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201. Cellular aspects of invertebrate neuropharmacology

Author

D A Sakharov

Subjects
Central Nervous System, Serotonin, Sensory Receptor Cells, Annelida, Dopamine, Receptors, Drug, Neurophysiology, Synaptic Transmission, chemistry.chemical_compound, Norepinephrine, Glutamates, biology.animal, Leeches, Cellular aspects, Animals, Chemical transmission, Unit level, Arthropods, Neuropharmacology, Neurons, biology, Aminobutyrates, Vertebrate, Anatomy, Muscle pharmacology, Turbellaria, Acetylcholinesterase, Invertebrates, Acetylcholine, Psychiatry and Mental health, chemistry, Mollusca, Cholinergic, Neuroscience
Abstract

The subject of this article lies within the traditional range of questions which might be designated as pharmacological aspects of invertebrate neu­ robiology. We will not attempt to cover the entire area of chemical trans­ mission in invertebrate nervous systems. This review is to call attention to the plurality of the chemical transmission mechanisms within a simple ner­ vous system and to search for information on the origin of the pharmaco­ logical heterogeneity of synapses which appears to be a fundamental feature of nervous s ystems including that of man. Consideration wil l be given to re­ sults which can be interpreted in terms of cellular pharm acology. Emphasis will be on the species best investigated at the unit level, comparative data being drawn in to clarify how far the elected species are representative. It should be noted that a comparative study should not necessarily adopt its assumptions and systems of classification from vertebrate pharmacology and neurology. Cholinergic receptors (ChR) are usually described in terms of vertebrate muscle pharmacology ("Muscarinic" and "nicotin ic " recep­ tors)--,a classification which does not apply to invertebrates (1). The use of inadequate definitions delays the accumulation of data and working out of appropriate classifications of ChR's although some work has been done in this important area (2). Another invalid though widely accepted generaliza­ tion is the assumption that ACh inactivating enzymes fall into two catego­ ries, viz., acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) of n eurons, and cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) of glial cells. Comparative data demonstrate that enzymes often do not fit this classification. Thus the single enzyme of the squid brain combines the properties of both mammalian cholinesterases; moreover, brain cholinesterases of decapod and octopod cephalopods are chemically and pharmacologically different enzymes (3-5). Since the presence of an ACh inactivating enzyme at junctional areas is considered to be a relatively late

Published
1970

204. (NERVE CELLS OF TRITONIA DIOMEDIA BERGH.)

Author

B N, VEPRINTSEV, I V, KRASTS, and D A, SAKHAROV

Subjects
Neurons, Histology, Mollusca, Research, Animals, Neurophysiology, Anatomy, Nervous System
Published
1964

