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Originally identified as an RNA polymerase II interactor, Che-1/AATF (Che-1) has now been recognized as a multifunctional protein involved in cell-cycle regulation and cancer progression, as well as apoptosis inhibition and response to stress. This protein displays a peculiar nucleolar localization and it has recently been implicated in pre-rRNA processing and ribosome biogenesis. Here, we report the identification of a novel function of Che-1 in the regulation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis, in both cancer and normal cells. We demonstrate that Che-1 interacts with RNA polymerase I and nucleolar upstream binding factor (UBF) and promotes RNA polymerase I-dependent transcription. Furthermore, this protein binds to the rRNA gene (rDNA) promoter and modulates its epigenetic state by contrasting the recruitment of HDAC1. Che-1 downregulation affects RNA polymerase I and UBF recruitment on rDNA and leads to reducing rDNA promoter activity and 47S pre-rRNA production. Interestingly, Che-1 depletion induces abnormal nucleolar morphology associated with re-distribution of nucleolar proteins. Finally, we show that upon DNA damage Che-1 re-localizes from rDNA to TP53 gene promoter to induce cell-cycle arrest. This previously uncharacterized function of Che-1 confirms the important role of this protein in the regulation of ribosome biogenesis, cellular proliferation and response to stress.

BackgroundRapid and extensive testing of large parts of the population and specific subgroups is crucial for proper management of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections and decision-making in times of a pandemic outbreak. However, point-of-care (POC) testing in places such as emergency units, outpatient clinics, airport security points or the entrance of any public building is a major challenge. The need for thermal cycling and nucleic acid isolation hampers the use of standard PCR-based methods for this purpose.MethodsTo avoid these obstacles, we tested PCR-independent methods for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from primary material (nasopharyngeal swabs) including reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) and specific high-sensitivity enzymatic reporter unlocking (SHERLOCK).ResultsWhilst specificity of standard RT-LAMP assays appears to be satisfactory, sensitivity does not reach the current gold-standard quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays yet. We describe a novel multiplexed RT-LAMP approach and validate its sensitivity on primary samples. This approach allows for fast and reliable identification of infected individuals. Primer optimization and multiplexing helps to increase sensitivity significantly. In addition, we directly compare and combine our novel RT-LAMP assays with SHERLOCK.ConclusionIn summary, this approach reveals one-step multiplexed RT-LAMP assays as a prime-option for the development of easy and cheap POC test kits.

Este artigo examina os motivos da violência dirigida a pessoas que pertencem simultaneamente a minorias raciais e sexuais e também as razões pelas quais ela pode levar esses indivíduos a praticar atos ilícitos. Com o intuito de compreender esse fenômeno complexo, desenvolvemos a noção de repertório identificatório, conceito que possui três significações: ele designa um conjunto de prescrições sociais que determinam as identidades que podem ser expressas no espaço público, um conjunto de representações positivas e negativas sobre grupos sociais conexos e também as condições institucionais necessárias para o alcance de objetivos pessoais. Ele será empregado para uma análise da trajetória do personagem principal do filme Moonlight, indivíduo que se torna um delinquente em função da significação social de diversas relações entre criminalidade e masculinidade em diferentes aspectos de sua vida. Essa história espelha a situação de centenas de milhares de pessoas cujo contexto de vida pode fazer com que elas recorram ao crime para que possam compensar o sentimento de frustração gerado pela violência baseada na identidade.

Agent-based models are nowadays widely used; however, their calibration on real data still remains an open issue which prevents to exploit completely their potentiality. Rarely such a kind of models can be studied analytically; more often they are studied by simulation. Among the problems encountered in ABM calibration, the choice of the criteria to fit can appear arbitrary. Markov chain analysis can come through to identify a standard procedure able to face this issue. Indeed, Izquierdo et al. (J Artif Soc Soc Simul 12(16):1–6, 2009) show that many computer simulation models can be represented as Markov chains. Exploiting such an idea classical minimum distance and its simulated counterpart, i.e., simulated minimum distance, are discussed theoretically and applied to Kirman model, which can be reformulated as a Markov chain. Comparison with approximate Bayesian computation is also addressed.

