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Cowgill's modernisation theory stipulates that older people's social status is lower in societies with higher societal modernisation. The few existing studies reveal conflicting results showing either negative or positive associations. The current study follows up seminal cross-national research on the perceived social status of people in their seventies (PSS70) in a diverse set of countries. PSS70 was defined as the relative status of people in their seventies compared to people in their forties. Data were obtained by the World Values Survey (2010–2014) and included 78,904 respondents from 58 countries. Multilevel regressions showed that the level of modernisation had a strong and negative association with the PSS70 but mostly due to one component, namely the share of older people in society. The associations were more complex when considering cultural zones of which two stood out. Irrespective of level of modernisation, Muslim countries showed higher and post-communist countries showed lower levels of PSS70. In Muslim countries, modernisation had a near-zero association with PSS70, whereas it was strongly negatively associated with PSS70 in post-communist countries. This study generally supports Cowgill's theory in a large and diverse cross-sectional sample of countries, yet it also illustrates its cultural boundary conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ideas of well-being in old age are often anchored in the successful ageing paradigm, foregrounding independence, activeness and autonomy. However, for those oldest old living in nursing homes, these goals are largely out of reach. In this article, we use the meta-ethnographic method to explore and reinterpret existing findings on the ways in which well-being is experienced (or not) by the oldest old in institutional care settings. We frame our findings in existential well-being theory, which understands wellbeing as a sense of 'dwelling-mobility'. Our analysis resulted in the following themes: (a) institutionalisation as both restrictive and liberating; (b) reciprocity and mattering: the importance of being seen; (c) the need for kinship and the problem of ruptured sociality; (d) rethinking agency: situated, delegated and supported; and (e) lowered expectations: receiving care is not a passive act. We conclude that while institutional care environments are not always conducive to well-being, this does not have to be so. By shifting our focus from successful ageing ideals onto relationally situated care practices, a possibility for existential well-being opens up, even in situations of decline and care dependency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-efficacy is pivotal for therapeutic relationships in occupational therapy. This study aimed to adapt SETUS to Turkish and assess the psychometric properties of SETUS-TR scale for Turkish occupational therapists. Beaton's cross-cultural adaptation guidelines were followed adapting scale to Turkish. SETUS-TR showed strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.83-0.94), acceptable construct validity, and reliable test-retest results (ICC: 0.87-0.94). Significant correlations (0.12-0.39) existed between SETUS-TR and reference test subscales. SETUS-TR is valid and reliable tool, evaluating Turkish occupational therapists' self-efficacy in therapeutic use of self. This research furthers understanding of therapeutic use of self in occupational therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores autoethnography as a critical research methodology in dialogue with post- and decolonial critique. It draws on an (auto)ethnographic research on and within the transnational solidarity network of the Mapuche people in which encounters of solidarity across difference are understood as postcolonial "contact zones." This contribution hereby suggests three important opportunities for autoethnographic positioning analysis by looking at (a) different layers of the author's field access, (b) the author's strategic membership within the international solidarity activism, and (c) experiences of being rejected. This article argues that the careful and systematic analysis of such ethnographic episodes is able to (a) generate important epistemological insights within a particular research field, in this case transnational solidarity and networked social movement activity, and (b) highlight and reflect upon the researcher's "complicity" within fieldwork. The first part of this contribution briefly introduces post- and decolonial debates on solidarity across difference and moves on to suggesting autoethnographic positioning analysis as a methodological approach for studying/supporting the transnational solidarity activism, drawing upon the author's research with the Mapuche. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Positionality has become increasingly important in ethnographic and autoethnographic research. The recent "reflexive turn" in migration studies has encouraged scholars to discuss the concept from different perspectives (e.g., gender, ethnicity, and class). Yet, positionality is relational: It is the result of ongoing interactions between how researchers present themselves in the field and how research participants perceive these presentations. Because self-positioning and positioning of others are mutually bound to each other, positionality reflects a continuous negotiation between actors who may be motivated by different interests. For this reason, it is necessary for researchers to analytically reflect upon the implications of these mutual positionings to more fully understand how to navigate research fields. This is especially important for sensitive research fields—like migration and forced migration—characterized by inequalities, hierarchical structures, and unequal power relations. The present article uses insights from fieldwork conducted among Syrian refugees in Lebanon and Germany between 2017 and 2019 to show how configurations of "humanitarian paternalism" and researchers' false expectations to save the world can frame positionality as a meta-invective action. Positionality informed by self-reflexivity can help to explore the invective latency of field relations and let contradictions, discomfort, and disharmonic elements emerge. This does not mean that field relations will become more equal and that power structures and inequalities will be reduced as a result. However, being aware of these invective elements offers the opportunity to explore a level of analysis that is often overlooked and make steps toward decolonizing research methodologies and knowledge production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe paper analyses the discourses of teenagers from Barcelona around LGBTIQ+ rights and individuals, focusing on determining what influence the media have on these discourses. Short-term ethnographic research was carried out from March 2022 to May 2023 in three educational institutions from the Barcelona metropolitan area. The study involved 59 participants aged between 14 and 18 years old, encompassing diverse identities and backgrounds. The data gathered during the ethnographic research were coded and analyzed qualitatively. The results are presented in four main areas: (1) Over-information, dis-information, and confusion; (2) Media usage; (3) LGBTIQ+ phobia; and (4) LGBTIQ+ self-perception and responses. The paper contributes to LGBTIQ+ Media Studies by incorporating ethnographic methods into this field. In addition, it provides information for educators and practitioners that can be used in subjects that include aspects on gender and sexual diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Against the gloomy forecast of "The Vanishing Diaspora", the end of the second millennium saw the global emergence of a dazzling array of Jewish cultural initiatives, institutional modalities, and individual practices. These "Jewish Revival" and "Jewish Renewal" projects are led by Jewish NGOs and philanthropic organizations, the Orthodox Teshuva (return to the fold) movement and its well-known emissary Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidism, and alternative cultural initiatives that promote what can be termed "lifestyle Judaism". This range between institutionalized revival movements and ephemeral event-driven projects circumscribes a diverse space of creative agency. Indeed, the trope of a "Jewish Renaissance" has