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Aberrant ubiquitination contributes to cancer development, including thyroid carcinoma. The present study assessed the expression of ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase 47 (USP47) and underlying molecular events in the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The effects of USP47 on PTC cell invasion and migration were analyzed by Transwell assays, while. the effects of USP47 and SATB1on PTC cell gene expression and changes in tumor cell metabolism were assayed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western bolt, or ELISA, respectively. The expression of USP47 mRNA and protein was upregulated in PTC tissue and associated with the PTC tumor size. Knockdown of USP47 expression in PTC cell lines (TPC-1 and K1), decreased the cell proliferation mobility and invasion capacities, whereas USP47 overexpression in these cell lines showed an inverse effect and promoted cell glycolysis and glutamine metabolism. Moreover, expression of special AT-rich sequence-binding protein-1 (SATB1) was high in PTC tissue and was associated with USP47 expression. SATB1 expression promoted tumor cell glycolysis and glutamine metabolism, while USP47 protein bound to and deubiquitinated SATB1 to increase its intracellular levels, thus promoting glycolysis and glutamine metabolism. USP47 promotion of PTC development may be due to its stabilization of SATB1 protein, suggesting that targeting the USP47/SATB1 signaling axis may serve as a therapeutic intervention for PTC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

T helper 17 (Th17), T cytotoxic 17 (Tc17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells serve important roles in a number of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The aim of the present study was to examine the distribution of Th17, Tc17 and Treg cells in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) prior to as well as 7, 30 and 90 days following radioactive iodine‑131 (131I) therapy, and to elucidate the probable effects of 131I therapy on Th17/Tc17 and Treg/Th17 cells in patients with DTC. A total of 40 patients with DTC (26 female; 14 male) between the ages of 24 and 72 years, as well as 13 age‑ and sex‑matched healthy subjects were included in this study. The number of Th17, Tc17 and Treg cells in the peripheral blood of patients with DTC and of healthy Controls were assessed by flow cytometry. Th17 and Tc17 cells were counted as percentages of the number of CD3+ T cells; Treg cells were counted as a percentage of the number of CD4+T cells. In addition, the serum levels of interleukin (IL)‑17, IL‑23, IL‑10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β1 were examined by ELISA. The frequencies of Th17, Tc17 and Treg cells, as well as the serum levels of IL‑17, IL‑23, IL‑10 and TGF‑β1 were significantly elevated in patients with DTC compared with healthy Controls, whereas 131I therapy significantly decreased them. In addition, elevated Th17/Tc17 ratio and reduced Treg/Th17 ratio were observed in patients with DTC at day 0, however, these ratios returned to normal levels following 131I therapy for 90 days as compared with healthy Controls. Notably, Th17/Tc17 and Treg/Th17 ratios varied following 131I therapy for 7 and 30 days. In addition, a strong positive correlation between Th17 and Tc17 cells was observed in the healthy Controls and patients with DTC that received 131I treatment for 90 days, whereas a weak positive correlation between Th17 and Treg cell levels was identified in the healthy Controls and no obvious correlation between Th17 and Treg cells was observed in all patients with DTC pre‑ and post‑131I therapy during the entire treatment period. These data suggested a significant involvement of Th17, Tc17 and Treg cells in the pathology of DTC. Restoring the balance of these cells may contribute to the recovery of patients with DTC following 131I therapy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A configuration of P(VDF-TrFE) fiber-based piezoelectric film for airflow velocity sensing is designed. • P(VDF-TrFE) nano/micro fibers are fabricated by a near-field electrospinning method. • The output voltage of a single P(VDF-TrFE) fiber on the piezoelectric film under airflow loading is theoretically obtained. • The lower detection limit of airflow velocity of the developed piezoelectric airflow sensor is 0.3 m/s. [Display omitted] Airflow sensor is a crucial component in many engineering settings, such as sustainable energy utilization, environmental monitoring, weather forecasting, and aerospace engineering. However, few developed airflow sensors can exhibit decent sensing capability towards ultra-low-speed airflows owing to the performance limitations of sensing elements. In this work, we adopt a near-field electrospinning method to direct-write highly aligned poly(vinylidene-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) nano/micro fibers onto a flexible substrate with pre-designed interdigital electrodes to