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Protein Phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) are major regulators of diverse signaling pathways, particularly in higher plants. In Arabidopsis thaliana, abiotic stress signaling is vastly connected to the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA). PP2Cs from subgroup A serve as co-receptors for ABA and act as major negative regulators. In this work, a complement of PP2C interactions with the regulatory components of the ABA receptor (RCARs), and downstream target proteins was analyzed in yeast and in vivo. The results connect PP2C function to downstream signaling outcome on a molecular level. Furthermore, the conservation of PP2C-RCAR-related signaling modules in other stress response pathways was identified., Protein Phosphatasen des Typs 2C (PP2Cs) kontrollieren eine Reihe wichtiger Signalwege, insbesondere in höheren Pflanzen. Die Reaktion auf abiotischen Stress wird weitgehend über das Pflanzenhormon Abscisinsäure (ABA) vermittelt. PP2Cs der Gruppe A spielen dabei eine wichtige Rolle als Co-Rezeptoren und negative Regulatoren. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden systematisch die Interaktionen der PP2Cs mit den Regulatorischen Komponenten des ABA Rezeptors (RCARs) und zahlreichen Zielproteinen in Hefe und in vivo analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen die Verbindung der Funktion der PP2Cs mit deren Zielproteinen auf molekularer Ebene. Außerdem konnte ein Signalmodul, ähnlich dem PP2C-RCAR-Relais, in einem Stress-Signalweg nachgewiesen werden.

Protein Phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) are major regulators of diverse signaling pathways, particularly in higher plants. In Arabidopsis thaliana, abiotic stress signaling is vastly connected to the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA). PP2Cs from subgroup A serve as co-receptors for ABA and act as major negative regulators. In this work, a complement of PP2C interactions with the regulatory components of the ABA receptor (RCARs), and downstream target proteins was analyzed in yeast and in vivo. The results connect PP2C function to downstream signaling outcome on a molecular level. Furthermore, the conservation of PP2C-RCAR-related signaling modules in other stress response pathways was identified., Protein Phosphatasen des Typs 2C (PP2Cs) kontrollieren eine Reihe wichtiger Signalwege, insbesondere in höheren Pflanzen. Die Reaktion auf abiotischen Stress wird weitgehend über das Pflanzenhormon Abscisinsäure (ABA) vermittelt. PP2Cs der Gruppe A spielen dabei eine wichtige Rolle als Co-Rezeptoren und negative Regulatoren. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden systematisch die Interaktionen der PP2Cs mit den Regulatorischen Komponenten des ABA Rezeptors (RCARs) und zahlreichen Zielproteinen in Hefe und in vivo analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen die Verbindung der Funktion der PP2Cs mit deren Zielproteinen auf molekularer Ebene. Außerdem konnte ein Signalmodul, ähnlich dem PP2C-RCAR-Relais, in einem Stress-Signalweg nachgewiesen werden.

Active view planning for gathering data from an unexplored 3D complex scenario is a hard and still open problem in the computer vision community. In this paper, we present a general task-oriented approach based on an information-gain maximization that easily deals with such a problem. Our approach consists of ranking a given set of possible actions, based on their task-related gains, and then executing the best-ranked action to move the required sensor. An example of how our approach behaves is demonstrated by applying it over 3D raw data for real-time volume modelling of complex-shaped objects. Our setting includes a calibrated 3D time-of-flight (ToF) camera mounted on a 7 degrees of freedom (DoF) robotic arm. Noise in the sensor data acquisition, which is too often ignored, is here explicitly taken into account by computing an uncertainty matrix for each point, and refining this matrix each time the point is seen again. Results show that, by always choosing the most informative view, a complete model of a 3D free-form object is acquired and also that our method achieves a good compromise between speed and precision., Preprint

