521 results on '"Chin A Yi"'
Search Results
202. Using Augmented Reality Technology for the Development of Historic Building Teaching Application: A Mackay Culture Course
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Chin, Kai-Yi, primary, Hou, Chun-Xin, additional, Wang, Ching-Sheng, additional, and Lee, Ko-Fong, additional
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- 2017
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203. Using an interactive ubiquitous learning system to enhance authentic learning experiences in a cultural heritage course
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Chin, Kai-Yi, primary, Lee, Ko-Fong, additional, and Chen, Yen-Lin, additional
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- 2017
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204. Application of intuitive mixed reality interactive system to museum guide activity
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Lee, Ko-Fong, primary, Chen, Yen-Lin, additional, Hsieh, Hsiang-Chin, additional, and Chin, Kai-Yi, additional
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- 2017
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205. Persistent Pulmonary Nodular Ground-Glass Opacity at Thin-Section CT: Histopathologic Comparisons
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Kyungsoo Lee, Young Mog Shim, Joung-Ho Han, Yoon Kyung Kim, Ha-Young Kim, and Chin A Yi
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,Pulmonary Fibrosis ,Adenocarcinoma ,Ground-glass opacity ,symbols.namesake ,medicine ,Carcinoma ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia ,Lung ,Fisher's exact test ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Hyperplasia ,business.industry ,Respiratory disease ,Nodule (medicine) ,Pneumonia ,Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,symbols ,Female ,Radiology ,medicine.symptom ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,business - Abstract
To retrospectively compare pure pulmonary ground-glass opacity (GGO) nodules observed on thin-section computed tomography (CT) images with histopathologic findings.The institutional review board approved this study and waived informed consent. Histopathologic specimens were obtained from 53 GGO nodules in 49 patients. CT scans were assessed in terms of nodule size, shape, contour, internal characteristics, and the presence of a pleural tag. The findings obtained were compared with histopathologic results. Differences in thin-section CT findings according to histopathologic diagnoses were analyzed by using the Kruskal-Wallis test or Fisher exact test.Of 53 nodules in 49 patients (20 men, 29 women; mean age, 54 years; range, 29-78 years), 40 (75%) proved to be broncholoalveolar cell carcinoma (BAC) (n=36) or adenocarcinoma with predominant BAC component (n=4), three (6%) atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, and 10 (19%) nonspecific fibrosis or organizing pneumonia. No significant differences in morphologic findings on thin-section CT scans were found among the three diseases (all P0.05). A polygonal shape (25%, 10 of 40 nodules) and a lobulated or spiculated margin (45%, 18 of 40) in BAC or adenocarcinoma with predominant BAC component were caused by interstitial fibrosis or infiltrative tumor growth. A polygonal shape and a lobulated or spiculated margin were observed in two (20%) and three (30%) of 10 nodules, respectively, in organizing pneumonia/fibrosis were caused by granulation tissue aligned in a linear manner in perilobular regions with or without interlobular septal thickening.About 75% of persistent pulmonary GGO nodules are attributed to BAC or adenocarcinoma with predominant BAC component, and at thin-section CT, these nodules do not manifest morphologic features that distinguish them from other GGO nodules with different histopathologic diagnoses.
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- 2007
206. 3-T MRI: Usefulness for Evaluating Primary Lung Cancer and Small Nodules in Lobes Not Containing Primary Tumors
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Chin A Yi, Kyungsoo Lee, Myung Jin Chung, Tae Yeon Jeon, Joon Beom Seo, Jung Hee Lee, and Yoon Kyung Kim
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,Contrast Media ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Biopsy ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,medicine ,Carcinoma ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Lung cancer ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Lung ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Biopsy, Needle ,Respiratory disease ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Primary cancer ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Iopamidol ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Female ,Radiology ,Tomography ,Non small cell ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Nuclear medicine ,business - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 3-T MRI in the detection and characterization of primary non-small cell lung cancer and of small nodules in lobes not containing primary tumors.From July 2005 to May 2006, 127 patients (99 men, 28 women; mean age, 63 years) with histopathologically proven non-small cell lung cancer underwent both CT and MRI of the chest. Transverse MR images were obtained with T1-weighted 3D turbo field-echo and T2-weighted triple inversion black blood turbo spin-echo sequences on a 3-T MRI system. Two chest radiologists assessed CT images and then MR images. The morphologic features of lung cancer and the detectability of small nodules in lobes not containing primary tumors on MR images were compared with the findings on CT images, which were the reference standard.The morphologic characteristics of primary cancer found on both T1- and T2-weighted images corresponded to those on CT images. The overall rates of detection of nodules in lobes not containing primary tumors were 57% (184 of 323 nodules) and 56% (180 of 323 nodules) on T1- and T2-weighted images, respectively (p = 0.64). In terms of detection of non-calcified nodules 5-10 mm in diameter, both T1- and T2-weighted images had a detection rate of 92% (48 of 52 nodules) (p = 1.00).Both T1-weighted 3D turbo field-echo and T2-weighted triple inversion black blood turbo spin-echo 3-T MR images depict clinically significant small (5-10 mm in diameter) noncalcified pulmonary nodules nearly as well as do CT scans.
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- 2007
207. Intergenerational Relationships in Cross-Cultural Perspective: Fertility, Interaction and Support
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Bernhard Nauck and Chin-Chun Yi
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education.field_of_study ,Economic growth ,Middle East ,Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,Demographic transition ,Developing country ,Fertility ,Cultural diversity ,Cross-cultural ,Sociology ,China ,education ,media_common - Abstract
This monograph issue comprises eight articles discussing various aspects of intergenerational relationships in Asian European and American societies. The articles are organized along the developmental tasks of intergenerational relationships down through the family life cycle starting with their creation (fertility) exploring various aspects of intergenerational interaction and ending with support for family members in later life stages. All the articles are based on empirical data most are of large sample sizes or demographic register data and quantitative methods have been employed to analyse intergenerational relationships from various perspectives. Geographically this issue comprises studies from countries as culturally diverse as Japan and Taiwan from the Far East Indonesia from Southeast Asia Palestine and Turkey from the Near East Germany from Central Europe and Mexico from Central America together with data on the value of children to parents in South Korea the Peoples Republic of China India South Africa Ghana Israel and the Czech Republic. (excerpt)
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- 2007
208. Solid or Partly Solid Solitary Pulmonary Nodules
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Chin A Yi, Myung Jin Chung, Yoon Kyung Kim, Seonwoo Kim, Sun Young Jeong, Kwang Hwi Lee, Yeon Joo Jeong, Ha-Young Kim, and Kyung Soo Lee
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Solitary pulmonary nodule ,business.industry ,Washout ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Helical ct ,Spiral computed tomography ,Radiation exposure ,Hounsfield scale ,Medicine ,Tomography ,Dynamic ct ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Nuclear medicine - Abstract
Background Solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) evaluation based on analyses of combined wash-in (WI) and washout (WO) values obtained by helical dynamic CT (HDCT) scanning is useful for malignant SPN characterization, because this method has higher specificity and accuracy than that based on analyses of WI values only. However, increased specificity results in reduced sensitivity and the missing of malignant SPNs. Thus, the purpose of this study was to seek the most effective method for SPN characterization during HDCT scanning. Methods After obtaining unenhanced CT scans, dynamic CT scanning was performed using a helical technique (images were obtained at 30, 60, 90, and 120 s, and at 5 and 15 min after the initiation of IV contrast administration) in 486 patients with a solid or partly solid SPN. Diagnostic efficacies were compared for three approaches involving considerations of WI values (in Housfield units [HU]) only, both WI and WO HU values, and WI HU values and morphologic characteristics. Results Considering WI values only (≥ 25 HU), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for malignancy were 98% (233 of 237 nodules), 46% (114 of 249 nodules), and 71% (347 of 486 nodules), respectively. Using both a WI value of ≥ 25 HU and a WO value of 5 to 36 HU, the corresponding values were 89% (212 of 237 nodules), 79% (197 of 249 nodules), and 84% (409 of 486 nodules), respectively; for a WI value of ≥ 25 HU and a malignant morphology, the corresponding values were 92% (219 of 237 nodules), 79% (197 of 249 nodules), and 86% (416 of 486 nodules), respectively (these values were significantly different between the WI-only group and the other two groups; p=0.001). Conclusions The efficacy of SPN evaluation based on analyses of WI values plus morphologic features during HDCT scanning appears to be equivalent to that based on analyses of WI plus WO values, thus obviating the need for WO scans, which saves time and reduces radiation exposure of the patient.