become both a descriptive category of an increasingly popular and scholarly discourse across the globe, and a prescriptive model for social action. This article explores the global transformations of contemporary Jewishness, which give renewed meaning to identity, tradition, and politics in our post-secular world in two different sociopolitical contexts. Drawing on long-term ethnographic research, we interrogate the relations between "diaspora" and "homeland" by analyzing two case studies: the Jewish revival movement in Budapest, Hungary, and the Jewish renewal initiatives in Israel. While the first instantiates a diasporic movement anchored in a post-denominational and post-secular attempt to reclaim Jewish tradition for a new generation of Jew-llennials (Millennial Jews), the second group operates against the Orthodox hegemony of the institutional Rabbinate by revisiting religious ritual and textual study. By proposing new cultural repertoires, these movements highlight the dialectic exchange between center and periphery. The ethnography of religious revival decenters the Israeli Orthodoxy as "the homeland" and positions the diaspora at the core of a network of cultural creativity and renewal, while remaining in constant dialog with Israel and other diasporic communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on long-term ethnographic research in Tanzania, this article contributes to existing scholarship on adaptations and modifications of the so-called gospel in African contexts. I show how the Prosperity Gospel has taken shape in an environment of intense religious/spiritual/medical competition and, not least, of widespread cultural concerns with the moral legitimacy of wealth generated through alliances with spiritual forces. However, I also argue that a deeper understanding of the ways in which the Prosperity Gospel has become contextualized can be reached by moving beyond a focus on cultural concerns with wealth and paying close attention to the exuberance of meanings attributed to money in its most concrete and tangible form, coins and banknotes, as well as to the religious/ritual practices involving money that such meanings inspire. I pursue my analysis by zooming in on two areas where cultural understandings of money as exceeding its materiality and its use value are prevalent: the use of powers of witchcraft to extract money from others and the practice of bride wealth. Whereas the first has to do with understandings of material money as imbued with spiritual powers, the second can be seen as an example of a gift economy, since money given by a groom to his parents-in-law by virtue of containing parts of his soul or his essence becomes the foundation of a relationship of mutual respect between them. In the last part of the article, I show how both understandings are entangled with Prosperity teachings and inform ritual practices involving material money. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent calls have been made to investigate the lived experience of migrant sex workers, to broaden the scope and inclusivity of macro-level conceptualizations, and to develop contextually grounded forms of understanding. Our ethnographic study sought to explore the lived perspectives of an under-researched occupational group: migrant women working as irregular streetwalkers in a European city. Nineteen Nigerian Edo women working as prostitutes and Madams in Spain participated in an ethnographic, longitudinal study spanning five years of data collection. In this article, we focus on some of the key challenges, including ethical considerations, of undertaking ethnographic work in a hazardous fieldwork setting that presents psychological and physical dangers to both participants and researchers, including threats of violence, and researcher burnout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of immigration institutions has mainly focused on the effects these entities have on migrants and refugees' lives. Much less research has been produced from the unique perspective of the people who comprise these institutions. Drawing from work experiences and ethnographic research on the operation of detention centers for migrant and refugee children in southern Mexico, this article reflects on the daily work in these centers and on the personnel who reproduce the government and execute immigration policy. The article builds on feminist postcolonial perspective by focusing on the uniqueness of the bureaucrat-ethnographer viewpoint. Keypoints of this article are how axes of race, gender, and nationality hinder and/or favor access to these institutions either for work or study, and how this contributes to global inequalities in knowledge production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses reproductive labour in everyday utopias. Everyday utopias refer to spaces and practices that experiment with alternative forms of life and create new social imaginaries. Drawing on ethnographic research in three everyday utopias in Finland, the article argues that labour plays a key role in transformative politics by prefiguring socially and ecologically sustainable forms of life not conducive to capitalist logic. The article brings together feminist social reproduction theory and utopian studies to shed light on different forms of reproductive labour in everyday utopias. It identifies four forms of labour: manual, affective, mnemonic and experimental. In particular, experimental labour foregrounds the importance of everyday utopias as sites of political imagination in which novel forms of life are actively developed and tried out. The article concludes by suggesting that everyday utopias subvert conventional understandings and practices of labour and social reproduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The eating disorders field has been limited by a predominant focus on White, Western women, and there is growing recognition of the need to understand cross‐cultural variation in key constructs (i.e., ideal body types). A transdisciplinary, cultural models approach systematizes the incorporation of an "emic" perspective (a culture's own understandings of phenomena) into assessments of relationships between body shapes and eating disorders. Method: Eighty‐one young South Korean men aged 19–34 years living in Seoul participated in this research. A cultural model of body fatness was identified using cultural consensus analysis during 18 months of ethnographic, mixed‐methods fieldwork. Participants also completed questionnaires assessing age, height, weight, sexual identity, university prestige, body dissatisfaction, eating disorder symptoms, and cultural consonance with the Korean cultural model of the ideal male body. Variation in these factors was analyzed using a series of chi‐squares and analyses of variance with the culturally defined categories of body fatness as the independent variables. Results: Cultural consensus analysis found that young South Korean men are consistent in identifying categories of "too thin," "balanced," and "too fat." The "balanced" category contained the lowest proportion of high‐prestige university attendees and the highest average cultural consonance. The "too fat" category was characterized by the highest levels of body dissatisfaction and dieting, as well as proportion of probable eating disorders. Discussion: A cultural models approach identified culturally important factors and patterns in disordered eating among young South Korean men and may be effective for understanding eating disorders in other populations not typically studied. Public Significance: This study applies a systematic, "emic" perspective to young South Korean men's body ideals. Young Korean men share a cultural model of body fatness, and this model frames how they experience risk for eating disorders. This study demonstrates a method for incorporating culture into research on eating disorder risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Located within feminist scholarship on sport, leisure and physical cultures, this article explores our attempts to understand what conducting 'research with responsibility' means as White, settler-coloniser, immigrant women researching surfing, place and community in Aotearoa New Zealand. Taking inspiration from Hamilton's 'intersectional reflexivity' and Māori feminist scholars' discussion of (de)colonizing methodologies, we discuss the development of our intersectional, collaborative