form a piezoelectric sensing film (PSF); the fabricated PSF is then used for airflow sensing application. We theoretically derive the output voltage of a single P(VDF-TrFE) fiber on the PSF under airflow loading, and numerically elucidate the dependency of output voltage on device and experimental parameters. Experimental results show that the lower detection limit of our airflow sensor can be as low as 0.3 m/s with the sensitivity of up to 15 mV/(m/s), which has been hardly accomplished in previous piezoelectric airflow sensors. This study not only presents a high-performance piezoelectric nano/micro-fiber-integrated airflow sensor, but also provides a universal electromechanical analysis method for piezoelectric fiber-based flexible electronics under pressure loading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces an innovative approach for assessing visitor satisfaction at the destination level by identifying attributes of interest from social media text and indirectly measuring performance and importance values. A lexicon-based method for sentiment analysis is applied to determine performance value at the destination level, while importance is calculated using an adjusted association rule mining algorithm. The results are validated with earlier survey-based attributes relevant to visitors and Australia's case. The results demonstrate encouraging accuracy, suggesting that the proposed methodology offers opportunities to assess tourist satisfaction at destinations with larger sample sizes for a lower cost and greater data collection flexibility than traditional approaches. The methods proposed could be beneficial in a wide range of tourism contexts. • Destinations are recognized from tourists' travel itineraries. • Sentiment analysis is applied to identify performance at multiple destinations. • The importance of each attribute is calculated proportionally at each destination. • Validated results of social media data with survey data [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sample size effect on the deformation behaviors of metallic glasses (MGs) attracts a lot of interest. Here, a series of molecular dynamics simulations have been performed on un-notched and notched MG thin films to fully investigate the influence of sample thickness on their fracture strengths and failure mechanisms. With decreasing sample thickness, the failure strength of un-notched MG thin films decreases slightly and the failure mode changes from shear banding to homogeneous deformation. In contrast to this brittle-to-ductile transition observed in un-notched MG thin films, shear banding prevails for notched MG thin films regardless of sample thickness. Concurrently, a notch strengthening effect is observed in the notched MG thin films when the sample thickness falls close to the shear band (SB) thickness. This significant notch strengthening is due to the failure mode transition from homogeneous deformation in un-notched MGs to shear banding in notched MGs. Based on the energetic model, a theoretical analysis is proposed to rationalize the size effect on failure mechanism transitions of both un-notched and notched MG thin films. The present study offers an understanding of size effect on the un-notched and notched MG thin films, as well as useful guidelines for the design, testing, and engineering of MG for microelectromechanical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Growing concern about the climate crisis comes with increased scrutiny of flying as an emission-intensive activity. This study conceptualises a modern communication system and draws on social media data to examine pre-COVID-19 (September to December 2019) public conversations about aviation and climate change. The analysis of >326,000 Twitter posts reveals that issue salience can be considerable at times, especially during key events such as United Nation climate summits and for users from countries such as Portugal, Puerto Rico, Qatar, France and Spain. Topic modelling identified five key frames: economy and industry, public opinion, fairness and conflict, consequences and responsibility. The fairness and conflict frame recorded the largest number of tweets, and was noteworthy for its negative sentiment. It also had the highest retweet rate and the densest network in terms of average users per community. The responsibility frame was interesting for its positive sentiment, and perhaps the opportunity for aviation stakeholders to contribute proactively to the conversations by sharing climate action success stories. Given the importance of public opinion (voters and consumers), and the link between media activity and policy decisions, the ongoing monitoring of issue salience, frames and peer groups related to flying and climate change seems beneficial. • Machine learning approach to monitoring social media discussions on aviation and climate change. •Aviation is a salient topic within climate change discussions on Twitter. •There are pronounced peaks in salience, often in association with