow adsorption rates for industrial applications. In this work, we report an environmentally friendly seed-assisted method for synthesizing nanoscale zeolite P, which has been shown to be promising for binary separations. The potassium-exchanged form of nanoagglomerates demonstrates dramatically enhanced CO2adsorption capacity, improved diffusion rate, and separation performance. Single-component CO2adsorption at equilibrium demonstrated higher CO2uptake and faster adsorption kinetics (ca. 1400 s vs >130000 s) for nanosized zeolite (KP1) compared to its micron-sized (KP2) counterpart. The diffusion kinetics analysis revealed the relation between the crystal size and the transport mechanism. The micron-sized KP2 sample was primarily governed by a surface barrier resistance mechanism, while in KP1, the diffusion process involved both intracrystalline and surface barrier resistance, facilitating the surface diffusion process and enhancing the overall diffusion rate. Breakthrough curve analysis confirmed these findings as fast and efficient CO2/N2and CO2/CH4separations recorded for the nanosized sample. The results showed remarkably enhanced breakthrough time for KP2 vs KP1 in CO2/N2(1.0 vs 10.9 min) and CO2/CH4(1.1 vs 9.9 min) mixtures, along with much higher adsorption capacity for CO2/N2(0.18 vs 1.33 mmol/g) and CO2/CH4(0.18 vs 1.21 mmol/g) mixtures. The set of experimental data demonstrates the importance of zeolite crystal engineering for improving the gas separation performance of processes involving CO2, N2, and CH4.
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- 2024
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242. Relationship of patent ductus arteriosus management with neonatal AKI
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Guillet, Ronnie, Selewski, David T., Griffin, Russell, Rastogi, Shantanu, Askenazi, David J., and D’Angio, Carl T.
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- 2021
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243. FairEmbo Concept for Arterial Embolizations: In Vivo Feasibility and Safety Study with Suture-Based Microparticles Compared with Microspheres
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Di Bisceglie, Mathieu, Hak, Jean-Francois, Diop, Abdoulaye Dione, Salazar, Gloria, Brige, Pauline, Panneau, Julien, Tradi, Farouk, Habert, Paul, Campion, Jacques-Yves, Diop, Abdoulaye Ndoye, Soulez, Gilles, Guillet, Benjamin, and Vidal, Vincent
- Published
- 2021
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244. Planck intermediate results
- Author
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Aghanim, N, Alves, MIR, Arzoumanian, D, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Ballardini, M, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartolo, N, Basak, S, Benabed, K, Bernard, J-P, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bonavera, L, Bond, JR, Borrill, J, Bouchet, FR, Boulanger, F, Bracco, A, Bucher, M, Burigana, C, Calabrese, E, Cardoso, J-F, Chiang, HC, Colombo, LPL, Combet, C, Comis, B, Couchot, F, Coulais, A, Crill, BP, Curto, A, Cuttaia, F, Davis, RJ, de Bernardis, P, de Rosa, A, de Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Delouis, J-M, Di Valentino, E, Dickinson, C, Diego, JM, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Ducout, A, Dupac, X, Dusini, S, Efstathiou, G, Elsner, F, Enßlin, TA, Eriksen, HK, Falgarone, E, Fantaye, Y, Ferrière, K, Finelli, F, Frailis, M, Fraisse, AA, Franceschi, E, Frolov, A, Galeotta, S, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Génova-Santos, RT, Gerbino, M, Ghosh, T, González-Nuevo, J, Górski, KM, Gratton, S, Gregorio, A, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, JE, Guillet, V, Hansen, FK, Helou, G, Henrot-Versillé, S, Herranz, D, Hivon, E, Huang, Z, Jaffe, AH, Jaffe, TR, Jones, WC, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, TS, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lähteenmäki, A, Lamarre, J-M, Langer, M, Lasenby, A, Lattanzi, M, Le Jeune, M, Levrier, F, Liguori, M, Lilje, PB, López-Caniego, M, Lubin, PM, and Macías-Pérez, JF
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Astronomical Sciences ,Physical Sciences ,magnetohydrodynamics ,polarization ,methods: data analysis ,dust ,extinction ,cosmic background radiation ,ISM: magnetic fields ,astro-ph.GA ,Astronomical and Space Sciences ,Astronomy & Astrophysics ,Astronomical sciences ,Particle and high energy physics ,Space sciences - Abstract
Using data from the Planck satellite, we study the statistical properties of interstellar dust polarization at high Galactic latitudes around the south pole (b
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- 2016
245. Planck intermediate results: XLIV. Structure of the Galactic magnetic field from dust polarization maps of the southern Galactic cap