Malnutrition is common in small animals, but underdiagnosed in veterinary medicine. It is associated to biochemical and physical changes, and frequently has clinical complications and poor prognosis. Its early recognition allows a correct nutritional management, which increases survival. Currently, many studies focus on the efficacy of laboratory markers of nutritional status (NS) and prognosis. We reviewed the literature with focus on the following markers: erythrogram, leukogram, cholesterol, albumin, total protein, serum transferrin, and C-reactive protein. Hypocholesteronemia, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia and normochromic normocytic anemia are indicators of chronic malnutrition and poor prognosis. The interpretation of NS should occur along with inflammatory markers to differentiate malnutrition from inflammation.

This study evaluated the amount of apically extruded debris after chemo-mechanical preparation (CMP) using positive and negative pressure irrigation systems [Conventional irrigation (CI) and EndoVac (EV)] in association with different irrigants [6% Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% Chlorhexidine gel + saline solution (CHXg + SS), 2% Chlorhexidine solution (CHXs) or Saline solution (SS)]. Eighty mandibular premolars with single root canals were selected and randomly assigned into 8 groups (n = 10) according to the irrigation system and the irrigant used during CMP: G1 (EV + NaOCl), G2 (EV + CHXg + SS), G3 (EV + CHXs), G4 (EV + SS), G5 (CI + NaOCl), G6 (CI + CHXg + SS), G7 (CI + CHXs) and G8 (CI + SS). Reciproc® R25 files (25/.08) were used during the CMP and the extruded debris from each tooth was collected in pre-weighted Eppendorf tubes and dried. The average weight of debris was assessed using a microbalance, and the data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and the post hoc Tukey’s test (a = 0.05). All groups were associated with debris extrusion. EV was the irrigation system with less extruded debris (p < 0.05). No differences were observed regarding the irrigant when EV was used. When CI was used, CHXg + SS were associated with lower debris extrusion (p < 0.05). It was concluded that no irrigation protocol succeeded in preventing debris extrusion. EV resulted in lower levels of debris extrusion than CI. The use of CHXg + SS resulted in lower debris extrusion. Resumo Este estudo avaliou a quantidade de debris extruídos apicalmente após o preparo químico-mecânico (PQM) utilizando sistemas de irrigação com pressão positiva e negativa [irrigação convencional (IC) e EndoVac (EV)] em associação com diferentes irrigantes [hipoclorito de sódio 6% (NaOCl), clorexidina gel + solução salina (CLXg + SS), solução de clorexidina 2% (CLXs) ou solução salina (SS)]. Oitenta pré-molares inferiores com único canal radicular foram selecionados e aleatoriamente alocados em 8 grupos (n=10) de acordo com o sistema de irrigação e irrigante utilizado durante o PQM: G1 (EV + NaOCl), G2 (EV + CLXg + SS), G3 (EV + CLXs), G4 (EV + SS), G5 (IC + NaOCl), G6 (IC + CLXg + SS), G7 (IC + CLXs) e G8 (IC + SS). Limas Reciproc® R25 foram utilizadas durante o PQM e os debris extruídos de cada dente foi coletado em tubos pré-pesados e secos. O peso médio de debris foi avaliado por meio de microbalança, e os dados foram analisados estatisticamente utilizando ANOVA e teste de Tukey (a = 0.05). Todos os grupos foram associados com extrusão de debris. EV foi o sistema de irrigação com menos debris extruídos (p

RESUMO: O objetivo desse estudo foi o de avaliar as frações proteicas em secreções colostrais de vacas acometidas por mastite clínica imediatamente após o parto. Para tanto, foram utilizadas 30 vacas da raça Holandesa distribuídas em três grupos, a saber: Grupo I (GI)- 10 vacas pluríparas sadias, Grupo II (GII) 10 vacas pluríparas que pariram com mastite assintomática e Grupo III (GIII) 10 vacas pluríparas que pariram com mastite clínica. Foram avaliadas as concentrações de imunoglobulina a (IgA), lactoferrina (LF), albumina, imunoglobulina G (IgG), β-lactoglobulina (β-Lg) e α-lactoalbumina (α-La) por meio da eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida contendo dodecil sulfato de sódio (SDS-PAGE).Observou-se que a IgG, LF e a albumina variaram entre as glândulas com mastite assintomática e clínica quando comparadas às glândulas sadias, e que a presença de um único microrganismo é capaz de promover alterações no proteinograma, com ou sem manifestações clínicas na glândula mamária.

