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This research tests the role of visual perspective taking (VPT) in mediating the relation between spatial ability and theory of mind (ToM). Study 1 demonstrated such mediation correlationally in seventy 3.5- to 4-year olds. In Study 2, twenty-three 3.5- to 4-year-olds were trained on using play blocks to copy preassembled models as a way to promote spatial ability. Resultant increases in VPT and ToM were compared to those from a control group learning to draw instead (n = 23). Both studies showed that the effect of spatial ability on ToM depended on VPT, suggesting a role of embodiment in ToM development in early childhood. These findings provide an alternative way to think about ToM development and the psychological mechanism that may be involved.

The research problem is the lack of motivation and attention of students in the teaching and learning process of Geography and the Component Display Theory (CDT) model has not been applied in Syaloom Christian High School in Manado City. This study aims to determine the effect of the CDT learning model in improving learning outcomes in the Geography subjects of Syaloom Christian High School students in Manado City. The results were analyzed by statistical t-test obtained by the value of t count = 11.896 giving a recommendation that the research hypothesis is different. This value explains the differences in the learning outcomes of students in the experimental group Geography with the CDT learning model better than the control group learning outcomes without using the CDT learning model when viewed from the average value. Therefore, the CDT learning model that was applied to the experimental group students had a positive effect on improving student learning outcomes in Geography subjects.

Flowing water flooding is a characteristic wonder which devastatingly affects human existence also, financial misfortunes. There have been different methodologies in contemplating stream flooding through the improvement of control measures and counteraction for this characteristic wonder. The group model is involved in the expectation of water level in relationship with flood seriousness. Flood prediction uses the most recent advancements in the Internet of Things and AI for the robotized examination of flood information is helpful to forestall catastrophic events. Exploration results show that group learning gives a more solid device to anticipate flood seriousness levels. The exploratory outcomes demonstrate that the outfit getting the hang of utilizing the LSTM model and arbitrary woodland beat singular models with an affectability, particularity, and exactness of 71.4%, 85.9%, and 81.13%. Results are produced by group models and provide warning about future flooding.

The current research aims to: Identify the effectiveness of using the combination learning strategy in developing creative capacities (flexibility, details) for the skillful performance of art education among sixth grade students. For the purpose of verifying the objective of the research, the researcher assumed the following null hypotheses: There are no statistically significant differences between the average scores of the experimental group taught using the combination learning strategy and the control group that is taught by the traditional method at the level of (0.05) in the pre-test. There are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group and the control group at the level of (0.05) in the post test. There are no statistically significant differences between the average scores of the experimental group that are taught using the combination learning strategy at a significance level (0.05) in the pre and post test The current research sample included a group of sixth-grade primary students at Dar Al-Emara School from the research community in the Baghdad Education Directorate Al-Karkh 2. The results of the research revealed the superiority of the experimental group over the control group when implementing the experiment.

In this study, an integrated collaborative learning and knowledge map approach was developed for online teacher professional development. An online teacher education environment based on that appro...

Education environments are increasingly becoming digitized, however in some circumstances handwriting input still is an important part of the learning process. In this paper, we propose and implement an educational support system using pen stroke data analysis. Junior high school teachers can perform data analysis themselves with the system. Pen stroke data is collected using a handwritten memo feature in the BookRoll digital learning material reader. Pen stroke data that is collected by the system includes: time, color, x-coordinate and ycoordinate. The system has functions for automatic group formation by using clustering based on the analysis of characteristics oflearner pen strokes that are collected from the whole class. It is anticipated that the group formation function can support teachers in quickly creating learning groups in a timely manner based on automated data analysis., 28th International Conference on Computers in Education, 23-27 November 2020, Web conference.

The 1H NMR Spectrum game, the first example of a team-based tabletop game focused on elucidating the structures of organic small molecules using 1H NMR spectra, was developed and deployed in a college-level organic chemistry lecture course and laboratory course. The tabletop game was designed as a collaborative and competitive group activity to encourage multiple rounds of play to help students reinforce their 1H NMR spectra interpretation skills. While playing in either team-based or free-for-all mode, students analyzed the provided chemical shifts, splitting patterns, integrations, and molecular formula within a designated time limit to correctly deduce the structure associated with the 1H NMR spectrum. After playing the game, students in a lecture course and a laboratory course self-reported that they felt more comfortable solving 1H NMR spectroscopy questions, found the game to be an appealing study aid, and were able to complete multiple rounds of play to strengthen their skills in interpreting 1H NMR spectra. The 1H NMR Spectrum tabletop game may serve as an engaging and competitive group learning tool to supplement teaching on 1H NMR spectroscopy.