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- 2007
209. Integrated PET/CT of Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors: Diagnostic and Prognostic Implications
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Chin A Yi, Joon Young Choi, Kyungsoo Lee, Ji Young Lee, Myung Jin Chung, Byung-Tae Kim, Semin Chong, and Dae-Kun Oh
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,Carcinoid tumors ,Standardized uptake value ,Neuroendocrine tumors ,Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging ,Retrospective Studies ,PET-CT ,Lung ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Respiratory disease ,Mediastinum ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Neuroendocrine Tumors ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Positron emission tomography ,Positron-Emission Tomography ,Female ,Radiology ,Radiopharmaceuticals ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,business ,Nuclear medicine - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe retrospectively integrated PET/CT findings on pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors and to correlate the findings with prognosis.Between May 2003 and February 2005, 37 consecutively enrolled patients (33 men and four women; mean age, 60 years) with histopathologically proven pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT after enhanced standalone CT. CT was used to analyze the morphologic features of the tumors and PET to measure maximum standardized uptake value (SUV). Maximum SUVs of carcinoid tumors, large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNECs), and small-cell lung carcinomas (SCLCs) were compared, and maximum SUV and tumor stage and prognosis were correlated.Four (two typical and two atypical) of the seven carcinoid tumors had no FDG uptake or less than mediastinal uptake. The maximum SUVs of primary tumors, in increasing order, were significantly different for carcinoids (mean, 4.0; median, 3.4), LCNECs (mean, 12.0; median, 10.7), and SCLCs (mean, 11.6; median, 11.7) (p = 0.006, Kruskal-Wallis test). There was no significant correlation between maximum SUV of the primary tumor and the tumor stages of carcinoids, LCNECs, or SCLCs (p = 0.08, Jonckheere-Terpstra test; p = 0.768, Mann-Whitney test). Results of receiver operating characteristics analysis showed a maximum SUV greater than 13.7 suggested a poor survival period in cases of LCNEC and SCLC.The maximum SUVs of neuroendocrine tumors are significantly different for carcinoid tumors, LCNECs, and SCLCs, and a high maximum SUV suggests short survival of patients with LCNEC or SCLC.
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- 2007
210. Efficacy of Helical Dynamic CT Versus Integrated PET/CT for Detection of Mediastinal Nodal Metastasis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
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Sung Shine Shim, Yon Mi Sung, Sun Young Jeong, Byung Tae Kim, Kyung Soo Lee, Myung Jin Chung, and Chin A Yi
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,Standardized uptake value ,Malignancy ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Metastasis ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Stage (cooking) ,Lung cancer ,Aged ,PET-CT ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Mediastinum ,Reproducibility of Results ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Image Enhancement ,medicine.disease ,Systems Integration ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Positron emission tomography ,Lymphatic Metastasis ,Positron-Emission Tomography ,Subtraction Technique ,Female ,Lymph Nodes ,Radiology ,Nuclear medicine ,business ,Tomography, Spiral Computed - Abstract
The purpose of our study was to compare the diagnostic efficacies of helical dynamic CT and integrated PET/CT for the prediction of mediastinal nodal metastasis in stage T1 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).One hundred forty-three patients with stage T1 NSCLC underwent both helical dynamic CT and integrated PET/CT followed by surgical nodal staging. In helical dynamic CT, patients were regarded to have stage N2 disease when a nodule showed a peak enhancementor = 110 H or a net enhancementor = 60 H. In integrated PET/CT, nodes were regarded as positive for malignancy when they showedor = 3.5 in maximum standardized uptake value with a discrete margin and more 18F-FDG uptake than mediastinal structures. Sensitivities, specificities, and accuracies for mediastinal nodal metastasis detection were compared for helical dynamic CT and integrated PET/CT using the McNemar test.Of the 143 patients, 34 (24%) had positive mediastinal nodes. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for mediastinal nodal metastasis prediction on helical dynamic CT were 65% (22 of 34 patients), 89% (97 of 109), and 83% (119 of 143), respectively, whereas those on integrated PET/CT were 56% (19 of 34), 100% (109 of 109), and 90% (128 of 143). The p values were 0.664,0.001, and 0.015.In stage T1 NSCLC, contrast-enhanced helical dynamic CT better predicts, but not significantly so, mediastinal nodal metastasis than PET/CT, whereas PET/CT shows perfect specificity and higher accuracy than helical dynamic CT.
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- 2007
211. Solitary Pulmonary Nodules: Detection, Characterization, and Guidance for Further Diagnostic Workup and Treatment
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Chin A Yi, Yeong Joo Jeong, and Kyung Soo Lee
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Adult ,Diagnostic Imaging ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,Helical computed tomography ,Malignancy ,Risk Assessment ,Risk Factors ,Humans ,Medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Practice Patterns, Physicians' ,PET-CT ,Solitary pulmonary nodule ,Lung ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Helical ct ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Positron emission tomography ,Lung disease ,Practice Guidelines as Topic ,Female ,Radiology ,business ,Nuclear medicine - Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of our study is to improve radiologists' understanding of the clinical issues involved in making a diagnosis and to guide further diagnostic workup and treatment of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs).CONCLUSION. Information on the morphologic and hemodynamic characteristics of SPNs provided by dynamic helical CT, with high specificity and reasonably high accuracy, can be used for initial assessment. PET/CT is more sensitive at detecting malignancy than dynamic helical CT, and all malignant nodules may be potentially diagnosed as malignant by both techniques. Therefore, PET/CT may be selectively performed to characterize SPNs that show indeterminate results at dynamic helical CT.
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- 2007
212. Caloric restriction improves diabetes-induced cognitive deficits by attenuating neurogranin-associated calcium signaling in high-fat diet-fed mice
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Gu Seob Roh, Hyun Joo Shin, Won Ho Kim, Seon-Yong Jeong, Byeong Tak Jeon, Hwajin Kim, Rok Won Heo, Woori Kwak, Jeonghyun Kim, Sang Soo Kang, Heeyoung Kang, and Chin-ok Yi
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hippocampus ,Bioinformatics ,Diet, High-Fat ,Neuroprotection ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Insulin resistance ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Animals ,Neurogranin ,Calcium Signaling ,Cognitive decline ,Caloric Restriction ,business.industry ,Sequence Analysis, RNA ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Caloric theory ,Original Articles ,medicine.disease ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Neurology ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Neurology (clinical) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Cognition Disorders ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Diabetes-induced cognitive decline has been recognized in human patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus and mouse model of obesity, but the underlying mechanisms or therapeutic targets are not clearly identified. We investigated the effect of caloric restriction on diabetes-induced memory deficits and searched a molecular mechanism of caloric restriction-mediated neuroprotection. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet for 40 weeks and RNA-seq analysis was performed in the hippocampus of high-fat diet-fed mice. To investigate caloric restriction effect on differential expression of genes, mice were fed high-fat diet for 20 weeks and continued on high-fat diet or subjected to caloric restriction (2 g/day) for 12 weeks. High-fat diet-fed mice exhibited insulin resistance, glial activation, blood–brain barrier leakage, and memory deficits, in that we identified neurogranin, a down-regulated gene in high-fat diet-fed mice using RNA-seq analysis; neurogranin regulates Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent synaptic function. Caloric restriction increased insulin sensitivity, reduced high-fat diet-induced blood–brain barrier leakage and glial activation, and improved memory deficit. Furthermore, caloric restriction reversed high-fat diet-induced expression of neurogranin and the activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and calpain as well as the downstream effectors. Our results suggest that neurogranin is an important factor of high-fat diet-induced memory deficits on which caloric restriction has a therapeutic effect by regulating neurogranin-associated calcium signaling.
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- 2015
213. Myeloid-specific SIRT1 Deletion Aggravates Hepatic Inflammation and Steatosis in High-fat Diet-fed Mice
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Kyung Eun Kim, Gyeong Jae Cho, Hwajin Kim, Dong Hoon Lee, Gu Seob Roh, Hyun Joo Shin, Sang Soo Kang, Wan Sung Choi, Hyun Joon Kim, Rok Won Heo, and Chin-ok Yi
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Hepatic steatosis ,Normal diet ,Physiology ,Inflammation ,Biology ,Nuclear factor kappa B ,Insulin resistance ,Sirtuin 1 ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Pharmacology ,food and beverages ,medicine.disease ,CTGF ,Endocrinology ,High-fat diet ,biology.protein ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Original Article ,Steatosis ,Metabolic syndrome ,medicine.symptom ,Hepatic fibrosis ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a mammalian NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase that regulates cellular metabolism and inflammatory response. The organ-specific deletion of SIRT1 induces local inflammation and insulin resistance in dietary and genetic obesity. Macrophage-mediated inflammation contributes to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, however, the macrophage-specific SIRT1 function in the context of obesity is largely unknown. C57/BL6 wild type (WT) or myeloid-specific SIRT1 knockout (KO) mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or normal diet (ND) for 12 weeks. Metabolic parameters and markers of hepatic steatosis and inflammation in liver were compared in WT and KO mice. SIRT1 deletion enhanced HFD-induced changes on body and liver weight gain, and increased glucose and insulin resistance. In liver, SIRT1 deletion increased the acetylation, and enhanced HFD-induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), hepatic inflammation and macrophage infiltration. HFD-fed KO mice showed severe hepatic steatosis by activating lipogenic pathway through sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), and hepatic fibrogenesis, as indicated by induction of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and collagen secretion. Myeloid-specific deletion of SIRT1 stimulates obesity-induced inflammation and increases the risk of hepatic fibrosis. Targeted induction of macrophage SIRT1 may be a good therapy for alleviating inflammation-associated metabolic syndrome.