MRE11 is a component of the MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 (MRN) complex, whose activity is essential to control faithful DNA replication and to prevent accumulation of deleterious DNA double-strand breaks. In humans, hypomorphic mutations in these genes lead to DNA damage response (DDR)-defective and cancer-prone syndromes. Moreover, MRN complex dysfunction dramatically affects the nervous system, where MRE11 is required to restrain MYCN-dependent replication stress, during the rapid expansion of progenitor cells. MYCN activation, often due to genetic amplification, represents the driving oncogenic event for a number of human tumors, conferring bad prognosis and predicting very poor responses even to the most aggressive therapeutic protocols. This is prototypically exemplified by neuroblastoma, where MYCN amplification occurs in about 25% of the cases. Intriguingly, MRE11 is highly expressed and predicts bad prognosis in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma. Due to the lack of direct means to target MYCN, we explored the possibility to trigger intolerable levels of replication stress-dependent DNA damage, by inhibiting MRE11 in MYCN-amplified preclinical models. Indeed, either MRE11 knockdown or its pharmacological inhibitor mirin induce accumulation of replication stress and DNA damage biomarkers in MYCN-amplified cells. The consequent DDR recruits p53 and promotes a p53-dependent cell death, as indicated by p53 loss- and gain-of-function experiments. Encapsulation of mirin in nanoparticles allowed its use on MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma xenografts in vivo, which resulted in a sharp impairment of tumor growth, associated with DDR activation, p53 accumulation, and cell death. Therefore, we propose that MRE11 inhibition might be an effective strategy to treat MYCN-amplified and p53 wild-type neuroblastoma, and suggest that targeting replication stress with appropriate tools should be further exploited to tackle MYCN-driven tumors.

Many European local governments are seeking out ways to encourage interreligious initiatives. This article focuses on the cases of Barcelona and Turin. Both cities are pioneering new forms of governance of the religious field in Southern Europe, while also being a source of inspiration for other cities. The article traces the genealogy of the institutional collaboration between interreligious actors and local governments, and develops a typology to examine how interreligious groups intervene in both cities’ public sphere. The article shows the crucial role of Catholic intellectuals and also of the celebration of the Olympic Games in fostering local dynamics of cooperation between municipalities and religious actors. The article concludes by arguing that the increasing securitarization of the religious domain in both cities have transformed the active involvement of interreligious groups in local governance into a process of domestication of the religious field.

Growth and patterning of the cerebellum is compromised if granule cell precursors do not properly expand and migrate. During embryonic and postnatal cerebellar development, the Hedgehog pathway tightly regulates granule cell progenitors to coordinate appropriate foliation and lobule formation. Indeed, granule cells impairment or defects in the Hedgehog signaling are associated with developmental, neurodegenerative and neoplastic disorders. So far, scant and inefficient cellular models have been available to study granule cell progenitors, in vitro. Here, we validated a new culture method to grow postnatal granule cell progenitors as hedgehog-dependent neurospheres with prolonged self-renewal and ability to differentiate into granule cells, under appropriate conditions. Taking advantage of this cellular model, we provide evidence that Ptch1-KO, but not the SMO-M2 mutation, supports constitutive and cell-autonomous activity of the hedgehog pathway.

Background Genetic testing for BRCA1/2 germline mutations in hereditary breast/ovarian cancer patients requires screening for single nucleotide variants, small insertions/deletions and large genomic rearrangements (LGRs). These studies have long been run by Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). The recent introduction of next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms dramatically improved the speed and the efficiency of DNA testing for nucleotide variants, while the possibility to correctly detect LGRs by this mean is still debated. The purpose of this study was to establish whether and to which extent the development of an analytical algorithm could help us translating NGS sequencing via an Ion Torrent PGM platform into a tool suitable to identify LGRs in hereditary breast-ovarian cancer patients. Methods We first used NGS data of a group of three patients (training set), previously screened in our laboratory by conventional methods, to develop an algorithm for the calculation of the dosage quotient (DQ) to be compared with the Ion Reporter (IR) analysis. Then, we tested the optimized pipeline with a consecutive cohort of 85 uncharacterized probands (validation set) also subjected to MLPA analysis. Characterization of the breakpoints of three novel BRCA1 LGRs was obtained via long-range PCR and direct sequencing of the DNA products. Results In our cohort, the newly defined DQ-based algorithm detected 3/3 BRCA1 LGRs, demonstrating 100% sensitivity and 100% negative predictive value (NPV) (95% CI [87.6–99.9]) compared to 2/3 cases detected by IR (66.7% sensitivity and 98.2% NPV (95% CI [85.6–99.9])). Interestingly, DQ and IR shared 12 positive results, but exons deletion calls matched only in five cases, two of which confirmed by MLPA. The breakpoints of the 3 novel BRCA1 deletions, involving exons 16–17, 21–22 and 20, have been characterized. Conclusions Our study defined a DQ-based algorithm to identify BRCA1 LGRs using NGS data. Whether confirmed on larger data sets, this tool could guide the selection of samples to be subjected to MLPA analysis, leading to significant savings in time and money.

