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Among the several techniques that allow the estimation of mean depths from airborne geophysical magnetic data, the Euler deconvolution became popular due to the high level of reliability in the generated data. With the use of this tool, it is possible to study structures remotely at different crustal levels that may or may not contain mineralization, consequently being able to determine potential targets for mineral exploration or to study better its relation with the structural background. With the analysis of the magnetic susceptibility of subsurface and the inversion profiles of the magnetic data (Euler deconvolution 2D) were interpolate a 3D model of the region, that allowed to generate a descriptive suggestion of the geometry of the Pari syncline, located in the Cuiabá Group, in the northwestern portion of the Paraguay belt. It has a strong structural control in the context of the Pari River basin and a great auriferous potential, as evidenced by updated research and exploration data. The data applied in this paper were extract from the Cuiabá aerogeophysical project and previous mappings and have their mean depths correlated with the Cuiabá group.

The perennial rhizomatous grass Arundo donax L. (Poaceae), the giant reed, is an exotic invasive species in several countries of Europe that is rapidly spreading in the savannas of Central Brazil, locally known as Cerrado. Allelopathy could facilitate the successful invasion of this species by hampering or suppressing the regeneration of the native vegetation. However, information on the phytotoxicity of A. donax extracts is limited. We investigated the allelopathic potential of A. donax leaf and rhizome extracts, screened them for phytochemicals by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and tested the extracts for antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity against Artemia salina. Aqueous and methanolic extracts were initially tested in germination and seedling growth bioassays using Lactuca sativa L. (Asteraceae). The aqueous extracts were then tested on five Cerrado tree species and on Megathyrsus maximus, an invasive, alien grass in the Cerrado. Extracts negatively affected germination and seedling growth of the target species. Leaf extracts were more inhibitory. Extracts did not show antioxidant and cytotoxic activity and had very low antimicrobial activity. Flavonoids, and other phenolics were detected mostly in leaves. Terpenes, which were also present in the leaves, were the main secondary metabolites in rhizomes. Alkaloids were detected by TLC in leaf methanolic extracts. However, 1H-NMR revealed the presence of indole alkaloids in methanolic extracts from rhizomes and leaves. We confirmed the allelopathic potential of this species and caution against weed control methods relying on cutting the plant back to soil level for favouring release of allelochemicals.

Wilms tumor (WT) is one of the most common solid tumors in children, accounting for 5–10% of all pediatric malignancies. This paper describes four cases of WT, each of which demonstrates particular characteristic.Case 1: A 3-year-old male diagnosed with a WT uniquely located in the isthmus of a horseshoe kidney. He underwent bilateral double J catheter insertions, tumor resection with partial isthmus nephrectomy, and lymphadenectomy.Case 2: A 3-year-old male presented with hematuria. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a left renal pelvis mass suspicious for urothelial neoplasia. The patient underwent total left nephroureterectomy with partial cystectomy.Case 3: A female patient with a history of right-sided WT at age 2, was readmitted as a 14 year old with a large left-sided renal mass and smaller bilateral pulmonary masses. She underwent tumor resection which revealed renal cell carcinoma.Case 4: A 2-year-old male patient underwent multiple surgeries after being diagnosed with bilateral WT. Later, the patient was found to have multiple hepatic metastases and underwent right hepatectomy using the associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) procedure.