methodology to understand our relationships to place, community and surfing. This co-ethnographic approach helped us navigate the ethics and challenges of knowledge production in Aotearoa New Zealand, and enabled us to be aware of, and open to, different worldviews and ways of knowing. We argue this methodology has value in developing better recognition of our own privileges; understanding of the intersectional politics-of-place we are part of as researchers, and as community members; and of the assumptions, motivations and values that inform our research practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This methodological analysis traces the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak on two ethnographic studies in Chicago: a neighborhood fight for affordable housing, and an effort to increase local participation in the 2020 U.S. Census. We attend to the relationship between space and visibility after the onset of the pandemic as methodological and political challenges. Drawing on Haraway's seminal description of situated knowledge, this article explores the changes that the pandemic brought to our situated and partial perspective as ethnographers of political process. To do so, we present fieldwork from both studies before and after they became fully virtual. Finally, we discuss shared emergent methodological implications with a focus on embodiment in fieldwork, the dynamics of access, and the formalization of participation in online venues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Healthcare providers' role in co‐creating health interventions and implementation strategies has evolved significantly, and yet, there is little documentation of this from low‐resource settings. This study aims to share the dilemmas of engaging healthcare providers in co‐creating locally adapted clinical guidelines for maternity facilities in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and strategies used to address them. Methods: An ethnographic study explored the co‐creation of locally adapted clinical guidelines for childbirth care within five maternity facilities in Dar es Salaam. Participant observations were conducted during 11 co‐creation workshops. Six in‐depth interviews explored participant experiences. Data were analyzed using Attride‐Stirling's thematic network analysis framework. Results: The analysis revealed four themes representing dilemmas in the co‐creation process and strategies to improve co‐creation: (i) navigating diverse contexts: adapting a single set of guidelines to various, diverse facilities was challenging; this was addressed through engaging in dialogue and flexibility while adjusting care practices. (ii) Competing knowledge systems and sources: differing knowledge sources between researchers and healthcare providers challenged discussions on recommended practices. However, validating scientific recommendations with practical care experience in this context helped bridge this gap. (iii) Fostering meaningful participation: participation was time‐consuming for some. However, early stakeholder engagement and facility‐led participant selection facilitated the meaningful involvement of healthcare providers. (iv) Power imbalances: power dynamics influenced the co‐creation process; involving stakeholders in planning and co‐facilitating workshops helped mitigate these imbalances and encourage more equal participation. Conclusion: Navigating contextual variation, differences in knowledge systems, meaningful participation and power dynamics were key challenges in the co‐creation process. However, reflexivity, open and honest dialogue with stakeholders and early engagement enhanced the co‐creation process. Co‐creating locally adapted clinical guidelines with frontline healthcare workers and scientific experts is essential for feasibility and safety. Further research is needed to explore context specificity, decision‐making and the efficacy of co‐creation in low‐resource settings. Patient or Public Contribution: Healthcare providers and health managers from five maternity facilities who participated in the co‐creation process were actively involved in this study by providing their consent to be interviewed about their experiences of participation. Clinical Trial Registration: This study is a substudy within the PartoMa project. PartoMa is a registered clinical trial with the trial registration number NCT04685668. PartoMa's date of initial trial registration is 28 December 2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Archaeological, historical and anthropological research has been quite limited in identifying external cultural influences separately and within a range of still very casuistic themes, which are specific and detailed but often disconnected from broader contexts. There is no integrated research theme on all aspects of foreign culture that influence local culture, so conclusions about the influence of Islamic, European and Chinese culture are still incomplete and limited. An analytical study of old Islamic-European-Chinese tombs in the development of multiculturalism in Maluku is a new study which aims to see how the Maluku people lived with immigrant communities regarding the shape, decoration and distribution of the tombs. This study employed a combination of archaeological research methods, including site excavations and artefact analysis, historical research methods such as document review and analysis of historical records, and anthropological research methods such as ethnographic interviews and observation of cultural practices. Even though it is still a new study, preliminary findings show that the migrant community in Maluku is well received and various cultures can coexist peacefully. The discovery of old Islamic, European and Chinese tombs, schools and settlements marks this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This collaborative intergenerational autoethnography explores the communication of Black masculinities, the symbolism of Tupac Shakur, and societal implications for Black men. The communication of Black masculinities is a theoretical explication of overlapping dilemmas in social interaction. Historically, Black/African American men have felt the need to function with double consciousness and a negotiated cultural identity that is constantly in flux. The purpose of the study is to interrogate how this phenomenon occurred across aspects of Tupac's life and how the phenomenon continues in the 21st century. The study revealed five primary themes: (1) Black boyhood and the (un)reconstructed Black man, (2) keeping it real or keeping it right, (3) Black male misunderstood, (4) language, identity, and the n-word, and (5) relational communication with Black women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transitional care model for people who have suffered brain injuries is a relatively recent addition to the Thai healthcare system. The aim of this study was to explore experience of Thai Isan older stroke survivors and their family caregivers across different points of transition from hospital to home. Fifteen dyads of older stroke survivors and their family caregivers were recruited following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected through participant observations and semi-structured interviews. Forty-seven participation observation field notes and twenty-four interview transcriptions were analyzed using the Four Phases of the Data Analysis Enabler and the Leininger–Templin–Thompson Ethnoscript Coding Enabler. Three themes emerged: I feel lost with managing care at home; it has been challenging for our family to maintain continuity of care; and it is a matter of who fits in and is convenient for family care responsibilities. The findings of this study have highlighted the dispersion of care among Thai-Isan people during the patient's transition to home. Therefore, a transitional care plan should be developed that specifies who is responsible for monitoring and supporting patients and families throughout this period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guided by the developmental niche framework, this ethnographic study aimed to explore immigrant Chinese parenting beliefs and practices in the Midwestern United States. Nine immigrant Chinese parents (eight mothers and one father) living in two Midwestern states were interviewed for their caretaking practices, expectations for children, understanding of cultural