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206. Les forêts résineuses à fonction de protection dans les Alpes du Nord françaises : typologie générale des structures et méthode descriptive, analyse de la stabilité des peuplements et interventions sylvicoles

Author

Renaud, J.P., Rupe, C., Chauvin, C., Mermin, E., Leclerc, D., Fay, J., and Irstea Publications, Migration

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, CEMAGREF, ALPES DU NORD, ONF, STIR, PEGR
Abstract

Protection forests in the Northern Alps: general context, study of the structure of mountain softwood populations, appreciation of the mountain forest stability and silvicultural consequences., Les forêts de protection dans les Alpes du Nord : contexte général de l'étude ; étude de la structure des peuplements résineux de montagne ; appréciation de la stabilité des forêts de montagne et conséquences sylvicoles.

Published
1994

207. Stabilité et gestion des forêts de protection

Author

Chauvin, C., Renaud, J.P., Rupe, C., Leclerc, D., and Irstea Publications, Migration

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences
Abstract

Various Norway spruce stands located in northern french Alps and playing an important role of protection are described in detail. A typology of the structures of these stands is proposed, using vertical cover stratification, basal area and microstructure. The different types are grouped in five families. The sensitivity of the stands in front of the different hazards (snow, wind, no natural regeneration) depends on their familly. The clear irregular type appears to be the most stable of all. Specific silvicultural actions are proposed aiming at leading each type towards this ideal structure., L'analyse dans les Alpes françaises, de pessières irrégulières à fort rôle de protection a permis de caractériser divers types de structures des peuplements. La stratification verticale du couvert, la densité (en surface terrière), la micro-structure sont les entrées de cette typologie qui regroupe ces types en cinq familles suivant l'état de maturité des arbres ou des bouquets. Cette typologie permet un diagnostic de la stabilité vis-à-vis de divers facteurs d'agression (neige, vent, non renouvellement naturel). Le type "futaie irrégulière claire" apparaît alors comme le plus stable. Pour chaque type sont proposées des règles sylvicoles permettant de se rapprocher de cette structure.

Published
1994

213. Session 43: Reproductive Surgery: Female & Male

Author

Suster Kenda, N., primary, Gergolet, M., additional, Yazbeck, C., additional, Chauvin, C., additional, Oger, P., additional, Kahn, V., additional, Gout, C., additional, Koskas, M., additional, Rougier, N., additional, Iwase, A., additional, Hirokawa, W., additional, Goto, M., additional, Nagatomo, Y., additional, Bayasula, B., additional, Kobayashi, H., additional, Nakahara, T., additional, Takikawa, S., additional, Manabe, S., additional, Kikkawa, F., additional, Colpi, G. M., additional, Castiglioni, M., additional, Vaccalluzzo, L., additional, Sulpizio, P., additional, Colpi, E. M., additional, Giacchetta, D., additional, Tesoriere, G., additional, Gazzano, G., additional, Rabanal, A., additional, Prieto, B., additional, Matorras, R., additional, Urquijo, E., additional, Diez, S., additional, Brouard, I., additional, and Astorquiza, T. M. -, additional

Published
2010
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224. Activation of myc gene family in human lung carcinomas and during heterotransplantation into nude mice

Author

gazzeri, sylvie, Brambilla, E, Jacrot, M, Chauvin, C., Benabid, A, Brambilla, C, gazzeri, sylvie, INSERM U1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Centre de Recherches en Psychologie Cognition et Communication (CRPCC EA 1285), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-MEN : EA1285-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)

Subjects
Gene Rearrangement, Transcriptional Activation, Lung Neoplasms, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Carcinoma, Transplantation, Heterologous, Genes, myc, Mice, Nude, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, DNA, Neoplasm, Blotting, Northern, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Mice, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Lymphatic Metastasis, Multigene Family, Animals, Humans, RNA, Neoplasm, Carcinoma, Small Cell, [SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology
Abstract

International audience; myc gene family activation (c-myc, L-myc, and N-myc) was examined in 26 human lung carcinomas and in their corresponding xenografts in nude mice. Of the 16 neuroendocrine (NE) carcinomas studied, amplification was observed in 4 with a c-myc probe and in 1 with both L- and N-myc probes. Overexpression was found in 1 of 7 cases studied for c-myc mRNA, in 1 of 7 cases for N-myc, and in 2 of 7 cases for L-myc. Of the 10 non-small cell lung carcinomas studied, only c-myc was amplified in 1 case and overexpressed in 5 of 7 cases. These results suggest that L- and N-myc gene activation are restricted to NE carcinomas. Over-expression of the myc gene without amplification was detected in 36% of cases. During heterotransplantation, there was a 27% change in myc gene abnormality and a 57% increase in myc expression levels, mostly in NE carcinomas (5 of 7; 71%). In a total of 42 xenografted lung carcinomas studied, 45% amplification and 77% overexpression of one of the myc genes were detected with a high prevalence of L-myc overexpression in NE carcinomas (50%) and of c-myc overexpression in non-small cell lung carcinomas (66%). Finally, 19 of 26 (73%) tumors are growing in nude mice with no myc gene amplification and 43% with no myc mRNA overexpression. Thus myc gene activation is not strictly required for heterotransplantation but seems to be a favorable factor in the maintenance and progression of lung carcinomas in vivo.

Published
1991

237. AN APPLICATION OF THE EMISSIVE LAYER TECHNIQUE TO TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT BY INFRARED OPTICAL PYROMETER.

Author

Chauvin, C., Petit, J., and Sinatti, F.

Subjects
*INFRARED radiation, *OPTICAL pyrometers, *EMISSIVITY, *TEMPERATURE effect, *APPROXIMATION theory
Abstract

To achieve accurate low temperature measurement of a material under shock-loading, we performe a series of experiments of shocked Pb and Cu targets partially released thanks to the use of a LiF anvil. In order to reduce uncertainties of the true interface temperature due to the lack of knowledge of emissivity, a method consists in artificially increasing the dynamic emissivity of the material up to an apparent value of approximately 0.85 by the use of an emissive layer. The detected radiance is then amplified and the range of dynamic emissivity is restricted. Promising results at material/LiF interface at about 8 GPa obtained with an emissive layer of ReSi2 indicate that the mechanical, thermal and optical properties of this layer can be characterized and the temperature of the material can be deduced. This paper examines different parameters (nature of the material, layer thickness) potentially influencing the measured radiances at this complex interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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240. ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT AT LEAD/LiF INTERFACE UNDER SHOCK WAVE COMPRESSION.

Author

Chauvin, C., Hereil, P. L., and Sinatti, F.

Subjects
*MECHANICAL shock, *EQUATIONS of state, *CONDENSED matter, *SHOCK waves, *TEMPERATURE measurements
Abstract

Temperature is a fundamental parameter to validate the equation of state. A high-speed three-wavelength pyrometer has been improved at CEG to perform measurements at low temperature (<500 K) at the interface of a lead target and a LiF window at about 8 GPa. Besides, to reduce uncertainties of true temperature of this interface, the use of an emissive layer allows us to increase the emissivity of the shocked surface. The emissivity of the shocked interface is thereby restricted in the 0.9 and 1 range and improves the accuracy of the temperature measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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