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A low intake of fish and PUFAand high dietary frans-and SFA are considered to be among the main preventable causes of death. Unfortunately, epidemiological and preclinical studies have yet to identify biomarkers that accurately predict the influence of fatty acid intake on risk of chronic diseases, including cancer. Changes in protein profile and post-translational modifications in tissue and biofluids may offer important clues about the impact of fatty acids on the etiology of chronic diseases. However, conventional protein methodologies are not adequate for assessing the impact of fatty acids on protein expression patterns and modifications and the discovery of protein biomarkers that predict changes in disease risk and progression in response to fatty acid intake. Although fluctuations in protein structure and abundance and inter-individual variability often mask subtle effects caused by dietary intervention, modern proteomic platforms offer tremendous opportunities to increase the sensitivity of protein analysis in tissues and biofluids (plasma, urine) and elucidate the effects of fatty acids on regulation of protein networks. Unfortunately, the number of studies that adopted proteomic tools to investigate the impact of fatty acids on disease risk and progression is quite small. The future success of proteomlcs in the discovery of biomarkers of fatty acid nutrition requires improved accessibility and standardization of proteomic methodologies, validation of quantitative and qualitative protein changes (e.g., expression levels, post-translational modifications) induced by fatty acids, and application of bioinformatic tools that can inform about the cause-effect relationships between fatty acid intake and health response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As CMOS technology continues the path of miniaturization, noise-induced fluctuations raise heightened reliability concerns. In previous work, an analytical framework based on Markov queueing theory and Poisson shot noise was presented to model the probabilistic behavior of a CMOS flip-flop operated in the subthreshold regime. In this paper, this model is extended to also account for the above-threshold shot noise, where the noise distribution is no longer Poissonian. The formulas for the time-dependent charging and discharging of node capacitors of a four-transistor flip-flop are derived for different regimes of operation characterized by distinct Fano factors. The statistics of electron arrival and departure at node capacitors is incorporated in an algebraic representation based on Markov queueing theory to map the effects of charge fluctuations on the logic stability of a flip-flop. This framework is used in Part II of this work to investigate failure in time for end-of-roadmap CMOS at the 10-nm gate-length scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Experiments are described in which exponential attenuation factors for surface waves both in the direction of propagation along a complex impedance surface and perpendicular to the surface are measured. The surface impedance calculated from these attenuations is then compared to that measured in an impedance tube. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three different models are described in an attempt to account for the frequency dependence of measured impedances of grass-covered ground. These are (a) a homogeneous ground of constant porosity, (b) a finite layer, also of constant porosity, overlying an infinite impedance, and (c) porosity decreasing with depth. The latter structure provides the best fit to the experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The solution using Cagniard's method for the reflection of a spherical wave from a locally reacting plane boundary is compared to that using the steepest descents method. The contribution from the presence of a pole is less arbitrary using this method and the transition from the pole to the no pole case is shown to be gradual. A further solution in the time domain for an incident time impluse function is also derived. Subject Classification: [43]20.15, [43]20.30; [43]28.40. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analysis, using complex angles of incidence as the variable in a steepest descents integration, is made of the propagation of sound from a point source over a locally reacting complex impedance boundary. The integration process contains more terms than are normally used in the analysis, and the solution is valid over a large range of horizontal distances. Conditions for the existence of surface waves are discussed in some detail. A comparison is made of measured and calculated values of pressure on the boundary. Subject Classification: [43]28.40; [43]20.15, [43]20.30. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

bstract [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The radiated energy from a vibrating wall is measured and compared to the value calculated from a knowledge of the correlation of the vibrational velocity over the wall surface. Detailed measurements were made on a single wall, but it is shown that the case of a double wall may be predicted with fair accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]