influences on parenting, and perceived challenges and resources in the community. Qualitative thematic analyses revealed five themes of immigrant Chinese parenting in the Midwest, including (1) teaching children Chinese language and culture; (2) integrating American and Chinese parenting; (3) communicating expectations with children; (4) adjusting parenting in the Midwestern context; and (5) maintaining connections to Chinese families and friends. Findings emphasized the dynamic nature of parenting in the shifting contexts and highlighted the importance of including settings, childrearing customs, and the unique caregiver psychology in immigrant parenting studies. Limitations and implications for future research were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agribusiness expansion is usually framed around two competing narratives. On the one hand, advocates present it as a promising vehicle to modernise agriculture and integrate small farmers into global value chains. On the other hand, critics denounce it as a top‐down corporate assault to monopolise agriculture and dispossess peasants of land. Despite their differences, these contrasting narratives tend to share a reductionistic capital‐centric bias as they are mainly focused on the alleged benefits/dangers of the 'arrival' of agribusiness corporate capital. Although simplistic, these narratives have been politically effective in shaping the public debate and thus should be exposed to critical challenge. Drawing on my ethnographic research in eastern lowland Bolivia, I show how both narratives fail to capture the complexity of an actually existing agribusiness structure. My grounded analysis of the process of agrarian change focuses on the changing labour dynamics among campesinos who have striven to become prosperous soy producers. Faced with bleak prospects and structural insecurity, they have been articulating a political practice around the notion of precarity. I argue that this emerging politics from below deserves more attention as an important terrain of political struggles of classes of labour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The number of older adults living with dementia is increasing in China and worldwide. There is limited attention paid to dementia care in nursing homes, and this study aimed to explore the current situation and challenges of providing integrated care services in nursing home settings. Methods: A 3-month focused ethnographic study, including semi-participatory observations and in-depth interviews, was conducted in a nursing home in Suzhou, China, from June to August 2022. Twelve residents and sixteen caregivers were observed, and sixteen observed caregivers were interviewed. The Rainbow Model guided data collection. Deductive analysis was used to examine the integrated care services, and a combination of deductive and inductive analysis was applied to explore the challenges. Results: The Combination of Medical and Elderly care and Medical Consortia were two main integrated care services. Eighteen challenges that threatened integrated care were identified. The nursing homes mainly faced professional and clinical challenges, while Medical Consortia encountered challenges at all levels, especially the organizational level. Conclusions: The integrated care services of residents living with dementia should be further strengthened. Policymakers, caregivers, and researchers should make more precise efforts to address the challenges that threaten integrated care services, thereby promoting better services for residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Childhood adversity is associated with poor physical and mental health outcomes across the lifespan. Integration of health and social care may provide a solution to childhood adversity through practices of better detection and response. There is growing interest in the creation of child and family hubs that integrate health and social care but little literature that describes the development process. Description: We aimed to evaluate and describe the implementation of a co-designed health and social care child and family hub in Victoria, Australia. Rapid ethnographic methodology was used to iterate the hub components. Practitioners and researchers co-created solutions to barriers identified during implementation. Discussion: There were five key learnings: (i) Practice change takes time and intensive coaching, (ii) Lived experience is a powerful motivator for practice change, (iii) Integration of services requires more than co-location to break down silos, (iv) Reflective practice is a key driver of practice change, and (v) Using real time data enabled rapid implementation change and directly informed the development of solutions. Conclusions: Maintaining and developing practice change during implementation requires time and access to a broad range of data to enable iteration and the development of solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this essay, I discuss my personal experience with breast cancer, exploring three intertwined choices: declining medical egg freezing, choosing not to bear children, and opting out of breast reconstruction after a double mastectomy. Through autoethnography, I narrate how being an immigrant Latina cisgender lesbian in Europe influenced my decision-making processes. Challenging common assumptions about the invariably negative emotional impact on survivors of bilateral mastectomy and infertility, I emphasize the importance for me of minimizing additional pain by eliminating "unnecessary" medical interventions. Likewise, I address concerns about body changes, bodily integrity, and the impact of a positive genetic mutation on my family. My aim is to shed light on knowledge production gaps by sharing my journey from a minority perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Several medical diagnoses generate unpleasant smells, which cause suffering for patients. There is no culturally accepted language for malodour, and the topic is encircled by silence in nursing. Aim: To facilitate communication with patients on unpleasant smell. Method: A linguistic analysis of verbal expressions from 11 patients suffering from malodour was conducted. Discourse-based metaphor theory guided the analysis. Findings: Metaphors of comparison and orientation were the most common categories of metaphors. The comparisons referred to bodily waste products and rotting processes. Metaphors of orientation illuminated how the unpleasant smell moved around and settled down in the body and in their homes without the patients' control. Swearing was used to convey suffering. Conclusion: The figures of speech provided new insight into how malodour affected the patients existentially by threatening social relations, freedom and integrity. Recognizing the patients verbal expressions may act as a starting point for communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advancements in generative artificial intelligence have led to a rapid proliferation of machine learning models capable of synthesizing text, images, sounds, and other kinds of content. While the increasing realism of synthetic content stokes fears about misinformation and triggers debates around intellectual property, generative models are adopted across creative industries and synthetic media seep into cultural production. Qualitative research in the social and human sciences has dedicated comparatively little attention to this category of machine learning, particularly in terms of what types of novel research methodology they both demand and facilitate. In this article, we propose a methodological approach for the qualitative study of generative models grounded on the experimentation with field devices which we call synthetic ethnography. Synthetic ethnography is not simply a qualitative research methodology applied to the study of the social and cultural contexts developing around generative artificial intelligence, but also strives to envision practical and experimental ways to repurpose these models as research tools in their own right. After briefly introducing generative models and revisiting the trajectory of digital ethnographic research, we discuss three case studies for which the authors have developed experimental field devices to study different aspects of generative artificial intelligence ethnographically. In the conclusion, we derive a broader methodological proposal from these case