key events. •Five frames have been identified from the aviation climate change social media activity. •The fairness and conflict frame is most prominent and negative and requires stakeholder attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morphine has been suggested to affect cancer cell dynamics and decrease survival rates in lung cancer patients at specific doses, but the precise mechanisms poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which morphine modulates the malignant characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer. Cell proliferation was assessed via the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and cell migration and invasion were examined via wound healing and Transwell assays. We employed immunofluorescence staining to evaluate E-cadherin expression in A549 and Lewis lung cancer (LLC) cell lines and immunohistochemistry to evaluate E-cadherin expression in nude mice tumours. Additionally, the in vivo effects of morphine on lung cancer progression were explored in a xenograft tumour experiments, in which naloxone was used as a morphine antagonist. Western blot analysis was performed to detect E-cadherin, phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR), mTOR, phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT), AKT, phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K), and PI3K protein levels in A549 and LLC cells as well as in tumour samples. Morphine (10 µM) significantly increased the proliferation of A549 and LLC cells in vitro (p < 0.05). It also enhanced the migratory and invasive capacities of these cell lines (p < 0.01). Mechanistically, morphine treatment (10 µM) led to a reduction in the expression of E-cadherin, and an increase in the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, and mTOR in A549 and LLC cells (p < 0.01). Morphine treatment (1.5 mg/kg) also reduced E-cadherin expression in xenograft tumours and promoted tumour growth in vivo (p < 0.05). This effect was reversed by naloxone (0.1 mg/kg). The results demonstrated that morphine stimulates the malignant proliferation of A549 and LLC cell lines and promotes xenograft tumour growth. Perhaps by specifically targeting MOR, morphine triggers a signalling cascade that activates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway while inhibiting the EMT marker E-cadherin, which may consequently promote the progression of lung cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chitinase-3 like-protein-1 (CHI3L1) is a member of the mammalian chitinase-like proteins and elevated serum CHI3L1 level has been proved to be associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum CHI3L1 levels and body composition parameters in patients with HCC after liver transplantation (LT). Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 200 patients after LT for HCC. Blood samples were collected and serum concentrations of CHI3L1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Computer tomography (CT) were used to estimate skeletal muscle and adipose tissue mass. Spearman's rank correlation test was performed to assess associations between serum CHI3L1 levels and these body composition parameters. A Cox proportional-hazards regression model was performed to identify independent prognostic factors. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) curves were constructed using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. Results: Total 71 patients (35.5%) were diagnosed with myosteatosis according to skeletal muscle radiation attenuation (SMRA). The 5-year OS rates were 66.9% in non-myosteatosis group, significantly higher than 49.5% in myosteatosis group (p = 0.025), while the RFS of myosteatosis group (5-year RFS: 52.6%) or non-myosteatosis group (5-year RFS: 42.0%) shown no significant difference (p = 0.068). The serum CHI3L1 level were significantly negative correlated with SMRA (r = -0.3, p < 0.001). Interestingly, in patients with myosteatosis, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that elevated serum CHI3L1 levels were associated with worse OS (p < 0.001) and RFS (p = 0.047). However, in patients without myosteatosis, Kaplan-Meier analysis found elevated serum CHI3L1 levels were not associated with OS (p = 0.070) or RFS (p = 0.104). Conclusions: Elevated CHI3L1 was negatively correlated with SMRA, and predicted poorer prognosis in Chinese population after LT for HCC, especially in those patients with concomitant myosteatosis. Monitoring serum CHI3L1 can predict prognosis and effectively guide individual nutrition intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The prognosis and efficacy of laparoscopic surgery (LPS) and open surgery or robotic surgery (RS) on endometrial carcinoma (EC) patients were compared. Methods. Data as of May 2021 were retrieved from databases like PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The study involved randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, or case-control studies for comparing the effects of LPS and open