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ABSTRACT In this article, the performance of a rectangular patch antenna on inexpensive perforated flexible plastic substrate is investigated experimentally. The antenna is designed for wearable application operating at Wi-Fi and HiperLAN frequency bands. The regular perforations in the substrate material help in reducing the dielectric losses which is common with other textile materials thus improving the antenna performance. The prototype model of the proposed antenna is developed and measured. Various parameters such as return loss, VSWR, radiation pattern and gain are presented to validate the suitability for wearable applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:265-270, 2017 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an extreme learning machine based fast and accurate adaptive distance relaying scheme for transmission lines in the presence of a static synchronous series compensator. The ideal trip characteristics of the distance relay is greatly affected by pre-fault system conditions, ground fault resistance, and zero-sequence voltage. The proposed research develops an extreme learning machine based adaptive distance relaying scheme for two-terminal transmission networks with static synchronous series compensators when a single-line-to-ground fault situation is most likely to occur. The study includes an analytical approach, including a steady-state model of static synchronous series compensator with detailed simulation on MATLAB/Simulink (The MathWorks, Natick, Massachusetts, USA) and open real-time simulation software with MATLAB (OPAL-RT) platform (OPAL-RT Technologies, Montreal, Quebec, Canada). The proposed extreme learning machine based adaptive distance relaying scheme is extensively validated on the two terminal transmission lines with static synchronous series compensators, and the performance is compared with the existing radial basis feed-forward neural network based adaptive distance relaying scheme. The results on simulation and real-time platform show significant improvements in the performance indices, such as speed, selectivity, and reliability of the digital relay. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A 3D-supramolecular nickel integrated Ni-SDZ complex was synthesized using sodium salt of sulfadiazine as the ligand and nickel(II) acetate as the metal salt using a condensation process and slow evaporation approach to growing the single crystal. The metal complex was characterized for its composition, functional groups, surface morphology as well as complex 3D structure, by resorting to various analytical techniques. The interacting surface and stability as well as reactivity of the complex were carried out using the DFT platform. From ADMET parameters, human Intestinal Absorbance data revealed that the compound has the potential to be well absorbed, and also Ni-SDZ complex cannot cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Additionally, the complex's DNA binding affinity and in-vivo and in-vitro cytotoxic studies were explored utilizing UV–Vis absorbance titration, viscosity measurements, and S. pombe cells and brine shrimp lethality tests. In visible light radiation, the Ni-SDZ complex displayed exceptional photo-degradation characteristics of approximately 70.19% within 70 min against methylene blue (MB). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an adaptive distance relay setting for parallel transmission network connecting wind farms. The ideal trip characteristics of distance relay is greatly affected in presence of mutual coupling of parallel transmission lines as the apparent impedance is significantly affected. Similarly, the reach setting of the relay for the lines connecting wind farms is significantly affected as the relay end voltage fluctuates continuously. Thus, the proposed study focuses on developing adaptive relay setting for parallel transmission network including wide variations in operating conditions of wind farms and effect of mutual coupling, together. Further, the performance of the proposed adaptive relay setting for parallel lines including Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) indicates the potential ability of the proposed analytical approach in handling distance relaying in transmission system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motion detection is the first important process in the mining of information concerning moving objects and makes use of stabilization in efficient areas, such as tracking, organization, identification, and so on. In this paper, we propose a new and perfect approach to motion detection for the automatic video surveillance system. Our method achieves total detection of moving objects by concerning three significant proposed modules: a background modeling (BM) module, block based module, and a human detection module. In the proposed work our method of quality detection uses wavelet threshold algorithms. The analyses show that our proposed method has a considerably higher scale of efficiency, outperforming other methods by a confusion matrix accuracy rate of up to 65%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the design of a 2 × 1 reconfigurable beam steering array. We have used a simple and cost-effective technique to implement the concept of reconfigurability by applying the phase difference between the two elements of the antenna array using the RF PIN diodes. A demonstration antenna has been simulated, fabricated, and measured to verify the proposed concept. This antenna array is designed on an FR4 substrate in which the two elements are fed through a microstrip line. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna can rotate its radiation pattern between −36° to +36° with respect to the antenna broadside within the overlapping bandwidth from 5.12 GHz to 5.41 GHz. The simulated and measured results are found in good agreement. The advantage of the proposed design is that it provides a larger steering angle using the same profile as other references with minimal design complexities due to its planar structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This paper presents a new method based on EMD for classifying muscle diseases from electromyogram signals. • In the proposed method, the suitable IMF for feature selection is determined using the t-test based approach. • The two visual features namely area (A) and circumference (CF) are computed using the complex plane plot of the IMF. • The proposed algorithm has been trained and validated using a feed forward neural network, SVM, and decision tree. • The proposed method is given better performance compare to exiting methods in terms of performace parameter. Muscle activity decreases due to various conditions like age factors and muscle diseases namely, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and myopathy. Electromyogram (EMG) signals are regularly explored by specialists to analyze the irregularity of muscles. Manual investigation of EMG signals is a tedious task for medical practitioners. Therefore, this work proposes a new method for classifying the ALS, myopathy, and normal EMG signals. In the proposed method, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method is applied to decompose the EMG signals into intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). The suitable IMFs for feature selection are selected using the t-test based approach and used to compute the foot distances denoted as fp 1 and fp 2 by constructing the complex plane plot. The quadrilateral is drawn over a complex plot by considering fp 1 and fp 2 as a diagonal of it, followed by calculating the area (A) and circumference (CF) of the quadrilateral. These measures are utilized for separating the three classes of myopathy, ALS, and normal EMG signals. The proposed algorithm has been trained and validated using a feed forward neural network (FFNN), support vector machine (SVM), and decision tree. The algorithm, when tested with a FFNN, achieved the maximum classification accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 99.53%, 99.25% and 99.60%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient and economical method has been developed for synthesis of 3-substituted oxindole by using electrochemically induced condensation of various N-substituted isatin, phenyl acetonitrile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) caused by either bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1 (BVDV 1) or BVDV 2 is responsible for significant economic losses in cattle and buffaloes. We recently established prevalence of BVDV 1b viruses in Indian cattle. Detection and typing of BVDV in Indian buffaloes is yet to be reported, though buffaloes and cattle contribute equally to livestock production systems in India. In this study, we report identification of BVDV 1 in Indian buffaloes and their genetic relationship with cattle strains. The 5' untranslated region (UTR) of 15 BVDVs amplified directly from clinical samples of buffaloes and cattle by RT--PCR during 2001--05 was sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 11 samples from cattle and three from buffaloes clustered with BVDV 1b, whereas one buffalo sample clustered with BVDV 1c, which may be its true representative. The study established prevalence of BVDV 1b and 1c subtypes in Indian buffaloes and close relationship among cattle and buffalo 1b viruses. Detection of BVDV 1b in cattle serum used as nutrient component recognized the need for mandatory testing of bovine sera before using for cell culture and manufacturing of veterinary vaccines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]