studies, arguing that synthetic ethnography facilitates insights into how the algorithmic processes, training datasets and latent spaces behind these systems modulate bias, reconfigure agency, and challenge epistemological categories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research analyzed Tada Hera's customary fines for offenders who cause damage. Each type of offense had its customary fine. This research took place in Sikka Regency. This research aimed to scrutinize the meaning of Tada Hera customary fines to avoid social disparities that occur in the community and to maintain the cultural identity and customary values of the community inherited by the ancestors. The sources of information for this research were regional leaders, customary elders, and community leaders who resided in the Sikka Regency. Data collection techniques were observation and interview. The research data collected was analyzed descriptively using qualitative data analysis techniques. The appropriate method in qualitative research was the ethnographic method. The sanctions given to the perpetrators were advice and also customary fines. Tada Hera customary fines included horse, pig, gold, money, rice, sarong, clothes, and local alcoholic drink. The items were given to the aggrieved person and some were cooked to be eaten at the Tada Hera venue. This research provided deep insight into the dynamics of dispute resolution for the development of policies that were more inclusive and in favor of the community. Thus, the gap that occurred between the victims, perpetrators, and the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past few decades, there has been explosive growth in the luxury large-scale over 55 community sector. The state of Florida has been one of the largest recipients of the influx in residents to the state seeking such a retirement lifestyle. While many tout the benefits of living in such luxury settings, these communities are not immune to the particular social and managerial challenges that result from rapid growth. In this research, we focus on a specific luxury large-scale over 55 community in Florida, the Villages, to explore the various positive and negative aspects that accompany this lifestyle. Through semi-structured interviews with residents and observational netnography, we find several major challenges. These challenges surround the management of political signage, growth, and the equal application of community rules, to be at the center of residents' critiques of the community. We offer implications and recommendations on how management can handle these challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Discharge from hospital is a critical part of the patient journey, particularly for older patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. General practice has a key role in managing the post-discharge course of patients. A communication intervention for use in general practice in the immediate post-discharge period has great potential to improve shared decision making, enhancing patient experiences of post-discharge care. Aim: General Practice Management After Transition Events (GP-MATE) aims to produce a tool for older patients and their carers (GP-MATE), which will assist better communication with their general practice about their care after discharge, thereby improving patient safety outcomes. Design & setting: Experience-based co-design (EBCD) study involving general practices across the West Midlands. Method: A slightly modified approach to EBCD will be followed to create GP-MATE. A focused ethnography undertaken at general practices will provide an understanding of practices' systems for post-discharge management of older patients. Semi-structured video interviews with recently discharged older patients or their carers will be edited into a trigger film. Finally, co-design workshops with older people, carers, and healthcare staff working in general practices will take place with participants from three regions across England. Conclusion: EBCD will be used to take a patient-centric approach towards creating GP-MATE; patients' and carers' priorities will be directly reflected within the tool. GP-MATE will be a low-cost intervention that improves health literacy, empowering patients to fill the emerging gap in continuity in the post-discharge period and enhancing patient experiences of post-discharge care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we explore ethical issues of Deaf people's engagement in research. To focus on the perspectives of Deaf people, we investigated existing qualitative and mixed methods research within a qualitative evidence synthesis. Our synthesis is based on a systematic database search (Scopus, PubMed) and reference check of included papers which resulted in 27 eligible papers. We analyzed the data using thematic synthesis and developed 5 analytical themes. The results present research as a struggle for Deaf people and emphasize the need for changes regarding recognition of Deaf research in a cross-cultural context, maintaining equal and partner relations, and provision of accessible communication. Our research contributes to understanding what the ethical inclusion of Deaf people in research implies. It may also support the development of evidence-based normative recommendations and scientific cooperation between Deaf and hearing people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This comparative book review is concerned with two recent studies of essential workers in Germany: Jana Costas' Dramas of Dignity and Peter Birke's Grenzen aus Glas [literally 'borders made from glass']. While Costas is interested in studying how individual cleaners preserve their sense of dignity despite their widely believed stigmatizing work roles, Birke is interested in the power resources migrant workers can potentially mobilize for improving their working conditions despite the multi-dimensional (inter-sectional) precarity they confront in their life situation. In the context of German industrial and organizational sociology, both studies represent comparatively rare exemplars of detailed qualitative and ethnographic work that illuminate the labour process from taking a workers' perspective. Using different approaches to fieldwork, both studies reveal the precarious nature of being an essential worker in areas such as meat packing, warehouse work, and cleaning. This general observation gives rise to some concluding speculations about the emancipatory potential of ethnographic research, in labour studies and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article I argue that the resurge of political violence by Renamo combatants in central Mozambique in the period 2013–2016 should not be merely understood in terms of a remobilisation of former combatants. Rather, the trajectories of Renamo's combatants are better understood when considered in relation to the continuation of Renamo as a political party, an armed movement, and a social and economic network, all at the same time, over the course of war and peace. Based on ethnographic research in the district of Maringue in central Mozambique, I show how Renamo maintained its armed wing from 1992 onwards; how former combatants remained part of so-called 'Renamo networks' in multiple ways; how the wider social context of Maringue was intertwined with Renamo during the war and how in post-war Maringue people, places, and institutions became politically divided between the Frelimo state and Renamo. Considering Renamo in terms of an armed political party within wider social and economic networks, offers new outlooks on the more recent armed conflict and the position of combatants. Conceptually this process is not easy to capture in terms of demobilisation and remobilisation (hence the title – renamobilised). Theoretically, this analysis of the trajectories of former combatants in Mozambique contributes to literature on the continuation of wartime networks and details the manifold ways by which these are intertwined with social life after war's end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Continuous learning is central to ensuring organizations remain innovative and high-performing. Corporate trainers play a critical role in educating and training employees. However, in an era of digital transformation and, more recently, artificial intelligence, trainers need new skills and methods to stay current and facilitate the