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Visible light-driven photocatalyst γ-Bi2MoO6 was prepared by a hydrothermal process, with stirring in the preparation process, and surfactant ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) addition in precursors. The obtained samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, technology electron microscopy, and ultraviolet–visible diffraction reflectance spectra. The obtained results suggest that the stirring and EDTA addition have one strong influence on the morphology. Meanwhile, the formation mechanism of γ-Bi2MoO6 with different morphologies was also discussed. The catalytic activation of γ-Bi2MoO6 photocatalysts was evaluated by methyl blue under visible light irradiation. It was found that the photocatalytic properties change largely with surfactant assistant.

Obesity is a complex health issue and it can cause many health and social problems. Previous studies reported that lipase is a main target for obesity treatment. We synthesized R-exo-2-norbornyl-N-n-butylcarbamate and S-exo-2-norbornyl-N-n-butylcarbamate as potential pseudomonas lipase inhibitors to probe the enantioselectivity of the enzyme and demonstrated that R-exo-2-norbornyl-N-n-butylcarbamate had better enzyme enantioselectivity, ki and the docking model with Pseudomonas species lipase in our previous studies. In this article, we reported the property of the Pseudomonas species lipase inhibitors, R-and S-endo-2-norbornyl-N-n-butylcarbamate and compared the docking models of these two compounds with R- and S-exo-2-norbornyl-N-n-butylcarbamates by AutoDock. We found that S-endo-2-norbornyl-N-n-butylcarbamate has the best enantioselectivity, ki and docking model and this study could provide useful information about enzyme enantioselectivity for the development of Pseudomonas species lipase inhibitors for obesity treatment.

A series of Sr2.4Y0.2Eu0.2V2O8:xNa+(yBa2+) and Sr2.4Y0.2Eu0.2V2O8:zNb5+(mP5+) phosphors are synthesized by solid-state reaction method and the photoluminescence (PL) properties are investigated. All phosphors exhibit bright red emission centered at ∼619 nm. Na+ and Ba2+, as the sensitizers for the luminescence of Eu3+, are found to improve significantly the PL intensity of these phosphors. For the Sr2.4Y0.2Eu0.2V2O8:xNa+(yBa2+) samples, the emission intensity increases with Na+(Ba2+) doping, and the strongest intensity is achieved in the case when x is 0.09 and y is 0.15. The introduction of Nb(P)O4 3− reduces the non-radiative energy transfer between neighboring VO4 3− and results in the energy transfer between VO4 3− and Eu3+, and eventually leads to the enhancement of Eu3+ emission. Comparing the doping effect of between Na and Ba, and the effect between Nb and P, respectively, it is found that both Na and P doping largely tend to improve the emission intensity. The relevant mechanisms have been discussed.

The kinetic studies and drug designs of butyrylcholinesterase play an important role in the development of Alzheimer’s disease therapeutics. In this research, automated docking studies were performed to provide useful insights into butyrylcholinesterase inhibition binding modes with designed 4-acyloxy-biphenyl-4′-N-butylcarbamates (compounds 1–8). Moreover, several significant linear correlations between experimental and calculated docking results are observed. Among compounds 1–7, compound 3, which exhibits the strongest hydrophobicity and has four carbonyl hydrogen bindings, shows the highest binding affinity (Ki = 1.4 μmol/L) with a binding energy of −7.99 kcal/mol. The observed linear correlation of experimental and calculated inhibition constants (Ki) indicates that the molecular docking results are reliable. Moreover, a good linear correlation is observed between calculated binding energies and experimental pKi. The experimental Hansch hydrophobicity constants (π values) are also correlated with the docked binding energy. This study reveals important correlations between butyrylcholinesterase experimental and docking results that contribute to the kinetic based identification of antagonists for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, these docked models provide important insights into a potential series of 4,4′-biphenol-based inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase.

Eu3+ and Ba2+ co-doped Sr4V2O9 samples are prepared via a hydrothermal method and the structure, morphology, and photoluminescence properties are investigated. Sr4V2O9 is composed of disperse nano-rods. However, with Eu3+ and Ba2+ co-doping, nano-rods begin agglomerated and extend outward from the center to form a flower-like structure. Photoluminescence measurement indicates that Ba2+ dopants greatly enhance the emission intensity, for example, the enhanced emission intensity reaches for 234% when Ba2+ content is 5% for Sr4V2O9:Eu3+ (10%),Ba2+ (x%). However, with Ba2+ increasing further, the emission intensity decreases for Sr4V2O9:Eu3+ (10%),Ba2+ (x%) and Sr4V2O9:Eu3+(15%),Ba2+ (x%) samples, which is ascribed to the quenching behaviors. Further, CIE coordinates of (0.666, 0.333) for Sr4V2O9:Eu3+ (15%),Ba2+ (8%) sample, very similar to the (0.665, 0.334) coordinates for the commercial red phosphor Y2O3S:Eu3+, can be obtained.