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- 2015
214. MOESM6 of High-fat diet-induced obesity exacerbates kainic acid-induced hippocampal cell death
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Kang, Dong, Heo, Rok, Chin-Ok Yi, Hwajin Kim, Choi, Chang, and Roh, Gu
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Additional file 6: Table S2. List of primary antibodies.
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- 2015
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215. Clarithromycin Attenuates Radiation-Induced Lung Injury in Mice
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Jong Deog Lee, Seung Jun Lee, Dae Hyun Song, Yu Ji Cho, Ki Mun Kang, Rok Won Heo, Gu Seob Roh, Chin-ok Yi, and Yi Yeong Jeong
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:Medicine ,Connective tissue ,Apoptosis ,Radiation-Protective Agents ,Lung injury ,medicine.disease_cause ,Mice ,Fibrosis ,Clarithromycin ,Pulmonary fibrosis ,medicine ,Animals ,lcsh:Science ,Lung ,Multidisciplinary ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,Body Weight ,lcsh:R ,food and beverages ,medicine.disease ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Radiation Pneumonitis ,Disease Models, Animal ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Radiation-induced lung injury ,Cancer research ,Female ,lcsh:Q ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,business ,Oxidative stress ,Research Article - Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a common and unavoidable complication of thoracic radiotherapy. The current study was conducted to evaluate the ability of clarithromycin (CLA) to prevent radiation-induced pneumonitis, oxidative stress, and lung fibrosis in an animal model. C57BL/6J mice were assigned to control, irradiation only, irradiation plus CLA, and CLA only groups. Test mice received single thoracic exposures to radiation and/or oral CLA (100 mg/kg/day). Histopathologic findings and markers of inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress were compared by group. On a microscopic level, CLA inhibited macrophage influx, alveolar fibrosis, parenchymal collapse, consolidation, and epithelial cell changes. The concentration of collagen in lung tissue was lower in irradiation plus CLA mice. Radiation-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, TNF receptor 1, acetylated nuclear factor kappa B, cyclooxygenase 2, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, and matrix metallopeptidase 9 were also attenuated by CLA. Expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase 1, transforming growth factor-beta 1, connective tissue growth factor, and type I collagen in radiation-treated lungs were also attenuated by CLA. These findings indicate that CLA ameliorates the deleterious effects of thoracic irradiation in mice by reducing pulmonary inflammation, oxidative damage, and fibrosis.
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- 2015
216. Pulmonary fungal infection: Imaging findings in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients
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Tae Sung Kim, Chin A Yi, Joungho Han, Myung Jin Chung, Kyung Soo Lee, and Semin Chong
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Lung Diseases, Fungal ,business.industry ,Respiratory disease ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Histoplasmosis ,Immunocompromised Host ,Pneumonia ,Immune system ,Immunopathology ,Immunology ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiography, Thoracic ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,business ,Mycosis ,Blastomycosis ,Pneumonitis - Abstract
Histoplasmosis is the most common endemic mycosis in North America, and is followed by coccidioidomycosis and blastomycosis. Although the majority of these infections in immunocompetent persons are self-limited, some patients can develop severe pneumonitis or various forms of chronic pulmonary infection. Cryptococcoci, Aspergillus, Candidas, and Mucorals are ubiquitous organisms, which may affect immunocompromised patients. Specific imaging findings can be expected, depending on the organisms involved, underlying patients' conditions (immune status), and specific situations after immune depleting procedures.
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- 2006
217. Grandparents, Adolescents, and Parents
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Ying-Hwa Chang, Chin-Chun Yi, En-Ling Pan, and Chao-wen Chan
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Family relationship ,050902 family studies ,05 social sciences ,050109 social psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Grandparent ,0509 other social sciences ,Psychology ,Affect (psychology) ,Social psychology ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Developmental psychology ,Panel data - Abstract
This article examines intergenerational relations from the perspective of Taiwanese youth. Specifically, the major focus is on how the relations between second and third generations may be affected by prior family experiences between first, second, and third generations. Possible effects of the three-generation living arrangement on intergenerational relations are also explored. Panel data of 2,500 seventh graders in 2000 in northern Taiwan show that half of teenagers were raised in coresidence living arrangement with grandparents. Results confirm that relations between grandparents and parents and between grandparents and grandchildren do affect parent-teenager relations. Notably, more so than coresidence, the early family experience of being cared for by paternal grandparents produces significant positive effects on adolescent-father relations and negative adolescent-father relations if cared for by maternal grandparents. It is suggested that the impact of earlier family process on subsequent family relations is worth further investigation.
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- 2006
218. Globalization and the Intergenerational Relation
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Michael Farrell and Chin-Chun Yi
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Globalization ,Economic growth ,Cross-cultural ,Economic geography ,Sociology ,Relation (history of concept) ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) - Published
- 2006
219. Gender, Marriage and Family Support in East Asian Families
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Chin-Chun Yi and Bernhard Nauck
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Sociology and Political Science ,Family support ,Extended family ,East Asia ,Gender studies ,Sociology ,Nuclear family - Published
- 2006
220. Overlapping Social Networks
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Chin-Chun Yi, Yang-chih Fu, and Ray-May Hsung
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Sociology and Political Science ,050903 gender studies ,Conjugal family ,05 social sciences ,050602 political science & public administration ,Sociology ,0509 other social sciences ,Social psychology ,Degree (music) ,Structural holes ,0506 political science - Abstract
This study uses Burt’s theory of structural holes and Lin, Fu and Hsung’s theory of position-generated networks to examine a hypothesis about the overlap of couples’ social networks and the degree of joint behaviour in conjugal role relationships. The authors devised five overlap types of couples’ networks based on two-dimensional network characteristics: the diversity of ego’s kin ties and the degree of cross-linkages through spouse’s contacts. They measured the conjugal role by how couples manage their day-to-day expenditure and classified them into three categories: mainly managed by wife, mainly managed by husband and joint management. This study used the 2001 Taiwan Social Change Survey to test the hypothesis on the couples’ networks and conjugal roles. After controlling for all other variables, the overlap types of the couples’ social networks still had significant effects on their management of family expenditure. Specifically, the couples with high diversity of ego’s kin ties and high cross-linkages through spouse practised the joint conjugal role pattern of family expenditure. The reason is that the high diversity of ego’s kin ties provides plural patterns of conjugal roles to be identified and the high cross-linkages through the spouse provide the bargaining power from the spouse.
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- 2006
221. Wife's Decision-Making Power in a Chinese Context
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Chin-Chun Yi and Yu-Hua Chen
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Power (social and political) ,Measure (data warehouse) ,Multivariate analysis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Decision making power ,Survey data collection ,Wife ,Context (language use) ,Chinese society ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,media_common - Abstract
Previous studies of women's family status have raised various measurement concerns on wife's family decision-making power. Two major problems often mentioned are a lack of adequate measurement techniques and the failure to use couple-based data. This study examines both questions by providing evidence for a better measurement of marital power. The context is non-western, namely the Chinese society, and Taiwan will be used for illustrative purpose. In terms of wife's family decision-making power, we begin with a description of major theories and their links to power measures. A brief and critical review of the 'final say' measure of marital power is provided. Next, using Taiwan's family survey data, we illustrate how proposed measures of wife's family decision-making power are constructed with a specific emphasis on couple-based data and weighted scheme. Finally, by comparing personal characteristics, structural factors, as well as communication patterns within couples in the multivariate analysis, we demonstrate that the couple-based measure is indeed more effective in representing wife's marital power in the family.
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- 2006
222. Effects of an augmented reality-based mobile system on students' learning achievements and motivation for a liberal arts course.
