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To assess the effectiveness of a new scale known as "Emergency department SpO2 (peripheral capillary oxygen saturation), age, and SIRS (Systemic inflammatory response syndrome)" (ED-SAS) that can be used to predict prognosis within 24 hours following presentation compatible with acute pancreatitis in patients admitted to the emergency department. This research project was conducted as a single-center, retrospective, cohort study. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), SIRS, Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP), EDSAS, modified Glasgow Scale and Ranson criteria scoring of the patients were evaluated using their presentation data screened from the hospital automation system. Then, the efficiencies of these evaluation systems were compared using the receiving operating curve (ROC). The conformity of the data to the normal distribution was checked with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The ROC analyses were employed to identify the cutoff values of the scoring systems in calculating death rates. The method developed by DeLong et al. was used to compare the ROC curves of the scoring systems. The study has been completed with 235 patients, 91 (38.7%) male and 144 (61.3%) female, with a mean age of 63.1 ± 17.7 years. In the ROC analysis of the ED-SAS evaluation tool to predict death rates, the area under the curve (AUC) value was found to be 0.85 (95% confidence interval: 0.79-0.89), and the Youden index was 0.62, with a p value of 0.001. Mortality prediction with ED-SAS significantly differed compared to the Ranson and SIRS scoring systems (P = 0.001 and P = 0.03, respectively). However, no statistically significant difference was found in the comparison of the ED-SAS score with the modified Glasgow and APACHE II scores (P = 0.12 and P = 0.54, respectively). It was concluded that the Baseband ED-SAS scores provided equally significant results in terms of AUC at the 95% confidence interval (P = 0.05). Statistical analyses revealed that the APACHE II, SIRS, BISAP, modified Glasgow and ED-SAS scores were found to be significantly higher among the dead in comparison to the survivors (P < 0.05). ED-SAS constitutes a simple, fast, expedient and effective evaluation system that can be utilized to predict mortality in acute pancreatitis in the emergency setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Abstract Background Women with PCOS have been reported to be at increased risk of a number of gynaecological neoplasias, including endometrial, breast, and ovarian cancer. Studies of the possible association of genetic variation in progesterone receptor polymorphism with risk of ovarian and breast cancer have concentrated on a variant known as PROGINS. Methods Ninety-five young women with PCOS and 99 healthy control women were included in our study. All subjects underwent venous blood drawing for complete hormonal assays, lipid profile, glucose, insulin and PROGINS polymorphism genetic study. Results In PROGINS polymorphism results; in both control and the patient groups T1/T1 has been detected in high levels. But for genotype (p = 0.178) and allele (p = 0.555) frequencies both of the groups give similar results. Statistically significant difference has been detected on serum FSH levels for T1/T1 genotype according to T2/T2 genotype. Conclusion No relation has been detected between the inflammatory and oxidative stress factors, and PROGINS polymorphism alleles. This may be because the PCOS patients are young and their BMI means are normal and their CIMT and oxidative stress markers are like healthy women.

Abstract Background As anorexia and hypermetabolism are common in cirrhosis, leptin levels may be increased in this disease. In this study, we investigated the relation between the severity of disease and serum leptin levels in post-hepatitis cirrhosis and the role of body composition, gender and viral aetiology of cirrhosis in this association. Methods Thirty-five cases with post-hepatitis cirrhosis and 15 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Body composition including body mass index, body fat percentage and body fat mass were determined. Serum leptin levels were assayed. Results Leptin levels were significantly higher among cirrhotic patients independent of sex compared to controls (p = 0.001). Female patients in both groups have had higher leptin levels than males (in cirrhotics p = 0.029, in controls p = 0.02). Cirrhotic patients in each of A, B and C subgroups according to the Child- Pugh classification revealed significantly different levels compared to controls (p = 0.046, p = 0.004, p = 0.0001, respectively). Male cirrhotics in Child-Pugh Class B and C subgroups had significantly higher leptin levels compared to male controls (p = 0.006, p = 0.008). On the other hand, female patients only in Child Pugh class C subgroup have had higher levels of serum leptin compared to controls (p = 0.022). Child-Pugh classification has been found to be the sole discriminator in determination of leptin levels in cirrhotics by linear regression (beta: 0.435 p = 0.015). Conclusion Serum leptin levels increase in advanced liver disease independently of gender, body composition in posthepatitic cirrhosis. The increase is more abundant among patients that belong to C subgroup according to the Child- Pugh classification.

