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201. From PET detectors to PET scanners.

Author

Humm, John L., Rosenfeld, Anatoly, and Guerra, Avberto Del

Subjects
DETECTORS, POSITRON emission tomography, TECHNOLOGICAL innovations, MEDICAL sciences
Abstract

This review describes the properties of available and emerging radiation detector and read-out technologies and discusses how they may affect PET scanner performance. After a general introduction, there is a section in which the physical properties of several different detector scintillators are compared. This is followed by a discussion of recent advances in read-out electronics. Finally, the physical performance of the several commercial PET scanners is summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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202. Prolonged exposure to free fatty acids has cytostatic and pro-apoptotic effects on human pancreatic islets: evidence that beta-cell death is caspase mediated, partially dependent on ceramide pathway, and Bcl-2 regulated.

Author

Lupi, Roberto, Dotta, Francesco, Marselli, Lorella, Guerra, Silvia Del, Masini, Matilde, Santangelo, Carmela, Patané, Giovanni, Boggi, Ugo, Piro, Salvatore, Anello, Marcello, Bergamini, Ettore, Mosca, Franco, Mario, Umberto Di, Prato, Stefano Del, Marchetti, Piero, Del Guerra, Silvia, Patané, Giovanni, Di Mario, Umberto, and Del Prato, Stefano

Subjects
FATTY acids, ISLANDS of Langerhans, LIPID metabolism, PROTEIN metabolism, GLUCOSE metabolism, APOPTOSIS, CELL physiology, COMPARATIVE studies, INSULIN, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL cooperation, TYPE 2 diabetes, PROTEOLYTIC enzymes, RESEARCH, TRIGLYCERIDES, EVALUATION research, IN vitro studies
Abstract

In an effort to better understand the phenomenon of lipotoxicity in human beta-cells, we evaluated the effects of 48-h preculture with 1.0 or 2.0 mmol/l free fatty acid (FFA) (2:1 oleate to palmitate) on the function and survival of isolated human islets and investigated some of the possible mechanisms. Compared with control islets, triglyceride content was significantly increased and insulin content and glucose-stimulated insulin release were significantly reduced in islets precultured with increased FFA concentrations. These changes were accompanied by a significant reduction of glucose utilization and oxidation. By cell death detection techniques, it was observed that exposure to FFAs induced a significant increase of the amount of dead cells. Electron microscopy showed the involvement of beta-cells, with morphological appearance compatible with the presence of apoptotic phenomena. FFA-induced islet cell death was blocked by inhibition of upstream caspases and partially prevented by inhibiton of ceramide synthesis or serine protease activity, whereas inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis had no effect. RT-PCR studies revealed no major change of iNOS and Bax mRNA expression and a marked decrease of Bcl-2 mRNA expression in the islets cultured with FFA. Thus, prolonged exposure to FFAs has cytostatic and pro-apoptotic effects on human pancreatic beta-cells. The cytostatic action is likely to be due to the FFA-induced reduction of intraislet glucose metabolism, and the proapoptotic effects are mostly caspase mediated, partially dependent on ceramide pathway, and possibly Bcl-2 regulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
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203. Effects of oral sepiapterin on blood Phe concentration in a broad range of patients with phenylketonuria (APHENITY): results of an international, phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Author

Muntau, Ania C, Longo, Nicola, Ezgu, Fatih, Schwartz, Ida Vanessa D, Lah, Melissa, Bratkovic, Drago, Margvelashvili, Lali, Kiykim, Ertugrul, Zori, Roberto, Campistol Plana, Jaume, Bélanger-Quintana, Amaya, Lund, Allan, Guilder, Laura, Chakrapani, Anupam, Mungan, Halise Neslihan, Guimas, Arlindo, Cabrales Guerra, Ixiu del Carmen, MacDonald, Anita, Ingalls, Kimberly, and Smith, Neil

Abstract

Phenylketonuria is an inherited condition characterised by neurotoxic accumulation of phenylalanine (Phe). APHENITY assessed the efficacy and safety of orally administered synthetic sepiapterin in children and adults with phenylketonuria. APHENITY was a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study performed at 34 clinics, hospitals, and university sites in 13 countries. Individuals of all ages with a clinical diagnosis of phenylketonuria were eligible for inclusion if they had a blood Phe concentration of 360 μmol/L or higher at study entry, whereas individuals with hyperphenylalaninaemia due to pathogenic variants in GCH1, PTS, QDPR, SPR , and PCBD1 , consistent with a diagnosis of primary BH 4 deficiency, were excluded. Part 1 was a 14-day open-label assessment of blood Phe concentration response to sepiapterin. In part 2, sepiapterin-responsive participants were randomly assigned (1:1) by a web-response system based on a block randomisation schedule (permuted block size of 2 and 4) to 6 weeks of sepiapterin (forced-dose escalation: 20, 40, and 60 mg/kg per day per consecutive 2-week period) or placebo. The investigational drug and placebo were identical in their appearance and delivery. Dried blood samples were collected for analysis of Phe concentration on days –1, 1 (before dose was administered), 5, 10, 14, 19, 24, 28, 33, 38, and 42 in part 2, either in-clinic or at home. The primary endpoint for part 2, mean change from baseline in blood Phe after 6 weeks, was assessed in the primary analysis set of participants with at least a 30% reduction in blood Phe concentration in part 1, who took at least one dose in part 2. Safety was evaluated in all participants receiving at least one dose of treatment. The completed study is registered at EudraCT (2021-000474-29) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05099640). APHENITY was conducted between Sept 30, 2021, and April 3, 2023. 187 people were assessed for eligibility, of whom 157 were enrolled. In part 1, 156 participants were assessed or evaluated, of whom 114 (73%) were sepiapterin-responsive (ie, ≥15% reduction in blood Phe from baseline). In part 2, 98 participants (49 in the placebo group and 49 in the sepiapterin group) were in the primary analysis set. There was a significant reduction of blood Phe concentration after 6 weeks of sepiapterin (–63%, SD 20) compared with placebo (1%, 29; least squares mean change –395·9 μmol/L, SE 33·8; p<0·0001). Treatment-emergent adverse events were reported in 33 (59%) of 56 participants who received sepiapterin and 18 (33%) of 54 participants who received placebo. Most treatment-emergent adverse events were mild gastrointestinal events (11 [20%] of 56 participants who received sepiapterin and ten [19%] of 54 participants who received placebo) that resolved quickly. There were no deaths and no serious or severe adverse events. Sepiapterin is a promising oral therapy for individuals with phenylketonuria, was well tolerated, and resulted in significant and clinically meaningful reductions in blood Phe concentration in participants with varying disease severity. PTC Therapeutics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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205. Entrapment of dispersed pancreatic islet cells in CultiSpher-S macroporous gelatin microcarriers: Preparation, in vitro characterization, and microencapsulation

Author

Guerra, S. Del, Bracci, C., Nilsson, K., Belcourt, A., Kessler, L., Lupi, R., Marselli, L., Vos, P. De, and Marchetti, P.