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Chin, Kai-Yi, Wang, Ching-Sheng, and Chen, Yen-Lin
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AUGMENTED reality , *MOBILE learning , *CLASSROOM activities , *HUMANISTIC education , *COMPREHENSION - Abstract
Although Augmented Reality (AR) technology has already been adopted into mobile learning environments, additional effort must be put towards providing strong evidence that AR-based mobile systems are excellent educational tools that make a positive impact in or outside of the classroom. Our study utilized a similar AR-based mobile learning system developed to authentically teach a liberal arts course at a Taiwanese university. Under controlled study environments, we were able to design a system that could impart relevant concepts from the course to students outside of the traditional classroom setting. Experimental results demonstrated that students with the opportunity to learn through the proposed system demonstrated higher learning motivation, had better learning performance and comprehension abilities than those studying via the conventional outdoor instruction approach. Moreover, the questionnaire survey conducted after our study revealed that "confidence" was the most highly rated motivational factor among students who used the proposed system, suggesting that students were quite motivated to learn using the novel system supplemented with technological advances because they felt more sure of their knowledge and performance. Thus, we believe that using the proposed system can effectively improve the learning outcomes of students enrolled in the liberal arts course, with the particular benefit of boosting confidence in gaining new knowledge, which leads to an improvement of overall learning performance and motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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223. Evaluation of neurological behaviour in late-preterm newborn infants using the Hammersmith Neonatal Neurological Examination.
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Chin, En Yi Joanne, Baral, Vijay R, Ereno, Imelda L, Allen, John C, Low, Kelly, and Yeo, Cheo Lian
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NEWBORN infants - Abstract
Aim: We hypothesise that clinically well late-preterm infants (LPI) (34+0 -36+6 weeks) are neurologically more immature than their term counterparts, and this immaturity persists even when these infants reach term-corrected age (TCA). The primary aim of our study was to characterise and contrast the neurodevelopmental profile of well LPI with full-term infants (FTI) (39+0 -41+6 weeks) using the Hammersmith Neonatal Neurological Examination (HNNE). Our secondary aim was to obtain local reference ranges for the 34 items in the HNNE in an Asian-dominant population.Methods: LPI were assessed at two time points: 12-72 h of life and at TCA of 39+0 -41+6 weeks, while FTI were assessed at 12-72 h of life using the HNNE. Each of the 34 items on the HNNE was assigned an optimality score (OS) of 0, 0.5 or 1, totalling up to 34. A quantitative comparison of the neurobehavioral patterns was made using two-sample t-tests.Results: A total of 212 infants (79 LPI and 133 FTI) were recruited. Mean OSs for LPI and FTI at birth were (25.11 ± 3.36)/34 and (31.19 ± 1.50)/34, respectively, with a mean difference of 6.08 (P value <0.0001). The mean OS for LPI on reaching TCA was (28.91 ± 2.30)/34, with a mean difference of 2.28 (P value <0.0001). Reference OSs for the 34 items on the HNNE were also obtained.Conclusion: LPI are more immature than their term counterparts even on reaching TCA, with discrepancies most apparent in 'tone' and 'movement'. We provide reference OSs of 34 items in the HNNE for infants in an Asian-dominant population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
224. A Design of Self-Exciting Electronic Ballast Using the Simulation Method
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Jae-Yup No and Chin-Woo Yi
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Ballast ,Engineering ,business.industry ,Half bridge ,Electrical engineering ,Inverter ,business - Abstract
This paper designed electronic ballast inverter circuit using the PSpice simulation and it compared with practical ballast about electrical characteristics. Used electronic ballast driving type is self-exciting half bridge inverter we have got much the same electrical result both simulation and experiment of practical electronic ballast.
- Published
- 2005
225. Toward a model of adaptation of Taiwanese expatriates’ Spouses in multinational corporations
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Yu-Ching Chiao, Yu-Chen Wei, Joseph Chwo‐ming Yu, and Chin‐Hua Yi
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Ethnocentrism ,Expatriate ,Multinational corporation ,Spouse ,Strategy and Management ,Conflict resolution ,Flexibility (personality) ,Business and International Management ,Willingness to communicate ,Adaptation (computer science) ,Psychology ,Social psychology - Abstract
An investigation into the factors affecting the adaptation of spouses of Taiwan expatriates allowed for their modes of adaptation to be classified into ‘adjustment’, ‘reaction’ and ‘withdrawal’. Albeit a sample of 15 spouses were interviewed using a semi‐structured questionnaire, the research findings indicate that if an expatriate’s spouse is characterized as having high cultural flexibility, high social orientation, a high degree of willingness to communicate, a high conflict resolution orientation, low ethnocentricity and a high orientation towards knowledge, the overseas adaptation tends to be of the ‘adjustment’ mode. Research propositions based on case findings and relevant literature are derived here for future more in‐depth study.
- Published
- 2005
226. Perceived quality of life in Taiwan and Hong Kong: an intra-culture comparison
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Chin-Chun Yi, Pei-Shan Liao, and Yang-chih Fu
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media_common.quotation_subject ,medicine.disease_cause ,Ordinal regression ,Cultural heritage ,Politics ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,Happiness ,medicine ,Positive psychology ,Psychology ,Relative deprivation ,Social psychology ,Inclusion (education) ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,media_common - Abstract
Cross-society comparisons have become increasingly important to the study of the perceived quality of life. A major critique of these studies, however, is the lack of attention to intra-culture variation. This paper examines how subjective quality of life differs, at both societal and individual levels, between Taiwan and Hong Kong, two Chinese societies that share their cultural heritage but vary in their social and political systems. We draw upon data from synchronic surveys conducted in November 2000 in Taiwan (n=1222) and Hong Kong (n=1044). Ordinal regression analyses confirm that, for both societies, reported satisfaction at the societal level contributes to the variance in individuals’ quality of life. Moreover, the perceived fairness with regard to personal effort within the opportunity structure provided by the society also significantly affects an individual’s quality of life. Different factors accounting for quality of life variation in Taiwan and in Hong Kong are discussed. This paper suggests that for the intra-cultural, cross-society comparisons on quality of life, inclusion of various societal level indicators is not only important, but the subjective perception of the fairness that society also contributes a significant effect.
- Published
- 2005
227. A Theoretical Analysis of Voltage and Current in Low Pressure Mercury-Argon Mixture Gas Discharge with Frequency Variation
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Chin-Woo Yi
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Materials science ,Argon ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,business.industry ,Numerical analysis ,Electrical engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Electric discharge in gases ,Mercury (element) ,law.invention ,chemistry ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,law ,Electron temperature ,Physics::Atomic Physics ,Atomic physics ,Particle density ,business ,Fluorescent lamp ,Voltage - Abstract
A fluorescent lamp which uses low pressure mercury-argon gas discharge shows the maximum current and minimum lamp voltage near 1(kHz) source frequency at constant power. For explain these phenomena theoretically, in this paper a atomic level discharge model was made and particle density and electron temperature variation were calculated using numerical method.
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- 2005
228. Solitary Pulmonary Nodules: Dynamic Enhanced Multi–Detector Row CT Study and Comparison with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Microvessel Density
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Kyungsoo Lee, Seonwoo Kim, O Jung Kwon, Yeon Joo Jeong, Eun A Kim, Hojoong Kim, Joung-Ho Han, and Chin A Yi
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Adult ,Male ,Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,Angiogenesis ,Contrast Media ,Malignancy ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Statistics, Nonparametric ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Lung ,Neovascularization, Pathologic ,business.industry ,Microcirculation ,Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ,Nodule (medicine) ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Iopamidol ,Radiographic Image Enhancement ,Vascular endothelial growth factor ,Contrast medium ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Injections, Intravenous ,Female ,Radiology ,Tomography ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Tomography, Spiral Computed ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
To evaluate enhancement dynamics of solitary pulmonary nodules at multi-detector row computed tomography (CT) and to correlate results with extent of tumor angiogenesis in pathologic specimens.One hundred thirty-one patients with solitary pulmonary nodules underwent unenhanced thin-section CT, followed by dynamic helical CT (throughout the nodule for 30 mm along the z-axis [13 images] and at 20-second intervals for 3 minutes [130 images total]) after intravenous injection of 120 mL of contrast medium. Diagnosis of malignancy or benignancy was assigned in 109 patients, and follow-up imaging suggested benignancy in the remaining 22. CT findings were analyzed for peak attenuation, net enhancement, and enhancement dynamics. In 54 patients with surgical diagnoses, Pearson correlation coefficient was used to correlate enhancement pattern with extent of microvessel density and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) staining.With 30 HU or more of net enhancement as a cutoff value in differentiation of malignant and benign nodules, sensitivity for malignant nodules was 99% (69 of 70 malignant nodules), specificity was 54% (33 of 61 benign nodules), positive predictive value was 71% (69 of 97 malignant readings), negative predictive value was 97% (33 of 34 benign readings), and accuracy was 78% (102 of 131 nodules). Peak attenuation was correlated positively with extent of microvessel density (r = 0.369, P =.006) and VEGF staining (r = 0.277, P =.042). Malignant nodules showed significantly higher VEGF expression (P =.009) than that of benign nodules.Dynamic enhancement with multi-detector row CT shows high sensitivity and negative predictive values for diagnosis of malignant nodules but low specificity because of highly enhancing benign nodules. Extent of enhancement reflects underlying nodule angiogenesis.