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Background and Purpose: Cryotherapy is an affordable and popular treatment of soft tissue injuries, which can reduce inflammation and pain. Studies have specifically addressed young adults and athletes, and these findings have been extended to older adults in clinical practice. Aging is associated with changes in the skin, including collagen degradation, decreased fat layer thickness, and reduced blood flow, which can alter the skin response to stress. Because of age-related changes, there are concerns about the direct use of ice on the skin of older individuals. Skin injuries were also observed after cryotherapy. This study aimed to assess the most effective and safe cryotherapy for superficial skin cooling among older women. Methods: Eighteen older women were enrolled in this blinded, randomized, crossover, clinical trial. The mean values (SD) of their age, height, and weight were 70.0 years (6.0), 156.0 cm (9.1), and 72.8 kg (19.5), respectively. The participants underwent cryotherapy using bagged ice, bagged ice plus a wet towel, or gel pack for 20 minutes. The surface temperature of the skin was measured at the end ofa 20-minute cryotherapy session using an infrared thermometer. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was conducted to analyze the effect of cryotherapy modalities and time, as well as the interaction between these 2 factors. The secondary outcome wasthe presence ofcryotherapy-induced lesions. Results and Discussion: Cryotherapy modalities had significant effects on superficial skin temperature (P = .001). Time points after application also had an effect (P< .001) and no interaction was observed between cryotherapy modalities and time points (P = .051). Bonferroni post hoc evaluation showed that bagged ice (P = .008) and gel (P = .007) were more effective in decreasing the superficial skin temperature than bagged ice plus wet towel. No difference was observed between bagged ice and gel (P = .32). Three of the 18 patients experienced adverse effects with the gel pack. Conclusion: This study of older women found that ice and gel cooled the skin more effectively than ice wrapped in towels. However, the gel pack had some adverse effects. Therefore, bagged ice is recommended for cryotherapy in older women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most Aristolochiaceae species studied so far are from temperate regions, bearing self‐compatible protogynous trap flowers. Although self‐incompatibility has been suggested for tropical species, the causes of self‐sterility in this family remain unknown. To fill this gap, we studied the pollination of the tropical Aristolochia esperanzae, including the physical and physiological anti‐selfing mechanisms.Floral visitors trapped inside flowers were collected to determine the pollinators. Protogyny was characterized by observing the temporal expression of sexual phases and stigmatic receptivity tests. The breeding system was investigated using hand‐pollination treatments. Pollen tube growth was observed using epifluorescence to identify the self‐incompatibility mechanism.Flies were the most frequent visitors found inside A. esperanzae trap flowers, with individuals from the family Ulidiidae being potential pollinators since they carried pollen. The characteristic flower odour and presence of larvae indicate that A. esperanzae deceives flies through oviposition‐site mimicry. Although this species showed incomplete protogyny, stigmatic receptivity decreased during the male phase, avoiding self‐pollination. Fruits developed only after cross‐ and open pollination, indicating that the population is non‐autonomous, non‐apomictic, and self‐sterile. This occurred through a delay in the growth of geitonogamous pollen tubes to the ovary and lower ovule penetration, indicating a late‐acting self‐incompatibility mechanism.Our findings expand the number of families in which late‐acting self‐incompatibility has been reported, demonstrating that it is more widespread than previously thought, especially when considering less‐studied tropical species among the basal angiosperms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer stands out as one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, necessitating a nuanced understanding of its molecular underpinnings for effective treatment. Hormone receptors in breast cancer cells substantially influence treatment strategies, dictating therapeutic approaches in clinical settings, serving as a guide for drug development, and aiming to enhance treatment specificity and efficacy. Natural compounds, such as curcumin, offer a diverse array of chemical structures with promising therapeutic potential. Despite curcumin's benefits, challenges like poor solubility and rapid metabolism have spurred the exploration of analogs. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of the curcumin analog NC2603 to induce cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and explored its molecular mechanisms. Our findings reveal potent inhibition of cell viability (IC50 = 5.6 μM) and greater specificity than doxorubicin toward MCF-7 vs. non-cancer HaCaT cells. Transcriptome analysis identified 12,055 modulated genes, most notably upregulation of GADD45A and downregulation of ESR1, implicating CDKN1A-mediated regulation of proliferation and cell cycle genes. We hypothesize that the curcumin analog by inducing GADD45A expression and repressing ESR1, triggers the expression of CDKN1A, which in turn downregulates the expression of many important genes of proliferation and the cell cycle. These insights advance our understanding of curcumin analogs' therapeutic potential, highlighting not just their role in treatment, but also the molecular pathways involved in their activity toward breast cancer cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Os jardins zoológicos são importantes locais paraa educação, pesquisa e conservação da biodiversidade. O nosso objetivo foi sinalizara possibilidade de se trabalhar o ensino de Ciências num jardim zoológico amazônico. A pesquisa tem uma abordagem qualitativa com enfoque descritivo. Foi realizada durante a disciplina “Educação em Ciências em Espaços Não Formais”,ofertada pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação e Ensino de Ciências na Amazônia.Utilizamos como procedimento a observação direta, com um olhar reflexivo e crítico. Para registro dos dados usamos caderno de campo e câmera fotográfica. O jardim zoológico do CIGS é um ambiente rico em biodiversidade, que possibilita aos alunos um aprendizado por meio de práticas educativas que se aproximam do conhecimento prévio dos alunos. Foi importante para a turma de mestrado vivenciar esta experiência com um olhar de professor pesquisador, de como podemos usar esses espaços nas aulas de Ciências. Refletimos sobre a possibilidade de um ensino que relacione a teoria e a pratica, abrindo caminhopara aprendizagens significativas.

RESUMO Lesões de nervos periféricos levam a perda funcional elevada no tecido muscular. Assim, muitas pesquisas têm investigado técnicas cirúrgicas, como neurorrafias, e recursos terapêuticos, como eletroestimulação, para melhorar a funcionalidade de um músculo reinervado após lesão periférica. Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar os efeitos da eletroestimulação com corrente russa (2.500Hz, 4ms, 10 seg. de contração por 20 seg. de relaxamento, modulação de 10Hz e 100 Hz) na recuperação funcional após secção e neurorrafia término-lateral do coto distal do nervo fibular comum à face lateral do nervo tibial em ratos. Foram utilizados 25 ratos Wistar, machos, com 80 dias de vida, fornecidos pelo Biotério Central da Universidade Sagrado Coração (Bauru, SP, Brasil). Os animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em cinco grupos: grupo-controle Inicial (GCI), grupo-controle final (GCF), grupo experimental não tratado (GENT), grupo neurorrafia término-lateral com estimulação russa (GNTLER) e grupo-controle desnervado (GCD). A corrente russa foi iniciada cinco dias após neurorrafia e aplicada no músculo tibial cranial do GNTLER, 3 vezes por semana, totalizando 36 sessões. A estimulação elétrica foi eficaz para aumentar a amplitude e diminuir a latência do músculo reinervado, além de aumentar a força muscular em comparação ao GCD. Diante disso, conclui-se que a eletroestimulação de média frequência (corrente russa) foi eficiente na recuperação funcional do músculo tibial cranial após neurorrafia término-lateral do nervo fibular comum.