205. Third International Congress of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry

Author

J. E. Kephart, Zenon Steplewski, Kokichi Kanazawa, F. Cisotti, M. P. Ehrlich, K. Holubar, D. F. Swaab, Erich Künzel, J. Thomas Danzi, Erna Avrin, L. Konopska, B. Korych, M. T. Tchaika, Donald W. Misch, Peter W. Neurath, M. M. Coombs, N. H. Bass, Gianfranco Ballare, J. D. Vigario, A. Tixier-Vidal, J. W. Anderson, Peter H. Bartels, Floyd E. Bloom, J. M. S. Prewitt, W. Gössner, V. D. Novikov, Masanori Takeda, A. S. Vecher, Gunter F. Bahr, A. Stammler, Ellen M. Rasch, R. Thalmann, Vick Williams, Lois W. Tice, N. T. Raikhlin, Torbjörn Caspersson, Gianmario Mariuzzi, M. M. Salpeter, Jacques Lipetz, Franca Porcelli, V. Preto Parvis, P. B. Gahan, Hans-Jürgen Herrmann, Karoly Balogh, F. L. Schuster, Z. Lojda, Frederick T. Zugibe, B. Hershenov, Moshe Kalina, Heinz Von Mayersbach, Gordon L. Rosene, C. C. Orton, Jan Wieckowski, M. P. King, Charles E. Hughes, A. L. Bastos, A. A. Castellani, E. E. McGarry, G. Szegly, George L. Wied, Lawrence S. Hurwitz, Jerome P. Horwitz, L. K. Sharashidze, George B. Koelle, Sin Hang Lee, G. C. Budd, Gerhard Müller, A. Björklund, Hilde E. Hirsch, Carlo Alberto Beltrami, R. Håkanson, L. D. Lukyanova, G. G. Glenner, J. Drukker, M. Z. M. Ibrahim, Doina Onicescu, Cornelia Prundeanu, N. V. Samosudova, J. A. F. Silva, S. O. Enenko, C. Pilgrim, Takaharu Matsumoto, Masa-Oki Yamada, Allen Costoff, Peter V. Moulder, F. Patocka, P. Tournier, Bo Thorell, Alberto Candiotti, Vinci Mizuhira, Carl Ritter, A. Simard, Donald R. Hodges, S. Guha, M. I. Parfanovich, D. Bootsma, Wesley J. Birge, J. Hartman, Lloyd J. Roth, Sidney Goldfischer, Blake W. Moore, R. Rigler, M. Rizzotti, M. S. Aksyutina, Lucien J. Rubinstein, William J. Dougherty, V. R. Switsur, Richard M. Torack, B. Perry, Paul J. McMillan, Hélio B. Coutinho, B. Ehinger, Leonard F. Bélanger, K. H. Jaeger, O. Macovschi, D. Zaccheo, Stefan Hovmark, Andre Gerard, Robert S. Ledley, Ferdinando Rossi, R. J. Barrnett, Herbert A. Lubs, J. E. Jirasek, Harold Koenig, M. Stroun, B. Sylvén, V. D. Arutyunov, Richard L. Tyndall, Elisabeth Von der Muehll, X. Yataganas, Brian H. Mayall, J. C. Liu, A. Pope, P. X. Callahan, Susan P. Gaffney, Ei-ichi Yokomura, E. A. Kirianova, L. Monus, Fritz Ruch, Josef V. Freisler, A. M. Terrinha, A. Heller, B. Gabara, Peter J. Stoward, David S. Alkek, G. Kiefer, Alfredo Mariano Garcia, H. H. Hess, Gottfried Werner, Alessandra Forni, Josef Vittek, G. A. Jurzina, P. E. Norgren, H. G. Goslar, Ulrich Welsch, Margaret C. Boadle, Katsumi Wakabayashi, Jean McLean, P. Grigoriadis, Jean R. Adams, C. Bode, M. M. Ogieveckaja, Joseph Rigatuso, Tadao Takeuchi, John E. Pauly, Kendall Preston, Patricia D. Wilson, A. G. E. Pearse, David M. Maeir, T. Abe, O. S. Frankfurt, Jan L. E. Ericsson, Karel Philippens, Gy. Vadasz, E. T. Angelakos, F. Hernández, Frank H. Ruddle, Sally B. Fand, Richard Heitsch, Hideo Takamatsu, M. Matsuda, L. Ya. Yablonovskaya, Wiecher H. VanHouten, Hildegard E. Enesco, I. Törö, Takanori Amakawa, T. J. Conway, M. J. Olszewska, V. E. Shungskaya, Joh. Koudstaal, R. S. Morgan, C. Vladescu, Boris Gueft, A. Urano, Viviane Maggi, Totada R. Shantha, Nicolas Zenker, Lawrence E. Scheving, A. Goldstone, E. N. Sarch, Dean E. Abrahamson, K. Felgenhauer, Thomas B. Shows, J. P. Mitchell, Jeffrey P. Chang, A. A. Masko, Ovidio Duarte-Escalante, L. Roizin, Klaus Wächtler, Lenore Wagner, C. P. Leblond, M. L. Mendelsohn, L. Luksys, K. C. Tsou, Erik Zeuthen, M. Kazama, Helen P. Sorokin, K. A. Gornak, Jácia T. Rocha, T. H. Schiebler, C. W. Goodwin, L. M. Franks, K. Wolff, Sun K. Song, Bun-Ichi Tamaoki, D. A. Sakharov, W. King Engel, Shinichi Imura, Rachele Alberti, J. Ken McDonald, V. Áubrechtova, Patricia A. Kinnison, Yoshihiro Hamashima, Z. A. Cohn, Stanley Scher, C. E. Grossi, J. Jos, Arline D. Deitch, N. V. Donskikh, J.-E. Edström, E. Bajusz, M. F. Kramer, Seth W. Gilkerson, H. Benoit, M. A. Van Dilla, G. Freytag, G. Aureli, E. J. Dupraw, H. R. Tyagi, A. Jarrett, A. I. Bukhonova, C. A. Squier, B. Daneholt, Sunao Iwata, K. Yokoyama, Giovanni Lanza, Margaret S. Misch, F. Gregoire, M. Kage, Ryuei Maeda, Eleanor Rita Lappano-Colletta, L. A. Kamentsky, S-U. Kim, U. M. Gross, Halina Sierakowska, M. Dauwalder, Patricia L. Haley, Shunta Hirose, Dorothy J. Moore, E. B. Masurovsky, Firoze B. Jungalwala, Walter E. Stumpf, Howard I. Siegel, M. Chyle, C. Balduini, A. L. Shnaper, Kei-Ichi Hirai, R. E. Smith, M. Serban, J. R. Coulter, A.