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Abstract Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease mainly affecting the gastrointestinal tract. With the increased availability of modalities in the last two decades, the treatment of CD has advanced remarkably. Although medical treatment is the mainstay of therapy, most patients require surgery during the course of their illness, especially those who experience complications. Nutritional optimization and ERAS implementation are crucial for patients with CD who require surgical intervention to reduce postoperative complications. The increased surgical risk was found to be associated with the use of corticosteroids, but the association of surgical risk with immunomodulators, biologic therapy, such as anti‐TNF mediations, anti‐integrin medications, and anti‐IL 12/23 was low in certainty. Decisions about preoperative medication must be made on an individual case‐dependent basis. Preoperative imaging studies can assist in the planning of appropriate surgical strategies and approaches. However, patients must be informed of any alterations to their treatment. In summary, the management of perioperative medications and surgery‐related decision‐making should be individualized and patient‐centered based on a multidisciplinary approach.

Blood blister-like aneurysms (BBAs) are fragile and difficult to treat. However, the optimal treatment has yet to be determined. Pipeline embolization devices and Willis covered stent implementation are still controversial strategies for treating BBA. Herein, we report a case of recurrent BBA successfully treated with a Willis covered stent. A long-term follow-up angiography after the procedure indicated complete occlusion of the aneurysm. This case demonstrates the safety and efficacy of applying the Wills cover stent in the treatment of recurrent BBA after Pipeline implantation.

Abstract This study analyzed learning curve and the surgical outcome of robotic assisted colorectal surgery with ERAS program. The study results serve as a reference for future robotic colorectal surgeon who applied ERAS in clinical practice. This was a retrospective case–control study to analyze the learning curve of 141 robotic assisted colorectal surgery (RAS) by Da Vinci Xi (Xi) system and compare the surgical outcomes with 147 conventional laparoscopic (LSC) surgery in the same team. Evaluation for maturation was performed by operation time and the CUSUM plot. Patients were recruited from 1st February 2019 to 9th January 2022; follow-up was conducted at 30 days, and the final follow-up was conducted on 9th February 2022. It both took 31 cases for colon and rectal robotic surgeries to reach the maturation phase. Teamwork maturation was achieved after 60 cases. In the maturation stage, RAS required a longer operation time (mean: colon: 249.5 ± 46.5 vs. 190.3 ± 57.3 p

Abstract Polyspora Sweet (Theaceae) are winter ornamental landscape plants native to southern and southeastern Asia, some of which have medicinal value. The chloroplast (cp) genome data of Polyspora are scarce, and the gene evolution and interspecific relationship are still unclear. In this study, we sequenced and annotated Polyspora chrysandra cp genome and combined it with previously published genomes for other Chinese Polyspora species. The results showed that cp genomes of six Chinese Polyspora varied in length between 156,452 bp (P. chrysandra) and 157,066 bp (P. speciosa), but all contained 132 genes, with GC content of 37.3%, and highly similar genes distribution and codon usage. A total of eleven intergenic spacer regions were found having the highest levels of divergence, and eight divergence hotspots were identified as molecular markers for Phylogeography and genetic diversity studies in Polyspora. Gene selection pressure suggested that five genes were subjected to positive selection. Phylogenetic relationships among Polyspora species based on the complete cp genomes were supported strongly, indicating that the cp genomes have the potential to be used as super barcodes for further analysis of the phylogeny of the entire genus. The cp genomes of Chinese Polyspora species will provide valuable information for species identification, molecular breeding and evolutionary analysis of genus Polyspora.

Background: Erdheim-Chester disease is a form of histiocytosis. It is an extremely rare illness. Since its discovery, hundreds of cases of this disease have been identified across the globe. Pathologically, the condition is characterized by proliferation of lipid-rich foam-like tissue cells, which is especially prevalent in bones. Approximately 50% of patients develop infiltration into organs other than the bones. Case description: A patient with fever and bone pain is described in this case report. After visiting multiple hospitals and departments, undergoning battery of investigations, and ruling out other diseases, the patient was pathologically diagnosed with Erdheim-Chester disease after a biopsy of the associated bone destruction. The condition improved with symptomatic therapy. Conclusion: Numerous clinical symptoms make non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis challenging to diagnose and requires pathological diagnosis. Patients with unexplained multiple bone destruction must be alert against this disease from a clinical standpoint.

In this paper, a systematic study of different methods of manufacturing corroded components and their post-corrosion morphology has been carried out to verify the effectiveness of different accelerated corrosion testing methods. Corrosion tests were performed on specimens of construction steel Q345 by three corrosion methods, i.e., atmospheric exposure corrosion, salt spray accelerated corrosion, and accelerated electrochemical corrosion. The surface morphology of the specimens after corrosion was measured, the characteristics of the corrosion morphology development of the various corrosion methods of the components were analyzed, and the corresponding probability model of the corrosion morphology distribution was developed. Accordingly, a random corrosion surface modeling technique was developed based on the fast Fourier transform and two-dimensional digital filtering techniques, and the mechanical analysis of axially pressed components with different corrosion surfaces was carried out. The results indicate a clear difference in the undulation and variation pattern of the corroded surface under different corrosion methods. However, the disparity in the axial compression load capacity of the specimens under different surface conditions were minimal, was less than 1%. Therefore, the axial compression performance of corroded steel members can be studied using electrochemical corrosion and smooth corrosion surface simulation in the future study.