Improve others’ competence is a missing Self-Transcendence (ST)/selfless goal in achievement goals literature, which has focused on very self-centred/Self-Enhancement (SE) (performance or overcome ...

Potential development in inclusive children is done by means of group learning methods and classroom teachers and supervisors who use their respective strategies according to the needs of students. The problems examined in this study are (1) The form of learning in the classroom in the development of the potential of inclusive children (2) Inhibiting factors in developing the potential of an inclusive child (3) The results of the teacher in developing the potential of an inclusive child. This type of research is a type of descriptive qualitative research that took place in TK Nurul Huda, Karangasem Bali Regency. Data collection is done by conducting observations, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis is carried out by giving meaning to the data that was collected, then from that meaning conclusions are drawn. Checking the validity of the data is done by triangulation. The results showed (1) The form of learning conducted at TK Nurul Huda was a form of group learning, by uniting regular students with inclusive students (ABK) under the supervision of class teachers and special assistant teachers. (2) Inhibiting factors in developing the potential of inclusive children is inadequate facilities and infrastructure, lack of special assistant teachers. (3) The results of the development of the potential of inclusive children are quite good and proud of the principal, teachers, and student’s parents.

Potential development in inclusive children is done by means of group learning methods and classroom teachers and supervisors who use their respective strategies according to the needs of students. The problems examined in this study are (1) The form of learning in the classroom in the development of the potential of inclusive children (2) Inhibiting factors in developing the potential of an inclusive child (3) The results of the teacher in developing the potential of an inclusive child. This type of research is a type of descriptive qualitative research that took place in TK Nurul Huda, Karangasem Bali Regency. Data collection is done by conducting observations, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis is carried out by giving meaning to the data that was collected, then from that meaning conclusions are drawn. Checking the validity of the data is done by triangulation. The results showed (1) The form of learning conducted at TK Nurul Huda was a form of group learning, by uniting regular students with inclusive students (ABK) under the supervision of class teachers and special assistant teachers. (2) Inhibiting factors in developing the potential of inclusive children is inadequate facilities and infrastructure, lack of special assistant teachers. (3) The results of the development of the potential of inclusive children are quite good and proud of the principal, teachers, and student’s parents.

Students who have good motivation will not do things that are prohibited or that are not justified. Even they try to do their best and do various ways to be able to improve their knowledge both in the area of campus and outside of campus. However, not all students have either intrinsic or extrinsic encouragement. This study is aimed to find out and describe the forms of motivation, learning strategies, and factors that influence student's motivation in learning at the Department of Education Management. The research method is mixed-methods. Quantitative data is the instrument Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). This questionnaire was given to 100 samples, which were students in the Department of Education. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured model interviews with several students. The results show that the forms of students' motivation in the Department of Education are intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Students' learning strategies cover practice, elaboration, organization, critical thinking, self-regulation, learning time and place, learning arrangements, group learning, and seeking assistance. Then, the factors that influence students' motivation and learning strategies are intrinsic and extrinsic encouragement. Besides, factors influencing learning strategies and motivation are learning media, learning resources, timing and place of learning, grades and achievement index, understanding material repeatedly, cooperation both positive and negative in completing the task, and discussion.

The learning at Kindergarten all over Indonesia uses Area learning model, Central learning model, Group learning model, and Classical learning model. The guidelines for these four learning models, in particular and complete, let alone in the form of electronics (e-module) is not available yet. The purpose of this research is to develop a valid, appropriate, and effective e-module local wisdom based for Kindergarten. The method of this research was Research and Development (R and D) referring to ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate) model. Based on the results of validation of experts and field test, then this product development, e-module local wisdom based has been proven valid (both materials and design) to be used in the learning and effectively to improve motivation in the learning. E-module developed in this research is extremely recommended to be used and utilized by Lecturers, Students, and Teachers of PG-PAUD.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore if the modified listening group method that originated in Canada can enhance learning and sharing amongst farmers in a group learning setup.Design/Metho...