-M. Bullens, Voldemar Vilter, Ph. J. Hoedemaeker, N. I. Tsirelnikov, Ines Mandl, K. I. Predkel, Dwo Lynm, Shigeru Morikawa, L. V. Danilova, Masasuke Akamatsu, J. Bolubasz, J. C. Beck, Amour F. Liber, Hans-Georg Schiemer, Peter F. Schatzki, J. D. Elema, J. Bernsohn, N. A. Probatova, Barbara Penar, Masando Hayashi, Tibor Barka, G. Gahrton, Annunzia Fraschini, U. Filotto, Paul F. Doolin, G. Fabris, Sergei P. Sorokin, Mildred Y. Chang, H. Dariush Fahimi, Mitsuo Sasaki, Nina D. Gracheva, Tinrat Stitnimankarn, T. Adesanya Ige Grillo, Gösta Jonsson, Regina Leske, A. Huszczuk, Sophia Kakari, W. Straus, J. Martinez De Morentin, M. F. Sheff, Frank Wohlrab, Timothy C. Appleton, T. Gilbert Scott, Eric A. Barnard, N. S. Sturua, Maria Popescu, Junichi Totsu, Takuma Saito, Lew Cunningham, Benito Monis, Ch. Owman, L. Ya. Lomakina, Alvin M. Burt, Z. Lodin, Satimaru Seno, K. P. M. Heirwegh, Giuseppe Gerzeli, Elliott F. Osserman, K. Nakashio, E. Brodie, W. Sandritter, M. H. Himes, John Pryse-Davis, R. S. Santti, Benjamin F. Trump, Nencioni T, B. Falck, Shinsuke Kanamura, Benjamin F. Jales, Attila Tanyolac, Konrad Akert, Eugene H. Blackstone, Donald B. Fisher, Theodore Peters, Zay B. Curtis, C. Mittermayer, B. Sporrong, Kazuko Uchida, Mortimer L. Mendelsohn, Daniel S. Friend, Yasuo Kishino, William D. Selles, A. V. Sakharova, Hazel Cheng, R. Daoust, Vernon J. Perez, W. Gepts, Stanley Ellis, Philip Ohringer, S. A. Burnasheva, J. E. Scott, A. Ingrami, M. J. Hardonk, Yvonne Hosannah, Carlton E. Blackwood, Jerome P. Miksche, Ludmila Fotin, S. Matsukawa, Otfried Müller, A. M. Baptista, V. Genta, P. F. Mullaney, Antti U. Arstila, G. Mori, H. Goebell, M. Ya. Subbotin, H. Kim, Niel Wald, E. Pascoe, Harold J. Sobel, Hideo Shindo, Merton Sandler, Richard Cornell, A. Riva, Sten W. Jakobsson, R. G. J. Willighagen, P. Sadauskas, V. J. Desmet, Roy O. Weller, Bjarne Pearson, L. Kalevi Korhonen, J. P. Waterhouse, Bernard Droz, Frank S. LaBella, H. Galjaard, C. L. Rosales, Andrzej Vorbrodt, Gerard M. Lehrer, Barry W. Wilson, Maria Gabriella, Stanley G. Sawicki, P. Leth Jørgensen, Nobuo Ohuchi, M. Bradshaw, Ju. J. Tendetnik, S. Virág, Norman G. Anderson, C. Burdick, Alex B. Novikoff, Christopher ’Seinde Adeoye, M. Zamfirescu-Gheorghiu, A. Gropp, K. D. Rokhlenko, H. Ooms, Eli Shuter, J. S. Hugon, V. V. Terskikh, C. Bona, Anne B. Johnson, J. M. Nunes, D. M. Conning, Nobutaka Itoh, S. R. Pelc, Z. Chirulescu, Walter C. Schneider, H. Kobayashi, Sohan L. Manocha, John R. Esterly, Marilyn G. Farquhar, O. E. Rjadneva, J. Lindner, N. G. Stepanova, N. N. Shiukashvili, Russell Ranshaw, A. Schauer, Väinö K. Hopsu-Havu, A. W. Carbonell, George B. Jerzy Glass, F. M. Matschinsky, Moshe Wolman, Edgar E. Smith, P. Satir, Claudia Joandrea-Casian, J. Tappeiner, Hans E. Kaiser, Fran Morriss, K. Grasedyck, J. F. Jongkind, Murray B. Bornstein, Winifred W. Doane, K. D. Eristawi, Giovanni Prenna, L. Matturri, Alexander M. Rutenburg, J. R. Garrett, J. Svejda, Muneaki Abe, B. Lederer, Waine C. Johnson, F. W. D. Rost, J. M. Hewitt, K. P. Ganina, Judith M. S. Prewitt, M. B. Kalamkarova, Robert M. Rosenbaum, Sheldon C. Sommers, Alfred C. Standen, W. G. Whaley, A. V. Zelenin, Paul K. Nakane, N. R. Ringertz, Robert Lev, L. L. Fadeeva, J. De Groote, Jacob S. Hanker, N. N. Sokolov, Jürgen Schlüns, V. I. Malyuk, William Bennett, Italo Nenci, E. O. Riecken, Milan R. Henzl, J. P. Fouquet, Vincent Spitaleri, Frank H. Moyer, T. John Leppi, P. Anker, Chandicharan Deb, Tomichi Masuya, L. Bolund, H. G. Godlewski, A. M. Souza Toledo, Jacques de Graef, Robert Katzman, David Glick, Eli Robins, Horst Zimmermann, Premysl Fric, P. J. Melnick, R. Nayak, S. Stroman, C. W. M. Adams, Charles A. Ashley, Teresa I. Mercado, Margaret E. Long, L. Glismann, D. J. Marshall, C. Velican, Gy. Rappay, Falls B. Hershey, M. Bergeron, A. S. Petrova, Ian T. Young, V. N. Reshetnikov, M. van der Ploeg, I. Diculescu, M. G. Manfredi Romanini, Godfrey C. Hoskins, Henri G. Vetter, Maurice Sandler, Takayuki Harada, E. Bacsy, Robert C. Allen, A. J. Hale, O. I. Epifanova, Geoffrey H. Bourne, Hisao Yamaguchi, Antti Penttilä, P. van Duijn, K. D. Barron, Michio Yamamoto, Georg W. Kreutzberg, D. S. Van Fleet, Akira Mizutani, William H. Fishman, Irmin Sternlieb, Thomas H. Roderick, M. R. Murray, G. Johannes, Theodore A. Wilcox, L. Silverman, J. W. Fischbein, A. H. Koeppen, N. O. Jacobsen, B. M. Pollock, E. S. Ruchadse, W. B. Quay, Victor Dubowitz, Janusz Komender, S. I. Zacks, Paul J. Anderson, Annette Herscovics, H. B. Tewari, J. Filkuka, O. K. Langley, W. H. McShan, E. Birch, Philip Pizzolato, Francesco Della Corte, U. A. Gabunia, Eric Holtzman, Yoshihisa Morizono, Nobuo Ihara, L. Vollrath, L. Guerra, Ezio Giacobini, Jose J. Bubis, S. Curri, M. Borgers, C. Vendrely, A. Lageron, A. Weinstock, Morris J. Karnovsky, Arnold Vogt, V. Dabkevcius, P. N. Dean, B. B. Fuchs, McCormick Templeton, M. A. Presnov, E. Thomas, L. P. Lipchina, D. C. Livingston, D. Killander, Maffo Vialli, Doina Velican, M. Guigon, Dante Marques, Paul L. Wolf, L. C. Junqueira, Bette Seamond, Frederick H. Kasten, J. Srajer, Günter Steinbach, H. H. Benitez, J. F. Lhotka, J. Merzel, Arnold M. Seligman, M. P. Viola-Magni, C. L. Rutherford, E. Szabo, R. D. Lillie, N. J. Nadler, Walter Chavin, Masao Yamamura, A. Lauria, Regina O’Brien, F. L. Leites, N. Marcus, Janice Vazquez, Gabriel C. Godman, C. Poort, R. Barer, Friedrich A. O. Eckner, Daniel Roth, Ludwig Sternberger, Ikuo Suesada, and O. N. Berezina