surgery or robotic surgery (RS) on EC treatment. The primary outcomes included duration of operation, blood loss, length of stay (LOS), postoperative complications, and recurrence rate. Secondary outcomes included 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate/disease-free survival (DFS) rate and 3-year overall survival (OS) rate. Results. A total of 24 studies were involved, and all of them were cohort studies except 1 RCT and 1 case-control study. There was no significant difference in duration of operation between LPS and open surgery (MD = − 0.06 , 95% CI: -0.37 to 0.25) or RS (MD = − 0.15 , 95% CI: -1.27 to 0.96). In comparison with the open surgery, LPS remarkably reduced blood loss (MD = − 0.43 , 95% CI: -0.58 to -0.29), LOS (MD = − 0.71 , 95% CI: -0.92 to -0.50), and the complication occurrence rate (RR = 0.83 , 95% CI: 0.73 to 0.95). However, LPS and RS saw no difference in blood loss (MD = 0.01 , 95% CI: -0.77 to 0.79). Besides, in comparison with RS, LPS prominently shortened the LOS (MD = 0.26 , 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.40) but increased the complication occurrence rate (RR = 1.74 , 95% CI: 1.57 to 1.92). In contrast to open surgery or RS, LPS saw no difference in occurrence rate (RR = 0.75 , 95% CI: 0.56 to 1.01; RR = 0.97 , 95% CI: 0.62 to 1.53), 3-year PFS/DFS (RR = 0.99 , 95% CI: 0.90 to 1.09; RR = 1.30 , 95% CI: 0.87 to 1.96), and 3-year OS (RR = 0.97 , 95% CI: 0.91 to 1.04; RR = 1.21 , 95% CI: 0.91 to 1.60). Conclusion. In sum, LPS was better than open surgery, which manifested in the aspects of less blood loss, shorter LOS, and fewer complications. LPS, therefore, was the most suitable option for EC patients. Nevertheless, LPS had no advantage over RS, and sufficient prospective RCTs are needed to further confirm its strengths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel Cu atom clusters/PtCu alloy nanocubes coloaded on nitrogen-rich triazole-based C 3 N 5 with dipole field was successfully constructed to achieve a record-high performance with H 2 formation rate through the synergistic effect between Cu atom clusters, PtCu alloy and C 3 N 5. [Display omitted] Utilizing spontaneous polarization field to harness charge transfer kinetics is a promising strategy to boost photocatalytic performance. Herein, a novel Cu atom clusters/PtCu alloy nanocubes coloaded on nitrogen-rich triazole-based C 3 N 5 (PtCu-C 3 N 5) with dipole field was constructed through facile photo-deposition and impregnation method. The dipole field-drive spontaneous polarization in C 3 N 5 acts as a charge-transfer bridge to promote directional electron migration from C 3 N 5 to Cu atom clusters/PtCu alloy. Through the synergistic effects between Cu atom clusters, PtCu alloy and dipole field in C 3 N 5 , the optimized Pt 2 Cu 3 -C 3 N 5 achieved a record-high performance with H 2 formation rate of 4090.4 μmol g−1 h−1 under visible light, about 154.4-fold increase compared with pristine C 3 N 5 (26.5 μmol g−1 h−1). Moreover, the apparent quantum efficiency was up to 25.33 % at 320 nm, which is greatly superior than most previous related-works. The directional charge transfer mechanism was analyzed in detail through various characterizations and DFT calculations. This work offers a novel pathway to construct high-efficiency multi-metal photocatalysts for solar energy conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Single-crystalline SnO2 nanorods with large aspect ratios have been synthesized in poly (ethylene glycol) 200 (PEG-200) medium. The products are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results indicate that the average diameter and length of the nanorods are 13nm and 550nm, respectively, presenting a mean aspect ratio of 42. These SnO2 nanorods show typical rutile phase and exhibit preferential growth along the [] direction. A proposed mechanism for the formation of SnO2 nanorods has also been discussed. In addition, photocatalytic activity study indicates that the as-prepared SnO2 nanorods present excellent photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB). When irradiated by a 300W high-pressure mercury lamp, the degradation of RhB reaches 100% within 45min. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The purpose of this study is to systematically analyze the development trend, research hotspots, and future development direction on the treatment of neuropathic pain (NP) with spinal cord stimulation through bibliometric method. We extracted the literature related to the treatment of NP with spinal cord stimulation from January 2004 to December 2023 from the Web of Science database. As a result, a total of 264 articles were retrieved. By analyzing the annual published articles, authors, countries, institutions, journals, co-cited literature, and keywords, we found that the count of publication in this field has been experiencing an overall growth, and the publications within the past 5 years accounted for 42% of the total output. Experts from the United States and the UK have made