Search

Guanglin Li,1,2 Chenxu Shang,3 Qingqing Li,4 Lifang Chen,1,2 Zejun Yue,1,2 Lingxuan Ren,3 Jianjun Yang,3 Jiye Zhang,4 Weirong Wang1,2 1Department of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Weirong Wang, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 29 82655362, Email szb2013072@xjtu.edu.cnIntroduction: Shikonin is well known for its anti-inflammatory activity in cardiovascular diseases. However, the application of shikonin is limited by its low water solubility and poor bioavailability. Methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly (ϵ-caprolactone) (MPEG-PCL) is considered a promising delivery system for hydrophobic drugs. Therefore, in this study, we prepared shikonin-loaded MPEG-PCL micelles and investigated their effect on endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) induced by inflammatory cytokines.Methods: Shikonin was encapsulated in MPEG-PCL micelles using an anti-solvent method and the physiochemical characteristics of the micelles (particle size, zeta potential, morphology, critical micelle concentration (CMC), drug loading and encapsulation efficiency) were investigated. Cellular uptake of micelles in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy. In vitro EndMT inhibition was explored in HUVECs by quantitative real-time PCR analysis.Results: The average particle size of s

Lifang Chen,1 Guilan Yu,1 Bo Fu2 1School of Business and Management, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Management, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Bo Fu, School of Management, Guangzhou University, No. 230 Wai Huan Road West, University City, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 188 0707 1295, Email fubo613@gzhu.edu.cnPurpose: With an increasing demand for shared leadership to address complex, dynamic, and diverse knowledge situations, more attention should be paid to the knowledge behaviors of emergent leaders in teams. However, there is thus far a lack of research into the multilevel nature of shared leadership. Using a dual network lens, this study considers two aspects of shared leadership: “shared leadership as networks” (SLAN) and “shared leadership in networks” (SLIN). Based on emotion appraisal theory, this study investigated the impact of SLIN on leaders’ productive and counterproductive knowledge behaviors through discrete emotions (pride and fear of losing power) and the moderating role of SLAN in guiding their emotions and subsequent behaviors.Methods: A social network approach was employed to obtain data among 431 employees from 72 teams in China. We identified 350 emergent leaders via leadership sociograms. Statistical analysis methods, including multilevel regression analysis, Monte Carlo simulation, and simple slope analysis, were utilized to test our hypotheses.Results: This study indicates that (1) SLIN is positively associated with pride (B = 0.33, p < 0.001), which in turn increases knowledge sharing (B = 0.37, p < 0.001); (2) SLIN is positively related to fear of losing power (B = 0.21, p < 0.05), which in turn is negatively associated with knowledge sharing (B = − 0.23, p < 0.001) and positively associated with knowledge hiding (B = 0.19, p < 0.001); (3) SLAN moderated these aforementioned indirect effects.C

The article mainly discusses how diverse international theories such as constructivism, neo-institutionalism, and socialism add to meeting the challenges of the regional conflicts and industrial upgrading in the higher education in East Asia, specifically in South Korea and China. China’s 14th Five-Year Plan is to quicken the process of digital civilization structure to shape smart cities and digital towns where a new image of high-quality digital life is established in order to build a community of shared future for humankind, which requires the captivation of an extremely educated employment strength into the real industry especially near ocean areas. Currently, South Korea is still facing the numerous challenge such as its overall industrial structure, labor market and higher education, which needs to improve the roles of its government, industry, and universities regarding to the knowledge formation and skill adaption. Key factors of ambidextrous design to balance exploitation and exploration in the given organizational structure were suggested with internationalization of the higher education in order to develop the regional competitiveness in East Asia.