Subjects
0303 health sciences, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, biology, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Acridine orange, Acid phosphatase, Chronic gastritis, Intestinal metaplasia, medicine.disease, Small intestine, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, International congress, medicine, Cytochemistry, biology.protein, Immunohistochemistry, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

The tissue distribution of enzymatic activities in intestinal metaplasia stomachs exhibiting chronic gastritis was compared histochemically with that of the small intestine in man.

Published
1968
Full Text
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207. Third International Congress of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry

Author

P. Tournier, Bo Thorell, F. Cisotti, Nicolas Zenker, M. P. Ehrlich, K. Holubar, Jose J. Bubis, J. Fischbein, Shinichi Imura, S. Curri, Susan P. Gaffney, Ellen M. Rasch, Totada R. Shantha, Lawrence E. Scheving, Hirose Shunta, G. Freytag, U. M. Gross, M. Borgers, G. Fabris, D. A. Sakharov, G. C. Budd, M. F. Kramer, C. Vendrely, A. Lageron, V. K. Hopsu-Havu, A. Weinstock, D. F. Swaab, Arnold Vogt, J. A. F. Silva, J. F. Jongkind, Murray B. Bornstein, B. Lederer, Zay B. Curtis, B. Sporrong, S. O. Enenko, Kazuko Uchida, P. N. Dean, F. W. D. Rost, B. B. Fuchs, M. Kage, M. B. Kalamkarova, Erna Avrin, William Bennett, M. J. Hardonk, K. H. Jaeger, McCormick Templeton, Z. Lojda, M. Chyle, C. A. Squier, M. T. Tchaika, Paul K. Nakane, Firoze B. Jungalwala, O. N. Berezina, Italo Nenci, E. O. Riecken, J. E. Kephart, Zenon Steplewski, Halina Slerakowska, M. M. Coombs, Joandrea-Casian Claudia, L. L. Fadeeva, J. De Groote, Sergei P. Sorokin, M. A. Presnov, Fritz Ruch, Milan R. Henzl, Ellis Stanley, Lloyd J. Roth, Masasuke Akamatsu, Eleanor Rita Lappano-Colletta, J. P. Fouquet, N. I. Tsirelnikov, K. I. Predkel, Dwo Lynm, L. Konopska, R. Rigler, A. Tixier-Vidal, U. Filotto, Paul F. Doolin, G. Gahrton, Junichi Totsu, M. Wolman, L. V. Danilova, Vincent Spitaleri, Takuma Saito, T. Adesanya Ige Grillo, W. Gössner, Katsumi Wakabayashi, J. J. Bubis, E. Thomas, W. Straus, J. Martinez De Morentin, Shinsuke Kanamura, Harold Koenig, P. X. Callahan, A. S. Vecher, Tinrat Stitnimankarn, Eugene H. Blackstone, E. N. Sarch, Dean E. Abrahamson, Thomas B. Shows, J. P. Mitchell, Droz Bernard, Takanori Amakawa, F. Hernández, Frank H. Moyer, Hazel Cheng, R. Daoust, Forni Alessandra, Josef Vittek, F. L. Schuster, Paul L. Wolf, L. C. Junqueira, Bette Seamond, Alex B. Novikoff, Tadao Takeuchi, J. Tappeiner, Abe Muneaki, E. Pascoe, A. M. Rutenburg, Harold J. Sobel, Jean R. Adams, P. Grigoriadis, Patricia D. Wilson, A. G. E. Pearse, A. Pope, Hideo Shindo, Frederick H. Kasten, Heinz Von Mayersbach, Gordon L. Rosene, L. D. Lukyanova, G. G. Glenner, N. H. Bass, K. Nakashio, Gianfranco Ballare, R. Thalmann, George B. Koelle, Jeffre Y. P. Chang, Frank H. Ruddle, John Pryse-Davis, Jerome P. Miksche, R. S. Santti, M. Ya. Subbotin, J. Srajer, Günter Steinbach, Chandicharan Deb, Tomichi Masuya, R. G. J. Willighagen, L. Bolund, H. G. Godlewski, Gerzeli Giuseppe, A. Gropp, Sin Hang Lee, Seth W. Gilkerson, M. A. Van Dilla, C. Burdick, J. D. Vigario, Hilde E. Hirsch, Stanley Ellis, Carlo Alberto Beltrami, Philip Ohringer, Erik Zeuthen, G. Szegly, M. Kazama, Helen P. Sorokin, J. W. Anderson, R. Håkanson, Merton Sandler, O. S. Frankfurt, H. H. Benitez, C. Pilgrim, J. Lindner, Väinö K. Hopsu-Havu, Peter H. Bartels, J. P. Waterhouse, Bernard Droz, Floyd E. Bloom, Masa-Oki Yamada, B. Perry, Paul