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In a revolution, governors can no longer govern, and the governed refuse to be so. In this sense, the experience of the Portuguese Local Support Service (Serviço de Apoio Ambulatório Local—SAAL) epitomizes the national revolution of 1974–5, allowing poor city workers to reclaim the right to housing and the city. This essay discusses the Catujal Workers Estate, built in this context, in Loures (Lisbon Region) with a plan by the brigade led by architect Francisco Pires Keil do Amaral. Most information is derived from the reports and drawings of the original SAAL intervention, with the aim of presenting an observation of this case and trying to highlight the process of cooperation that linked those designing the habitat with those who were to live in it.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. Nutritional alterations are one of the non-motor symptoms that most influence the quality of life (QoL) in PD.ObjectiveTherefore, this review aims to evaluate whether nutritional alterations are related either to the severity of motor and non-motor symptoms through the gut-brain axis or to the different treatments for PD and whether all of this, in turn, impacts the QoL of patients.MethodsA systematic review was carried out in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases, and Mendeley from 2000 to June 2024, searching for articles related to nutritional alterations in PD that alter patients’ QoL. A total of 14 articles (2,187 participants) of 924 records were included.ResultsAmong the 14 studies examined, two investigated the relationship between nutritional status and QoL in patients with PD. Poor nutritional status was associated with lower QoL scores. Four studies explored the connection between nutritional status and its impact on both motor and non-motor symptoms (psychiatric disturbances, cognitive impairment, and fatigue), revealing a link between nutritional status, activities of daily living, and the severity of motor symptoms. Three studies identified changes in body weight associated with the severity of symptoms related to mobility issues in PD patients. Three studies investigated the relationship between different PD treatments and their interaction with changes in weight and energy metabolism, highlighting that weight loss in the early stages of PD needs adequate monitoring of different treatments, as well as the interaction between the central and peripheral nervous systems in regulating these processes. Finally, two studies investigated how gastrointestinal alterations and changes in the microbiota were related to cognitive status, thus identifying them as risk factors and early signs of PD.DiscussionThe systematic review highlighted the significant relationship between nutritional status and QoL in patients with PD, as well as how the PD treatments influenced their weight. An association was also observed in the gut-brain axis, where adequate nutritional status influenced the balance of intestinal microbiota, slowing cognitive decline, improving activities of daily living, and the QoL of PD patients. It is confirmed that the nutritional status of patients influenced both motor and non-motor symptoms of the disease, and therefore their QoL.

IntroductionEndometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease associated with chronic debilitating pain, poor mental health and quality of life. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of psychological interventions aimed at improving the pain, quality of life and mental health of women with endometriosis.MethodsA systematic review (SR) of the literature with meta-analysis (MA) was carried out. MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and CENTRAL were searched to locate Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). The risk of bias assessment of each study was conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration’s RoB 2.0 tool.ResultsSeven RCTs were included (N = 757). The data obtained suggest that psychological interventions reduce dyspareunia [standardized mean difference (SMD): -0.54, 95% CI: −0.86, −0.22] and dyschezia [mean difference (MD): -2.90, 95% CI: −4.55, −1.26] and increase mental health levels (SMD: 0.70, 95% CI: 0. 42, 0.99); they also point to a large reduction in levels of trait anxiety (MD: -6.63, 95% CI: −8.27, −4.99) and depression (MD: -2.49, 95% CI: −3.20, −1.79), and a likely reduction in state anxiety (MD: -9.72, 95% CI: −13.11, −6.33) experienced by women with endometriosis. It was also identified that psychological interventions probably slightly reduce pelvic pain and may increase physical health. However, most of the included studies have a high overall risk of bias or have certain concerns, which limit conclusions about the certainty of the evidence.DiscussionThe available evidence indicates that psychological interventions are effective in improving the pain, quality of life and mental health variables of women with endometriosis.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, CRD42024516100.