Abstract

Immunoprotection of pancreatic islets for successful allo- or xenotransplantation without chronic immunosuppression is an attractive, but still elusive, approach for curing type 1 diabetes. It was recently shown that, even in the absence of fibrotic overgrowth, other factors, mainly insufficient nutrition to the core of the islets, represent a major barrier for long-term survival of intraperitoneal microencapsulated islet grafts. The use of dispersed cells might contribute to solve this problem due to the conceivably easier nutritional support to the cells. In the present study, purified bovine islets, prepared by collagenase digestion and density gradient purification, and dispersed bovine islet cells, obtained by trypsin and DNAsi (viability > 90%), were entrapped into either 2% (w/v) sodium alginate (commonly used for encapsulation purposes) or (dispersed islet cells only) macroporous gelatin microcarriers (CulthiSpher-S, commonly used for the production of biologicals by animal cells). Insulin release studies in response to glucose were performed within 1 week and after 1 month from preparation of the varying systems and showed no capability of dispersed bovine islet cells within sodium alginate microcapsules to sense glucose concentration changes. On the contrary, bovine islet cells entrapped in CulthiSpher-S microcarriers showed maintained capacity of increasing insulin secretion upon enhanced glucose concentration challenge. In this case, insulin release was approximately 60% of that from intact bovine islets within sodium alginate microcapsules. MTT and hematoxylineosin staining of islet cell-containing microcarriers showed the presence of viable and metabolically active cells throughout the study period. This encouraging functional data prompted us to test whether the microcarriers could be immunoisolated for potential use in transplantation. The microcarriers were embedded within 3% sodium alginate, which was then covered with a poly-L-lysine layer and a final outer alginate layer. Maintained insulin secretion function of this system was observed, which raises the possibility of using microencapsulated CulthiSpher-S microcarriers, containing dispersed pancreatic islet cells, in experimental transplantation studies. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 75: 741–744, 2001.

Published
2001
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208. Effects of prolonged exposure to pancreatic glucagon on the function, antigenicity and survival of isolated human islets

Author

Guerra, S. Del, Lupi, R., Dotta, F., Marselli, L., Lencioni, C., Santangelo, C., Realacci, M., Carmellini, M., Mosca, F., Navalesi, R., and Marchetti, P.

Abstract

Certain clinical conditions are associated with inappropriately high levels of circulating glucagon. To date, little information is available about the direct effects of prolonged exposure of human islet cells to pancreatic glucagon. In the present study we evaluated the function, antigenicity and survival of human islets exposed for 24 h to human pancreatic glucagon. We prepared human islets of Langerhans by collagenase digestion and density-gradient purification, incubated them for 24 h with 44 or 430 pmol/l pancreatic glucagon at physiological (5.5 mmol/l) glucose level, and evaluated their insulin release function, which was then compared with that obtained from islets kept at high (11.1 mmol/l) glucose concentration. In addition, aliquots of the islets were evaluated to assess their chemotactic properties towards human monocyte-macrophage cells, and their potency to induce cytokine release from human lymphocytes. Finally, survival of the islet cells cultured under varying conditions was evaluated, and an assessment was performed of mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins. The insulin secretion results demonstrated that, compared to the control islets, the islets previously exposed to either 44 or 430 pmol/l glucagon exhibited changes in insulin release in response to glucose, consisting of augmented secretion at low glucose challenge, and no further significant increase at high glucose stimulation, similar to the effects observed with islets pre-cultured with high glucose. These effects were reversible, as documented by the recovery of normal islet sensitivity to glucose after an additional 24-h culture in medium lacking glucagon. Compared to control islets, the culture medium from islets pre-cultured with high glucagon or high glucose showed an increased chemotactic potency towards human monocyte-macrophage cells. In addition, human lymphocytes released a greater amount of tumour necrosis factor alpha when co-cultured with the islets pre-exposed to high glucagon or high glucose, whereas no significant difference was observed (in comparison with control islets) as regards the release of gamma-interferon, interleukin-2 and interleukin-10. The TUNEL technique and RT-PCR showed, respectively, no major difference in cell survival and expression of mRNA encoding for Bcl-2 and Bax protein between control islets and islets kept for 24 h in the presence of high glucagon or high glucose. Our results show that in vitro exposure of human islets to pancreatic glucagon for 24 h causes changes in the function and antigenicity of isolated human islets that are similar to the changes observed after pre-culture with increased glucose levels. Under our experimental conditions, these changes were not accompanied by any evidence of cytotoxicity. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2000

215. Five-year follow-up of percutaneous ethanol injection for the treatment of hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules: a study of 117 patients

Author

Monzani, F., Caraccio, N., Goletti, O., Lippolis, P.V., Casolaro, A., Guerra, P. del, Cavina, E., and Miccoli, P.

Abstract

Percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) has been suggested as an alternative to radioiodine and surgery for the treatment of autonomous thyroid nodules (ATN).
OBJECTIVE In this study we have defined the long-term efficacy and safety of PEI for the treatment of ATN, and we have attempted to optimize the clinical usefulness and improve the technical approach to PEI treatment.
PATIENTS One hundred and seventeen patients with ATN, 26 males and 91 females, aged 48±12.9 years (mean±SD), were offered PEI when other established treatments were refused or contraindicated. Seventy-seven patients were affected by toxic adenoma (60 with a single nodule, 17 with a multinodular goitre); 40 patients suffered from a pretoxic single nodule.
METHODS Sterile 95% ethanol was administered weekly under sonographic control by a 20-22 gauge needle without anaesthesia or pharmacological sedation. During PEI treatment, 26 toxic elderly patients were treated with methimazole and propranolol. According to hormone and scintigraphic data, three possible outcomes were identified for statistical analysis: failure (persistent suppression of extra-nodular tissue uptake, along with elevated free T4 (FT4) and free T3 (FT3) and undetectable TSH levels); partial cure (normalization of FT4 and FT3 levels, with low/undetectable TSH levels; persistent suppression of extra-nodular uptake); complete cure (normal thyroid hormone and TSH levels; restored extra-nodular uptake).
RESULTS The patients were followed for up to 5 years (median 2.5). PEI therapy was well tolerated by all patients. Complete cure was achieved in all pretoxic patients and in 60 (77.9%) patients with toxic adenoma, while partial cure was observed in 7 cases (9.1%) and failure in 10 (13%). PEI treatment proved similarly effective in toxic patients with a single nodule or with multinodular goitre (87 vs 88.2%, respectively). At the end of treatment, a significant shrinkage of nodule volume was observed in all patients (P=0.0001). Toxic patients with pre-treatment volume >40 ml (n=8) did not show a significant difference in treatment response rate as compared to those with volume &lt;40 ml. Recurrence of hyperthyroidism was never observed during follow-up, independently of thyroid status before treatment. Only one patient with significant thyroid autoantibody serum levels before PEI treatment, developed subclinical hypothyroidism at 3 years. The administration of methimazole and/or propranolol did not modify PEI outcome.
CONCLUSION Our data confirm the efficacy and safety of percutaneous ethanol injection for the therapy of autonomous thyroid nodules. The very low incidence of hypothyroidism along with the absence of recurrence of hyperthyroidism suggests that percutaneous ethanol injection is the treatment of choice in patients with pretoxic thyroid adenoma. Percutaneous ethanol injection appears an effective alternative procedure in toxic patients with a high surgical risk even if they have large nodules, and in younger ones in whom radioiodine is contraindicated. Patients may be submitted to anti-thyroid drug and/or beta-blocker therapy if it is necessary, but this does not affect percutaneous ethanol injection treatment outcome. Finally, not only single autonomous thyroid nodules but also toxic multinodular goitre may be successfully treated by percutaneous ethanol injection.