J. McMillan, Allen Costoff, A. A. Masko, Takaharu Matsumoto, H. Benoit, G. M. Mariuzzi, F. Patocka, Joh. Koudstaal, McDonald J. Ken, J. Ken McDonald, J. M. S. Prewitt, H. R. Tyagi, Hélio B. Coutinho, Rachele Alberti, M. Stroun, E. B. Masurovsky, Jacques Lipetz, V. D. Novikov, G. Gries, Wiecher H. Van Houten, Balogh Kåroly, Patricia L. Haley, O. Macovschi, S-U. Kim, C. Vladescu, I. Törö, V. E. Shungskaya, Wesley J. Birge, Ines Mandl, C. P. Leblond, Wald Niel, Shigeru Morikawa, Dariush H. Fahimi, Anne B. Johnson, J. E. Jirasek, T. H. Schiebler, H. Kobayashi, C. L. Rosales, A. Jarrett, K. Wolff, Nina D. Gracheva, Gösta Jonsson, Hans-Georg Schiemer, Torbjörn Caspersson, K. P. M. Heirwegh, D. Zaccheo, M. M. Salpeter, L. Monus, E. T. Angelakos, Marilyn G. Farquhar, Gy. Vadasz, Franca Porcelli, K. Yokoyama, M. J. Olszewska, H. Koenig, A. L. Shnaper, A. M. Terrinha, L. P. Lipchina, Ryuei Maeda, Ulrich Welsch, Peter J. Stoward, David S. Alkek, Kalevi L. Korhonen, Jan Wieckowski, Mitsuo Sasaki, M. L. Mendelsohn, Maggi Viviane, L. Luksys, Satimaru Seno, A. M. Souza Toledo, Herbert A. Lubs, Josef V. Freisler, Sophia Kakari, C. Mittermayer, N. A. Probatova, Elisabeth Von der Muehll, David M. Maeir, Jan L. E. Ericsson, Karel Philippens, D. C. Livingston, M. Kalina, J. Drukker, L. Ya. Lomakina, Alvin M. Burt, Z. Lodin, J. C. Liu, G. Kiefer, H. G. Goslar, V. Áubrechtova, Patricia A. Kinnison, A. Heller, E. Brodie, Eli Robins, K. C. Tsou, Z. A. Cohn, Stanley Scher, E. Bajusz, Attila Tanyolac, Theodore Peters, Cornell Richard, D. Killander, John E. Pauly, Vernon J. Perez, Maffo Vialli, J. Hartman, K. D. Rokhlenko, H. Ooms, M. Serban, Voldemar Vilter, Margaret C. Boadle, Jean McLean, M. M. Ogieveckaja, C. W. Goodwin, W. Sandritter, M. H. Himes, William D. Selles, A. V. Sakharova, A. Ingrami, A.-M. Bullens, Roy O. Weller, B. Hershenov, Lenore Wagner, Doina Velican, P. B. Gahan, Brian H. Mayall, G. A. Jurzina, Blake W. Moore, P. E. Norgren, Hildegard E. Enesco, Ju. J. Tendetnik, S. Virág, Norman G. Anderson, Carlton E. Blackwood, Annunzia Fraschini, Boris Gueft, A. Goldstone, Mildred Y. Chang, Nobutaka Itoh, Ch. Owman, Della Corte Francesco, Sally B. Fand, M. Guigon, Daniel S. Friend, Howard I. Siegel, T. Gilbert Scott, B. Ehinger, Donald B. Fisher, K. Felgenhauer, J. S. Hugon, Mortimer L. Mendelsohn, Benito Monis, C. Bode, Richard M. Torack, A. Riva, Elliott F. Osserman, A. A. Castellani, A. Simard, Donald R. Hodges, Dante Marques, Leonard F. Bélanger, A. Urano, B. Thorell, Giacobini Ezio, S. A. Burnasheva, A. Schauer, B. Korych, V. V. Terskikh, Klaus Wächtler, S. Guha, M. I. Parfanovich, D. Bootsma, H. Kim, Richard L. Tyndall, N. G. Stepanova, N. N. Shiukashvili, M. Rizzotti, X. Yataganas, J. M. Nunes, M. F. Sheff, Waine C. Johnson, J. E. Scott, Sun K. Song, O‘brien Regina, G. E. Mazza, J. M. Hewitt, Robert M. Rosenbaum, Andre Gerard, Robert S. Ledley, Ferdinando Rossi, Frank S. LaBella, Christopher ’Seinde Adeoye, B. Sylvén, V. D. Arutyunov, Moshe Kalina, Sheldon C. Sommers, P. Sadauskas, Kishino Yasuo, M. Dauwalder, Alfredo Mariano Garcia, H. H. Hess, V. J. Desmet, H. Galjaard, O. E. Rjadneva, Benjamin F. Jales, Ei-ichi Yokomura, L. Roizin, Erich Künzel, J. Thomas Danzi, Peter V. Moulder, Konrad Akert, Moshe Wolman, M. Zamfirescu-Gheorghiu, J. Bolubasz, J. C. Beck, Amour F. Liber, B. Daneholt, Donald W. Misch, Peter W. Neurath, Masanori Takeda, Arline D. Deitch, C. Bona, Alberto Candiotti, Yvonne Hosannah, Sunao Iwata, Giovanni Lanza, Winifred W. Doane, K. D. Eristawi, Giovanni Prenna, P. F. Mullaney, Vinci Mizuhira, Sohan L. Manocha, John