The appreciation and understanding of gas generation through processes is vital in biochemical education. In this work, an augmented reality tool is reported to depict the redox reaction between hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite solutions, two ubiquitous oxidizing agents, to create oxygen, a combustible gas. As it operates out of smartphones or tablets, students are able to conduct the exercise collaboratively, respond in a manner similar to an actual physical experiment, and able to depict the oxygen volume changes in relation to the volume of hydrogen peroxide of different concentrations used. The tool offers to help students acquire bench skills by limiting handing risks and to mitigate possible student anxiety on handling chemical materials and implements in the laboratory. The feedback received from Year 11 and 12 high school student participants in an outreach exercise indicate the overall effectiveness of this tool. © 2018 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 46(3):245–252, 2018.

The Y0.5−xGd0.35Eu0.15BixNbO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.30) and Y0.35Gd0.35Eu0.15Bi0.15Nb1−yPyO4 (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.20) phosphors have been synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction. For these Y0.5−xGd0.35Eu0.15BixNbO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.30) samples, the emission increases and then decreases with increasing Bi content, and the maximum emission is achieved when x is 0.18. As for the Y0.35Gd0.35Eu0.15Bi0.15Nb1−yPyO4 (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.20) samples, the emission and excitation intensities are both varied with the P doping content. The strongest intensity is obtained in the case of y = 0.15. These results indicate that the Bi dopant acts as one sensitizer and enhances the photoluminescence intensity. The introduction of PO43− also plays an important role in the photoluminescence properties of the investigated samples. The relevant mechanism has been also presented.

Wireless technologies and the growth of popularity of portable devices such as smartphones and tablets have created a variety of opportunities in the modern world. Wireless communications are changing the world because wireless devices are convenient, easy to use and can provide interconnectivity in virtually any place. Each day's people were obese with simplicity of their activities. So, we created “The development of wireless transmission for meteorological stations data logging”. This Project is a based on data storage and remote device for measuring rain rate. The aim of this project used to monitor and display rain rate data log from different type of sensors using Arduino or similar device wirelessly. The device gives many advantages to the user since they can monitor data logging anytime and anywhere. This project also consists of creating a storage where data being collected and will sort based on time recorded. Furthermore, this data is very useful for further study related to rain rate. For this project, we used this information to make relation between rain rate and satellite signal strength feedback. In conclusion, this device has been created and implemented that allows a better monitoring logging technique for the user.

Texture analysis of X-ray bone image using Laws' mask for direct evaluation of the bone quality has been popular. Nevertheless, detailed reliability evaluation of the system classification has been relatively unknown. In this study, we will examine the reliability of the Laws' mask system classification by using the confusion matrix approach. The precise detection system by using standard deviation statistical descriptor is supported by the true positive of 87.5% and true negative of 83.33%. In conclusion, the statistical analysis of the texture based osteoporosis detection system's reliability discloses a true potential in this detection technique. Nevertheless, future researches should include a larger image database to enhance the reliability of the results.

Solar radiation plays an important part in lunar surface thermal environment. The topographic effect was usually ignored in previous work, which might cause great uncertainties in surface temperature simulation. To better understand the surface temperatures of the craters at any time and on any location of the Moon, we simulated the effective solar irradiance and temperatures of the Banting crater as an example. In this work, we firstly constructed a three-dimensional Banting crater (16.4$^\circ$E, 26.6$^\circ$N) model based on the elevation data obtained from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter onboard Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), and then calculated the distribution of the effective solar irradiance at different local times. In addition, we calculated the distribution of percentage of illuminated area of the Banting-like craters at any day time and on all locations of the Moon. These results show that the craters located within 48.2$^\circ$N/S and at the time of 08:48–15:12 are illuminated without any self-shading, while that located at high latitudes or near to dawn/dusk endure different degrees of the self-shading effect. Finally, we simulated the temperatures of the Banting crater at different local times based on the surface radiation balance. Compared to the temperatures measured by Diviner aboard LRO, the results show that the simulated temperatures are well consistent with the Diviner observations, which verified our models and simulation results.