- Published
- 2004
229. A case of Wernicke’s encephalopathy with atypical manifestation at MR imaging
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Seong Suk Lee, Gukmyung Choi, Chin A Yi, Kyu-Hee Her, Jung Yun Hong, and Jung-Sik Huh
- Abstract
We report a case of atypical manifestation of Wernicke's encephalopathy in a 74-year-old non-alcoholic woman. T2-weighted images demonstrated symmetrical distribution of hyperintense lesions in cerebellar dentate nuclei, tegmentum of the lower pons, red nuclei, tectum of the mid brain, medial thalami, and splenium of the corpus callosum. The hyperintense lesions except corpus callosum were markedly resolved on follow-up MR images.
- Published
- 2003
230. Imaging-Guided Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation of Pulmonary Metastatic Nodules Caused by Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Preliminary Experience
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Tae Sung Kim, Young Cheol Yoon, Hyo Keun Lim, Chin A Yi, Daehee Han, and Kyung Soo Lee
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Lung Neoplasms ,Percutaneous ,Radiofrequency ablation ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Contrast Media ,Catheter ablation ,Radiography, Interventional ,law.invention ,law ,X ray computed ,medicine ,Carcinoma ,Humans ,Fluoroscopy ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Aged ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Liver Neoplasms ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Catheter Ablation ,Female ,Radiology ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of imaging-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of metastatic pulmonary nodules caused by hepatocellular carcinoma.CONCLUSION. Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation is feasible and can be a promising method for the local control of metastatic pulmonary nodules caused by hepatocellular carcinoma, especially when they are limited in number.
- Published
- 2003
231. Multidetector CT of Bronchiectasis: Effect of Radiation Dose on Image Quality
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Chin A Yi, Seonwoo Kim, Yon Mi Sung, Daehee Han, Kyung Soo Lee, and Taesung Kim
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Image quality ,Radiation Dosage ,Imaging phantom ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,Lung ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Bronchiectasis ,business.industry ,Radiation dose ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Radiographic Image Enhancement ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Female ,Tomography ,Radiology ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Nuclear medicine ,business - Abstract
The purpose of our prospective study was to assess the image quality with respect to the radiation dose incurred by multidetector CT (MDCT) in patients with suspected bronchiectasis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. Image clusters, composed of nine images, using MDCT (120 kVp, a 2.5-mm collimation, a pitch of 6, and 2.5-mm reconstruction intervals) were obtained at each of two levels-the azygous arch and the right inferior pulmonary vein-at 170, 100, 70, 40, 20, and 10 mA. Independently, two chest radiologists assessed and compared the quality of the images obtained at the six milliamperage exposures. Image quality was graded using a 5-point scale with lung and mediastinal window settings. Radiation doses were measured at each of the six milliamperage settings while scanning the whole lung of a thoracic phantom using MDCT.The mean image quality scores at exposures of 170, 100, 70, 40, 20, 10 mA were as follows: 3.9, 3.7, 3.8, 3.2, 2.5, 1.6 at lung window settings and 4.1, 4.3, 4.0, 3.4, 2.3, 1.3 at mediastinal window settings, respectively. Images obtained at 70 mA were rated significantly better than those obtained at 40 mA or less (p0.01). The mean radiation dose at 170, 100, 70, 40, 20, 10 mA was 23.72, 14.39, 10.54, 5.41, 2.74, and 1.50 mGy, respectively.With a tube current setting as low as 70 mA, MDCT provides images of acceptable quality and volumetric data sets for the evaluation of bronchiectasis. The trade-off of using MDCT rather than conventional high-resolution CT is that the radiation dose is five times higher with MDCT (10.54 mGy) than with conventional high-resolution CT (2.17 mGy with parameters of 120 kVp, 170 mA, 1-mm collimation, and 10-mm intervals).
- Published
- 2003
232. Radiographic and CT Findings of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Infection Caused by Mycobacterium abscessus
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Daehee Han, O Jung Kwon, Won-Jung Koh, Chin A Yi, Taesung Kim, and Kyung Soo Lee
- Subjects
Adult ,Lung Diseases ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Radiography ,Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous ,Mycobacterium abscessus ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Ct findings ,Aged ,Lung ,Bronchiectasis ,biology ,business.industry ,Respiratory disease ,Mycobacterium chelonae ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,respiratory system ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Pneumonia ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,bacteria ,Female ,Radiography, Thoracic ,Nontuberculous mycobacteria ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of our study was to describe the radiographic and CT findings in patients with pulmonary infections caused by Mycobacterium abscessus, one of the more common rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria that cause lung disease.CONCLUSION. The main radiologic and CT manifestations of M. abscessus lung infection are bilateral small nodular opacities, bronchiectasis, and cavity formation.
- Published
- 2003
233. Additional Coronal Images Using Low-Milliamperage Multidetector-Row Computed Tomography: Effectiveness in the Diagnosis of Bronchiectasis
- Author
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Seonwoo Kim, Kyung Soo Lee, Taesung Kim, Yon Mi Sung, Chin A Yi, and Young Cheol Yoon
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Thorax ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Computed tomography ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Volumetric CT ,medicine ,Clustered data ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Observer Variation ,Bronchiectasis ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Radiology Information Systems ,Coronal plane ,Female ,Radiology ,Detection rate ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,business - Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of additional coronal images using low-milliamperage multidetector-row computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of bronchiectasis. METHODS Helical volumetric CT scans (120 kVp, 70 mA, 2.5-mm collimation, table speed of 15 mm/s, table rotation time of 1 second) using low-milliamperage multidetector-row CT were obtained through the thorax in 110 patients who were suspected of bronchiectasis. Both axial (2.5-mm section thickness) and coronal (1.3-2.0-mm section thickness) reformatted images were made and sent to picture archiving and communication system (PACS) monitors. Two independent observers assessed CT scans twice; with axial images only and with both axial and coronal images. The detection rates of bronchiectasis were compared between readings with axial images only and with both axial and coronal images by using a nonparametric method of clustered data. Confidence grades were given to the distribution and type of bronchiectasis. RESULTS With axial images only, the detection rates of bronchiectasis on a per-patient basis were 97% (213/220 patients, kappa = 0.888) whereas with both axial and coronal images, the detection rates were 100% (220/220 patients, kappa = 1.000) (P = 0.0001). Confidence to the distribution of bronchiectasis was greater with both axial and coronal images than with axial images only (P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS Additional coronal images using low-milliamperage multidetector-row CT are effective in the diagnosis of bronchiectasis by providing enhanced detection rates and confidence to the distribution of lesions.
- Published
- 2003
234. Multiphasic Perfusion Computed Tomography in Hyperacute Ischemic Stroke: Comparison with Diffusion and Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Jae Hyoung Kim, Soo Joo Lee, Jae Wook Ryoo, Chan Hong Moon, Hong Sik Byun, Chin A. Yi, Kwang Ho Lee, Eung Yeop Kim, Byong Yong Yi, and Dong Gyu Na
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Statistics as Topic ,Ischemia ,Perfusion scanning ,Severity of Illness Index ,Magnetic resonance angiography ,Brain Ischemia ,Central nervous system disease ,Predictive Value of Tests ,medicine ,Humans ,Carotid Stenosis ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,cardiovascular diseases ,Stroke ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Brain ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Cerebral blood flow ,Cerebrovascular Circulation ,Acute Disease ,Female ,Radiology ,Tomography ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Nuclear medicine ,business ,Perfusion ,Carotid Artery, Internal ,Magnetic Resonance Angiography ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare multiphasic perfusion computed tomography (CT) with diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting final infarct volume, infarct growth, and clinical severity in patients with hyperacute ischemia untreated by thrombolytic therapy.Multiphasic perfusion CT was performed in 19 patients with ischemic stroke within 6 hours of symptom onset. Two CT maps of peak and total perfusion were generated from CT data. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and perfusion MRI were obtained within 150 minutes after CT. Lesion volumes on CT and MRI were compared with final infarct volume and clinical scores, and mismatch on CT or MRI was compared with infarct growth.The lesion volume on the CT total perfusion map strongly correlated with MRI relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), and that on the CT peak perfusion map strongly correlated with MRI relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and rCBV (P0.001). The lesion volume on unenhanced CT or DWI moderately correlated with final infarct volume, but only lesion volume on unenhanced CT weakly correlated with baseline clinical scores (P = 0.024). The lesion volumes on the CT peak perfusion map and MRI rCBF similarly correlated with final infarct volume and clinical scores and more strongly than those on mean transit time (MTT) or time to peak (TTP). DWI-rCBF or CT mismatch was more predictive of infarct growth than DWI-MTT or DWI-TTP mismatch.Multiphasic perfusion CT is useful and of comparable utility to diffusion and perfusion MRI for predicting final infarct volume, infarct growth, and clinical severity in acute ischemic stroke.