Published
1997
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219. Sudden and persistent dysphonia within the framework of COVID-19: The case report of a nurse

Author

Buselli, Rodolfo, Corsi, Martina, Necciari, Gabriele, Pistolesi, Piero, Baldanzi, Sigrid, Chiumiento, Martina, Del Lupo, Elena, Guerra, Paolo Del, and Cristaudo, Alfonso

Abstract

In December 2019, clusters of atypical pneumonia with unknown etiology emerged in the city of Wuhan in China. In early January 2020, the Center for Disease Control in China announced that it was identified a new coronavirus, first tentatively named 2019-nCoV and officially named SARS-CoV-2 by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. On February 11, 2020 the WHO identified the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 as COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease-19 based on the year of appearance). Although only a few months have passed since the beginning of this pandemic, numerous studies, case reports, reviews by leading international scientific and medical journals have been published. However, given the unpredictability of virus behaviour and the still limited knowledge about it, many aspects of the infection are still little known. A recent epidemiological study has shown the presence of dysphonia in some patients with COVID-19, with a minority reporting aphonia during the clinical course of the disease. This case study draws attention on a 50-year-old female nurse presented with a history of fatigue resulting from minor exertion and persistent dysphonia at the Occupational Health Department of a major University Hospital in central Italy. The patient had a history of COVID-19 infection, which lasted about two months with pulmonary and extrapulmonary symptoms. After two RT-PCR negativities for SARS-CoV-2, dysphonia and fatigue due to minor exertionpersisted. The patient, following the persistence of the symptomatology, was subject to numerous specialist examinations, which showed no organic alterations. Based on her clinical and instrumental history, we hypothesized a psychogenetic dysphonia related to COVID-19. This case report highlights the importance of personalized medicine with long-term follow-up and rubustpsychological support in patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and in particular in the categories at greatest risk of both contagion and adverse physical and mental outcomes like health care workers.

Published
2020
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226. Effects of glibenclamide and metformin (alone or in combination) on insulin release from isolated human pancreatic islets.

Author

Lupi, R., Marchetti, P., Giannarelli, R., Coppelli, A., Tellini, C., Guerra, S. Del, Lorenzetti, M., Carmellini, M., Mosca, F., and Navalesi, R.

Abstract

Isolated human pancreatic islets were prepared by collagenase digestion and density gradient purification, and the effects of glibenclamide (0.5 and 5.0 µmol/l) and metformin (20 and 200 µmol/l), alone or in combination, on insulin release were evaluated at varying glucose concentrations. At 3.3 mmol/l glucose level, the addition of 5.0 µmol/l glibenclamide or 5.0 µmol/l glibenclamide plus 200 µmol/l metformin caused a significant increase of insulin release, compared with glucose alone. At 16.7 mmol/l glucose concentration, a significant increase of insulin secretion, compared with glucose alone, was produced by the addition of either 5.0 µmol/l glibenclamide, 200 µmol/l metformin, or both 5.0 µmol/l glibenclamide and 200 µmol/l metformin. The effect of the combination of the two drugs was significantly higher than that with either drug used alone. Thus, glibenclamide was shown to have an insulinotropic effect on human islets at both low and high glucose concentrations, and metformin at high glucose concentrations. A possible synergistic effect of glibenclamide and metformin at high glucose concentrations is also suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1997
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228. Ion charge separation with new generation of nuclear emulsion films

Author

Montesi, M. C., Lauria, A., Alexandrov, A., Solestizi, L. Alunni, Giovanni, Ambrosi, Argirò, S., Diaz, R. Arteche, Bartosik, N., Battistoni, G., Belcari, N., Bellinzona, E., Bianucci, S., Biondi, S., Bisogni, M. G., Bruni, G., Camarlinghi, N., Carra, P., Cerello, P., Ciarrocchi, E., Clozza, A., Colombi, S., Guerra, A. Del, Simoni, M. De, Crescenzo, A. Di, Donetti, M., Dong, Y., Durante, M., Embriaco, A., Emde, M., Faccini, R., Ferrero, V., Ferroni, F., Fiandrini, E., Finck, C., Fiorina, E., Fischetti, M., Francesconi, M., Franchini, M., Galati, G., Galli, L., Garbini, M., Gentile, V., Giraudo, G., Hetzel, R., Iarocci, E., Ionica, M., Kanxheri, K., Kraan, A. C., Lante, V., Tessa, C. La, Torres, E. Lopez, Marafini, M., Mattei, I., Mengarelli, A., Mirabelli, R., Moggi, A., Morone, M. C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Narici, L., Pastore, A., Pastrone, N., Patera, V., Pennazio, F., Placidi, P., Pullia, M., Raffaelli, F., Ramello, L., Ridolfi, R., Rosso, V., Rovituso, M., Sanelli, C., Sarti, A., Sartorelli, G., Sato, O., Scavarda, L., Savazzi, S., Schiavi, A., Schuy, C., Scifoni, E., Sciubba, A., Sécher, A., Selvi, M., Servoli, L., Silvestre, G., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spiriti, E., Sportelli, G., Stahl, A., Tioukov, V., Tomassini, S., Tommasino, F., Traini, G., Valle, S. M., Vanstalle, M., Villa, M., Weber, U., Zoccoli, A., and Lellis, G. De

Subjects
7. Clean energy
Abstract

Open physics 17(1), 233 - 240 (2019). doi:10.1515/phys-2019-0024, Published by de Gruyter, Berlin

229. Caso: estrategia de comunicación para universidades

Author

Llatas Rivas, Ángel Eduardo, Maluquiz García, Wilder Omar, Miranda Guerra, María del Pilar, Oliveros Leon, Marco Andrés, Llatas Rivas, Ángel Eduardo, Maluquiz García, Wilder Omar, Miranda Guerra, María del Pilar, and Oliveros Leon, Marco Andrés