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Aghanim, N, Alves, MIR, Arzoumanian, D, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Ballardini, M, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartolo, N, Basak, S, Benabed, K, Bernard, JP, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bonavera, L, Bond, JR, Borrill, J, Bouchet, FR, Boulanger, F, Bracco, A, Bucher, M, Burigana, C, Calabrese, E, Cardoso, JF, Chiang, HC, Colombo, LPL, Combet, C, Comis, B, Couchot, F, Coulais, A, Crill, BP, Curto, A, Cuttaia, F, Davis, RJ, De Bernardis, P, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Delouis, JM, Di Valentino, E, Dickinson, C, Diego, JM, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Ducout, A, Dupac, X, Dusini, S, Efstathiou, G, Elsner, F, Enßlin, TA, Eriksen, HK, Falgarone, E, Fantaye, Y, Ferrière, K, Finelli, F, Frailis, M, Fraisse, AA, Franceschi, E, Frolov, A, Galeotta, S, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Génova-Santos, RT, Gerbino, M, Ghosh, T, González-Nuevo, J, Górski, KM, Gratton, S, Gregorio, A, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, JE, Guillet, V, Hansen, FK, Helou, G, Henrot-Versillé, S, Herranz, D, Hivon, E, Huang, Z, Jaffe, AH, Jaffe, TR, Jones, WC, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, TS, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lähteenmäki, A, Lamarre, JM, Langer, M, Lasenby, A, Lattanzi, M, Le Jeune, M, Levrier, F, Liguori, M, Lilje, PB, López-Caniego, M, Lubin, PM, and MacIás-Pérez, JF
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magnetohydrodynamics ,polarization ,methods: data analysis ,dust ,extinction ,cosmic background radiation ,ISM: magnetic fields ,astro-ph.GA ,Astronomy & Astrophysics ,Astronomical and Space Sciences - Abstract
Using data from the Planck satellite, we study the statistical properties of interstellar dust polarization at high Galactic latitudes around the south pole (b
- Published
- 2016
246. The impact of gender and sex in psoriasis: What to be aware of when treating women with psoriasis
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Carole Guillet, MD, Corsin Seeli, MMed, Meienberger Nina, MMed, Lara Valeska Maul, MD, and Julia-Tatjana Maul, MD
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Dermatology ,RL1-803 - Abstract
Background:. Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with an exceptionally high burden for women. Objective:. Sex-dependent differences in disease manifestation, severity, treatment choices, subjective disease perception, and the impact on quality of life and risk factors are described and comprehensively discussed. Methods:. A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE (PubMed) and the Cochrane Library for systematic reviews to investigate the challenges in treating women with psoriasis. Results and conclusions:. The incidence, prevalence, and manifestation of psoriasis of the skin are similar between different sexes. Genetic and environmental factors such as obesity and metabolic syndrome are risk factors and are not equally relevant or pronounced in women and men. Overall, women have a lower disease severity measured by the Psoriasis Area Severity Index, which is associated with a higher impairment of their life quality measured by the Dermatology Life Quality Index compared with men. In addition, women with psoriasis are more likely to have depression than men. Hormonal factors affect psoriasis, with a correlation of high estrogen levels and improvement of psoriasis. Data regarding differences in prescribing patterns of systemic treatments and the severity of psoriasis are not entirely consistent. Registry studies show that men tend to have more severe psoriasis and, in some cases, are prescribed systemic therapies more frequently. Women tend to respond better to systemic treatments and to experience more adverse events. Treatment options are the same for both sexes, except during pregnancy and lactation. Various treatment options are contraindicated due to fear of fetal or neonate harm and lack of data. Topical steroids can be prescribed with a high degree of safety during pregnancy. For other topical therapies (calcineurin inhibitors and vitamin D analogs), no studies of adverse effects in pregnancy are available, and safety data mainly stem from studies examining effects after systemic administration. Antitumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibodies (except for certolizumab pegol) have been associated with a possible increased risk of preterm birth, low gestational age, and cesarean deliveries. Prospective data on the safety of biologics other than antitumor necrosis factor-alpha antibodies to accurately assess whether novel biologics (eg, anti-interleukin 17, 12/23, 23) can be used for systemic therapy in pregnancy are lacking or currently being conducted.