Submitted by Guilherme Gonçalves Fabretti Santos (guilherme_fabretti@hotmail.com) on 2019-11-18T13:43:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese atual Guilherme_corrigida.pdf: 1965922 bytes, checksum: 5d7e05b565baf6965c99548a4a04405f (MD5) Rejected by Ederson Vasconcelos Pereira null (edersonpereira@fmva.unesp.br), reason: Prezado Doutorando Guilherme Gonçalves Fabretti Santos, Solicito que faça as seguintes correções em sua Tese: * Na Folha de Rosto: Nome do Orientador: Alinhado do meio da página para a margem direita. ( vide pg.9 da Normalização) * Na Ficha Catalográfica: Colocar Orientador: Profº Dr. ( está Orientadora). ( vide pg 10 da Normalização) * Em RESUMO e ABSTRACT: Referência do trabalho, elaborada conforme a norma utilizada na lista de referências ( vide pg 14 da Normalização) * No SUMÁRIO: 1 (excluir espaço) 2 (excluir espaço) 3.3.2 Análises bioquímicos 3.3.3 Análises hormonais 3.3.4 Fracionamento eletroforético 3.4 Análise Estatística 4 RESULTADOS 5 (excluir espaço) 6 (excluir espaço) * Todos os Títulos da Tese - alinhados à margem esquerda; * Incluir no SUMÁRIO e colocar seção: Objetivos gerais e objetivos específicos; * Palavra REFERÊNCIAS : Fonte 14; Maiúscula; Negrito; Centralizado ( vide pg 22 da Normalização) Solicito que, após as devidas correções, submeta novamente. Att, Ederson Vasconcelos Pereira Responsável pelo Repositório Institucional UNESP - FMVA on 2019-11-18T20:22:09Z (GMT) Submitted by Guilherme Gonçalves Fabretti Santos (guilherme_fabretti@hotmail.com) on 2019-11-19T19:16:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese atual Guilherme_corrigida.pdf: 1965922 bytes, checksum: 5d7e05b565baf6965c99548a4a04405f (MD5) Tese atual Guilherme_corrigida_nova_19-11-19.pdf: 1973157 bytes, checksum: acd12f72fd9de3be744bd3aea95ca049 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Ederson Vasconcelos Pereira null (edersonpereira@fmva.unesp.br) on 2019-11-19T20:20:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_ggf_dr_araca_int.pdf: 1973157 bytes, checksum: acd12f72fd9de3be744bd3aea95ca049 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-19T20:20:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_ggf_dr_araca_int.pdf: 1973157 bytes, checksum: acd12f72fd9de3be744bd3aea95ca049 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-10-18 A transferência nuclear de células somáticas de animais de produção é realizada há mais de 20 anos. No que concerne aos bovinos, uma série de anormalidades tem sido observada, tanto do ponto de vista metabólico como fisiológico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os índices de morbimortalidade de bezerros da raça Nelore clonados durante o primeiro mês de vida. Desta forma, foram avaliadas as características clínico-laboratoriais, bem como as principais alterações anatomopatológicas em bezerros da raça Nelore oriundos de transferência nuclear de células somáticas (TNCS)-clonagem, comparando-os com animais desta mesma raça, frutos de fertilização in vitro (FIV). Para tanto, os animais foram alocados em dois grupos, a saber: Grupo I (GI) - 10 animais frutos de TNCS; e, Grupo II (GII) - 10 animais oriundos de FIV. Nos respectivos bezerros, todos obtidos por cesariana, foram realizadas as avaliações físicas, bem como coleta de amostras de sangue nos momentos 0 (ao nascimento), 2, 4, 6 e 12 horas de vida a fim de avaliar os resultados de hemograma, análises bioquímicas e proteinograma sérico, comparando-os entre os grupos e momentos avaliados. Nos animais que vieram a óbito foi realizada a necropsia para investigar a “possível” causa mortis. A mortalidade atingiu 90% dos animais do GI e 20% do GII, durante as primeiras 48 horas de vida. Ao exame físico observou-se que 50% dos bezerros do GI e 10% do GII apresentavam peso excessivo ao nascimento. Ademais, 30% dos animais do GI eram possuidores de deformidades nos membros. O escore de APGAR indicou animais com baixa e moderada vitalidade, perfazendo 80% e 60% dos bezerros do GI e