Pembelajaran Pair Checks merupakan pembelajaran berkelompok yang dapat menuntun partnernya untuk berpikir kritis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran Pair Checks terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tahun 2019/2020 di SMK Informatika Sumber Ilmu Tulangan. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 26 siswa dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh pembelajaran Pair Checks terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa karena thitung = 3,431 > ttabel = 2,064 dan didukung dengan probabilitas signifikan sebesar (0,002) < α (0,05). Selain itu, persamaan regresi linearnya yaitu Y = -15,479 +1,743X juga memperlihatkan, jika pembelajaran Pair Checks dilaksanakan semakin baik maka kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa juga akan semakin baik. Pembelajaran Pair Checks memiliki kontribusi sebesar 32,9% terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Penerapan pembelajaran Pair Checks menjadikan siswa dapat berpendapat atau lebih aktif dalam kelas serta meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis yang baik.

Physical activity—including outdoor motor play—has been associated with learning and brain-related functions and abilities in elementary school children and adolescence. Few studies have been conducted on the relationships between active play and these cognitive processes in preschool aged children. Several investigations have revealed that adult-directed physical activity can enhance preschoolers’ performance on measures of executive functions, such as inhibitory control or attention. In the present investigation we sought to determine if naturalistic playground play would have a similar effect to adult-guided exercise on a classroom indicator of young children’s cognitive control—on-task behavior during a whole group learning experience. The on-task behavior of 21 three-, four-, and five-year-olds was compared under two conditions—one in which children played outdoors immediately prior to the experience and one in which they did not. Too, the relationship between the level of physical activity on the playground of children and their on-task behavior directly following it was examined. Findings indicate that outdoor play prior to learning resulted in greater on-task behavior for boys and children of low socioeconomic status. Level of activity in play prior to a learning time was positively related to on-task behavior. Implications for scheduling of outdoor play and the role of teachers’ in facilitating more active motor play are discussed. Future research on a larger, more diverse sample of children is recommended.

This research to studying the results showed that The role of modeling of teachers of Islamic Education in the character building starts on the students include Madrasah Aliyah Al-Ma’arif Bilae Kecamatan Awangpone in Bone Regency.The type of research used is qualitative with the research approach used is religious, phenomenological, pedagogic, and sociological approach. The data sources of this study consist of teachers PAI, Principal, Vice principal of student, supervisors extracurricular activities, and learners. Furthermore, data collection methods used are observation, interviews, and documentation. Then, the technique of analysis and interpretation of research data using Miles and Huberman analysis model through three stages, namely; data reduction, data presentation, conclusion, and data validity testing. The results showed that The role of modeling of teachers of Islamic Education in the character building starts on the students include; a) program (group learning system); b) program (night prayer / duha); and c) Tadarrus and rote program of the Qur'an.

This study aims to improve the activities and mathematics learning outcomes of the KPK and FPB material in class VI students of Ketawang Karay I Elementary School in Ganding Subdistrict, Sumenep Regency, 1st Semester Academic Year 2018/2019 using the Multilevel Group learning model. This type of research is classroom action research in collaboration with colleagues. The results of the study showed that the use of the Multilevel Group learning model could increase the activeness of students in the Mathematics learning material of the KPK and FPB. In the aspect of confidence, in the first cycle with good categories, 54% confidence aspects, 69% activeness aspects, 46% learning motivation aspects, and 62% collaboration aspects. In the second cycle with a good category, it increased the self-confidence aspect to 92%, the activeness aspect to 85%, the learning motivation aspect to 85%, and the collaboration aspect to 77%. The results also show that the use of the Multilevel Group learning model can improve student learning outcomes in the Mathematics learning material of the KPK and FPB. In the pre-cycle stage the average grade of 55 with classical completeness was 23%, in the first cycle the average grade was 71 with 62% classical completeness, and in the second cycle the average value increased to 84 with 92% classical completeness.

In many South East Asian countries, group learning has been introduced as a method to reform classroom practices. Cooperative learning in particular, based on role division, rewards and competition, is highly popular. On the other hand, collaborative learning, the other type of group learning, based on mutual consultation and help-seeking without the structures of cooperative learning, is a challenge to introduce. The aim of this essay is to discuss the reasons why teachers in South East Asia face difficulty in adjusting to collaborative learning. Three issues are discussed, namely (1) students’ reluctance to ask what they do not know due to the lesson structure and negative psychological effects; (2) difficulty in creating sufficiently challenging tasks for students to have mutual consultation, due to the teachers’ insufficient experience in academic inquiry and expertise in their disciplines; and (3) connecting their learning from observation and reflection with their own teaching.