La investigación que se presenta a continuación busca analizar cómo Benjamín Netanyahu ha empleado las dos técnicas de propaganda política que Edward Bernays consideraba como necesarias para condicionar la Opinión Pública, simplificación y deformación, tras los atentados de Hamás en suelo israelí el 7 de octubre. A este fin, se ha empleado tanto una metodología cuantitativa mínima a través de la plataforma online Fanpage Karma, como una metodología cualitativa mediante el Análisis Crítico del Discurso sobre una muestra de 12 intervenciones de Netanyahu entre el 7 de octubre y el 24 de noviembre. Los resultados demuestran que la propaganda política del gobierno de Israel descansa sobre tres ejes discursivos: 1) la instrumentalización política del trauma colectivo del pueblo judío; 2) una retórica teológica que justifica las acciones bélicas; y 3) la vinculación del grupo islamista Hamás con el nazismo y el ISIS.

ABSTRACT This work aimed to compare the efficiency of two commercial recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) formulations on productive, metabolic, behavioral, and feeding parameters of mid-lactation Holstein cows. Eighteen secondiparous cows were randomly assigned to two groups to be treated with injectable rbST (rbST-Fast, Boostin ® , MSD Saúde Animal; and rbST-Slow, Lactotropin ® , Agener União Saúde Animal). Cows were rbST-treated during five cycles of 14 days each, totaling 70 days. Blood samples were collected thrice in each cycle to assess metabolic markers. Daily, automatic feeders and individual monitoring collars measured behavior and feed intake. Milk samples were collected weekly to evaluate milk composition and somatic cell count. The rbST-Fast group had higher milk production ( p = 0.03) and tended to present greater feed intake ( p = 0.07). In addition, animals treated with rbST-Fast had higher ( p < 0.01) concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and tended ( p = 0.09) to have lower serum glucose values. As for the variation in body weight, cows treated with rbST-Fast lost approximately three times more weight ( p < 0.01) than rbST-Slow cows. Regarding milk components, cows from the rbST-Fast group produced milk with a higher lactose content ( p = 0.05). In conclusion, rbST-Fast treated cows produced more milk, had higher feed intake, and showed a higher degree of lipid mobilization, demonstrated through the higher body weight loss and higher NEFA concentrations.

The constitutive and strong GAP promoter (PGAP) from the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene has emerged as a suitable option for protein production in methanol-free Komagataella phaffii (syn. Pichia pastoris) expression systems. Nevertheless, the effect of the transcriptional terminator from the alcohol oxidase 1 gene (TAOX1) or GAPDH gene (TGAP) within the heterologous gene structure on the transcriptional activity in a PGAP-based strain and the impact on the extracellular product/biomass yield (Yp/x) has not yet been fully characterized. In this study, we engineered two K. phaffii strains, each harboring a single copy of a different combination of regulatory DNA elements (i.e., PGAP-TAOX1 or PGAP-TGAP pairs) within the heterologous gene structure. Moreover, we assessed the impact of the regulatory element combinations, along with the carbon source (glucose or glycerol) and the stage of cell growth, on the transcript levels of the reporter gene and the endogenous GAPDH gene in the yeast cells, as well as the extracellular Yp/x values. The results indicate that the regulation of transcription for both heterologous and endogenous GAPDH genes, the extracellular Yp/x values, and translation and/or heterologous protein secretion were influenced by the PGAP-transcriptional terminator combination, with the carbon source and the stage of cell growth acting as modulatory factors. The highest transcript levels for the heterologous and endogenous GAPDH genes were observed in glucose cultures at a high specific growth rate (0.253 h−1). Extracellular Yp/x values showed an increasing trend as the culture progressed, with the highest values observed in glucose cultures, and in the PGAP-TAOX1-based strain. The presence of TAOX1 or TGAP within the heterologous gene structure activated distinct gene regulatory elements in each strain, leading to differential modulation of gene regulation for the heterologous and the GAPDH genes, even though both genes were under the control of the same promoter (PGAP). TAOX1 induced competitive regulation of transcriptional activity between the two genes, resulting in enhanced transcriptional activity of the GAPDH gene. Moreover, TAOX1 led to increased mRNA stability and triggered distinct metabolic downregulation mechanisms due to carbon source depletion compared to TGAP. TAOX1 enhanced translation and/or heterologous protein secretion activity at a high specific growth rate (0.253 h−1), while TGAP was more effective in enhancing post-transcriptional activity at a low specific growth rate (0.030 h−1), regardless of the carbon source. The highest extracellular Yp/x was obtained with the PGAP-TAOX1-based strain when the culture was carried out at a low specific growth rate (0.030 h−1) using glucose as the carbon source. The optimization of regulatory elements and growth conditions presents opportunities for enhancing the production of biomolecules of interest.