GII, respectivamente. Em adição, notou-se que a baixa pontuação apresentou correlação negativa com a concentração plasmática de lactato, não apresentando, no entanto, analogia significativa com a presença de mecônio ao nascimento em cada grupo individualmente. Essa característica, no GI, esteve envolvida com alterações da frequência respiratória, em virtude da inalação deste. Nesse aspecto, constatou-se uma hiperlactemia em ambos grupos sendo superior no GI a partir da segunda hora de vida persistindo elevada, mesmo após a oxigenioterapia. As alterações laboratoriais no GI incluíram anemia ao longo do período experimental, de origem hemolítica, aumento da creatinina e hipercalcemia. No GII observou-se anemia ferropriva ao fim do período experimental, leucocitose por neutrofilia, hiperinsulinemia e hipoglicemia. O proteinograma sérico denotou diferenças significativas nos valores de IgG a partir das seis horas de vida, sendo superior nos animais do GII. Ao exame anatomopatológico constatou-se atelectasia, edema e enfisema pulmonar bem como visceromegalia acometendo o fígado. Malformações cardíacas e renais também foram denotadas, além de distúrbios de natureza circulatória nos órgãos do trato gastrointestinal. Conclui-se que os animais oriundos da TNCS apresentam alterações fisiológicas, metabólicas e anatomopatológicas, ocasionando, em grande parte, maior taxa de óbitos durante o período perinatal. Over past 20 years, the production animal species have been successfully cloned from somatic cell lines including cattle. In this specie metabolic and physiological complications have been seen. The aim of this study was to evaluate morbity-mortality of Nelore cloned calves during the first 30 days of life. For this clinical, laboratorial and pathological disturbances of Nelore cloned calves derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) was took over and compare them with animals from the same breed from in vitro fertilization (IVF). For this, two groups were formed. Group I (GI): Ten calves derived from SCNT and group II (GII): Ten calves derived from IVF. In both groups delivered by cesarean section, the physical and blood collection for laboratorial assessments was carried out at birth, 2, 4, 6 and 12 hours after delivered to evaluate clinical, hematological, biochemistry and serum proteinogram compared then between the groups and the moments. Necropsy was performed in every animal that died to identify the possible causa mortis. The mortality rate was 90% in GI and 20% in GII during the first 48 hours. Based on physical examination 50% of the GI animals and 10% of the GII animals had overweight at birth. Limb flexural deformity was noted in 30% of calves in GI. At birth 80% and 60% of the calves in GI and GII, respectively had low and moderate APGAR score index. It was noted that the low score was negative correlated with plasma lactate concentration with no relation with meconium-stained at birth in the individual groups. The meconium-stained, in GI was involved with alterations in respiratory rates probably due meconium aspiration. This situation may took to hyperlactemia in both groups but with higher concentrations in GI from 2 hours after birth persisting even oxygen supplementation. Laboratory abnormalities in GI included anemia hemolytic in origin that persists along the experimental period, increased creatinine and hyperlactemia. In GII the anemia was due iron deficiencies only at the final of the experimental period, stress leukogram, hyperinsulinemia and hypoglycemia. The serum proteinogram showed significantly differences in IgG values at six hours with high values in GII. The necropsy finds identified pulmonary atelectasis, edema and emphysema as well as liver visceromegali. Renal and heart abnormalities and circulatory alterations in gastrointestinal organs were noted too. In conclusion cloned calves showed physiological, metabolic and pathological abnormalities leading the high mortality rates during the perinatal period