Despite the upsurge in cross-border R&D collaboration within multinational corporations (MNCs), firms often fail to realize the full potential of cross-border R&D teams. We examine under what conditions geographic diversity might lead to higher or lower innovation performance by focusing on the moderating roles of team composition. We first demonstrate that the geographic diversity of an MNC’s research team has a curvilinear (inverted U-shaped) relationship with the team’s innovation performance. Building upon group learning theory, we further claim that this non-linear relationship is strengthened by the technical experience heterogeneity of researchers but weakened by repeated collaboration among researchers. Our analyses on the top 25 multinational pharmaceutical companies and their 59,998 patents registered from 1981 to 2012 provide strong support for our hypotheses. When geographic diversity is relatively low, teams with different levels of technical experience and more fresh collaborators improve performance by amplifying the benefits of sourcing diverse knowledge. With high geographic dispersion, on the other hand, minimal experience heterogeneity and more instances of past collaboration lead to better performance by facilitating the integration of diverse knowledge. The results shed light on the importance of technical and social relationships among researchers in sourcing and integrating location-specific knowledge and ultimately enhancing team performance.

Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) are spaces designed to educate student groups remotely via online platforms. Although traditional VLEs have shown promise in educating students, they offer limited immersion that overall diminishes learning effectiveness. In this paper, we describe vSocial, a cloud-based virtual reality learning environment (VRLE) system that can be deployed over high-speed networks using the High Fidelity “social VR” platform. vSocial provides flexible control of group learning content and compliance with established VLE standards with improved immersive user experience for both instructor(s) and students. For our vSocial development, we build upon the use case of an existing special education VLE viz., iSocial that trains youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder by implementing the Social Competence Intervention (SCI) curriculum. The vSocial can be used to: (a) implement multiple learning modules using wearable VR technologies, (b) integrate cognitive state sensing devices, and (c) organize learning session data securely using web applications hosted on cloud resources. Our experiment results show that the VR mode of content delivery in vSocial better stimulates the generalization of lessons to the real world than non-VR lessons, and provides improved immersion when compared to an equivalent desktop version. Further, usability study results show that users can successfully use the web application features in vSocial for group learning activities with ease-of-use and consistency.

Purpose This study investigated the role of collective efficacy and co-regulation in terms of students’ performance during small group projects in a medical research program. The effect of collective efficacy in student performance was expected to be mediated by co-regulation. Methods A total of 50 students who enrolled in a medical research program worked on their medical research project in small groups over a period of 9 weeks. After they had submitted their final research project reports as groups at the end of the course, the collective efficacy and co-regulation surveys were conducted online. Results The mediation model was significant and explained 26.61% of the variance in student performance. The total effect of collective efficacy on student performance was significant and the indirect effect through co-regulation was also significant. Conclusion These results suggest that collective efficacy influenced student performance through co-regulation in group learning contexts. Considering the fact that more and more collaborative learning now occurs in medical education, the result of this study can provide significant insights for enhancing students’ performance in small group contexts.

The Collaborative-Cooperative Learning Model (CCL) helps improve students’ characters. This study is aimed at finding out the effectiveness of the CCL instructional model in improving the characters of the theology students in the subject matter class Self Development. The study used the quasi-experimental research design. The research sample consisted of 58 students of the Surabaya Excelsius Institute of Theology. Data were collected by way of a test in a pre-test and posttest for the experiment and control groups and analyzed by way of an independent sample t-test on the SPSS software program of Amos 25. Results show that (1) the CCL model is found to be able to improve students’ characters. Experts’ reviews conclude that the CCL syntax can be categorized as having innovative aspects based on the rationality model on the score of 3.29; (2) The CCL model is found to be effective in improving students’ characters by the Mann-Whitney test (sig. = 0,012) and the paired sample t-tes (sig. = 0.000) showing a significant difference in the mean scores; (3) the CCL model can improve the characters of self-discipline, social discipline, and religious discipline in the theology students in the subject matter class Self Development and can be used for subject matter classes with the same characteristics, be followed-up by research in wider subject-matter contexts, and be integrated with research from other academic fields.