O sistema de integração avícola existe no Brasil há mais de sessenta anos. Esse modelo de integração é muito utilizado pelos produtores de frangos de corte da região de Cafelândia, Paraná. Além de ser muito importante para o desenvolvimento econômico da localidade, porque proporciona uma diversificação das atividades rurais, eleva o potencial de renda dos produtores, reduz o êxodo rural e agrega valor à propriedade. Os produtores de frangos de corte que aderem ao sistema de integração ficam vinculados a uma indústria integradora que disponibiliza os insumos. Em contrapartida o produtor se responsabiliza pela construção do galpão, manutenção, e mão de obra. A presente investigação visa identificar as vantagens e desvantagens percebidas pelos produtores de frangos de corte da região de Cafelândia, Paraná, atrelados a um contrato de integração. A produção avícola integrada é uma fonte de renda para os produtores rurais, além de possibilitar o desenvolvimento econômico.

A pessoa humana sente a necessidade de expor suas ideias e pensamentos. E pode fazê-lo no exercício da liberdade inerente à sua condição humana. Essa realidade impõe o dever de proteger sua liberdade de manifestação de pensamento, tarefa para a qual o Estado está constitucionalmente obrigado. A liberdade de manifestação do pensamento está protegida nos âmbitos nacional e internacional. Tanto a Constituição brasileira de 1988 e vários outros documentos jurídico-normativos da ordem internacional tratam da matéria, como por exemplo, a Declaração de Direitos do Homem e do Cidadão de 1789. Apesar da sua ampla proteção, o direito à liberdade de expressão, que inclui as suas diversas facetas, liberdade de manifestação do pensamento; de opinião; de crença; e de religião, assim, como os demais direitos fundamentais, não são dotados de caráter absoluto, devem coexistir de forma harmônica (...).

Abstract Background Trichophyton rubrum is the main etiological agent of skin and nail infections worldwide. Because of its keratinolytic activity and anthropophilic nature, infection models based on the addition of protein substrates have been employed to assess transcriptional profiles and to elucidate aspects related to host-pathogen interactions. Chalcones are widespread compounds with pronounced activity against dermatophytes. The toxicity of trans-chalcone towards T. rubrum is not fully understood but seems to rely on diverse cellular targets. Within this context, a better understanding of the mode of action of trans-chalcone may help identify new strategies of antifungal therapy and reveal new chemotherapeutic targets. This work aimed to assess the transcriptional profile of T. rubrum grown on different protein sources (keratin or elastin) to mimic natural infection sites and exposed to trans-chalcone in order to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the antifungal activity of trans-chalcone. Results Overall, the use of different protein sources caused only slight differences in the transcriptional profile of T. rubrum. The main differences were the modulation of proteases and lipases in gene categories when T. rubrum was grown on keratin and elastin, respectively. In addition, some genes encoding heat shock proteins were up-regulated during the growth of T. rubrum on keratin. The transcriptional profile of T. rubrum exposed to trans-chalcone included four main categories: fatty acid and lipid metabolism, overall stress response, cell wall integrity pathway, and alternative energy metabolism. Consistently, T. rubrum Mapk was strongly activated during the first hours of trans-chalcone exposure. Noteworthy, trans-chalcone inhibited genes involved in keratin degradation. The results also showed effects of trans-chalcone on fatty acid synthesis and metabolic pathways involved in acetyl-CoA supply. Conclusion Our results suggest that the mode of action of trans-chalcone is related to pronounced changes in fungal metabolism, including an imbalance between fatty acid synthesis and degradation that interferes with cell membrane and cell wall integrity. In addition, this compound exerts activity against important virulence factors. Taken together, trans-chalcone acts on targets related to dermatophyte physiology and the infection process.

ABSTRACT This article reports the case of a patient with lingual bronchogenic cyst and presents a brief review of discrepancies in the nomenclature of lingual cysts. A 2-year-old male patient was admitted to the pediatric surgery outpatient clinic of a university hospital due to the presence of a 2 cm mass on the dorsal surface of the tongue. The tumor was excised and the anatomopathological report revealed a foregut cyst, bronchogenic subtype. Lingual cysts are rare, especially when compatible with bronchogenic formations. Their pathogenic process is not clear; one of the possibilities is the separation of cells from the primitive gut, before the separation between the esophagus and the trachea. The treatment usually consists of surgical excision.