In this study, a multi-dimensional critical regulatory criteria and decision-making mechanism based on the scientific cognition of multi-dimensional attributes and characteristics of the water cycle was proposed. This system was functioned by deeply discriminating the nature-society binary characteristics of the five-dimensional characteristics of the water cycle system of the Haihe River Basin (water resources, economy, society, ecology, and environment) under the influence of high-intensity human activities and hydrological changes and by analyzing the organic interactive relationships between the five dimensions and their overall effect on the water cycle. A GDP calculation model was constructed in this study by adjusting the water environment for water resources, after which five-dimensional normalization objective functions were established for multi-objective analysis to carry out trade-off analysis of multi-dimensional regulatory indexes. In addition, synergetic theory, entropy theory and dissipation structure theory were introduced to construct an evaluation model for multi-dimensional regulatory schemes. A water cycle multi-dimensional critical overall regulatory model system was also established. This system consisted of a multi-objective macroeconomic model (DAMOS), water resource allocation model based on rules (ROWAS), evaluation model for WEDP (EMW) and multi-dimensional regulatory scheme evaluation model (SEAMUR) as the main body. To address the national demands faced by the Haihe River Basin as a result of combinatorial schemes for different hydrological series and water amounts diverted by the south-to-north water diversion project, this study adopted a hierarchy progression method to set up the technologies, investigated multi-dimensional overall regulatory methods, proposed an overall regulation threshold value for the water cycle of the Haihe River Basin, and recommended corresponding five-dimensional regulatory schemes.

In the paper, take full account of energy dissipation operating characteristics. Interlayer shear-frame structure for the analysis of the Wilson-Θmethod ELASTOPLASTIC schedule, the design of a nonlinear dynamic time history analysis procedure. On this basis, taking into account the restoring force characteristics of the energy dissipation system, the inflection point in the restoring force model treatment, to avoid a result of the calculation results of distortion due to the iterative error. A frame structure seismic response time history analysis results show that: the framework of the energy dissipation significantly lower than the seismic response of the common framework, and its role in the earthquake when more significant.

In our effort to improve the efficiency and yield of xylose-to-ethanol bioconversion in Pichia stipitis, the transaldolase (TAL) in the pentose phosphate pathway was identified as a rate-limiting enzyme for improvement. A mutant containing the Q263R change was first obtained by directed evolution with 5-fold increase of activity, which was then incorporated into P. stipitesvia the pYDS vector to produce a genetically stable strain for fermentation on xylose. In comparison with the parental strain, TAL-Q263R(+) increases ethanol prodcution by 36% and 100% as measured by volumetric production rate and specific production rate, respectively. Thus improving the transaldolase activity in P. stipitis can significantly increase the rate and yield of xylose conversion to ethanol.

Armhole is a base part of the sleeve. The sleeve morphological characteristics affect the construction and shape of sleeve. The underarm point is one of key restraining factors affecting armhole’s three-dimensional configuration. The experiments of armhole’s three-dimensional configuration and attaching sleeve experiments were designed according to the changes of the vertical and horizontal displacement of underarm point. The regression equation is established through the method of correlation analysis and regression analysis.

This paper investigates the effect of travel time variability on drivers' route choice behavior in the context of Shanghai, China. A stated preference survey is conducted to collect drivers' hypothetical choice between two alternative routes with designated unequal travel time and travel time variability. A binary choice model is developed to quantify trade-offs between travel time and travel time variability across various types of drivers. In the model, travel time and travel time variability are, respectively, measured by expectation and standard deviation of random travel time. The model shows that travel time and travel time variability on a route exert similarly negative effects on drivers' route choice behavior. In particular, it is found that middle-age drivers are more sensitive to travel time variability and less likely to choose a route with travel time uncertainty than younger and elder drivers. In addition, it is shown that taxi drivers are more sensitive to travel time and more inclined to choose a route with less travel time. Drivers with rich driving experience are less likely to choose a route with travel time uncertainty.

Microporous polyamide membrane (nylon 6, pa) was modified by acid hydrolysis and then coupled with hydroxyethyl cellulose (rec) to amplify reactive groups and reduce non-specific interaction with proteins. 1,6-diaminohexane (dah) as space arm and phenylalanine (phe) as ligand were immobilized onto nylon membrane through the activation of s-triazine trichloride (cycl3). the affinity membrane obtained can be used to adsorb gamma-globulin specifically. the optimum conditions of preparing affinity membrane and adsorbing bovine gamma-globulin were studied.