Abstract

El caso Estrategia de Comunicación para Universidades relata el reto que debe asumir Kimberly Malca, recientemente designada Directora de Marketing de una universidad privada ubicada en el norte del país; ella asume el cargo enfrentándose a un escenario bastante complicado, puesto que la estrategia de comunicación no ha sido renovada en los últimos siete años y el sector de universidades en la región ha evolucionado drásticamente con entrada al mercado de nuevos competidores, que le han quitado participación de mercado a la Universidad. El crecimiento registrado es de 300% en los últimos 17 años en la región. La universidad se presenta como una entidad que evidencia mejora en los procesos académicos y de aprendizaje, ha sido calificada como la mejor universidad de la región; sin embargo, en el periodo en el cual Kimberly asume la dirección, esta no cumple con la meta estipulada de ingresantes. Es bajo esta coyuntura, que el caso plantea un escenario adverso que la protagonista debe enfrentar para sacar adelante el siguiente proceso de convocatoria de la institución. El caso presenta distintos personajes con los cuales Kimberly debe interactuar y de los cuales ella recibe información que será de utilidad. En su primera reunión de directorio, directores de otras áreas le indican que Marketing siempre pide extensiones de presupuesto, que a pesar de la mejora en el nivel académico de la institución, cada vez tienen menos interesados, una aliada que encuentra Kimberly será la directora de Admisión, quién le brinda información relevante sobre los canales de comunicación por los cuales los ingresantes se informaron sobre universidades, datos de procedencia de los mismos estudiantes y personas que influyeron al momento de decidir por una casa de estudios universitaria. . Además de la coyuntura del momento, Kimberly recibe un equipo de trabajo que no está acostumbrado a innovar, es preso de la inercia y no se analiza la evolución del sector y del mercado objetivo, el trabajo, Tesis

230. La construcción de la resiliencia en docentes de educación básica

Author

Vilca Guerra, Milagros del Carmen and Vilca Guerra, Milagros del Carmen

Abstract

La presente investigación nace de la necesidad de querer conocer cómo se construye la resiliencia en los docentes, teniendo en cuenta que esta es una capacidad muy importante para ellos, porque les permite reconocerse descubriendo habilidades, potencialidades y límites que los construyen como seres íntegros, lo cual les permite afrontar situaciones adversas en los diversos escenarios en los que se desenvuelven. El problema de investigación busca responder la pregunta ¿Cómo se construye la resiliencia en los docentes de educación básica? A raíz de ello, se planteó, como objetivo explicar el proceso de la construcción de la resiliencia en maestros de educación básica; para ello, fue necesario emplear una metodología cualitativa y documental que consistió en recoger información relevante de diversas fuentes, a fin de obtener datos importantes que permitieron analizar, con mayor profundidad, el tema escogido. Se concluye que la resiliencia es una capacidad propia de todo ser humano que se encuentra de manera intrínseca en él, que va en proceso de formación desde el momento de la concepción y que se va desarrollando con el paso de los años. Asimismo, existen diversos factores que juegan un rol protagónico a la hora de desarrollarse, entre ellos destacan el entorno en donde se desenvuelve la persona, la familia en la que va creciendo y el contexto de trabajo. En este sentido, para que un docente pueda desarrollar su resiliencia, será necesario potenciar su entorno intelectual, social y organizacional en los que vive y labora (Day 2016)., The present research stems from the need of know how resilience is built in teachers, considering that this is an important capacity for them as it allows them to recognize themselves by discovering abilities, their potential and limits that build them as integral human beings, which allows them to face adverse situations in various scenarios where they operate. The research problem seeks to answer the question: How is resilience built in basic education teachers? As a result, the main objective was to explain the process of building resilience in basic education teachers; For this, it was necessary to use a qualitative and documentary review methodology that consisted of collecting relevant information from various sources, to obtain important data that allowed the chosen topic to be deeply analyzed. It is concluded that resilience is a capacity of every human being that is found intrinsically in them, that is in a constant process of formation from the moment of conception and that it is developed over the years. Likewise, there are several factors that play a leading role when it comes to development, such as the environment where the person develops, the family in which he grows up and the work context stand out. In this regard, for teachers to develop their resilience, it will be necessary to enhance their intellectual, social, and organizational environment in which they live and work (Day 2016).

231. La construcción de la resiliencia en docentes de educación básica

Author

Vilca Guerra, Milagros del Carmen and Vilca Guerra, Milagros del Carmen

Abstract

La presente investigación nace de la necesidad de querer conocer cómo se construye la resiliencia en los docentes, teniendo en cuenta que esta es una capacidad muy importante para ellos, porque les permite reconocerse descubriendo habilidades, potencialidades y límites que los construyen como seres íntegros, lo cual les permite afrontar situaciones adversas en los diversos escenarios en los que se desenvuelven. El problema de investigación busca responder la pregunta ¿Cómo se construye la resiliencia en los docentes de educación básica? A raíz de ello, se planteó, como objetivo explicar el proceso de la construcción de la resiliencia en maestros de educación básica; para ello, fue necesario emplear una metodología cualitativa y documental que consistió en recoger información relevante de diversas fuentes, a fin de obtener datos importantes que permitieron analizar, con mayor profundidad, el tema escogido. Se concluye que la resiliencia es una capacidad propia de todo ser humano que se encuentra de manera intrínseca en él, que va en proceso de formación desde el momento de la concepción y que se va desarrollando con el paso de los años. Asimismo, existen diversos factores que juegan un rol protagónico a la hora de desarrollarse, entre ellos destacan el entorno en donde se desenvuelve la persona, la familia en la que va creciendo y el contexto de trabajo. En este sentido, para que un docente pueda desarrollar su resiliencia, será necesario potenciar su entorno intelectual, social y organizacional en los que vive y labora (Day 2016)., The present research stems from the need of know how resilience is built in teachers, considering that this is an important capacity for them as it allows them to recognize themselves by discovering abilities, their potential and limits that build them as integral human beings, which allows them to face adverse situations in various scenarios where they operate. The research problem seeks to answer the question: How is resilience built in basic education teachers? As a result, the main objective was to explain the process of building resilience in basic education teachers; For this, it was necessary to use a qualitative and documentary review methodology that consisted of collecting relevant information from various sources, to obtain important data that allowed the chosen topic to be deeply analyzed. It is concluded that resilience is a capacity of every human being that is found intrinsically in them, that is in a constant process of formation from the moment of conception and that it is developed over the years. Likewise, there are several factors that play a leading role when it comes to development, such as the environment where the person develops, the family in which he grows up and the work context stand out. In this regard, for teachers to develop their resilience, it will be necessary to enhance their intellectual, social, and organizational environment in which they live and work (Day 2016).