One of the mechanisms of chemotherapy is to increase the oxidative stress of cancer cells, leading to their apoptosis. Glutathione (GSH) and its related antioxidant enzymes might be stimulated to cope with increased oxidative stress during chemotherapy. Here, we studied the fluctuation in oxidative stress and GSH-related antioxidant capacities before tumor resection, after tumor resection, and after resection either with or without chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). This was a cross-sectional and follow-up design. We followed patients before having tumor resection (pre-resection), one month after tumor resection (post-resection), and after the first scheduled chemotherapy (post-chemo). If patients were required to receive chemotherapy after tumor resection, they were assigned to the chemotherapy group. Eligible patients were scheduled to undergo six to twelve cycles of chemotherapy at 2-week intervals and received single, double, or triple chemotherapeutic drugs as required. Those patients who did not require chemotherapy were assigned to the non-chemotherapy group. Indicators of oxidative stress and GSH-related antioxidant capacities were determined at the above three time points. We found in 48 patients of the chemotherapy group and in 43 patients of the non-chemotherapy group different fluctuations in levels of oxidative stress indicators and GSH-related antioxidant capacities starting from pre-resection, post-resection through the post-chemo period. Both groups showed significantly or slightly increased levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), GSH, and its related enzymes in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. Patients in the chemotherapy group had significantly lower plasma levels of GSH and glutathione disulfide (GSSG), but had significantly higher plasma glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities than patients in the non-chemotherapy group post-chemo. Plasma levels of malondialdehyde and AOPP were positively or negatively associated with GSH and GSSG levels post-chemo after adjustment for age, sex, and histological grading in patients receiving chemotherapy. These significant associations were, however, not seen in patients without chemotherapy. Patients with CRC may require higher GSH demands to cope with a greater oxidative stress resulting from chemotherapy.

Summary: Objective: Cervical lymph node (CLN) metastasis (CLNM) can be found in some patients with CLN-negative (cN0) papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC), while the risk factors are still unknown. This study aimed to examine the risk factors of CLNM in patients with cN0 PTMC, contributing to screening cN0 PTMC patients with high risk in CLNM for preventive CLN dissection (CLND). Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive patients pathologically diagnosed with cN0 PTMC and who underwent surgery at the General Surgery Department of China–Japan Friendship Hospital between 07/2016 and 01/2020. The patients were grouped according to whether CLNM was present. Factors associated with CLNM were analyzed, and a risk prediction model was established in logistic regression analysis, and their predictive power was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). Results: Finally, 171 patients were included; among them, 71 (41.5%) had CLNM. There were 32 males and 139 females. The multivariable analysis showed that males (OR = 5.619, 95%CI: 2.186–14.446; P

Nanoparticle elasticity is known to affect physiological fate but how this occurs is largely unknown. Here, the authors report on a study using nanoparticles differing in elasticity alone to show a difference in the protein corona, in particular apolipoprotein A-1 absorption, corresponds to differences in circulation time.

From the theoretical perspectives of value co-creation and value appropriation in platform governance, this study explores how a platform can design motivation mechanisms to induce the proactive efforts of providers to reduce customer complaints. We conducted a field experiment on a major Chinese peer-topeer real estate platform offering long-term rental properties. Specifically, when a renter (customer) complaint about a host (provider) occurs, we sent reminder messages to other unaffected hosts in the same neighborhoods (as the affected host) and urged them to proactively prevent similar complaints. The reminder messages varied in terms of their emphasis of the roles of different stakeholders in platformbased value co-creation (provider-emphasized vs. customer-emphasized) and how they explicated different value appropriation mechanisms (competition-based vs. cooperation-based). Results show that compared to the control message, customer-emphasized messages effectively motivated providers' proactive efforts to reduce customer complaints. Contrastingly, provider-emphasized messages led to the undesirable outcome of increasing customer complaints, possibly due to providers' shirking behavior. We also found that a competition-based value appropriation mechanism strengthened the motivating effect, whereas a cooperation-based mechanism undermined the motivating effect. The study provides important theoretical and practical implications for platforms on the design of effective governance mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) has been used by researchers across several areas because of its low-cost and no-radiation properties. Researchers use complex conductivity in bioimpedance experiments to evaluate changes in various indicators within the image target. The diverse volumes and edges of biological tissues and the large impedance range impose dedicated demands on hardware design. The EIT hardware with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), fast scanning and suitable for the impedance range of the image target is a fundamental foundation that EIT research needs to be equipped with. Understanding the characteristics of this technique and state-of-the-art design will accelerate the development of the robust system and provide a guidance for the superior performance of next-generation EIT. This review explores the hardware strategies for EIT proposed in the literature.