The development of insecticides requires valid risk assessment procedures to avoid causing harm to beneficial insects and especially to pollinators such as the honeybee Apis mellifera. In addition to testing according to current guidelines designed to detect bee mortality, tests are needed to determine possible sublethal effects interfering with the animal's vitality and behavioral performance. Several methods have been used to detect sublethal effects of different insecticides under laboratory conditions using olfactory conditioning. Furthermore, studies have been conducted on the influence insecticides have on foraging activity and homing ability which require time-consuming visual observation. We tested an experimental design using the radiofrequency identification (RFID) method to monitor the influence of sublethal doses of insecticides on individual honeybee foragers on an automated basis. With electronic readers positioned at the hive entrance and at an artificial food source, we obtained quantifiable data on honeybee foraging behavior. This enabled us to efficiently retrieve detailed information on flight parameters. We compared several groups of bees, fed simultaneously with different dosages of a tested substance. With this experimental approach we monitored the acute effects of sublethal doses of the neonicotinoids imidacloprid (0.15–6 ng/bee) and clothianidin (0.05–2 ng/bee) under field-like circumstances. At field-relevant doses for nectar and pollen no adverse effects were observed for either substance. Both substances led to a significant reduction of foraging activity and to longer foraging flights at doses of ≥0.5 ng/bee (clothianidin) and ≥1.5 ng/bee (imidacloprid) during the first three hours after treatment. This study demonstrates that the RFID-method is an effective way to record short-term alterations in foraging activity after insecticides have been administered once, orally, to individual bees. We contribute further information on the underst

Entrepreneurial activities of faculty have received increasing attention in research. In contrast, little is known about the careers and activities of the women and men working at the university-industry-interface. To close this gap, in this paper we address technology transfer as an emerging occupational field and examine the careers of the people working in the field. At the example of Germany we show that technology transfer is almost perfectly gender balanced on the surface. Between and within transfer organizations, however, there are marked gender differences. Against this background, we find a ‘motley crew’ with a diversity of disciplinary backgrounds and professional experiences. While women often consider working in technology transfer temporary in nature and ‘second best’ when compared to a career in science, men display their career in an entrepreneurial spirit. Our results also suggest that women’s opportunities and gains are fragile because of the still transitory nature of the field., Entrepreneurial activities of faculty have received increasing attention in research. In contrast, little is known about the careers and activities of the women and men working at the university-industry-interface. To close this gap, in this paper we address technology transfer as an emerging occupational field and examine the careers of the people working in the field. At the example of Germany we show that technology transfer is almost perfectly gender balanced on the surface. Between and within transfer organizations, however, there are marked gender differences. Against this background, we find a ‘motley crew’ with a diversity of disciplinary backgrounds and professional experiences. While women often consider working in technology transfer temporary in nature and ‘second best’ when compared to a career in science, men display their career in an entrepreneurial spirit. Our results also suggest that women’s opportunities and gains are fragile because of the still transitory nature of the field., Entrepreneurial activities of faculty have received increasing attention in research. In contrast, little is known about the careers and activities of the women and men working at the university-industry-interface. To close this gap, in this paper we address technology transfer as an emerging occupational field and examine the careers of the people working in the field. At the example of Germany we show that technology transfer is almost perfectly gender balanced on the surface. Between and within transfer organizations, however, there are marked gender differences. Against this background, we find a ‘motley crew’ with a diversity of disciplinary backgrounds and professional experiences. While women often consider working in technology transfer temporary in nature and ‘second best’ when compared to a career in science, men display their career in an entrepreneurial spirit. Our results also suggest that women’s opportunities and gains are fragile because of the still transitory nature of the field.

Efficient collaboration between design and simulation departments is a key factor to efficient product development. There are numerous efforts to systematically “integrate” product development activities using CAD- and CAE-systems. This paper presents a team-based approach to render collaboration, i.e. communication and coordination, between the engineers involved in designing and simulating the product more efficient. It is part of an overall integration strategy to support collaboration between the departments in question in terms of the product architecture and the engineers involved as well as information objects, tools, and the process. The team structures proposed combine the different ways of organization prevailing in design and simulation. Based on a product architecture regarding both functional and geometry-oriented perspectives onto the product, virtual teams attributed to parts of this component-function-structure serve as a basis to enhance communication. This is intended to offer a means of orientation to coordinate common efforts between engineers involved. The paper lines out a method to compose teams that merge the necessary competences and responsibilities involved to foster communication across different engineers involved in a set of functions and components., Paper no. DS42_P_109