transformation of the workforce. The skills gap is best filled through cooperative learning with other trainers. However, cooperative learning is hindered by different spatial, organizational, and cultural boundaries that are difficult to overcome. This paper attempts to understand how cooperative learning of trainers can be enhanced through boundary spanning. It examines the case of the corporate learning department of a German high-tech multinational through ethnographic action research by the department manager, including 21 semi-directive interviews and direct observation. Using a grounded theory approach, we explore how the concept, causes, context, contingencies, and conditions of boundary spanning enhance cooperative learning among corporate trainers. The findings show that boundary spanning leads to cooperative learning through pedagogical scaffolding, communities of practice, and a new learning culture. Spontaneous boundary spanning occurs in parallel to guided boundary spanning. Both are made possible by appropriate leadership values and attitudes, trust, flexibility, and dedicated time and capacity. Our paper provides recommendations on the key issues managers face in facilitating boundary spanning and cooperative learning among their employees. We also show how key barriers and risks can be mitigated to enable employees to learn cooperatively with colleagues from different and distant organizational units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information security refers to 'the practice of defending information from unauthorised access'. Information security practices include everyday activities such as protecting your bank details, or keeping your workplace logins secure. Despite increasingly restrictive approaches to research ethics, academia continues to lag behind journalism when it comes to best practice with regards to information security. This article discusses information security as it pertains to qualitative and especially ethnographic research into crime and deviance. In doing so, the article addresses a gap in the methodological literature by drawing on lessons and real-world examples from journalism, academia and activism, in order to offer guidance for researchers seeking to maintain information security in a digital, networked social world. The article proceeds in three parts. First, the article considers what information researchers might want to protect, who they might want to protect it from and what the consequences might be if they failed to do so (an exercise known as 'threat modelling'). The different powers, resources and capacities of, and threats posed by, state actors such as the police and intelligence agencies, as well as an array of non-state actors, are considered. Second, the article outlines some general principles of information security and how they might apply to ethnographic research into crime and deviance. Third, the article discusses a range of practical considerations when it comes to using mobile phones (cell phones), social media, passwords and encryption in the course of researching crime and deviance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kriminologisches Journal is the property of Julius Beltz GmbH & Co. KG Beltz Juventa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Video diaries are an innovative tool for ethnographic research, contributing to the quality of fieldwork and ethnographic data by giving additional attention to participant voices. Grounded in two fieldwork periods in secondary and higher education, this paper illustrates three key qualities through which video diaries contributed to ethnographic research: (1) Building trusting relationships with participants, (2) providing a space for participant autonomy, and (3) being a medium of self-explication and truth-telling. In video diaries, participants exercised free speech, providing a widely unmediated, personal perspective on their professional identity, roles, and relationships. This personal perspective allowed participants to contribute to trusting on their own terms, which mitigated face-work – especially when talking about conflicts and challenges – and provided additional entry points for conversations, enabling deep dialogue and understanding. Ultimately, the use of video diaries significantly strengthened the researcher-participant relationship and enriched the ethnographic data and the quality of interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper gathers 14 ethnographic studies in a meta-ethnographic research to generate knowledge on the possibilities of creative teaching practices with digital media from an ethnographic perspective to promote inclusive education in schools. It explores common details between the articles using cross-case aggregation, which allows to get to know how digital media is used inside pre-primary, primary and secondary classrooms in depth. This research followed the seven phases established by Noblit and Hare in 1988. The results reflect on how teachers are using digital media considering students' voices and interests, listening their voices through knowledge ownership, and promoting interaction between all. The articles also consider new ways of acting and developing from the opportunity that digital media provides in disadvantaged contexts. Studies show spaces mediated by digital media in which the students find their voices and give voice to their thoughts, feelings, and learnings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Iluminuras is the property of Revista Iluminuras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Iluminuras is the property of Revista Iluminuras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Uganda is known for its open-door policies towards refugees, currently hosting over 1.5 million refugees, 60–65% of whom are children. National self-reliance strategies grant refugees who live in urban settings freedom of movement and employment and expect them to be mostly self-sufficient in exchange. Families within the refugee community are fostering unaccompanied refugee children, as this is considered the best solution for them by the Ugandan state and international organisations. We used ethnographic and quantitative methods, including in-depth interviews, questionnaires and participant observation, to assess the living situation of refugee foster families in Kampala. Our sample included 52 foster families who were caring for a total of 289 children. The findings raised four overarching themes: (1) Circumstances and reasoning for fostering unaccompanied children; (2) Formalisation of explicit foster registration; (3) Differences in care and living conditions; and (4) Ambiguous organisational support. Fostering was either direct by family members or friends, or indirect through the intervention of a church or the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees' (UNHCR) implementing non-governmental organisations (NGOs) but has never followed national processes to formalise fostering or adoption. Based on the self-reliance policies, refugee foster families in Kampala do not receive adequate support or supervision from any institution, and fostered children remain acutely vulnerable, especially since the economic crises related to Covid-19 and the war in Ukraine. We argue that the lack of recognition and financial and emotional support for foster families hinders community-based solutions. These conditions, coupled with the lack of proper supervision and control, encourage less altruistic fostering and more abusive and exploitative treatment of unaccompanied children. Plain Language Summary: Uganda, currently hosting over 1.5 million refugees, is known for its open-door refugee policies. Refugee children who arrive without their birth parents or become separated from them while in Uganda, are usually fostered by members of the refugee community. Fostering is arranged either directly, often within the extended family or family acquaintances, or indirectly, with the help of non-governmental organisations (NGOs), communal institutions or churches. Using mixed method tools including in-depth interviews, questionnaires and participant observations, we found that people who fostered children directly were more likely to do so because of cultural or familial obligations, while indirect fostering was usually a result of moral choice. The economic crises in Uganda that followed the Covid-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine, together