Nanoscale metal–organic frameworks (NMOFs) exhibit unique properties for drug delivery, including ultrahigh storage capabilities, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and sustained release of encapsulated cargo. However, due to their localized electronic states, MOFs are nonresponsive to external stimuli such as light or magnetic fields. This study investigates the integration of light‐responsive nanoantennas into NMOFs to enhance their application as smart drug delivery nanosystems. By integrating gold bipyramid nanoantennas within ZIF‐8 and NU‐1000 NMOFs, core@shell nanosystems are created with photothermal capabilities. Utilizing cresyl violet as a model drug, the loading and release dynamics of these nanosystems are analyzed, demonstrating controlled drug release under near‐infrared (NIR) light stimulation. Photothermal release studies conducted in living cells reveal the potential of these nanocomposites for spatiotemporal targeted, light‐activated drug delivery. Further evaluation of the NU‐1000 nanocomposite loaded with chemotherapeutics—doxorubicin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin—in both 2D and 3D cell cultures shows the nanosystem effectiveness in cell internalization and therapeutic NIR activation. The findings demonstrate that the incorporation of stimuli‐responsive elements into NMOFs offers a promising approach for developing advanced drug delivery platforms.

ABSTRACT The aim of the present negatively controlled, randomized clinical trial was to assess dry matter intake (DMI) and behavior in cows with mild and moderate naturally occurring CM caused by gram-negative or culture-negative pathogens. Enrolled cases were assigned to either the negative control or to the treatment group, which received one infusion of intramammary ciprofloxacin for three consecutive days. Behavior was assessed through neck collars which monitors rumination, activity, and rest times. Electronic feeders were used to record feeding behavior and DMI. Also, average daily milk yield, milk composition, somatic cells count (SCC), and white blood cells count (WBC) were evaluated. Of a total of 67 cases of CM, 23 met the criteria to enter the experiment and were enrolled to the negative control (n=13) and to the treated group (n=10). There was no difference in behavior between groups throughout the studied period. Also, no difference was found in DMI, feeding behavior and in the other parameters between negative control and treated cases. Therefore, the selective treatment did not have negative impacts on behavior and DMI, as well as in the other parameters. This therapeutic strategy can be beneficial since reduces costs and the use of antimicrobials in dairy farms.

This work describes the flexural behavior of biocomposites composed of a polyurethane matrix derived from castor oil plants and coir fibers. A statistical design is performed to identify the effects of fiber alkaline treatment and aging on the flexural modulus and strength of the composites. Physical tests and failure analyses are carried out to better assess their mechanical performance. A second experiment at 100% relative humidity is performed on treated fiber composites to compare with those obtained by immersion in water. The flexural modulus of the composites is not significantly affected by the fiber alkali treatment, while the strength is reduced by 35.17% when treated fibers are considered. Increasing the exposure time of composites under both aging conditions progressively reduces their flexural properties. The aging process of biocomposites in an environment with 100% relative humidity takes twice as long to reduce to the same flexural properties as those aged in water. Highlights * Composites made with treated fibers showed higher apparent density and lower porosity. * Water aging reduces flexural modulus and strength of biobased coir composites. * The bending properties are strongly dominated by the properties of biobased polymer. * 100% relative humidity takes twice as long to reduce to the flexural properties as those aged in water. * Untreated coir fibers achieve superior bending properties under moisture aging. KEYWORDS aging process, alkaline treatment, biobased polyurethane, coir fiber, flexural properties, 1 | INTRODUCTION In recent years, the increase in nondegradable waste accumulated in landfills, mainly polymeric materials derived from petroleum, has generated considerable environmental problems. (1) For this reason, the [...]