R. Esterly, L. Matturri, J. R. Garrett, Sidney Goldfischer, A. Stammler, Antti U. Arstila, George B. Jerzy Glass, A. W. Carbonell, Stefan Hovmark, F. M. Matschinsky, Hans E. Kaiser, K. P. Ganina, L. K. Sharashidze, Judith M. S. Prewitt, Barbara Penar, Edgar E. Smith, A. L. Bastos, Dorothy J. Moore, Gerhard Müller, A. Björklund, E. A. Kirianova, Jürgen Schlüns, Eric A. Barnard, N. S. Sturua, Maria Popescu, Bjarne Pearson, Kokichi Kanazawa, N. N. Sokolov, V. Parvis Preto, G. Mori, Regina Leske, Glick David, V. I. Malyuk, R. J. Barrnett, M. Bradshaw, W. Gepts, Lois W. Tice, N. T. Raikhlin, L. M. Franks, P. Anker, Gerard M. Lehrer, Barry W. Wilson, H. Goebell, Hideo Takamatsu, Jacques de Graef, Frederick T. Zugibe, C. E. Grossi, J. Jos, S. R. Pelc, Z. Chirulescu, E. E. McGarry, George L. Wied, A. I. Bukhonova, Walter C. Schneider, Margaret S. Misch, Lawrence S. Hurwitz, M. Z. M. Ibrahim, Doina Onicescu, N. V. Samosudova, Penttilä Antti, Shuter Eli, Premysl Fric, Sten W. Jakobsson, Frank Wohlrab, M. Matsuda, L. Ya. Yablonovskaya, T. Abe, C. Balduini, R. Nayak, S. Stroman, Masando Hayashi, Tibor Barka, A. Huszczuk, C. W. M. Adams, Margaret E. Long, L. Glismann, K. A. Gornak, Jácia T. Rocha, D. J. Marshall, Nobuo Ohuchi, A. S. Petrova, Yoshihiro Hamashima, Henri G. Vetter, J.-E. Edström, Peter F. Schatzki, E. Bacsy, D. S. Van Fleet, William H. Fishman, J. D. Elema, Annette Herscovics, J. Bernsohn, Williams Vick, L. A. Kamentsky, H. B. Tewari, Walter E. Stumpf, Kei-Ichi Hirai, R. E. Smith, Timothy C. Appleton, Benjamin F. Trump, P. Satir, Nencioni T, B. Falck, Fran Morriss, K. Grasedyck, J. Svejda, Alfred C. Standen, W. G. Whaley, A. V. Zelenin, N. R. Ringertz, Hisao Yamaguchi, Jacob S. Hanker, Cornelia Prundeanu, K. D. Barron, B. Gabara, R. S. Morgan, Michio Yamamoto, G. Aureli, E. J. Dupraw, F. Gregoire, J. R. Coulter, V. N. Reshetnikov, M. van der Ploeg, Irmin Sternlieb, Robert C. Allen, A. J. Hale, O. I. Epifanova, P. van Duijn, Thomas H. Roderick, Georg W. Kreutzberg, Robert Katzman, David Glick, Horst Zimmermann, Tamaoki Bun-Ichis, A. H. Koeppen, Herrmann Hans-Jürgen, M. Bergeron, Joseph Rigatuso, Gottfried Werner, Kendall Preston, Richard Heitsch, T. J. Conway, Ovidio Duarte-Escalante, N. V. Donskikh, Ph. J. Hoedemaeker, N. O. Jacobsen, B. M. Pollock, E. S. Ruchadse, P. Leth Jørgensen, Lew Cunningham, D. M. Conning, Theodore A. Wilcox, L. Silverman, G. F. Bahr, J. W. Fischbein, Ian T. Young, Vorbrodt Andrzej, Geoffrey H. Bourne, W. B. Quay, Victor Dubowitz, Janusz Komender, S. I. Zacks, Akira Mizutani, J. Filkuka, O. K. Langley, W. H. McShan, E. Birch, M. R. Murray, Paul J. Anderson, Philip Pizzolato, Yoshihisa Morizono, U. A. Gabunia, Eric Holtzman, Nobuo Ihara, L. Vollrath, S. Matsukawa, Otfried Müller, A. M. Baptista, V. Genta, L. Guerra, Maria Gabriella, Stanley G. Sawicki, Russell Ranshaw, Robert Lev, T. John Leppi, P. J. Melnick, Morris J. Karnovsky, Charles A. Ashley, Fotin Ludmila, V. Dabkevcius, Teresa I. Mercado, C. Velican, Gy. Rappay, Falls B. Hershey, I. Diculescu, M. G. Manfredi Romanini, Godfrey C. Hoskins, Maurice Sandler, Takayuki Harada, G. Johannes, J. F. Lhotka, J. Merzel, Arnold M. Seligman, M. P. Viola-Magni, C. L. Rutherford, E. Szabo, R. D. Lillie, N. J. Nadler, Walter Chavin, Masao Yamamura, A. Lauria, F. L. Leites, N. Marcus, Janice Vazquez, Gabriel C. Godman, C. Poort, R. Barer, Friedrich A. O. Eckner, Daniel Roth, Ludwig Sternberger, Ikuo Suesada, C. C. Orton, M. P. King, Charles E. Hughes, Jerome P. Horwitz, Ritter Carl, M. S. Aksyutina, Lucien J. Rubinstein, William J. Dougherty, and V. R. Switsur