This paper describes one way that teachers as educators can face the challenges of the industrial revolution 4.0, namely by instilling and preparing creative and character-based leaders. Education as character building can be implemented using Ki Hajar Dewantara's leadership concepts, namely Ing Ngarsa Sung Tuladha, Ing Madya Mangun Karsa, and Tut Wuri Handayani. The concept of leadership was first adopted as a cooperative learning model which emphasized exemplariness in group learning. The group leader is called tuladha and is the facilitator of the group. Tuladha utilizes the Internet of Things. Before the teaching and learning process in class, information, concepts or ideas, and examples are posted by the teacher to the tuladha. This study is an experimental study with the sample used meeting the prerequisites of the statistical test used. The results showed that students' mathematical problem solving abilities increased significantly using the Ing Ngarsa Sung Tuladha cooperative learning model over the usual method. The category of improving students' mathematical problem solving abilities that obtain the Ing Ngarsa Sung Tuladha cooperative learning model is in the high category.

This research discusses several problems found in the field, studying the learning process that is still dominated by the teacher, avoiding student participation in active learning activities, increasing student motivation in learning, and increasing collaboration between students. This research was conducted in one of the State Junior High Schools located in Makassar City, Indonesia in the academic year 2017/2018 which aims to improve student learning outcomes through the application of investigative group learning models. The research subjects were students of class VIII with 31 students. This class action research consists of 2 cycles, where each cycle consists of 3 meetings and 1 cycle test. Information related to student activities is collected using observation sheets and information related to student abilities is collected using tests given at the end of the cycle. Obtaining a score for cycle 1 is 70.48 with a completeness level of 70.79% and a score for cycle 2 is 76.32 with a completeness level of 87.1%. After applying learning with the investigation stage the group showed an increase in activity and the ability of students in the second cycle that was supported had reached classical completeness by 75%

広島女学院大学では中学校，高等学校での家庭科の教員免許取得のための科目の一つに家庭電気・機械を開講している．2021年度から中学校，2022年度からは高等学校で新しい学習指導要領が文部科学省によって改訂され，子供たちがより能動的に学ぶ授業を設計する力が教員には求められることになる．株式会社サクラクレパス製のマナピタシートはホイトボードと同様，マーカーで書いたり，消したりすることができる．さらにA3 サイズという手軽さがありどの教室でも取り入れることができるという特徴を持っている．また，冷蔵庫は家庭科の授業で省エネや環境に配慮した生活という視点から教材として取り入れられている．本研究では，アクティブラーニングの授業形式としてグループ活動による冷蔵庫のカタログとマナピタシートを使用した授業展開を行い，学生の反応や感想をもとに，これらの教材による授業効果を検証した．その結果，次の2点にまとめることができた． 1．教員志望学生らはグループ学習でマナピタシートを使った授業に興味を抱いた． 2．十数ページのカタログを教材でかつ与えられた時間内にプレゼンテーション文書をどのように作るかを活発に議論する動機づけになった．

This class action research was conducted to improve the ability of students in kendangan ciblon irama dadi in Karawitan Surakarta II. The mastery of kendangan ciblon irama dadi is considered very important for it is the foundation for kendangan ciblon irama wiled in the form of inggah ladrang, kethuk 4, and kethuk 8 in the next course. Kendangan ciblon irama dadithat are emphasized are gambyongan ciblon which has a high complexity. Therefore,it needs more attention. So far, there are still many problems encountered in the learning process of the course, especially in mastering kendangan ciblonduring the middle semester, namely semester III, IV, IV. The problems include the scheme of kendangan, sekaran ciblongambyongan and wiledan. It may happen because most sudents do not master well the ciblon irama dadi at the second semester. It needs an appropriate learning method. In order to increase the students’ abilities in kendangan ciblon irama dadi semester II, during this time, the method of speech, drill and demonstration seem insufficient to overcome the problem, so that it is necessary to use another method namely the Stad Type Cooperative Learning Model. This method is in fact very effective and useful to improve the students’ practical skills. This is indicated by an increase in group learning activities and a more live class and the good student achievement.Keywords: learning, ability, ciblon