The competitive calendars in sports often lead to fluctuations in the effort-recovery cycle and sleep quality. NESA noninvasive neuromodulation, achieved through microcurrent modulation of the autonomic nervous system, holds promise for enhancing sleep quality and autonomic activation during stressful situations. The objective of this study was to analyze the sleep and recovery responses of basketball players over six weeks of training and competition, with the integration of NESA noninvasive neuromodulation. A preliminary experimental study involving 12 participants was conducted, with a placebo group (n = 6) and an intervention group (n = 6) treated with NESA noninvasive neuromodulation. Sleep variables and biomarkers such as testosterone, cortisol, and the cortisol:testosterone ratio were analyzed to assess player recovery and adaptations. Significant differences were observed in total, duration, and REM sleep variables (p-value= < 0.001; 0.007;

O pensamento computacional (PC) tem sido tema de muitas pesquisas e, paulatinamente, está sendo incorporado aos currículos escolares da educação básica no Brasil. Porém, as investigações no que tange à forma de avaliação do pensamento computacional, bem como sua aplicabilidade na educação de adultos são ainda incipientes. Esta pesquisa objetiva apresentar quatro estudos de caso, utilizando o Modelo de Referência de Pensamento Computacional (MRPC) e um constructo andragógico, para desenvolver e avaliar as habilidades do PC em indivíduos adultos, discentes de um curso superior na área de tecnologia. Esta práxis avaliativa está ancorada no conceito de transdisciplinaridade, abarcando as áreas de filosofia, matemática e ciência da computação e, por conseguinte, a classificação dos sujeitos como Alfabetizado em Código, Letrado em Código, Pensador Computacional Desplugado ou nenhuma delas. Um dos resultados obtidos na pesquisa foi que 80% dos sujeitos foram classificados como Alfabetizados em Código, o que significa que os discentes conseguiram desenvolver as habilidades propostas no MRPC, inclusive a de programação de aplicativos móveis.

Spain has grown economically due to the recent boosts in the industrial sector, the agricultural sector, construction and services. Those who carry out agricultural tasks are mainly undocumented immigrants living in marginal neighborhoods. Objectives: to know the perception of undocumented Moroccan migrants living in marginal neighborhoods regarding access to the Public Health System. Methods: A qualitative method with a phenomenological approach was used to get closer to the experience of the participants in the study. In this work, 24 semi-structured interviews were conducted following a guide with a set of open questions to facilitate an in-depth discussion of the topics of interest. The participants were given an informed consent form, which guaranteed anonymity and confidentiality regarding the information obtained. For this, codes were used to identify them. The data were stored, managed, classified, and organized with the ATLAS-ti 9 software. Results: access and use of health services by the immigrants in the study was difficult due to communication problems related to language and culture, the discriminatory attitude and lack of cultural competence of health personnel, and the location of the neighborhoods (which were marginal far from urban centers), as well as the lack of transportation to health centers. Conclusions: it is an ethical imperative of the Health System to offer greater attention to the population in situations of extreme vulnerability, implement intercultural mediators and train health professionals in cultural competence.

A Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) para o nível fundamental da educação básica foi publicada em 2017 e, desde então, apesar de constituir-se como documento normativo da educação básica nacional, é tema de análises e discussões sobre seu conteúdo e sua aplicabilidade. Este artigo tem por objetivo tecer uma análise junto a este documento procurando por aproximações e distanciamentos entre tais normatizações e as proposições da abordagem Ciência-Tecnologia-Sociedade, conforme os estudos de Santos e Mortimer (2002), Aikenhead (1994), Ziman (1980) entre outros. Para balizar este estudo, realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa documental junto à BNCC, procurando pelos mencionados pontos de encontros e desencontros. Os pontos desvelados foram tratados pelo método de Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD), conforme Moraes e Galiazzi (2006). Para organizar os resultados, foram elencadas categorias a priori, conforme Cortez e Del Pino (2017), permitindo destacar coerências como o uso da problematização e dicotomias como a formação crítica do educando.