Objective: To investigate the antiproliferative, anti-angiogenic, and apoptotic effects of extracts of Achillea biebersteinii (ABE) and combined treatments of ABE with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on HT-29 cells. Methods: The effects of ABE, 5-FU, and combined treatments on the viability of HT-29 cells were determined by 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Isobologram analysis was used to determine synergism between ABE and 5-FU. The apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects were determined by cell death detection and human vascular endothelial growth factor ELISA method, respectively. Transcriptional and translational expressions of p53, Bax, Bcl-2, p38 MAPK, Akt, PTEN, and mTOR were also evaluated by real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis. Results: ABE decreased the viability of HT-29 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Combined treatment of hexane, chloroform, and methanol extracts of Achillea biebersteinii with 5-FU at IC50 doses decreased the cell viability to 26.0%, 19.1%, and 14.9%, respectively (P<0.001). Furthermore, ABE treatment alone and combination with 5-FU, induced apoptosis, significantly downregulated mTOR, Akt, Bcl-2 expression, upregulated p53, Bax, PTEN, p38 MAPK expression, and exhibited anti-angiogenetic effects. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that ABE shows synergism with 5-FU and inhibits the proliferation of HT-29 cells by inducing apoptosis and suppressing angiogenesis, which may provide biological evidence for further use of ABE in the treatment of colorectal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we examine the global stability and boundedness of the difference equation ... where the initial conditions x-2, x-1, x0 are non zero real numbers and,, and α, β, γ and θ are positive constants such that α + β ≤ γ +θ. Also, we discuss and illustrate the stability of the solutions of the considered equation via MATLAB at the end of study to support our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: QT interval is generally related to the increased risk of polymorphic ventricular tachycardias and ventricular arrythmias. Intubation and laryngoscopy might change in cardiac repolarization and an increase in QT interval length. Video laryngoscopes provide better laryngeal view, higher intubation success, and better correct positioning on double-lumen tube (DLT) intubation. We aimed to compare McGRATH MAC 5 video laryngoscope to direct Macintosh laryngoscope and their effects on Tp-e interval, QTc and Tp-e/QTc ration in those patients requiring intubation having DLT. Materials and Methods: The randomly controlled prospective work is carried out on 94 patients, scheduled for thoracic surgery, aged between 18-65. After anaesthetic induction and before tracheal intubation, all patients airway were evaluated Cormack and Lehane in using a Macintosh laryngoscope and patients having Cormack and Lehane grade-1 or -2a views included in study. The patients who are intubated with video laryngoscope (Mc-GRATH MAC) are allocated into Group V and intubated with direct Macintosh Laryngoscope was allocated into Group L. The primary aim was compared between the two devices on Tp-e interval, QTc and Tp-e/QTc ratio with ECG recordings. The secondary goal was assessment of hemodynamic status and intubation conditions. Results: In Group V, QTc interval, Tp-e intreval and Tp-e/QTc ratio was lower in a significant way than Group L. There has not been a significant difference in terms of hemodynamic assessment among those two groups at all measurement periods. Cormack-Lehane scores, intubation times, DLT types and sizes were similar between two groups. Conclusion: McGRATH MAC video laryngoscope decreased Tp-e interval, QTc and Tp-e/QTc ratio compared to direct Maintosh laryngoscope. Hemodynamic response and intubation parameters are seen as similar to each other in both of the present groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]