with a lack of supervision and support of the authorities and NGOs, worsened the situation of many of these children and families. Fostering is never officialised legally in Uganda, so these crises have increased cases of instability, abandonment and discrimination within their families. There was also much less willingness of families to accept additional children, especially for indirect fostering. We argue that the lack of recognition and financial and emotional support for foster families hinders communal initiatives to foster and care for children and can encourage more abusive and exploitative treatment of unaccompanied refugee children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Universal health coverage is a global agenda within the sustainable development goals. While nations are attempting to pursue this agenda, the pathways to its realization vary across countries in relation to service, quality, financial accessibility, and equity. Kenya is no exception and has embarked on an initiative, including universal coverage of maternal health services to mitigate maternal morbidity and mortality rates. The implementation of expanded free maternity services, known as the Linda Mama (Taking Care of the Mother) targets pregnant women, newborns, and infants by providing cost-free maternal healthcare services. However, the efficacy of the Linda Mama (LM) initiative remains uncertain. This article therefore explores whether LM could enable Kenya to achieve UHC. Methods: This descriptive qualitative study employs in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, informal conversations, and participant observation conducted in Kilifi County, Kenya, with mothers and healthcare providers. Results and discussion: The findings suggest that Linda Mama has resulted in increased rates of skilled care births, improved maternal healthcare outcomes, and the introduction of comprehensive maternal and child health training for healthcare professionals, thereby enhancing quality of care. Nonetheless, challenges persist, including discrepancies and shortages in human resources, supplies, and infrastructure and the politicization of healthcare both locally and globally. Despite these challenges, the expanding reach of Linda Mama offers promise for better maternal health. Finally, continuous sensitization efforts are essential to foster trust in Linda Mama and facilitate progress toward universal health coverage in Kenya. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conducting research studies with vulnerable populations on sensitive topics such as adolescent pregnancy can be challenging depending on methodological approaches and ethical issues that may arise before, during, and after data collection. This methodological paper was developed based on experiences and lessons learned from a critical ethnographic study conducted to determine and understand the cultural and personal meaning of unintended adolescent pregnancy in the Rwandan context and to explore the perceived consequences and management of unintended adolescent pregnancy with and for single adolescent mothers. The purpose of this methodological paper is to discuss methodological and ethical challenges encountered while conducting this research, as well as various approaches used to overcome these challenges, and to provide guidance to researchers interested in conducting research about similar or other sensitive topics. Future researchers facing similar challenges should prioritize community engagement strategies, such as building strong relationships with gatekeepers and leaders, to facilitate access to potential participants. Additionally, researchers should engage in continuous ethical reflection and adaptation throughout the study, adjusting strategies if necessary to ensure the well-being and autonomy of participants. As a result of the practical and methodological strategies provided in this reflective paper, researchers could be able to navigate practical, methodological, and ethical challenges effectively while conducting sensitive studies on topics such as adolescent pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Emotional and psychological safety is important during the use of digital technologies in healthcare. We aimed to gain comprehensive insight into needs, influencing factors and outcomes in the context of perceived safety and digital technologies in healthcare. Methods: We employed a participatory, design ethnographic research approach with 16 participants in 10 use cases. The methods included in an iterative process were, thinkaloud, guideline-based interviews, process mapping, storyboard creation, and photo documentation. A qualitative, primarily inductive data analysis and synthesis was performed. Results: Perceived safety is influenced by various factors and unmet needs. Increased perceived safety can positively support the use of digital technologies, whereas low perceived safety can limit or even hinder its use. Conclusion: The needs of the different target groups should be considered throughout the entire process of digital technology development and healthcare provision to support their implementation. These findings support further research by providing specific aspects of emotional and psychological safety regarding target groups, settings, and ages and those with different levels of affinity for digital technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The post-COVID-19 pandemic caused the whole world to make several changes to the nursing healthcare system. This sudden shift raised questions about telepalliative care in home-based nursing care in the context of healthcare utilization, including meeting the needs of older adults with metastatic cancer. The evidence suggests that telepalliative care in home-based nursing care is acceptable to most advanced practice nurses, but the extent of their use for metastatic cancer patients has not been defined. Objectives: To explore the use of telepalliative care in home-based nursing care for older adults with metastatic cancer in central Thailand following the post-COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A qualitative approach with an ethnoscientific design was used to collect data from a purposive sample of 15 advanced practice nurses from May to September 2023. The interview transcripts were analyzed using componential analysis (core coding, categorizing, theme, and emerging theory). Results: The componential analysis revealed two themes of telepalliative care in home-based nursing care for older adults with metastatic cancer in the post COVID-19 pandemic. The first theme is telepalliative care delivery, with subthemes of delivering practice, nurse-mediated feedback and supportive care, remote monitoring of real-time emergencies, and transferring medical data. The second theme is advanced practice nurses' (APN) role in telepalliative nursing care, including the subthemes of virtual monitoring, life-threatening cancer, side effects, caregiving capacity, continuity of care, and long-term care services. The study found that caregiving capacity, continuity of care, and long-term care services were formed of telepalliative care in home-based nursing care for cancer patients following the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Telepalliative care in home-based nursing care is effective in delivering services to older adults with metastatic cancer during the post-COVID-19 pandemic. The findings suggested that remote monitoring of real-time emergencies, life-threatening cancer, and long-term care services are part of telepalliative care in home-based nursing care. Adapting the telepalliative competency standards of advanced practice nurses is needed to ensure high-quality healthcare access for older adults with metastatic cancer during the post-COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The redevelopment of Chinese heritage districts increasingly adopts collaborative approaches, raising concerns about power dynamics in these processes and their potential impact on resolving conflicts of interest through collaboration. This study establishes a multi-dimensional framework, examining arenas and sources of power to uncover power mechanisms and their impact on collaborative governance in the redevelopment of Dashilar, Beijing, China. Through ethnographic research, we found that institutionalized collaborative decision-making empowers