significant contributions in this field and established a stable collaborative team, initially establishing an international cooperation network. Pain is the frequently cited journal in this field. The study on spinal cord stimulation therapy for NP especially the study on spinal cord stimulation therapy for back surgery failure syndrome (FBSS) and its potential mechanisms are the research hotspots in this field, while the study on novel paradigms such as high-frequency spinal cord stimulation and spinal cord burst stimulation represents the future development directions. In short, spinal cord stimulation has been an effective treatment method for NP. The novel paradigms of spinal cord stimulation are the key point of future research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is considered to be a potential metal contaminant because of its toxicity and carcinogenicity. In this work, the surface charge density of nickel–iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH) is tuned through iron valence change to improve the performance in adsorption of Cr(VI). The addition of iron divalent in the precursor enhances the surface positivity and reducibility of Fe2+-NiFe LDH, resulting in a nearly 150% Cr(VI) maximum adsorption capacity improvement. The increase of hydroxyl groups and charge density on the surface of NiFe LDH is due to the topological chemical transition from Ni2+-Fe2+ LDH to Ni2+-Fe3+ LDH. The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto Fe2+-NiFe LDH prepared via topochemical approach is highly pH-dependent. The adsorption dynamics and isotherms results may be clearly elucidated by the pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model. Electrostatic attraction, interlayer anion exchange and adsorption-coupled reduction are proven to be the main Cr(VI) removal mechanisms for Fe2+-NiFe LDH. This finding demonstrates that Fe2+-NiFe LDH adsorbents have potential application for efficient removal of Cr(VI) pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a predominant subtype of esophageal cancer (EC) and has a poor prognosis due to its aggressive nature. Accordingly, it is necessary to find novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ESCC. Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1) plays a core role in the regulation of ESCC oncogenesis. However, the detailed mechanism of LSD1-regulated ESCC growth has not been elucidated. This study aims to explore molecular mechanism underlying the LSD1-regulated ESCC's oncogenesis. After LSD1 silencing, we detected differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in human ESCC cell line, TE-1, by transcriptome sequencing. Subsequently, we investigated expression pattern of the selected molecules in the ESCC tissues and cell lines by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Furthermore, we explored the roles of selected molecules in ESCC using gene silencing and overexpression assays. Transcriptome sequencing showed that the expression of dual specificity phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) in TE-1 was significantly attenuated after the LSD1 silencing. In addition, the DUSP4 mRNA expression level was significantly higher in the ESCC tissues, especially in those derived from patients with invasion or metastasis. Moreover, the DUSP4 expression was positively associated with the LSD1 expression in the ESCC tissues. DUSP4 overexpression promoted proliferation, invasion, and migration of the ESCC cells, while DUSP4 silencing had an opposite effect. DUSP4 overexpression also enhanced tumorigenicity of the ESCC cells in vivo, while DUSP4 silencing inhibited tumor growth. Importantly, inhibition of cell proliferation, invasion, and migration by the LSD1 inhibitor (ZY0511) was reversed by DUSP4 overexpression. Conclusively, we found that LSD1 promotes ESCC's oncogenesis by upregulating DUSP4, the potential therapeutic and diagnostic target in ESCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) is a prevalent metabolic disorder observed in egg-laying hens, characterized by fatty deposits and cellular steatosis in the liver. Our preliminary investigations have revealed a marked decrease in the concentration of butyric acid in the FLHS strain of laying hens. It has been established that sodium butyrate (NaB) protects against metabolic disorders. However, the underlying mechanism by which butyrate modulates hepato-lipid metabolism to a great extent remains unexplored. In this study, we constructed an isolated in vitro model of chicken primary hepatocytes to induce hepatic steatosis by free fatty acids (FFA). Our results demonstrate that treatment with NaB effectively mitigated FFA-induced hepatic steatosis in chicken hepatocytes by inhibiting lipid accumulation, downregulating the mRNA expression of lipo-synthesis-related genes (sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 ( SREBF1 ), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1( ACC1 ), fatty acid synthase ( FASN ), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 ( SCD1 ), liver X receptor α ( LXRα ), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase ( HMGR )) (P < 0.05), and upregulating the mRNA and protein expression of AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), and carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1A (CPT1A) (P < 0.05). Moreover, AMPK and PPARα inhibitors (Compound C (Comp C) and GW6471, respectively) reversed the protective effects of NaB against FFA-induced hepatic steatosis by blocking the AMPK/PPARα pathway, leading to lipid droplet accumulation and triglyceride (TG) contents in chicken primary hepatocytes. With these findings, NaB can alleviate hepatocyte lipoatrophy injury by activating the AMPK/PPARα pathway, promoting fatty acid oxidation, and reducing lipid synthesis in chicken hepatocytes, potentially being able to provide new ideas for the treatment of FLHS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At specified Reynolds numbers Re = ρ v c / μ = 5 × 10 5 , this study investigates the power-extraction regime of a flapping-foil turbine executing a figure-eight trajectory. This study thoroughly explored the impacts of trajectory shape, heave and pitch amplitudes, phase difference, and pitch axis location on the power-extraction regime of a flapping turbine. A figure-eight trajectory substantially bolsters the energy harvesting capacity, achieving a peak efficiency of up to 50%. This trajectory capitalizes on the energy generated from the drag encountered by the flapping foil, thereby marking a significant efficiency breakthrough. This could denote a considerable progression for flapping foils tailored for heave and pitch motions since the free stream can be optimally harnessed by the trajectory we have established. In scenarios where the flapping foil undergoes the same maximum effective angle of attack, a wake diffusion spectrum aligns with the Betz limit threshold. Crucially, the closeness to this efficiency frontier suggests a universal maximum effective angle of attack—a consistent law that remains valid for the conventional flapping turbine design. It implies that selections for stroke and pitch amplitudes should be methodical rather than arbitrary. In addition, the positioning of the pitch axis ought to be modified in tandem with phase difference adjustments to bolster the synchronization between heaving motions and resultant lift. The ideal phase difference is variable, contingent on pitch amplitude and pitch axis position. Even with low pitch amplitudes, fine-tuning the phase difference guarantees that the energy harvesting efficiency does not fall below 30%. Such an enhancement would significantly broaden the operational envelope and the parameter space for flapping turbines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the growth of smartphone usage the number of social media posts has significantly increased and represents potentially valuable information for management, including of natural resources and the environment. Already, evidence of using ‘human sensor’ in crises management suggests that collective knowledge could be used to complement traditional monitoring. This research uses Twitter data posted from the Great Barrier Reef region, Australia, to assess whether the extent and type of data could be used to Great Barrier Reef organisations as part of their monitoring program. The analysis reveals that large amounts of tweets, covering the geographic area of interest, are available and that the pool of information providers is greatly enhanced by the large number of tourists to this region. A keyword and sentiment analysis demonstrates the usefulness of the Twitter data, but also highlights that the actual number of Reef-related tweets is comparatively small and lacks specificity. Suggestions for further steps towards the development of an integrative data platform that incorporates social media are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The movement of tourists has important economic and social implications for destination management. However, tracking and analyzing such movement can be a challenge both conceptually and methodologically. Using four different sequential pattern mining algorithms, this study investigates the movement of international visitors during the Gold Coast Commonwealth Games (GC2018) at the level of a specific destination through Twitter data. Results indicate that sequential pattern mining is a powerful technique to reveal complex travel patterns and provides insights into the potential associated destinations of visitors beyond the current point-to-point analysis. This approach can assist destination management and event organizers in identifying the event's contribution to tourists' local visitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Equipment in a long-term marine atmosphere environment is prone to corrosion failure. Natural field exposure tests usually require a long time to obtain corrosion information. This study worked out a laboratory-accelerated corrosion