Subjects
0303 health sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Chemistry, International congress, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Cytochemistry, Anatomy, 030304 developmental biology
Published
1968
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214. Axo-somatic synapses in procerebrum of gastropoda

Author

D. A. Sakharov and Nagy I

Subjects
Pharmacology, Somatic cell, Snails, Brain, Cell Biology, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Cell biology, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Microscopy, Electron, Gastropoda, Synapses, Molecular Medicine, Animals, Molecular Biology
Abstract

Es wurde gezeigt, dass im Procerebrum der Gastropoden axosomatische Synapsen von 2 Typen vorkommen. Diese Befunde sind ungewohnlich, da axosomatische Synapsen in anderen Teilen des Zentralnervensystems nicht existieren.

Published
1969

215. Cholinesterase of squid optical ganglia

Author

I. L. Brick, D. L. Pevzner, T. M. Turpaev, L. I. Abashkina, G. M. Grigorjeva, E. V. Rozengart, V. J. Rozengart, A. P. Brestkin, and D. A. Sakharov

Subjects
animal structures, Preservation, Biological, Stellate Ganglion, Organophosphonates, Biochemistry, Benzoates, Choline, Photometry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Benzoylcholine, Drug Stability, Thalamus, medicine, Organometallic Compounds, Animals, Cholinesterases, Butyrylcholine, Mollusca, Cholinesterase, Tectum Mesencephali, Binding Sites, Serum cholinesterase, biology, Chemistry, Histocytochemistry, Tissue Extracts, musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology, Optic Lobe, Nonmammalian, Optic Nerve, biology.organism_classification, Acetylcholinesterase, Acetylcholine, Butyrates, Kinetics, Freeze Drying, nervous system, biology.protein, Potentiometry, Ganglia, Cholinesterase Inhibitors, medicine.drug
Abstract

1Optical ganglia of squid (Ommatostrephes sloanei-pacificus) possess very high cholinesterase activity. 2Squid cholinesterase is located on the level of layers r2–r3 of plexiform zone in ganglion cortex. 3The activity of catalytic site of squid cholinesterase was equal to 1.2 × 105 min−1. 4The hydrolysis rates of acetylcholine, butyrylcholine and acetyl-β-methylcholine in the presence of squid cholinestarse were the same (in optimal substrate concentrations). But their Km values were different (the lowest ones for acetylcholine); squid cholinesterase did not hydrolyze benzoylcholine. 5All organophosphorus inhibitors studied possessed a high activity with regard to squid cholinesterase. It was shown that O-ethyl-S(3,3-dimethyl-butyl)-methyl-thiophosphonate (LG-56) is a selective inhibitor of squid cholinesterase. 6Substrate and inhibitor specificity and catalytic activity of squid cholinesterase differed essentially from those of acetylcholinesterase and serum cholinesterase.

Published
1968

218. Effects of naloxone on c-jun/AP-1 in MET-enkephalin- and FMRFamide-immunoreactive neurons of a gastropod snail

Author

D. A. Sakharov, Mats Carlberg, Varya Dyakonova, and Rolf Elofsson

Subjects
Met-enkephalin, medicine.medical_specialty, Enkephalin, Enkephalin, Methionine, Snails, Neuropeptide, (+)-Naloxone, Snail, Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Internal medicine, biology.animal, medicine, Animals, FMRFamide, General Environmental Science, Neurons, Naloxone, Immunohistochemistry, Endocrinology, Neurology, chemistry, Opioid, Opiate, medicine.drug
Abstract

1. Opioid- and FMRFamide (FMRFa)-ergic systems are believed to play antagonistic behavioral roles in both higher and lower animals. In our previous experiments on a snail, behavioral choice has been demonstrated to be dependent on a balance between FMRFa and enkephalins [7]. Here, we examined if the disturbance of the balance causes changes in the activity of both systems. Opiate receptor blocker naloxone was applied and its effect on c-jun expression of met-enkephalin (MEnk)- and FMRFa-ergic neurons was examined immunocytochemically in terrestrial gastropod snail Cepaea nemoralis. 2. In control, untreated snails, central neurons with c-jun/AP-1-like-immunoreactivity were found to occur. These included MEnk-, FMRFa- and 5HT-immunoreactive (-ir) neurons, as was revealed by double-labelling. 3. After treatment with naloxone for 4 h, the following changes were observed: (i) increase in the number of MEnk-ir neurons; increase in the number of neurons showing c-jun/AP-1 and MEnk double-labeling; (ii) disappearance of c-jun/AP-1-immunoreactivity from some FMRFa-ir neurons. 4. It is suggested that immediate early genes are involved in the mechanisms responsible for the reciprocal regulation of the opioid and antiopioid neuropeptide systems.