هدف الدراسة: التعرف على مستویات ممارسة التعلم التنظیمی فی الأجهزة الحکومیة فی المملکة العربیة السعودیة.منهجیة الدراسة: تم تطویـر استبانة خاصة بها استنادا على أبعاد التعلم الخمسة المستخدمة فی نموذج خـریطة تقییم التعلم الاستـراتیجـی الذی یتکون من محاور التعلم الفردی والتعلم الجماعی والتعلم التنظیمی وتدفق التعلم من التغذیة الأمامیة وتدفق التعلم من التغذیة الراجعة.البیانات وعینة الدراسة: جمعت البیانات باستخدام المعاینة الطبقیة العشوائیة من مجتمع الدراسة الذی یتکون من جمیع موظفی الخدمة المدنیة. وتم توزیع الاستبانة على جمیع أفراد العینة البالغ حجمها (600) موظف، وبلغ عدد الاستبانات المستـردة الصالحة للتحلیل الإحصائی (528) استبانة، بنسبة استجابة (88%).نتائج الدارسة: توصلت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج ومن أهمها أن مستوى ممارسة التعلم التنظیمی فی الأجهزة الحکومیة السعودیة فوق الوسط، وأن ممارسة التعلم الفردی فی الأجهزة الحکومیة السعودیة تتصدر ممارسات التعلم التنظیمی تلیها ممارسة التعلم الجماعی.الخاتمة: قدمت الدراسة عددا من التوصیات، من أهمها العمل على نشر ثقافة التعلم وتبنی السیاسات وإجـراءات العمل الداعمة للتعلم. Study objectives: The main of the study is to identify the levels of organizational learning (OL) practice in Saudi government agencies. Moreover, the study also aims to determine whether there are in OL practices with respect to type of government agency and the demographic characteristics of civil service employees. Study Design: To achieve the study objectives, a questionnaire was developed based on the five learning dimensions of Strategic Learning Assessment Map Model (SLAM). Sample and Data: The study data were collected using a stratified random sampling from the study population which consists of all civil employees. A total of 528 questionnares returned from 600 questionnaires distributed to the sampled employees, giving 88% response rate. Result: The study results showed that the levels OL practices in Saudi government agencies were above moderate, and that individual learning was the most commonly practiced followed by group learning. Moreover, the study results showed that there were no significant differences in OL practices between government agencies, and also there were no signficant differences in OL practices with respect to demographic variables except with education. Conclusion: Based on the study results, a number of recommendations are made, the most important of which is to spread the learning culture and adopt policies and working procedures that support learning.

医療衛生学科・医療検査専攻の 3 年生を対象として， 保健医療福祉学の授業においてアクティブラーニング型授業の 1 つである T B L を導入した。 スケジュールとして， 事前に教科書の学習範囲を指定し予習をさせ， 授業の開始時に確認テストを行った。 その後， 課題テストと同じ問題についてスクラッチカードを用いたグループ試験を行った。 教員はグループ試験の間に採点し， 結果を返却した。 その後， グループ発表として各グループにグループテストの解説をさせた。 教員は随時解説に対する補足を行い， 周辺の知識について説明した。 授業の最後には確認テストを実施した。 グループ学習の評価としてピア評価を導入し， 15回の授業の中で 8 回目と14回目にピア評価を実施した。 T B L の結果， 試験成績は有意に向上した。 授業アンケートにおいても T B L は予習・復習の実施を促し， 授業への積極的な参加と学習意欲の向上に効果的であることが示された。

With the continuous development of education, students’learning methods have changed. Different from the previous single, passive and receptive learning methods, the new curriculum reform advocates students to construct an “autonomous, cooperative and exploratory” learning style. As the carrier of autonomy, cooperation and exploration, group cooperative learning has also been highly praised by the majority of educators. At the junior high school stage, students’ mentality has changed greatly, and their cognition of group cooperative learning has become more profound. Therefore, it is particularly important for teachers to help students to construct a good group learning method to cultivate their cooperative learning consciousness and problem-solving ability according to their characteristics. With the assistance of the Internet, an effective teaching tool, group cooperative learning can play a greater role and provide greater help for students’ learning. The purpose of this study is to explore how group cooperative learning can play a greater role in the network environment. On the basis of combining previous studies, the author puts forward some reasonable strategies for the three links: preparation before group learning, communication during group learning and feedback after group learning in view of the problems existing in the group learning process, hoping to make full use of the advantages of group cooperative learning to help students carry out group learning preferably.

Computer-mediated communication (CMC) research has shown that avatars influence user behaviours in both video game and social media environments. This study aims to investigate customisable avatars used in a spontaneous doctoral community on Reddit (a social media and discussion website) and identify avatar characteristics that may facilitate collaborative learning through text mining and crowd-sourced data coding. As a work in progress, the research questions and methods for Reddit data collection and analysis will be presented to get feedback from other ISLS members in the New Members Session at ISLS Annual Meeting 2022. The findings from this study would be applied to improve the design of Tuvatar.com (an avatar-mediated small group learning environment) which will be presented in the main poster session at the CSCL conference 2022.