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The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of research and development expenditure on the company's financial performance and prove the influence of corporate age moderation. The research population consisting of 140 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange was selected using the purposive sampling method. The final sample size is 113 companies that provide annual financial statements from 2012-2017. The unbalanced panel data analysis uses variables in the company's annual reports that are tested using OLS regression. The results found that companies investing in R&D experienced a 3% increase in sales compared to companies that did not spend in R&D. Further testing also found that the age of the company moderated the relationship between R&D expenditure and financial performance, where older companies that invest in R&D produced 0.1% more sales and 0.6% higher profits than younger companies in the manufacturing industry. The conclusion of this study is that the effect of R&D expenditure on sales and net profit cannot be directly felt in the current year. R&D spending like other types of investment requires time to be able to contribute to the company's sales and net profit. The findings of this study provide support that R&D spending is a driving force for innovation in endogenous growth theories.

Abstract Democracy about education in which many problems often occur, one of which is a problem that often occurs in the world of education according to the observations of researchers, such as schools, especially teachers often become a reference of many things that are not desired by the community. When children depend on watching television, it is the school that is targeted because it is considered not to provide maximum media education. When brawls often occur, it is the school that is highlighted the most because schools lack instill education in values. When people do not know much about technology, it is also the school that is the focus because of inattention to the times, and there are still many other examples of problems. The purpose of this study is to find out what is a democratic concept in Islam and to explain democratic education according to Islam. The research method used is a grounded theory method that uses data from materials that are a library (library research), where the author reads and studies books or literature relating to the problem under study. The principles of Islamic democracy towards Islamic education are: There is freedom for educators and students, which freedom here includes: freedom of work, freedom to develop potential and freedom of opinion. Similarities with students in Islamic education. Because Islam provides equal opportunities for all students to get an education or study. Respect for the dignity of individuals in Islamic education. Keywords: Democracy; Discussion; Education; Value. Abstrak Demokrasi mengenai pendidikan yang mana banyak permasalahan yang sering terjadi salah satunya adalah masalah yang sering terjadi dalam dunia pendidikan menurut hasil pengamatan peneliti, seperti: sekolah terutama guru sering menjadi rujukan dari banyak hal yang tidak diinginkan masyarakat. Ketika anak-anak ketergantungan menonton televisi, sekolahlah yang yang menjadi sasaran karena dianggap tidak memberikan pendidikan media yang maksimal. Ketika sering terjadi tawuran, sekolahlah yang paling disorot karena sekolah kurang menanamkan pendidikan nilai. Ketika masyarakat tidak mengenal jauh teknologi, sekolahlah juga yang menjadi tumpuan karena kurang perhatian terhadap perkembangan zaman, dan masih banyak contoh masalah-masalah yang lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsep demokratis dalam Islam dan untuk menjelaskan pendidikan demokratis menurut Islam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode teori dasar yang menggunakan data dari bahan-bahan yaitu bersifat kepustakaan (library research), dimana penulis membaca dan mempelajari buku-buku atau literatur yang berhubungan dengan permasalahan yang diteliti. Prinsip demokratis dalam Pendidikan Islam yaitu: Adanya kebebasan bagi pendidik dan peserta didik, yang mana kebebasan di sini meliputi: kebebasan berkarya, kebebasan mengembangkan potensi dan kebebasan berpendapat. Persamaan terhadap peserta didik dalam pendidikan Islam. Karena, Islam memberikan kesempatan yang sama bagi semua peserta didik untuk mendapatkan pendidikan atau belajar. Penghormatan akan martabat individu dalam pendidikan Islam. Kata Kunci: Demokrasi; Musyawarh; Pendidikan; Nilai.

The Way Kuripan River is one of the rivers in Bandar Lampung which overflows during the rainy season. Downstream of the river passes through several subdistrict, is Pesawahan, and Kota Karang. The purpose of the study is to analyze the river water level when the rainy season arrives. Based on survey research, the upstream of Way Kuripan River in the Betung Hills has a river width of ± 20 m and river depth of 4,51 m. While the downstream of the river width of ± 10 m and river depth of 2,78 m. Analyze using the Graphic Integration Method. Obtained, upstream water level of the river during the rainy season is 3.0793 m < 4.51 m. This is considered safety because the water discharge is still accommodated by the river. However, not with downstream conditions, the river water level reaches 5,216 m > 2.78 m. As a result, the watershed passed through (Pesawahan and Kota Karang subdistrict), experiences flooding due to overflowing water discharge.