219. Serotonin-containing cells in the ascidian endostyle

Author

N.B. Salimova and D. A. Sakharov

Subjects
Pharmacology, medicine.medical_specialty, Thyroid, Vertebrate, Cell Biology, Biology, Epithelium, Cell biology, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, biology.animal, medicine, Homologous chromosome, Molecular Medicine, Serotonin, Molecular Biology, Endostyle
Abstract

In the ascidian endostyle, all fluorescence due to serotonin is localized in the peripheral, iodine-binding area of the endostylar epithelium, which is homologous to the vertebrate thyroid. The amine appears to be stored in granule-containing cells which may correspond to the vertebrate calcitocytes.

Published
1982
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220. Neural serotonin receptors in active and hibernating helicid snails (Helix lucorum)

Author

D. A. Sakharov and G N Korobtsov

Subjects
Serotonin, medicine.medical_specialty, Snails, Neural Conduction, Membrane Potentials, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Hibernation, Internal medicine, Helix (Snails), parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Membrane conductance, Molecular Biology, 5-HT receptor, Neurons, Pharmacology, Membrane potential, biology, Helix, Snails, fungi, Conductance, Cell Biology, Hyperpolarization (biology), Helix lucorum, biology.organism_classification, Endocrinology, Biophysics, Molecular Medicine
Abstract

In hibernating snails Helix lucorum, the effect of 5-HT on neurons of an identified group is mainly hyperpolarization associated with a conzation conductance increase, while, inactive snails, the effect is de polarization decrease of the membrane conductance.

Published
1976
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221. Effects of dopamine antagonists on snail locomotion

Author

J. Salánki and D. A. Sakharov

Subjects
Pharmacology, Motor disorder, biology, Land snail, Cell Biology, Helix pomatia, Anatomy, Snail, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Cell biology, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Dopamine receptor, Dopamine, biology.animal, parasitic diseases, medicine, Molecular Medicine, Molecular Biology, Endogenous agonist, medicine.drug
Abstract

Dopamine antagonists which affect the ergometrine-sensitive type of dopamine receptors produce characteristic motor disorders in a land snail,Helix pomatia L.

Published
1982
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223. Study of neurosecretory cells ofHelix pomatia by intracellular dye injection

Author

D. A. Sakharov and J. Salánki

Subjects
Pharmacology, Staining and Labeling, biology, Chemistry, Dye injection, Snails, Cell Biology, Helix pomatia, Methyl benzoate, biology.organism_classification, Neurosecretory Systems, Fluorescence, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Mollusca, Biophysics, Animals, Molecular Medicine, Ganglia, Molecular Biology, Intracellular
Abstract

Каждая клетка исследованной группы #x043E;тсылает по аксонной ветви к периферическому депо и в синаптический нейропиль, а таюке имеет множество соматических отростков. Клетки получают богатый синаптический приток, тормозятся ацетилхолином и дофамином и стимулируются серотонином.

Published
1971
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225. Dynamically regulated miRNA-mRNA networks revealed by exercise

Author

Anatoly I. Grigoriev, Timur R. Samatov, Asghar Abbasi, Alexey E Lebedev, Maxim Shkurnikov, D. A. Sakharov, Hinnak Northoff, Alexander G. Tonevitsky, Vladimir V. Galatenko, and D. V. Maltseva

Subjects
Adult, Male, Messenger RNA, Microarray analysis techniques, Physiology, General Medicine, miRNA-mRNA networks, Biology, Bioinformatics, Cell biology, Transcriptome, Gene expression profiling, MicroRNAs, Young Adult, Metabolic pathway, Physiology (medical), microRNA, Transcriptional regulation, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Exercise, Gene, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Research Article, Regulation
Abstract

Background MiRNAs are essential mediators of many biological processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks during exercise and the subsequent recovery period. Results Here we monitored the transcriptome changes using microarray analysis of the whole blood of eight highly trained athletes before and after 30 min of moderate exercise followed by 30 min and 60 min of recovery period. We combined expression profiling and bioinformatics and analysed metabolic pathways enriched with differentially expressed mRNAs and mRNAs which are known to be validated targets of differentially expressed miRNAs. Finally we revealed four dynamically regulated networks comprising differentially expressed miRNAs and their known target mRNAs with anti-correlated expression profiles over time. The data suggest that hsa-miR-21-5p regulated TGFBR3, PDGFD and PPM1L mRNAs. Hsa-miR-24-2-5p was likely to be responsible for MYC and KCNJ2 genes and hsa-miR-27a-5p for ST3GAL6. The targets of hsa-miR-181a-5p included ROPN1L and SLC37A3. All these mRNAs are involved in processes highly relevant to exercise response, including immune function, apoptosis, membrane traffic of proteins and transcription regulation. Conclusions We have identified metabolic pathways involved in response to exercise and revealed four miRNA-mRNA networks dynamically regulated following exercise. This work is the first study to monitor miRNAs and mRNAs in parallel into the recovery period. The results provide a novel insight into the regulatory role of miRNAs in stress adaptation.

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