232. Caso: estrategia de comunicación para universidades

Author

Llatas Rivas, Ángel Eduardo, Maluquiz García, Wilder Omar, Miranda Guerra, María del Pilar, Oliveros Leon, Marco Andrés, Llatas Rivas, Ángel Eduardo, Maluquiz García, Wilder Omar, Miranda Guerra, María del Pilar, and Oliveros Leon, Marco Andrés

Abstract

El caso Estrategia de Comunicación para Universidades relata el reto que debe asumir Kimberly Malca, recientemente designada Directora de Marketing de una universidad privada ubicada en el norte del país; ella asume el cargo enfrentándose a un escenario bastante complicado, puesto que la estrategia de comunicación no ha sido renovada en los últimos siete años y el sector de universidades en la región ha evolucionado drásticamente con entrada al mercado de nuevos competidores, que le han quitado participación de mercado a la Universidad. El crecimiento registrado es de 300% en los últimos 17 años en la región. La universidad se presenta como una entidad que evidencia mejora en los procesos académicos y de aprendizaje, ha sido calificada como la mejor universidad de la región; sin embargo, en el periodo en el cual Kimberly asume la dirección, esta no cumple con la meta estipulada de ingresantes. Es bajo esta coyuntura, que el caso plantea un escenario adverso que la protagonista debe enfrentar para sacar adelante el siguiente proceso de convocatoria de la institución. El caso presenta distintos personajes con los cuales Kimberly debe interactuar y de los cuales ella recibe información que será de utilidad. En su primera reunión de directorio, directores de otras áreas le indican que Marketing siempre pide extensiones de presupuesto, que a pesar de la mejora en el nivel académico de la institución, cada vez tienen menos interesados, una aliada que encuentra Kimberly será la directora de Admisión, quién le brinda información relevante sobre los canales de comunicación por los cuales los ingresantes se informaron sobre universidades, datos de procedencia de los mismos estudiantes y personas que influyeron al momento de decidir por una casa de estudios universitaria. . Además de la coyuntura del momento, Kimberly recibe un equipo de trabajo que no está acostumbrado a innovar, es preso de la inercia y no se analiza la evolución del sector y del mercado objetivo, el trabajo

236. Charge identification of fragments with the emulsion spectrometer of the FOOT experiment

Author

Galati Giuliana, Alexandrov Andrey, Alpat Behcet, Ambrosi Giovanni, Argirò Stefano, Diaz Raul Arteche, Bartosik Nazar, Battistoni Giuseppe, Belcari Nicola, Bellinzona Elettra, Biondi Silvia, Bisogni Maria Giuseppina, Bruni Graziano, Carra Pietro, Cerello Piergiorgio, Ciarrocchi Esther, Clozza Alberto, Colombi Sofia, Guerra Alberto Del, De Simoni Micol, Di Crescenzo Antonia, Di Ruzza Benedetto, Donetti Marco, Dong Yunsheng, Durante Marco, Faccini Riccardo, Ferrero Veronica, Fiandrini Emanuele, Finck Christian, Fiorina Elisa, Fischetti Marta, Francesconi Marco, Franchini Matteo, Franciosini Gaia, Galli Luca, Gentile Valerio, Giraudo Giuseppe, Hetzel Ronja, Iarocci Enzo, Ionica Maria, Iuliano Antonio, Kanxheri Keida, Kraan Aafke Christine, Lante Valeria, La Tessa Chiara, Laurenza Martina, Lauria Adele, Torres Ernesto Lopez, Marafini Michela, Massimi Cristian, Mattei Ilaria, Mengarelli Alberto, Moggi Andrea, Montesi Maria Cristina, Morone Maria Cristina, Morrocchi Matteo, Muraro Silvia, Murtas Federica, Pastore Alessandra, Pastrone Nadia, Patera Vincenzo, Pennazio Francesco, Placidi Pisana, Pullia Marco, Raffaelli Fabrizio, Ramello Luciano, Ridolfi Riccardo, Rosso Valeria, Sanelli Claudio, Sarti Alessio, Sartorelli Gabriella, Sato Osamu, Savazzi Simone, Scavarda Lorenzo, Schiavi Angelo, Schuy Christoph, Scifoni Emanuele, Sciubba Adalberto, Sécher Alexandre, Selvi Marco, Servoli Leonello, Silvestre Gianluigi, Sitta Mario, Spighi Roberto, Spiriti Eleuterio, Sportelli Giancarlo, Stahl Achim, Tioukov Valeri, Tomassini Sandro, Tommasino Francesco, Toppi Marco, Traini Giacomo, Valle Serena Marta, Vanstalle Marie, Villa Mauro, Weber Ulrich, Zarrella Roberto, Zoccoli Antonio, and De Lellis Giovanni

Subjects
particle therapy, nuclear emulsion, fragmentation, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) experiment is an international project designed to carry out the fragmentation cross-sectional measurements relevant for charged particle therapy (CPT), a technique based on the use of charged particle beams for the treatment of deep-seated tumors. The FOOT detector consists of an electronic setup for the identification of Z≥3Z\ge 3 fragments and an emulsion spectrometer for Z≤3Z\le 3 fragments. The first data taking was performed in 2019 at the GSI facility (Darmstadt, Germany). In this study, the charge identification of fragments induced by exposing an emulsion detector, embedding a C2H4{{\rm{C}}}_{2}{{\rm{H}}}_{4} target, to an oxygen ion beam of 200 MeV/n is discussed. The charge identification is based on the controlled fading of nuclear emulsions in order to extend their dynamic range in the ionization response.

Published
2021
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244. A full Monte Carlo simulation of the YAP-PEM prototype for breast tumor detection

Author

Motta, A., Righi, S., Guerra, A. Del, Belcari, N., Vaiano, A., Domenico, G. Di, Zavattini, G., Campanini, R., Lanconelli, N., and Riccardi, A.

Subjects
*BREAST cancer, *MONTE Carlo method, *MAMMOGRAMS, *SIMULATION methods & models
Abstract

A prototype for Positron Emission Mammography, the YAP-PEM, is under development within a collaboration of the Italian Universities of Pisa, Ferrara, and Bologna. The aim is to detect breast lesions, with dimensions of 5 mm in diameter, and with a specific activity ratio of 10:1 between the cancer and breast tissue. The YAP-PEM is composed of two stationary detection heads of 6×6 cm2, composed of a matrix of 30×30 YAP:Ce finger crystals of 2×2×30 mm3 each. The EGSnrc Monte Carlo code has been used to simulate several characteristics of the prototype. A fast EM algorithm has been adapted to reconstruct all of the collected lines of flight, also at large incidence angles, by achieving 3D positioning capability of the lesion in the FOV. The role of the breast compression has been studied. The performed study shows that a 5 mm diameter tumor of 37 kBq/cm3 (1 μCi/cm3), embedded in active breast tissue with 10:1 tumor/background specific activity ratio, is detected in 10 min with a Signal-to-Noise Ratio of 8.7±1.0. Two hot lesions in the active breast phantom are clearly visible in the reconstructed image. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2004
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245. High-gain bipolar detector on float-zone silicon

Author

Han, D.J., Batignani, G., Guerra, A. Del, Dalla Betta, G.-F., Boscardin, M., Bosisio, L., Giorgi, M., and Forti, F.