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- 2022
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- View/download PDF
247. Beneficial Effects of Motor Imagery and Self-Talk on Service Performance in Skilled Tennis Players
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Nicolas Robin, Laurent Dominique, Emma Guillet-Descas, and Olivier Hue
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motor imagery ,self-talk ,service ,tennis ,performance ,service speed ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
This research aim to investigate the effects of motor imagery (MI), focused on the trajectory of the ball and the target area, and self-talk (motivational function) before the actual strike on the performance of the service in skilled tennis players. Thirty-three participants (6 females and 27 males, Mage = 15.9 years), competing in regional to national competitions, were randomly divided into three groups: Control, MI, and MI + self-talk. They performed a pre-test (25 first service), 20 acquisition sessions (physical trial, physical trial + MI and physical trial + MI + self-talk), and a post-test similar to the pre-test, in match situations. The percentage of the first service, their speed, and the efficiency scores, evaluated by experts, were use as dependent variables and indicators of performance. While there was no difference in service speed ( p > 0.05), this study showed an improvement in the first service percentage and efficiency (all ps
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- 2022
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248. Bioinformatic Mining and Structure-Activity Profiling of Baeyer-Villiger Monooxygenases from Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Nicolas Tomas, Dimitri Leonelli, Martin Campoy, Sylvain Marthey, Nguyen-Hung Le, David Rengel, Véronique Martin, Adrian Pál, Jana Korduláková, Nathalie Eynard, Valérie Guillet, Lionel Mourey, Mamadou Daffé, Anne Lemassu, Gwenaëlle André, and Hedia Marrakchi
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tuberculosis ,mycobacteria ,monooxygenase ,BVMO signature ,modeling ,substrate selectivity ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), one of the deadliest infectious diseases. The alarming health context coupled with the emergence of resistant M. tuberculosis strains highlights the urgent need to expand the range of anti-TB antibiotics. A subset of anti-TB drugs in use are prodrugs that require bioactivation by a class of M. tuberculosis enzymes called Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs), which remain understudied. To examine the prevalence and the molecular function of BVMOs in mycobacteria, we applied a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis that identified six BVMOs in M. tuberculosis, including Rv3083 (MymA), Rv3854c (EthA), Rv0565c, and Rv0892, which were selected for further characterization. Homology modeling and substrate docking analysis, performed on this subset, suggested that Rv0892 is closer to the cyclohexanone BVMO, while Rv0565c and EthA are structurally and functionally similar to MymA, which is by far the most prominent type I BVMO enzyme. Thanks to an unprecedented purification and assay optimization, biochemical studies confirmed that all four BVMOs display BV-oxygenation activity. We also showed that MymA displays a distinctive substrate preference that we further investigated by kinetic parameter determination and that correlates with in silico modeling. We provide insights into distribution of BVMOs and the structural basis of their substrate profiling, and we discuss their possible redundancy in M. tuberculosis, raising questions about their versatility in prodrug activation and their role in physiology and infection. IMPORTANCE Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The rise in drug resistance highlights the urgent need for innovation in anti-TB drug development. Many anti-TB drugs require bioactivation by Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs). Despite their emerging importance, BVMO structural and functional features remain enigmatic. We applied a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis and confirmed the presence of six BVMOs in M. tuberculosis, including MymA, EthA, and Rv0565c—activators of the second-line prodrug ethionamide—and the novel BVMO Rv0892. Combining in silico characterization with in vitro validation, we outlined their structural framework and substrate preference. Markedly, MymA displayed an enhanced capacity and a distinct selectivity profile toward ligands, in agreement with its catalytic site topology. These features ground the molecular basis for structure-function comprehension of the specificity in these enzymes and expand the repertoire of BVMOs with selective and/or overlapping activity for application in the context of improving anti-TB therapy.
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- 2022
- Full Text
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249. Dust models post-Planck: constraining the far-infrared opacity of dust in the diffuse interstellar medium
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Fanciullo, Lapo, Guillet, Vincent, Aniano, Gonzalo, Jones, Anthony P., Ysard, Nathalie, Miville-Deschênes, Marc-Antoine, Boulanger, François, and Köhler, M.
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We compare the performance of several dust models in reproducing the dust spectral energy distribution (SED) per unit extinction in the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM). We use our results to constrain the variability of the optical properties of big grains in the diffuse ISM, as published by the Planck collaboration. We use two different techniques to compare the predictions of dust models to data from the Planck HFI, IRAS and SDSS surveys. First, we fit the far-infrared emission spectrum to recover the dust extinction and the intensity of the interstellar radiation field (ISRF). Second, we infer the ISRF intensity from the total power emitted by dust per unit extinction, and then predict the emission spectrum. In both cases, we test the ability of the models to reproduce dust emission and extinction at the same time. We identify two issues. Not all models can reproduce the average dust emission per unit extinction: there are differences of up to a factor $\sim2$ between models, and the best accord between model and observation is obtained with the more emissive grains derived from recent laboratory data on silicates and amorphous carbons. All models fail to reproduce the variations in the emission per unit extinction if the only variable parameter is the ISRF intensity: this confirms that the optical properties of dust are indeed variable in the diffuse ISM. Diffuse ISM observations are consistent with a scenario where both ISRF intensity and dust optical properties vary. The ratio of the far-infrared opacity to the $V$ band extinction cross-section presents variations of the order of $\sim20\%$ ($40-50\%$ in extreme cases), while ISRF intensity varies by $\sim30\%$ ($\sim60\%$ in extreme cases). This must be accounted for in future modelling., Comment: A&A, in press
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- 2015
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250. Plenoptic microscope based on laser optical feedback imaging (LOFI)
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Glastre, W, Hugon, O, Jacquin, O, de Chatellus, H Guillet, and Lacot, E
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Physics - Optics - Abstract
We present an overview of the performances of a plenoptic microscope which combines the high sensitivity of a laser optical feedback imaging setup , the high resolution of optical synthetic aperture and a shot noise limited signal to noise ratio by using acoustic photon tagging. By using an adapted phase filtering, this microscope allows phase drift correction and numerical aberration compensation (defocusing, coma, astigmatism ...). This new kind of microscope seems to be well adapted to make deep imaging through scattering and heterogeneous media.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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