- Published
- 2003
235. The Linkage Between Work and Family: Female’s Employment Patterns in Three Chinese Societies
- Author
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Wen-Yin Chien and Chin-Chun Yi
- Subjects
Mainland China ,Sociology and Political Science ,Social Psychology ,Child rearing ,Anthropology ,Social change ,Social environment ,Life course approach ,Context (language use) ,Sociology ,Developed country ,Family life ,Demography - Abstract
The significant rise of female's labor force participation in recent decades has become a focal topic worldwide. Outside of western industrialized nations, female's employment has been examined from its overall demographic trend, its contribution to the economic development, factors accounted for the pattern variation as well as its effects on family relations. Among the linkage between family and employment, a relative lack of attention is given to female's work patterns across various family life stages. Marriage and childbearing, in both western and non-western worlds, are repeatedly shown to be two major stages which affect female's labor force continuity (Mott, 1972; Waite, 1976;Young, 1978; Shapiro and Mott, 1979; Sorensen, 1983; Waite et al, 1985). Females typically work before marriage and withdraw from the job market at marriage or at childbirth, later a substantial proportion may re-enter the labor force after child-rearing stage which result in a twin peak or a M-shaped labor force participation trend for females. However, the typical M-shaped employment pattern which has been prevalent in some western societies is not necessarily apparent in Asian countries like Taiwan (Hsueh, 2000; Yu, 1999; Chang, 1996; Chien and Hsueh, 1996). The difficulty of re-entry to the labor market is one reason documented for the absence of M-shaped employment curve (Yi, 1999); the deep-rooted cultural norm which prescribes female's family role priority is another possible explanation (Yu, 1999). As a consequence, over last few decades, employment discontinuity has become typical feature of female labor force participation in this area. This paper will examine married female's employment pattern over the life course. Three consecutive family life stages, namely pre-marital, marriage to the first childbirth, youngest child during preschool ages, will be focused which encompass both marriage, childbearing, as well as the heaviest child rearing stages. It is assumed that beyond other factors, female's work continuity will respond to the demand of her family responsibility in each family stage. The research loci are Taiwan, Tianjin, and Shanghai (a northern and southern metropolis in Mainland China). With similar cultural heritage, these three Chinese societies should have possessed similar values toward familial role demand as well as toward female employment. Nevertheless, different political systems and their concomitant structural circumstances may have produced diverse attitudes and actual behaviors toward female employment. It is the intention of this paper to compare female employment patterns of these three Chinese societies. The analysis will be put in the context of various family life stages and factors accounted for the variation will be delineated. Factors Accounted for Female's Employment Variation The female's labor force participation rate in Taiwan has increased from 39.2% in 1980 to 45.6 % in 1998.1 The closest corresponding figures of Tianjin and Shanghai are 58.1% and 60.5% in 1998.2 (National Bureau of Statistics, PRC, 1989, 1999; Tianjin Municipal Statistical Bureau, 1999; Shanghai Municipal Statistics Bureau, 1999). Among female workers, married females have assumed major proportion of the increase in that their labor force participation rate rises from 33.2% in 1980 to 46.5% in 1998 in Taiwan (corresponding figures in Mainland China are not available). Generally speaking, female's personal resources , family's economic need, possible constraint from the social norm, and the larger social context/economic structure have been documented to be factors affecting female's employment patterns (Waite, 1976; Desai and Waite, 1991; Waite, 1980; Young, 1978;Yi, 1994; Chang, 1996; Lin, 1992;). With the drastic social change in this region, two corresponding phenomena are emerging: both the macro and the micro structure are conducive to female's taking continuous employment. A few relevant reports will be reviewed in the following. …
- Published
- 2002
236. Radiological Spectrum of Intraductal Papillary Tumors of the Bile Ducts
- Author
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Hyo Keun Lim, Chin A Yi, Won Jae Lee, Soon Jin Lee, Seung Hoon Kim, and Jae Hoon Lim
- Subjects
Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Papillomatosis ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ,Cystadenoma, Mucinous ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Bile ducts, interventional procedures ,Cystadenocarcinoma ,Bile ducts, neoplasms ,Bile duct ,business.industry ,Mucin ,Papillary tumor ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Bile ducts, US ,Carcinoma, Papillary ,Radiography ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ,Bile Duct Neoplasms ,Biliary tract ,Cystadenoma ,Pictorial Essay ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Bile ducts, CT ,Liver abscess - Abstract
Papillary tumor of the bile duct is characterized by the presence of an intraductal tumor with a papillary surface comprising innumerable frondlike infoldings of proliferated columnar epithelial cells surrounding slender fibrovascular stalks. There may be multiple tumors along the bile ducts (papillomatosis or papillary carcinomatosis), which are dilated due to obstruction by a tumor per se, by sloughed tumor debris, or by excessive mucin. Radiologically, the biliary tree is diffusely dilated, either in a lobar or segmental fashion, or aneurysmally, depending on the location of the tumor, the debris, and the amount of mucin production. A tumor can be depicted by imaging as an intraductal mass with a thickened and irregular bile duct wall. Sloughed tumor debris and mucin plugs should be differentiated from bile duct stones. Cystically or aneurysmally, dilated bile ducts in mucin-hypersecreting variants (intraductal papillary mucinous tumors) should be differentiated from cystadenoma, cystadenocarcinoma and liver abscess.
- Published
- 2002
237. Low-dose CT screening in an Asian population with diverse risk for lung cancer: A retrospective cohort study
- Author
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Yun Yung Cho, Yoon-Ho Choi, Kyung Eun Shin, Kyung Soo Lee, Myung-Hee Shin, Chin A Yi, and O Jung Kwon
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Risk ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,Adolescent ,Radiation Dosage ,Cohort Studies ,Young Adult ,Asian People ,Carcinoma ,Medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Young adult ,Lung cancer ,Lung ,Survival analysis ,Neuroradiology ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Survival Analysis ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Female ,Radiology ,business ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Cohort study - Abstract
To evaluate the performance of low-dose CT (LDCT) screening for lung cancer (LCA) detection in an Asian population with diverse risks for LCA. LCA screening was performed in 12,427 symptomless Asian subjects using either LDCT (5,771) or chest radiography (CXR) (6,656) in a non-trial setting. Subjects were divided into high-risk and non-high-risk groups. Data were collected on the number of patients with screening-detected LCAs and their survival in order to compare outcomes between LDCT and CXR screening with the stratification of risks considering age, sex and smoking status. In the non-high-risk group, a significant difference was observed for the detection of lung cancer (adjusted OR, 5.07; 95 % CI, 2.72–9.45) and survival (adjusted HR of LCA survival between LDCT vs. CXR group, 0.08; 95 % CI, 0.01–0.62). No difference in detection or survival of LCA was noticed in the high-risk group. LCAs in the non-high-risk group were predominantly adenocarcinomas (96 %), and more likely to be part-solid or non-solid compared with those in the high-risk group (p = 0.023). In the non-high-risk group, LDCT helps detect more LCAs and offers better survival than CXR screening, due to better detection of part solid or non-solid lung adenocarcinomas. • In an Asian non-high-risk group, LDCT helps detect more early-staged LCAs. • CT-detected lung cancers in non-high-risk subjects demonstrate better survival than CXR-detected cancers. • CT-detected lung cancers in non-high-risk subjects are predominantly part-solid or non-solid adenocarcinomas. • Mortality benefit of LDCT screening in non-high-risk subjects needs to be investigated.