We report the first detection of a magnetic discontinuity in the upper solar chromosphere associated with a coronal loop brightening. Our findings are based on novel observations obtained by the Chromospheric LAyer SpectroPolarimeter (CLASP2.1) suborbital space experiment. During its short 6 minute flight, CLASP2.1 successfully obtained spectropolarimetric data across the Mg ii h and k lines, which allowed us to map the longitudinal magnetic field at multiple heights in the chromosphere of a solar active region. During our observation, we found a coronal loop brightening that was intermittently and recurrently heated. The temperature of the brightening plasma is above 2.5 MK, which is higher than the ambient temperature, and no corresponding brightening is detected in the images of the photosphere and lower chromosphere. The notable finding of our study is that the coronal loop brightening of interest is observed across a region where the magnetic field polarity changes abruptly in the upper chromosphere. Our results provide observational evidence that the heating mechanism of the coronal loop brightening is consistent with magnetic reconnection in the upper solar chromosphere.

This study aimed to evaluate the nitrogen (N) residual effects of winter cover crops (CCs) on soil N availability and corn (Zea mays L.) performance over two growing seasons and at two sites in Uruguay. Both conventional and isotopic methods were used to assess the N residual effects of two legume monocultures, a legume–grass mixture, an oat monoculture, and a control without CCs. The experimental design was a randomized block with split plots, where CCs were applied to main plots and N rates (0 and 100 kg ha⁻1) to subplots. An isotopic trial with 15N was included to measure fertilizer N use efficiency (NUE). Results varied between sites: at Site 1, legume monocultures enhanced soil N availability and, along with N rate, significantly increased corn yield and N uptake. At Site 2, only the N rate affected these variables. Site 1 had a low crop 15N recovery, averaging 9.5% due to weeds and heavy rainfall, while Site 2 showed higher recovery, notably when corn succeeded lupine (35%) and mixture CCs (40%). The soil’s top layer and corn grain showed the highest 15N concentration. The study suggests that specific CC combinations tailored to site conditions may optimize corn yield and NUE.

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is essential for food security, providing economic benefits in tropical and subtropical regions. However, its high water requirements pose challenges, especially in water-scarce areas like Cape Verde. This study hypothesises that reclaimed water (RW) irrigation can promote papaya production and investigates how water can be managed to ensure sustainability and increase agricultural productivity. An experiment was conducted using Carica papaya L. var Solo-nº8, focusing on subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) with RW. Three irrigation treatments were compared, namely, T1: RW with SDI; T2: RW with drip irrigation (DI); and T3: conventional water (CW) with SDI. The study evaluated crop yields and water use efficiency (WUE) over 13 months, monitoring soil and water quality and papaya growth and yields. Despite quality concerns, RW maintained soil fertility and ensured sustainable reuse. Papaya demonstrated high adaptability and productivity under experimental conditions. T1 significantly increased the cumulative fruit yield (69 t/ha) compared to T2 (65 t/ha) and T3 (62.7 t/ha). T1 also had the highest WUE (5.97 kg/m3), demonstrating the effectiveness of RW and SDI in optimising water use. The results indicate that RW can be a viable alternative to conventional water sources, providing new insights into sustainable agricultural practices and improving food security in arid and semi-arid regions.

Betalains, which contain nitrogen and are water soluble, are the pigments responsible for many traits of plants and biological activities in different organisms that do not produce them. To better annotate and identify betalains using a spectral library and fingerprint, a database catalog of 140 known betalains (112 betacyanins and 28 betaxanthins) was made in this work to simplify betalain identification in mass spectrometry analysis. Fragmented peaks obtained using MassFrontier, along with chemical structures and protonated precursor ions for each betalain, were added to the database. Product ions made in MS/MS and multistage MS analyses of betanin, beetroot extract, and red pitaya extract revealed the fingerprint of betalains, distinctive ions of betacyanin, betacyanin derivatives such as decarboxylated and dehydrogenated betacyanins, and betaxanthins. A distinctive ion with m/z 211.07 was found in betaxanthins. By using the fingerprint of betalains in the analysis of red pitaya extracts, the catalog of betalains in red pitaya was expanded to 86 (31 betacyanins, 36 betacyanin derivatives, and 19 betaxanthins). Four unknown betalains were detected to have the fingerprint of betalains, but further research will aid in revealing the complete structure. Taken together, we envisage that the further use of the fingerprint of betalains will increase the annotation coverage of identified molecules in studies related to revealing the biological function of betalains or making technologies based on these natural colorants.