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Recent evidence suggests people experience biases against those with facial anomalies. Although biasing effects have been reported in the literature for both explicit and implicit attitudes, implicit biases have been shown to be particularly robust. The effects of such biases on behavior, however, are poorly understood. It is unknown, for instance, whether implicit bias modulates visual attention paid to facial anomalies and, if observed, whether such effects are attenuated following surgical correction. Furthermore, psychological dispositions like empathy and disgust sensitivity have been hypothesized to shape bias, although additional empirical work is necessary to test these hypotheses.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Ultimate frisbee field and defensive strategy. An overhead view of an ultimate frisbee field with endzones at top and bottom, sidelines on the left and right (marked HOME and AWAY). The offensive team (blue dots) possesses the disc (yellow dot), while the defensive team (red dots) attempts to stop them from throwing and catching to each other. The defensive team does so by forcing the thrower to throw to one side of the field (the Open Lane, in green) and preventing the thrower from throwing to the other side (blocked by marker, in red). To communicate about the force, the defense could either specify which sideline to force the offense to throw to (force AWAY in this case) or they could call the force based on the throw a right-handed thrower would need to make (force FOREHAND in this case). Image courtesy of ultimatefrisbeeHQ.com.