- Published
- 2014
238. Attenuation by a Vigna nakashimae extract of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fat diet-fed mice
- Author
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Byeong Tak Jeon, Gu Seob Roh, Chin-ok Yi, In Youl Baek, Sang Soo Kang, Soo Kyoung Kim, Jong Ryeal Hahm, Jong Min Ko, Byong Won Lee, Hyun Joo Shin, Han-nah Joung, Jaehoon Jung, Rok Won Heo, Yu Hee Lee, and Jung Hwa Jung
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Inflammation ,Apoptosis ,Biology ,Diet, High-Fat ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Mice ,Glycation ,Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ,Internal medicine ,Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Molecular Biology ,Glucose Transporter Type 4 ,Plant Extracts ,Organic Chemistry ,Fatty liver ,Glucose transporter ,Acetyl-CoA carboxylase ,Fabaceae ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Lipid Metabolism ,Endocrinology ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Unfolded protein response ,Steatosis ,medicine.symptom ,Biotechnology ,Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase - Abstract
A Vigna nakashimae (VN) extract has been shown to have antidiabetic and anti-obesity effects. However, the mechanism underlying the effect of a VN extract on hepatic inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated how a VN extract protects against the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A VN extract for 12 weeks reduced the body weight, serum metabolic parameters, cytokines, and hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. A VN extract decreased HFD-induced hepatic acetyl CoA carboxylase and glucose transporter 4 expressions. In addition to the levels of high-mobility group box 1 and receptor for advanced glycation, the hepatic expression of ATF4 and caspase-3 was also reduced by a VN extract. Thus, these data indicate that a chronic VN extract prevented NAFLD through multiple mechanisms, including inflammation, ER stress, and apoptosis in the liver.
- Published
- 2014
239. The intergenerational transmission of the value of children in contemporary Chinese families: Taiwan and mainland China compared
- Author
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Chin-Chun Yi and Yu-Hua Chen
- Subjects
Familiensoziologie, Sexualsoziologie ,China ,Wert ,Asia ,Far East ,Taiwan ,Kind ,Sociology & anthropology ,Population Studies, Sociology of Population ,Kultur ,value ,Entwicklungsland ,Value of children ,Intergenerational transmission ,Taiwanese fertility values ,Chinese fertility values ,Heterogenität ,Bevölkerung ,Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ,Demography ,Ostasien ,fertility ,child ,Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ,developing country ,Asien ,culture ,Soziologie, Anthropologie ,ddc:300 ,Fruchtbarkeit ,Family Sociology, Sociology of Sexual Behavior ,ddc:301 ,heterogeneity - Abstract
While fertility has been drastically declining in East Asia, mechanisms accounting for the current trend vary. One noticeable mechanism documented is that the changing value of children affects couples’ fertility decisions which in turn affect their subsequent fertility behaviour. This study will examine the intergenerational transmission of the value of children (VOC) among grandmothers, mothers and teenagers in two Chinese societies: Taiwan and Mainland China. We assume that cultural homogeneity interacts with political and social heterogeneity and may result in different values regarding having or not having children. Data are taken from two corresponding VOC surveys from Taiwan (2005-2007) and from Mainland China (2002-2003). We first compare the value of children for Taiwan and Mainland China with special attention to cultural aspects. Two identified factor solutions are generated for both positive (traditional and emotional) and negative (emotional/psychological and familial/social) VOC. Analyses show that intergenerational transmission of the VOC among three generations is more likely to occur for a positive VOC in the Chinese Mainland sample. We suspect that actual fertility experience results in greater resemblance on the VOC between grandmothers and mothers in both research settings. Among selected structural mechanisms, only rural-urban background has an effect on patterns of intergenerational transmission. The paper ends with a discussion on the importance of culture in explaining the intergenerational transmission of the VOC in Chinese societies., Comparative Population Studies, Vol 39, No 4 (2014)
- Published
- 2014
240. Effects of Chinese Education Style and Self-esteem in Adolescents’ Fashion Innovativeness and Conspicuous Consumption in Young Adults: A longitudinal study in Taiwan
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Wen Hsu Lin, Chin-Chun Yi, and Wei-Chen Chen
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Longitudinal study ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Self-esteem ,Chinese education ,Conspicuous consumption ,Young adult ,Psychology ,media_common ,Developmental psychology ,Style (sociolinguistics) - Published
- 2014
241. Differential expression and regulation of extracellular matrix-associated genes in fetal and neonatal fibroblasts
- Author
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Breda Mary Cullen, Anna Gosiewska, Chin-Feng Yi, Jeffrey C. Geesin, Laura J. Brown, and Derek Walter Silcock
- Subjects
Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cell type ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cell ,Dermatology ,Biology ,Cell Line ,Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ,Extracellular matrix ,Andrology ,Cicatrix ,Fetus ,Transforming Growth Factor beta ,medicine ,Humans ,RNA, Messenger ,Receptor ,Skin ,Wound Healing ,Growth factor ,Age Factors ,Infant, Newborn ,Fibroblasts ,Extracellular Matrix ,Blot ,Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Surgery ,Collagen ,Wound healing - Abstract
Adults and neonates heal wounds by a repair process associated with scarring in contrast to scar-free wound healing in the fetus. In the present study, human dermal fetal fibroblasts, representing the scarless phenotype, and neonatal human dermal fibroblasts, representing scar-forming phenotype, were examined for potential differences that might influence the wound healing process. Fetal fibroblasts secreted four- to tenfold more latent transforming growth factor-beta1 depending on the cell strains compared. Fetal fibroblasts also produced higher levels of collagen protein and mRNA for most types of collagen (particularly type III) as compared to neonatal cells. Interestingly, mRNA for type V collagen was significantly reduced in fetal cells. Neonatal fibroblasts expressed significantly higher levels of latent transforming growth factor-beta1 binding protein mRNA, in contrast to almost undetectable levels in fetal fibroblasts. By ligand blot analysis, the levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, a reported mediator of transforming growth factor-beta1 activity, was eightfold higher in neonatal versus fetal fibroblasts. Approximately 20 other mRNAs for various cytokines, matrix molecules and receptors were examined and found to be similar between the two cell types. The phenotypic differences described in this article may represent potentially important mechanisms to explain the differences in the quality of wound repair observed in fetal versus adult/neonatal tissues.
- Published
- 2001
242. CASE REPORT: Extralobar pulmonary sequestration presenting a paravertebral mass with extensive fibroadenomatous change in an adult
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Chin A Yi, Joung-Ho Han, Jae Jun Lee, Song Yi Choi, Jungsuk An, and Young Mog Shim
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung ,business.industry ,Radiography ,Thyroid ,Solid mass ,General Medicine ,Anatomy ,medicine.disease ,Extralobar sequestration ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Pulmonary sequestration ,Resected Mass ,Fibrous stroma ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,medicine ,business - Abstract
We report herein an unusual case of pulmonary extralobar sequestration (ELS) showing fibroadenomatous change. It was incidentally found in a 41-year-old woman presenting with a paravertebral mass on chest radiography during a routine health check-up. Computed tomography reveled a 3.6 cm, well-defined solid mass in the paravertebral region. The resected mass was predominantly solid and well-covered by pleura with irregular cystic spaces. Microscopically, it showed a unique fibroadenomatous change, dilated bronchiolar structures and prominent fibrous stroma. In the periphery of the mass, a small portion of the lung with normal alveolar structure was noted. The lining epithelium showed reactivity for thyroid transcription factor-1 by immunohistochemical staining.
- Published
- 2010
243. Subcentimeter lung nodules stable for 2 years at LDCT: long-term follow-up using volumetry
- Author
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Kyung Eun, Shin, Kyung Soo, Lee, Chin A, Yi, Myung Jin, Chung, Myung-Hee, Shin, and Yoon-Ho, Choi
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Adult ,Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,Lung Neoplasms ,Time Factors ,Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ,Adenocarcinoma ,Middle Aged ,Tumor Burden ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Disease Progression ,Humans ,Female ,Longitudinal Studies ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Early Detection of Cancer ,Aged ,Follow-Up Studies ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Subcentimeter nodules without change in size during long-term follow-up period (for minimum 2 years) are assumed as benign lesions. However, the 2-year stability rule has not been fully verified so far and is still questionable. Thus, we aimed to retrospectively investigate long-term follow-up results for 2-year stable subcentimeter nodules at screening low-dose computed tomography (LDCT).A total of 635 subjects having had follow-up LDCTs for the initial 2-year screening period and additional 3 years thereafter and having had non-calcified subcentimeter nodules were included. By using computed tomography (CT) nodule volumetry software, we measured interval changes in nodule volume.A total of 1107 subcentimeter nodules (1037 solid, 70 ground-glass opacity nodules (GGNs)) were detected at baseline CT. Of 1037 solid nodules, 1032 showed no growth during the initial 2-year and 5-year follow-up period. Fifty-nine GGNs were stable for initial 2 years, but two (3.4%) were later proved as adenocarcinomas. Among five solid nodules that showed growth during the initial 2-year follow-up period, one (20%) proved to be an adenocarcinoma, whereas four (36.4%) of 11 GGNs that demonstrated growth were diagnosed as lung cancers.All solid subcentimeter nodules having initial 2-year stability at screening LDCT can be considered benign because none shows growth at further follow-up CT. On the other hand, subcentimeter GGNs have more chance of growth than solid nodules and need further follow-up CT for more than 2 years.