Subjects
*DETECTORS, *SEMICONDUCTOR diodes, *SILICON
Abstract

Since the float-zone (FZ) silicon has lower contaminations and longer minority-carrier lifetime than those in Czochralski silicon and other semiconductor materials, it has potential advantages to fabricate bipolar detectors on the high-purity FZ silicon substrate to achieve a high gain at ultra-low-signal levels. The authors present preliminary experimental results on a bipolar detector fabricated on an unusual high-purity FZ silicon substrate. A backside gettering layer of phosphorus-doped polysilicon was employed to preserve the long carrier lifetime of the high-purity FZ silicon. The device has been investigated in the detection of a continuous flux of X-ray and infrared light. The bipolar detector with a circular emitter of 2 mm diameter has demonstrated high gains up to 3820 for 22 keV X-ray from a 1 mCi Cd radioactive source (the X-ray photon flux, received by the detector is estimated to be ∼7.77×104/s). High gain up to 4400 for 0.17 nW light with a wavelength of 0.83 μm has been observed for the same device. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2003
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246. Obtención y caracterización de compuestos bioactivos procedentes de tubérculos andinos y de subproductos de la industria agroalimentaria

Author

Pacheco Tigselema, María Teresa, Moreno Andújar, Francisco Javier, Villamiel Guerra, María del Mar, UAM. Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Moreno Andújar, Francisco Javier (dir.), and Villamiel Guerra, María del Mar (dir.)

Subjects
Compuestos bioactivos vegetales - Tesis doctorales, Física, Química
Abstract

Tesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química-Física Aplicada. Fecha de lectura: 06-05-2019, Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 06-11-2020, Este trabajo se ha enfocado en la obtención y caracterización de compuestos bioactivos procedentes de tubérculos andinos y de subproductos de la industria agroalimentaria. El yacón destacó por su alto contenido de fructooligosacáridos y compuestos fenólicos; la mashua y el melloco presentaron una alta concentración de carotenos y vitamina C, mientras que la zanahoria blanca mostró el mayor rendimiento de almidón, y el camote morado un elevado contenido de almidón rico en amilosa. Los extractos metanólicos de los tubérculos revelaron la presencia de flavonoles, derivados hidroxicinámicos, flavan- 3-oles, flavanoles y antocianos, con importantes propiedades antioxidantes. Los almidones de mashua y melloco mostraron mayor capacidad estabilizante y mejores propiedades reológicas que el almidón de patata, resultado atribuido principalmente a su contenido de amilosa y mayor tamaño de partícula. El método enzimático para la extracción de pectina a partir del subproducto de remolacha azucarera ensilado permitió obtener pectina de alto contenido en ácido galacturónico, mientras que el método ácido facilitó la extracción de pectina con mayor rendimiento y estabilidad en solución acuosa e índice de actividad emulsionante. Los subproductos de la extracción de zumo de naranja también mostraron diferente composición química como resultado del proceso aplicado en la industria. Mediante ensayos in vivo realizados con ratones a los que se había inducido la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, se observó una menor severidad en la sintomatología y mejores indicadores bioquímicos tras el consumo del residuo fresco, pienso y pectina cítrica. Dichos efectos podrían estar relacionados con el contenido en fenoles, ácido galacturónico y N-ε-fructosil-lisina. Este es el primer estudio de caracterización y aprovechamiento de tubérculos andinos inexplorados y subproductos industriales de remolacha azucarera y naranja. Los resultados obtenidos representan un aporte valioso para su uso como fuentes de compuestos bioactivos no convencionales, promoviendo el crecimiento de pequeños agricultores y contribuyendo al desarrollo sostenible dentro de los nuevos retos sobre la alimentación para las próximas décadas., This work has focused on the obtainment and characterization of bioactive compounds from Andean tubers and by-products of the agri-food industry. The yacon stood out for its high content of fructooligosaccharides and phenolic compounds; mashua and melloco showed a high concentration of carotenes and vitamin C, while white carrot showed the highest starch yield, and purple sweet potato exhibited a high content of starch rich in amylose. The methanolic extracts of the tubers revealed the presence of flavonols, hydroxycinnamic derivatives, flavan-3-ols, flavanols and anthocyanins, with important antioxidant properties. The starches of mashua and melloco showed greater stabilizing capacity and better rheological properties than potato starch, a result attributed mainly to their amylose content and larger particle size. The enzymatic method for extracting pectin from the silage sugar beet by-product was useful to obtain pectin with a high galacturonic acid content, while the acid method facilitated the extraction of pectin with higher yield and stability in aqueous solution and emulsifying activity index. The byproducts of the extraction of orange juice also showed different chemical composition as a result of the process applied in the industry. By means of in vivo tests carried out in mice, with induced inflammatory bowel disease, a lower severity of symptoms and better biochemical indicators were observed after the consumption of fresh residue, animal feed and citrus pectin. These effects could be related to the content of phenols, galacturonic acid and N-ε-fructosyl-lysine. This is the first study of characterization and exploitation of unexplored Andean tubers and industrial by-products of sugar beet and orange. The results obtained represent a valuable contribution for their use as sources of non-conventional bioactive compounds, promoting the progress of small farmers, and contributing to sustainable development, inside the new challenges on food for the coming decades.

Published
2019

247. Riesgo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en estudiantes de Enfermería. Montería, 2022

Author

Lara Castillo, Isleny Paola, Rodríguez Solano, María Camila, Baquero Humanez, Wilmer De Jesús, Pérez Villalba, Wilson Antonio, and Herrera Guerra, Eugenia Del Pilar

Subjects
Bulimia Nerviosa, Conducta alimentaria, Eating Disorders, Alimentación, Nursing, Diet, Estudiantes, Nutrición, Food, Enfermería, Dieta, Students, Bulimia Nervosa, Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria, Eating Behavior, Nutrition
Abstract