The unique maximal ideal in the Banach algebra L(E), E = (⊕ℓ∞(n))ℓ¹, is identified. The proof relies on techniques developed by Laustsen, Loy and Read (published in the Journal of Functional Analysis in 2004) and a dichotomy result for operators mapping into L¹ due to Laustsen, Odell, Schlumprecht and Zśak (published in the Journal of the London Mathematical Society in 2012). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unique maximal ideal in the Banach algebra L(E), E = (⊕ℓ∞(n))ℓ¹, is identified. The proof relies on techniques developed by Laustsen, Loy and Read (published in the Journal of Functional Analysis in 2004) and a dichotomy result for operators mapping into L¹ due to Laustsen, Odell, Schlumprecht and Zśak (published in the Journal of the London Mathematical Society in 2012). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Masjid Pathok Negara Babadan merupakan salah satu dari empat Masjid Pathok Negara yang berperan sebagai batas Timur Negara di masa Kesultanan Yogyakarta. Masjid Pathok Negara Babadan telah mengalami berbagai macam perubahan fisik, khususnya pada ruang-ruang yang ada saat ini. Akan tetapi, dibalik perubahan-perubahan tersebut terdapat ruang yang keberadaannya selalu konsisten sejak masjid pertama kali berdiri hingga sekarang ini. Hal ini memunculkan pertanyaan-pertanyaan seperti apa saja ruang yang konsisten di dalam Masjid Pathok Negara Babadan dan apa yang mempengaruhi konsistensi dari ruang tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif dalam mengumpulkan data dan informasi-informasi mengenai perkembangan denah dan ruang-ruang di Masjid Pathok Negara Babadan. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode diakronik dan sistem Koordinat Kartesian/Cartesian Coordinate System (CCS). Temuan penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa keberadaan ruang pangimaman, liwan, dan pawestren merupakan ruang yang konsisten di dalam Masjid Pathok Negara Babadan. Konsistensi ruang-ruang tersebut dipengaruhi faktor otoritas keraton sebagai pemilik utama masjid-masjid kesultanan (kagungan dalem), termasuk di dalamnya Masjid Pathok Negara Babadan. © 2020 Denny Huldiansyah, Tarcicius Yoyok Wahyu Subroto

Musculoskeletal complaints or MSDs are common in the bakery industry. Observations and analyses of work posture among bakers are crucial to determine the most practical solution to MSD subjective complaints. This study aims to analyze the impact of work posture on musculoskeletal events in bakery industry workers. This research is quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. This study recruited 52 bakers. Work posture data was obtained by utilizing the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) instrument. The subjective musculoskeletal complaint data were collected using the Nordic Body Map (NBM) instrument. The results indicated that most workers (90.4%) were in the young category, 67.3% were male, and 51.9% had a long permanent contract. Most respondents are in the high ergonomic risk category (75%). The lower back (63.5%), neck (25%), and ankle (25%) were subjectively reported by the respondents using the NBM instrument. There was no significant relationship between ergonomic risk and MSD complaints (p-value = 0.721 at α = 0.05). The bakers were exposed to ergonomic limitations and experienced some subjective MSD complaints. However, no significant association was found between ergonomic work posture limitations and MSD complaints. The non-significant finding might be related to the small sample study size or the measurement bias.

The potential of adsorption and regeneration of Indonesian natural pumice to remove nitrate from aqueous solution was studied in multiple adsorption-desorption cycles. Batch experiments were performed to examine the effect of various experimental parameters on the removal of nitrate. The optimum condition of nitrate removal by natural pumice were obtained at 3 of pH solution, 0.3 g/L of adsorbent dose, 30 min of contact time,

The invention of graphical processing units (GPUs) has significantly improved the speed of long processes used in molecular dynamics (MD) to search for drug candidates to treat diseases, such as malaria. Previous work using a single GTX GPU showed considerable improvement compared to GPUs run in a cluster environment. In the current work, AMBER and dual GTX 780 and 970 GPUs were used to run an MD simulation on the Plasmodium falciparum enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase enzyme; the results showed that performance was improved, particularly for molecules with a large number of atoms using single GPU.