- Published
- 2013
244. 'Such a tool should be capable of accepting real-world, hardware-generated data acquired using leading-edge instrumentation.' -- Improve simulator analysis using hardware-generated data -- Gain valuable insight by combining simulation with captured, exported data
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Chin, Wu-Yi
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Market trend/market analysis ,Technology application ,Company business management ,Electronic design automation ,CAE software ,Standard IC ,Electronic design automation -- Methods ,CAE software -- Usage ,CAE software -- Forecasts and trends ,Electronics engineers -- Technology application ,Electronics engineers -- Management ,Integrated circuits -- Design and construction ,Semiconductor chips -- Design and construction - Published
- 2007
245. Contraction Sensing With Smart Braid McKibben Muscles
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Felt, Wyatt, primary, Chin, Khai Yi, additional, and Remy, C. David, additional
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- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
246. An empirical study of applying Kano model and TRIZ business evolution trends to improve E-commerce service quality
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Che-Ming Chang, Chin-Yun Yi, and Tai-Lin Chiang
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Service quality ,Process management ,business.industry ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,E-commerce ,law.invention ,Empirical research ,law ,Kano model ,TRIZ ,Customer satisfaction ,Quality (business) ,Marketing ,business ,Database transaction ,media_common - Abstract
The nature of the E-commerce is different from traditional transaction channels, it is necessary to define elements of the on-line service quality to facilitate the providers to develop appropriate strategy and meet the customers' requirements. This study integrates the TRIZ theory of business evolution trend and Kano two-dimensional quality model to assist in the assessment and the development of improving E-commerce service quality strategy. The experts are invited to evaluate the relevance and determine the evolution extent of related trends according to the elements of E-commerce service quality and TRIZ business evolution trend; after that, the result and extent of evolution trends are ranged into various quality characteristics of Kano model. The result of a radar plot helps to identify the opportunities for improve the E-commerce service quality. The study adopts an on-line bookstore to conduct the empirical analysis and deduces the recommendations for improving the E-commerce service quality of the on-line bookstore in future.
- Published
- 2013
247. Diffusion-weighted MRI for distinguishing non-neoplastic cysts from solid masses in the mediastinum: problem-solving in mediastinal masses of indeterminate internal characteristics on CT
- Author
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Tae Sung Kim, Jhingook Kim, Kyung Eun Shin, Young Soo Choi, Chin A Yi, Ho Yun Lee, and Hong Kwan Kim
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Thymoma ,Biopsy ,Mediastinal Neoplasms ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Bronchogenic Cyst ,Medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Neuroradiology ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Mediastinum ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Ganglioneuroma ,Sarcoma ,General Medicine ,Thymus Neoplasms ,Middle Aged ,Mediastinal Neoplasm ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Mediastinal Cyst ,Female ,Tomography ,Radiology ,business ,Nuclear medicine ,Indeterminate ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Neurilemmoma ,Diffusion MRI ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
To evaluate the usefulness of diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance images for distinguishing non-neoplastic cysts from solid masses of indeterminate internal characteristics on computed tomography (CT) in the mediastinum.We enrolled 25 patients with pathologically proved mediastinal masses who underwent both thoracic CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). MRI was performed in patients with mediastinal masses of indeterminate internal characteristics on CT. Two thoracic radiologists evaluated the morphological features and quantitatively measured the net enhancement of the masses at CT. They also reviewed MR images including unenhanced T1- and T2-weighted images, gadolinium-enhanced images and DW images.The enrolled patients had 15 solid masses and ten non-neoplastic cysts. Although the morphological features and the extent of enhancement on CT did not differ significantly between solid and cystic masses in the mediastinum (P 0.05), non-neoplastic cysts were distinguishable from solid masses by showing signal suppression on high-b-value DW images or high apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of more than 2.5 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s (P 0.001). ADC values of non-neoplastic cysts (3.67 ± 0.87 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s) were significantly higher than that of solid masses (1.46 ± 0.50 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s) (P 0.001).DWI can help differentiate solid and cystic masses in the mediastinum, even when CT findings are questionable.• Non-invasive diagnosis of non-neoplastic cysts can save surgical biopsy or excision. • Conventional CT or MRI findings cannot always provide a confident diagnosis. • Mediastinal masses can be well-characterised with DWI. • Non-neoplastic mediastinal cysts show significantly higher ADC values than cystic tumours. • DWI is useful to determine treatment strategy.
- Published
- 2013
248. Adolescent internet use and its relationship to cigarette smoking and alcohol use: a prospective cohort study
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Chin-Chun Yi, Chi Chiao, and Kate Ksobiech
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Male ,Adolescent ,Alcohol Drinking ,Taiwan ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Alcohol ,Toxicology ,Cohort Studies ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Young Adult ,Cigarette smoking ,Risk Factors ,Environmental health ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Medicine ,Humans ,Longitudinal Studies ,Prospective Studies ,Situational ethics ,Prospective cohort study ,Internet ,Internet use ,business.industry ,Smoking ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Logistic Models ,chemistry ,Adolescent Behavior ,Cohort ,Multivariate Analysis ,The Internet ,Female ,business ,Social psychology ,Adolescent health - Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the longitudinal impact of situational Internet use on future cigarette smoking and alcohol use among male and female adolescents. A Northern Taiwanese cohort sample of adolescents with no prior use of cigarettes (n=1445) or alcohol (n=1468) was surveyed at age 16 and again 4 years later. Information regarding where, why, and length of time spent using the Internet was gathered from the 16-year-old participants. Outcome information regarding cigarette/alcohol use was gathered via a follow-up questionnaire at age 20. Multivariate regressions were used to incorporate peer, individual and family characteristics as measured at age 16 and create models of future cigarette and alcohol use at age 20. The analyses demonstrated that adolescent Internet use, particularly where such use took place, has a significant impact on future cigarette smoking and alcohol use, adjusted for conventional factors, and its relationship differs significantly by gender. Female adolescents with Internet cafe use appear to be especially likely to develop these two risky behaviors. The why of Internet use is also a predictor of future cigarette smoking. Finally, time spent using the Internet is significantly related to alcohol use; greater use of the Internet is associated with higher levels of drinking. The results revealed that different risky behaviors are differentially influenced by separate components of adolescent Internet use. These findings suggest that programs aimed at promoting adolescent health could potentially benefit Taiwanese adolescents by including components related to situational Internet use and taking gender into consideration.
- Published
- 2013
249. Persistent pure ground-glass opacity lung nodules ≥ 10 mm in diameter at CT scan: histopathologic comparisons and prognostic implications
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Hyun-Ju, Lim, Soomin, Ahn, Kyung Soo, Lee, Joungho, Han, Young Mog, Shim, Sookyoung, Woo, Jae-Hun, Kim, Miyeon, Yie, Ho Yun, Lee, and Chin A, Yi
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Lung Neoplasms ,Humans ,Female ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Little is known about the histopathology and prognosis of persistent pure ground-glass opacity nodules (GGNs) of ≥ 10 mm in diameter. We aimed to compare the morphologic features of persistent pure GGNs of ≥ 10 mm in diameter at thin-section CT (TSCT) scan with histopathology and patient prognosis.A total of 46 resected GGNs that were evaluated with TSCT scan and followed up for ≥ 3 years were included in this study. Correlations between histopathology (adenocarcinoma in situ [AIS], minimally invasive adenocarcinoma [MIA], and invasive adenocarcinoma) and CT scan characteristics were examined. CT scan and clinicodemographic data were investigated by univariate and multivariate analyses to identify features that helped distinguish invasive adenocarcinoma from AIS or MIA. Disease recurrence was also evaluated.The nodules included 19 AISs (41%), nine MIAs (20%), and 18 invasive adenocarcinomas (39%). On univariate analysis, the presence of air bronchogram (P = .012), size of nodule (P = .032, cutoff = 16.4 mm in diameter), and mass of nodule (P = .040, cutoff = 0.472 g) were significant factors that differentiated invasive adenocarcinoma from AIS or MIA. On multivariate analysis, size (P = .010) and mass of nodule (P = .016) were significant determinants for invasive adenocarcinoma. There were no cases of recurrence during a follow-up period of ≥ 3 years after surgical resection.In persistent pure GGNs of ≥ 10 mm in diameter, the size and mass of the nodule are determinants of invasive adenocarcinoma, for which surgical resection leads to excellent prognosis.
- Published
- 2013
250. The Perception of Social Distance in a Multi-ethnic Society: The Case of Taiwan
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Yu-Hua Chen and Chin-Chun Yi
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Social distance ,Perception ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Ethnic group ,Sociology ,Social psychology ,media_common - Published
- 2013
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