El ambiente universitario representa una sucesión de cambios para la vida de los estudiantes, lo cual favorece a la vulnerabilidad para adquirir conductas alimentarias de riesgo que pueden desarrollar un TCA. Introducción ...................................................................................................................... 13 1. Objetivos .......................................................................................................................... 16 1.1 Objetivo general ........................................................................................................ 16 1.2 Objetivos específicos ............................................................................................ 16 2. Marco referencial ....................................................................................................... 17 2.1 Antecedentes históricos ..................................................................................... 17 2.2 Antecedentes investigativos .......................................................................... 18 2.3 Marco teórico ............................................................................................................ 22 2.3.1 Alimentación y nutrición del adulto joven ........................................ 22 2.3.2 Valoración del estado nutricional en el adulto joven ................ 23 2.3.3 Conductas alimentarias de riesgo ......................................................... 25 2.3.4 Factores asociados al riesgo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria ........ 26 2.3.5 Modelos explicativos de riesgo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria .... 27 2.3.6 Trastornos de la conducta alimentaria ............................................... 29 2.3.6.1 Pica ........................................................................................................................... 30 2.3.6.2 Trastorno de rumiación ............................................................................. 30 2.3.6.3 Trastorno de evitación/restricción de la ingestión de alimentos ...................... 30 2.3.6.4 Anorexia nerviosa (AN) ................................................................................ 31 2.3.6.5 Bulimia nerviosa (BN) .................................................................................. 31 2.3.6.6 Trastornos por atracones (TA) ................................................................. 31 2.4 Marco conceptual ................................................................................................. 32 2.5 Marco legal ................................................................................................................. 33 3. Diseño metodológico ............................................................................................ 37 3.1 Tipo de estudio ......................................................................................................... 37 3.2 Escenario de estudio .......................................................................................... 38 3.3 Población .................................................................................................................... 38 3.4 Criterios de inclusión .......................................................................................... 39 3.5 Criterios de exclusión ......................................................................................... 39 3.6 Recolección de la información .................................................................... 39 3.6.1 Metodología para desarrollo del primer objetivo específico .................................. 40 3.6.2 Metodología para desarrollo del segundo objetivo específico ............................ 40 3.6.3 Metodología para desarrollo del tercer objetivo específico ................................... 40 3.6.4 Eating attitudes test (EAT – 26) ................................................................ 41 3.7 Procesamiento y análisis de los datos .................................................... 42 3.8 Aspectos éticos ...................................................................................................... 42 3.8.2 Riesgo ético .......................................................................................................... 43 3.8.3 Consentimiento informado ....................................................................... 43 4. Resultados ................................................................................................................... 44 4.1 Características sociodemográficas de los estudiantes de enfermería de primer año .......................................................................................................................................... 44 4.2 Estado nutricional de los estudiantes de enfermería del primer año ............... 47 4.3 Conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR) en los estudiantes de enfermería de primer año .......................................................................................................................... 48 5. Conclusiones ............................................................................................................... 57 6. Recomendaciones .................................................................................................. 58 Bibliografía ........................................................................................................................ 59 Anexos .................................................................................................................................. 69 Pregrado Enfermero(a) Trabajos de Investigación y/o Extensión

Published
2023

248. Behaviour of adult sea trout Salmo trutta that survive or die at sea.

Author

Kristensen, Martin Lykke, Righton, David, Villar-Guerra, Diego del, Baktoft, Henrik, and Aarestrup, Kim

Subjects
*SEA trout, *SALMONIDAE, *DATA warehousing, *WATER depth, *SEAS, *FISHERIES, *SEA birds
Abstract

We tagged 125 sea trout kelts (460–925 mm) in seven Danish rivers with positively buoyant DSTs. Fifty-three (42%) tags were recovered, enabling a comparison of behaviour in kelts that survived the marine period and kelts that did not. Data revealed an estimated mean survival time at sea of 14.3 days (range 1–65 days) for fish that died at sea. Fish that did not survive had lower weight/length ratios when tagged than survivors (P = 0.005) but exhibited a similar diel diving pattern while at sea. Both surviving and non-surviving fish gradually increased diving activity and the daily visited maximum depths after sea entry, but some performed fewer dives and resided in shallower depths than others. This difference was pronounced when comparing surviving fish (most active divers) with fish caught by anglers (least active divers). The results show that the first weeks at sea are critical for kelt survival and that physical status of kelts may affect behaviour and probability of survival. The preference for shallower waters and less diving activity in some individuals indicate that coastally based fisheries and recreational angling may select against specific behavioural phenotypes which should be investigated more intensively. Image 1 • Sea trout (Salmo trutta) kelts were studied with a novel type of data storage tag. • Mortality was high in the first three weeks after sea entry. • Non-surviving fish had lower weight/length ratios when tagged than surviving fish. • Surviving fish performed more frequent foraging dives than non-surviving fish. • Angling from the coast could select against specific phenotypes in sea trout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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249. Adherencia al tratamiento en personas inscritas en un programa de control de hipertensión arterial en una institución de salud de Montería-Córdoba, 2022

Author

Hernández Gómez, Amelia, Madarriaga Burgos, Nathalia, and Herrera Guerra, Eugenia Del Pilar

Subjects
Tratamiento farmacológico, Enfermedad crónica, Hipertensión, Cumplimiento y adherencia al tratamiento, Hypertension, Compliance and adherence to treatment, Enfermería cardiovascular, Pharmacological treatment, Chronic disease, Cardiovascular nursing
Abstract