test method that has a strong correlation with the natural environment test in Wanning, Hainan, and can be used as the basis for life assessment and the prediction of two high-strength stainless-steel materials. The mathematical model of corrosion weight loss of two high-strength stainless steels (3Cr13 and 00Cr12Ni10MoTi) was established by a field exposure test and a laboratory-accelerated corrosion test. Then, the correlation between the field exposure test and the laboratory-accelerated corrosion test was evaluated using qualitative and quantitative methods, and the acceleration ratio was calculated using the accelerated switching factor (ASF) method. The results show that: (1) The corrosion morphology of the two stainless steels after 15 days of laboratory-accelerated corrosion testing is similar to that obtained after two years of field exposure. (2) The value of gray correlation between the laboratory-accelerated corrosion test and the field exposure test is not less than 0.75. (3) The acceleration ratio of both stainless steels increases with the corrosion test time in the laboratory. The corrosion prediction models for the two stainless steels are T3Cr13 = 6.234 t1.634 and T00Cr12Ni10MoTi = 55.693 t1.322, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study tracked and recorded the weight changes of 13 captive Sunda pangolin cubs from lactation to maturity to explored the appropriate weaning time and reveal the rules of its weight growth. SPSS 25.0 was used to build a cubic equation model to fit the body weight change rules of 4 individuals who nonvoluntarily ingested artificial feed (NIAF) at 127 days after birth and 5 individuals who voluntarily ingested artificial feed (VIAF) at 86–108 days after birth. The body weight of NIAF cubs aged 0–120 days and VIAF cubs aged 0–150 days were estimated according to the fitting model. An independent sample T-test was performed on the mean body weight of the two groups during the late lactation period. The results showed that at 105 days after birth, the body weight of the VIAF group was significantly higher than that of the NIAF group (P = 0.049), and the body weight of the VIAF group was extremely significantly higher than that of the NIAF group at 114 days (P = 0.008); The peak cumulative body weight of the NIAF cubs during lactation appeared around 130 days of age (n = 3); The mortality rate was 66.7% (n = 3) after about 150 days if the feed was continuously consumed nonvoluntarily. It was concluded that the milk secretion period of the mother is about 0–5 months after giving birth; the weaning period of the cubs should be 4–5 months after birth. If the cubs don't follow the mother to eat artificial feed for 3 months after birth, it can start be induced with artificial diet which adds termites, and the time point cannot be later than 130 days, otherwise it is not conducive to the survival of the cubs; When sexually mature, the body length and body weight of female cubs account for about 84% and 60% of the adult, respectively; the body maturity and body weight of female cubs tend to be stable about 15.3 months and 16.4 months, respectively. Finally, a special needle-shaped nipples and nursing patterns of female Sunda pangolins were also recorded in this study. These findings play an important role in guiding the nursing of captive Sunda pangolin cubs and other pangolin cubs. It is expected to improve the survival rate of the cubs by exploring the appropriate weaning time and the rules of weight growth. By scientifically planning the reproductive cycle of the female Sunda pangolins, our goal is to expand the population size and eventually release to the wild, meanwhile improving knowledge of this critically endangered species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smad-ubiquitination regulator 2 (SMURF2) functions as a homolog of E6AP carboxyl terminus-type E3 ubiquitin ligase to regulate cell cycle progression and tumor growth factor expression. SMURF2 has been revealed to function as a tumor suppressor in a number of cancers; however, its function in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the function of SMURF2 in PTC. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to detect cellular expression of SMURF2 in vitro. After increasing or inhibiting the expression of SMURF2, MTT was used to detect the effect on tumor cell proliferation and Transwell assays were used to detect the effect on tumor cell migration and invasion. Finally, ELISA was used to detect the effects on glucose and glutamine metabolism in tumor cells and the findings revealed that SMURF2 was downregulated in PTC tissues. Moreover, SMURF2 inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of PTC cells, and promoted their apoptosis. Finally, SMURF2 inhibited cell glycolysis and glutaminolysis and affected metabolism in the PTC cell line, TPC-1. Thus, the findings of the present study suggest that SMURF2 may be a potential target in the treatment of PTC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]