participants to have the final say on relocation and renovation decisions. However, biased mobilization and discursive practices, with different sources of power utilized, affect collaborative processes and outcomes. Over time, collaborative decision-making results in elite control of Dashilar’s historic fabric and its subsequent gentrification. The government consolidates its power by controlling economic resources and influencing land use decisions. Crucial conflicts remain obscured, weakening the interests of residents and market actors. To understand power in collaborative governance, analysis must encompass both sources and arenas of power, transcending observable interactions within formal institutions to include informal practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advent of generative AI has profoundly influenced contemporary design, offering a cost-effective method for creating a wide array of digital elements through Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC). This innovation signifies a pivotal change in how humans collaborate with machines in the design process, necessitating new adaptations in product styling workflows. Unfortunately, a clear and practical design process has not yet been established, despite the pioneering efforts of several leaders in the product design domain who have begun to incorporate AIGC technology. This study aims to integrate AIGC with product styling design to enhance workflow efficiency and explore new dimensions of human-machine collaboration. Leveraging an ethnographic research methodology, we comprehensively analyzed the AIGC and product design communities. Building upon this foundation, we propose an AIGC-enabled product design methodology. Based on our findings, we developed an AIGC-enabled product design technique, which we then tested in practical scenarios through specific design cases. Our results demonstrate the methodology’s effectiveness in improving the product styling design workflow. Additionally, this study points toward new pathways for human-machine collaboration within the context of AI creation, shedding light on potential avenues for integrating AIGC more broadly in the product design field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The project 'Our histories in the music of the barrio', carried out in Cali (Colombia) 2020–21, elucidates music's role in helping participants act for more sustainable futures. It was a collaboration between Ian Middleton (Universidad de los Andes), Alexandra Patiño and Moisés Zamora (Foundation SIDOC), in which members of Tambores de Siloé conducted ethnographic audio-visual research on their neighbourhood, using their findings for musical creation. We consider four central tenets: (1) participant research and narrative production, (2) collective composition, (3) holism and (4) popular education. Positive outcomes cluster around four aspects of civic action that are catalysed by community music in mutually reinforcing loops: empathy, trust, collaboration and critical reflection. 'Our histories' emerges as a dialogic educational experience, promoting creative play and agency that interpolate problems on local, national and global scales. It drew on local know-how, catalyzing participants' capacity to resist capitalist violence and strengthen communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, I consider how community music-making can help people become more engaged in climate action and responsible consumption. These are two of the sustainable development goals of the United Nations. Through ethnographic fieldwork, I demonstrate how my lived experiences at two Ethno gatherings impacted my engagement with climate action (SDG13) and consumption and production (SDG12). Ethnos are JM International's annual multi-sited, youth folk-music gatherings. They are active in over forty countries. Their mission is to revive, invigorate and disseminate global traditional musical heritage and to promote ideals such as peace, tolerance and understanding. Following a critique of the concept of sustainability, I explore how two musical gatherings impacted my responsiveness to environmental sustainability. This postdoctoral ethnographic research was conducted in 2019 and 2020 at Ethno England and Ethno New Zealand as part of Ethno Research. I demonstrate how these gatherings addressed environmental concerns through organizational processes, and how the location of the gatherings solidified the relationship between participatory music-making and nature. Finally, I consider the value of the broader social impact of these gatherings in relation to the climate emergency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent works on stigma have emphasised the importance of 'looking up' towards issues of power and stigma production. In that process, empirical attention to stigma resistance 'from below' has remained limited. When resistance is discussed, it typically takes the form of collective, organised and explicit resistance. Drawing on insights from resistance studies, this article pays attention to everyday practices of resistance that are subtle, unorganised and implicit and calls for an empirically robust theory of stigma resistance. In doing so, it contributes to the recent revival of the sociology of stigma. Based on ethnographic research methods, the article discusses the stigmatisation of people with intellectual disabilities in sheltered workshops and identifies three anti-stigma practices: (1) redirecting, (2) replacing and (3) redefining stigmatising norms. Two lessons can be learned from this study and inform future research. First, everyday resistance is ambivalent: it implies a partial incorporation and partial rejection of norms. Second, rather than political intention (only), stigma resistance can be based on a variety of desires and needs. Recognising this allows us to see stigmatised people as individuals who have at least some power to fight and transform stigma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlike qualifying education, forensic social work education is heterogeneous. This review provides a cross-national comparison of 10 countries: the United States, Brazil, England, the Netherlands, Hungary, Kenya, South Africa, Thailand, India and Australia. It aims to understand education models across diverse contexts and encourage further reflection on forensic social work pedagogy. Findings revealed that there is little mandating of educational standards or curriculum requirements in forensic social work. Moreover, current modelling is drawn from Eurocentric epistemologies and has a duty to incorporate and celebrate First Nations, non-Western and culturally inclusive paradigms. Opportunities exist to develop international standards for forensic social work education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Older people often have multiple health conditions and therefore extended care needs. The transition from the hospital back to their home requires careful planning. The fragmented healthcare system and rapid discharge from the hospital can result in limited involvement of the older patient in the discharge planning process. We aimed to explore how older hospitalised patients experienced the transition from hospital to home and how possibilities and constraints in interactions with relevant parties in the transition affected their everyday lives. Method: An ethnographic participant observation study including interviews was conducted with 10 older hospitalised patients. The theoretical perspective in the study is critical psychology and data were analysed using the condition‐, meaning‐ and reasoning analysis. Results: Three themes were identified: (1) Lost in transition – the person's ability to act is limited, (2) In transition – the relatives become important, (3) At home – the home transforms into a workplace. Conclusion: Lack of involvement becomes a condition for older patients as some struggle to create meaning in their transition, affecting their everyday lives. The patients experienced their relatives as important as they ensured that the HCPs got to know their values and wishes. This knowledge is important for HCPs working closely with older people both at the hospital and at home ensuring active involvement of the older person with respect and acknowledgement of the older person's wishes, needs, resources and vulnerability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]