La finalidad es evaluar la adherencia al tratamiento en personas inscritas en un programa de control de hipertensión arterial en una Institución Prestadora de Salud de Montería Córdoba. Es un estudio descriptivo transversal con enfoque cuantitativo. Del total de la población total (N=8.686) se tomó una muestra de 368 adultos con diagnóstico de hipertensión arterial, a quienes se les aplicó el instrumento Treatment Adherence Questionnaire for Patients with Hypertension versión en español Colombia. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando la estadística descriptiva. INTRODUCCIÓN ....................13 1. OBJETIVOS.......................18 1.1 GENERAL ...........................18 1.2 ESPECÍFICOS ...............................18 2. MARCO DE REFERENCIA...............................19 2.1 ANTECEDENTES HISTÓRICOS....................19 2.2 ANTECEDENTES INVESTIGATIVOS...........................20 2.3 MARCO TEÓRICO.........................29 2.3.1 Hipertensión arterial……………………………………………………… 29 2.3.2 Tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial…………………………………. 29 2.3.3 Tratamiento farmacológico para el control de la hipertensión arterial……………………………………………………………………………….. 29 2.3.4 Adherencia al tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial………………….30 2.3.5 Programa de control de hipertensión arterial………………………….. 31 2.3.6 Teoría salutogénica y la adherencia al tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial……………………………………………………………………………….. 31 2.3.7 Teoría Salutogénica……………………………………………………… 31 2.3.8 La Teoría Salutogénica y la adherencia al tratamiento de la Hipertensión Arterial……………………………………………………………….. 33 2.4 MARCO CONCEPTUAL.................................33 2.4.1 Enfermedad crónica……………………………………………………… 33 2.4.2 Hipertensión Arterial……………………………………………………… 34 2.4.3 Tratamiento farmacológico para el control de la hipertensión arterial……………………………………………………………………………….. 34 2.4.4 Tratamiento no farmacológico para el control de la hipertensión arterial……………………………………………………………………………….. 34 2.4.5 Adherencia al tratamiento……………………………………………….. 35 2.5 MARCO LEGAL.............35 3. DISEÑO METODOLÓGICO ................................39 3.1 TIPO DE ESTUDIO.........................39 3.2 ESCENARIO DE ESTUDIO..............................39 3.3 POBLACIÓN ...................39 3.4 MUESTRA..............................................40 3.4.2 Tipo de muestreo...............................40 3.4.3 Selección de la muestra.........................................41 3.5 CRITERIOS DE INCLUSIÓN..................41 3.6 CRITERIOS DE EXCLUSIÓN...............................41 3.7 RECOLECCIÓN DE LA INFORMACIÓN................................41 3.7.1 Cuestionario de características sociodemográficas y clínicas de la muestra……………………………………………………………………………… 42 3.7.2 Cuestionario adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes con hipertensión arterial………………………………………………………………………………. 42 3.8 ANÁLISIS DE LOS DATOS...........................43 3.9 ASPECTOS ÉTICOS.........................43 3.9.1 Principios éticos…………………………………………………………. 43 3.9.2 Tipo de riesgo…………………………………………………………….. 44 3.9.3 Consentimiento informado……………………………………………… 44 4. ANÁLISIS Y DISCUSIÓN DE RESULTADOS.............................45 4.1 CARACTERÍSTICAS SOCIODEMOGRÁFICAS DE LA MUESTRA...................................45 4.2 CARACTERÍSTICAS CLÍNICAS DE LA MUESTRA .....................................46 4.3 NIVEL DE ADHERENCIA AL TRATAMIENTO FARMACOLÓGICO Y NO FARMACOLÓGICO EN PERSONAS CON HTA SUJETOS DE ESTUDIO..................................50 4.4 ADHERENCIA AL TRATAMIENTO FARMACOLÓGICO..............................51 4.5 ADHERENCIA AL TRATAMIENTO NO FARMACOLÓGICO..........................53 4.5.1 Dieta………………………………………………………………………. 53 4.5.2 Control de estimulantes…………………………………………………. 55 4.5.3 Ejercicio…………………………………………………………………… 56 .5.4 Control de peso………………………………………………………….. 57 4.5.5 Manejo del estrés………………………………………………………… 58 CONCLUSIONES.................................60 RECOMENDACIONES...................................61 BIBLIOGRAFÍA.........................................63 ANEXOS.........................................71 Pregrado Enfermero(a) Trabajos de Investigación y/o Extensión

Published
2022

250. Ansiedad en profesionales de enfermería de primera línea en tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19, 2021

Author

Cortés Arcia, Daniela, Mercado Guzmán, Orlando Jesús, Herrera Guerra, Eugenia del Pilar, and Sánchez Caraballo, Álvaro Antonio

Subjects
Front line staff, Ansiedad, Pandemia, Pandemic, COVID-19, Enfermería, Personal de primera línea, Nursing, Anxiety
Abstract

Objective: to evaluate the levels of anxiety that the front-line nursing staff of a tertiary care health service provider institution have, in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: cross-sectional descriptive quantitative study of correlational scope. The population consisted of 23 nursing professionals on the front line of care for patients with COVID-19, who completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory in its adaptation to Spanish. Data were analyzed using correlational descriptive statistics (Rho Spearman). In all phases of the study, the ethical research criteria were met. Results: the average age was 30 years (SD=4.99), 69.57% were women, 65.22% without postgraduate studies. The mild anxiety level prevailed (52.17%). The most frequent anxiety symptoms were those of an affective type such as nervousness (43%) and being scared (48%). It was found that the factors related to the level of anxiety were marital status (Spearman's Rho=0.49) and the perception of care for patients with COVID-19 (Spearman's Rho= -0.37). Conclusion: The findings of this research suggest that front-line nursing professionals have high levels of anxiety when they have an established loving bond and when they perceive care in a negative way (uncomfortable, dangerous), therefore the levels of anxiety could decrease by improving the perception of security in the provision of care, and with education on the subject of anxiety to guarantee monitoring of mental health in the work environment. INTRODUCCIÓN ....................13 1. OBJETIVOS....................17 1.1 GENERAL ....................17 1.2 ESPECÍFICOS 17 2. MARCO REFERENCIAL 18 2.1 ANTECEDENTES HISTÓRICOS 18 2.2ANTECEDENTES INVESTIGATIVOS 19 2.3 MARCO TEÓRICO 22 2.4 MARCO CONCEPTUAL 24 2.5 MARCO LEGAL 29 3. DISEÑO METODOLÓGICO 30 3.1 TIPO DE ESTUDIO 30 3.2 ESCENARIO DE ESTUDIO 31 3.3 POBLACIÓN 31 3.4 CRITERIOS DE INCLUSIÓN Y DE EXCLUSIÓN 31 3.5 RECOLECCIÓN DE LA INFORMACIÓN 32 3.6 ANÁLISIS DE LOS DATOS 35 3.7 ASPECTOS ÉTICOS Y LEGALES 36 4. ANÁLISIS DE LOS RESULTADOS 38 5. CONCLUSIONES 47 6. RECOMENDACIONES 48 BIBLIOGRAFÍA 50 ANEXOS 57 Objetivo: Evaluar los niveles de ansiedad que tiene el personal de enfermería de primera línea de una Institución Prestadora de Servicios de salud de tercer nivel de atención, en tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo descriptivo transversal de alcance correlacional. La población estuvo conformada por 23 profesionales de enfermería de primera línea de atención a pacientes con COVID-19, quienes diligenciaron el Inventario de ansiedad de Beck en su adaptación al español. Los datos se analizaron utilizando la estadística descriptiva correlacional (Rho Spearman). En todas las fases del estudio se cumplió con los criterios éticos de investigación. Resultados: El promedio de edad fue 30 años (DE=4.99) un 69.57% fueron mujeres, el 65.22% sin estudio posgradual. Predominó el nivel de ansiedad leve (52,17%). Los síntomas de ansiedad más frecuentes fueron los de tipo afectivo como nerviosismo (43%) y estar asustado (48%). Se encontró que los factores relacionados con el nivel de ansiedad fueron el estado civil (Rho de Spearman=0.49) y la percepción del cuidado a pacientes con COVID-19 (Rho de Spearman= -0.37).Conclusión: Los hallazgos de esta investigación, sugieren que los profesionales de enfermería de primera línea presentan elevados niveles de ansiedad cuando tienen un vínculo amoroso de pareja establecido y cuando perciben el cuidado de forma negativa (incomodo, peligroso), por ello los niveles de ansiedad podrían disminuir mejorando la percepción de seguridad en la prestación del cuidado, y con educación sobre el tema de ansiedad para garantizar el acompañamiento de la salud mental en el entorno laboral. Pregrado Enfermero(a) Trabajos de Investigación y/o Extensión

Published
2022

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