This article seeks to make a critical analysis of the Anti-Crime Bill, proposed by the Brazilian Executive and sent to the Legislative Branch in 2019. The article seeks to explain why this proposal violates the Constitution of 1988, the individual rights and the founding bases of criminal guaranty. If it is approved, this law tends to amplify state violence, especially that directed against the less privileged and against the black population. Este artigo aborda de modo crítico o Projeto de Lei Anticrime, do Ministério da Justiça (PLA), apresentado pelo Poder Executivo. Buscamos demonstrar que a proposta atenta contra a Constituição de 1988, os direitos individuais e as bases fundantes do garantismo penal. Além disso, se aprovada, tende a ampliar a violência de Estado, marcadamente aquela dirigida contra os menos favorecidos, especialmente a população negra.

Summary The cellular response to hypoxia is crucial to organismal survival, and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) are the key mediators of this response. HIF-signaling is central to many human diseases and mediates longevity in the nematode. Despite the rapidly increasing knowledge on RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), little is known about their contribution to hypoxia-induced cellular adaptation. We used RNA interactome capture (RIC) in wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans and vhl-1 loss-of-function mutants to fill this gap. This approach identifies more than 1,300 nematode RBPs, 270 of which can be considered novel RBPs. Interestingly, loss of vhl-1 modulates the RBPome. This difference is not primarily explained by protein abundance suggesting differential RNA-binding. Taken together, our study provides a global view on the nematode RBPome and proteome as well as their modulation by HIF-signaling. The resulting RBP atlas is also provided as an interactive online data mining tool (http://shiny.cecad.uni-koeln.de:3838/celegans_rbpome)., Graphical Abstract, Highlights • RNA interactome capture in wild-type C. elegans and vhl-1 loss-of-function mutants • Identification of 1,354 nematode RBPs, 270 of which can be considered novel RBPs • The modulation of the RBPome by vhl-1 is primary explained by differential RNA-binding • The resulting RBP atlas is provided as an interactive online data mining tool, Biological Sciences; Molecular Biology; Molecular Interaction; Molecular Network; Integrative Aspects of Cell Biology; Proteomics

This article seeks to make a critical analysis of the Anti-Crime Bill, proposed by the Brazilian Executive and sent to the Legislative Branch in 2019. The article seeks to explain why this proposal violates the Constitution of 1988, the individual rights and the founding bases of criminal guaranty. If it is approved, this law tends to amplify state violence, especially that directed against the less privileged and against the black population.

Background RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are fundamental regulators of cellular biology that affect all steps in the generation and processing of RNA molecules. Recent evidence suggests that regulation of RBPs that modulate both RNA stability and translation may have a profound effect on the proteome. However, regulation of RBPs in clinically relevant experimental conditions has not been studied systematically. Methods We used RNA interactome capture, a method for the global identification of RBPs to characterize the global RNA‐binding proteome (RBPome) associated with polyA-tailed RNA species in murine ciliated epithelial cells of the inner medullary collecting duct. To study regulation of RBPs in a clinically relevant condition, we analyzed hypoxia-associated changes of the RBPome. Results We identified >1000 RBPs that had been previously found using other systems. In addition, we found a number of novel RBPs not identified by previous screens using mouse or human cells, suggesting that these proteins may be specific RBPs in differentiated kidney epithelial cells. We also found quantitative differences in RBP-binding to mRNA that were associated with hypoxia versus normoxia. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the regulation of RBPs through environmental stimuli and provide insight into the biology of hypoxia-response signaling in epithelial cells in the kidney. A repository of the RBPome and proteome in kidney tubular epithelial cells, derived from our findings, is freely accessible online, and may contribute to a better understanding of the role of RNA-protein interactions in kidney tubular epithelial cells, including the response of these cells to hypoxia.

The spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) effect arises from spin-transfer processes across the interface between a spin Hall active metal and an insulating magnet. While the SMR response of ferrimagnetic and antiferromagnetic insulators has been studied extensively, the SMR of a paramagnetic spin ensemble is not well established. Thus, we investigate herein the magnetoresistive response of as-deposited yttrium iron garnet/platinum thin film bilayers as a function of the orientation and the amplitude of an externally applied magnetic field. Structural and magnetic characterization show no evidence for crystalline order or spontaneous magnetization in the yttrium iron garnet layer. Nevertheless, we observe a clear magnetoresistance response with a dependence on the magnetic field orientation characteristic for the SMR. We propose two models for the origin of the SMR response in paramagnetic insulator/Pt heterostructures. The first model describes the SMR of an ensemble of non-interacting paramagnetic moments, while the second model describes the magnetoresistance arising by considering the total net moment. Interestingly, our experimental data are consistently described by the net moment picture, in contrast to the situation in compensated ferrimagnets or antiferromagnets., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures