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Almost all selenogenes are expressed in the testis, and those have the highest and constant expressions will be the primary candidates for functional analysis of selenium (Se) in male reproduction. This study aimed to profile the mRNA expressions of the testis-abundant selenogenes of rat models in responses to growth and dietary Se concentrations. Forty-eight weaning SD male rats were fed Se deficient basal diet (BD) for 5 weeks and then randomly grouped (n = 12/group) for being fed BD or BD plus 0.25, 3, or 5 mg Se/kg for 4 more weeks before sacrifice. Abundances of selenogenomic mRNAs in the liver and testis were determined with relative qPCR and those of the testis-abundant selenogenes in 13 kinds of tissues were assayed with a molecular beacon-based qPCR. Spatiotemporal expressions of rat selenogenome were also analyzed with the RNA-Seq transcriptomic data published by NCBI. mRNA abundances of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4), nuclear Gpx4 (nGpx4), selenoprotein V (Selenov), and thioredoxin reductase 3 (Txnrd3) in the testis were significantly higher than that in any other tissues (P 0.05). Moreover, testicular mRNA abundances of Gpx4, Selenov, and Txnrd3 were not affected by levels of dietary Se supplementation (P 0.05), and much higher at 6-21 weeks old than at 2 and 104 weeks old (P 0.05). The result showed that Gpx4, Selenov, and Txnrd3 were most highly expressed in the testis of rats especially at reproductive ages and resistant to the impact of dietary Se levels, which suggested their specific importance in male reproduction.

We report enzyme-powered upconversion-nanoparticle-functionalized Janus micromotors, which are prepared by immobilizing uricase asymmetrically onto the surface of silicon particles, to actively and rapidly detect uric acid. The asymmetric distribution of uricase on silicon particles allows the Janus micromotors to display efficient motion in urine under the propulsion of biocatalytic decomposition of uric acid and simultaneously detect uric acid based on the luminescence quenching effect of the UCNPs modified on the other side of SiO

Postoperative pain (POP) can promote tumor recurrence and reduce the cancer patient's quality of life. However, POP management has always been separated from tumor treatment in clinical practice, and traditional postoperative analgesia using opioids is still unsatisfactory for patients, which is not conducive to tumor treatment. Here, ropivacaine, a popular amide-type LA, was introduced into a Pluronic F127 hydrogel. Postoperative analgesia with ropivacaine-loaded hydrogels reduced the incidence of high-dose ropivacaine-induced convulsions and prolonged pain relief for more than 16 h. More interestingly, ropivacaine-loaded hydrogel was found to upregulate major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) in tumor cells by impairing autophagy. Therefore, a hydrogel co-dopped with ropivacaine and TLR7 agonist imiquimod (PFRM) was rationally synthesized. After postoperative analgesia with PFRM, imiquimod primes tumor-specific CD8+T cells through promoting DCs maturation, and ropivacaine facilitates tumor cells recognition by primed CD8+T cells through upregulating MHC-I. Consequently, postoperative analgesia with PFRM maximumly increases CD8+T cells infiltration into residual tumor tissue and prevents tumor recurrence. Overall, this study for the first time provides an LA-based approach for simultaneous long-lasting postoperative analgesia and prevention of tumor recurrence.

IntroductionThe endometrial microbiota plays an essential role in the health of the female reproductive system. However, the interactions between the microbes in the endometrium and their effects on adenomyosis remain obscure.Materials and methodsWe profile endometrial samples from 38 women with (n=21) or without (n=17) adenomyosis to characterize the composition of the microbial community and its potential function in adenomyosis using 5R 16S rRNA gene sequencing.ResultsThe microbiota profiles of patients with adenomyosis were different from the control group without adenomyosis. Furthermore, analysis identified Lactobacillus zeae, Burkholderia cepacia, Weissella confusa, Prevotella copri, and Citrobacter freundii as potential biomarkers for adenomyosis. In addition, Citrobacter freundii, Prevotella copri, and Burkholderia cepacia had the most significant diagnostic value for adenomyosis. PICRUSt results identified 30 differentially regulated pathways between the two groups of patients. In particular, we found that protein export, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism were upregulated in adenomyosis. Our results clarify the relationship between the endometrial microbiota and adenomyosis.DiscussionThe endometrial microbiota of adenomyosis exhibits a unique structure and Citrobacter freundii, Prevotella copri, and Burkholderia cepacia were identified as potential pathogenic microorganisms associated with adenomyosis. Our findings suggest that changes in the endometrial microbiota of patients with adenomyosis are of potential value for determining the occurrence, progression, early of diagnosis, and treatment oadenomyosis.

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the causative agent of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), which is endangering human health worldwide, especially in Africa, Europe, the United States, and parts of Asia. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of KSHV in Xinjiang. Three KSHV recombinant proteins (ORF65, ORF73, and K8.1) were used to detect KSHV infection. The serum samples to be tested were detected by an indirect ELISA method. The overall infection rate of KSHV in Xinjiang was 25.60%, with a higher infection rate in the Uygur population of 29.79%. After adjusting for possible confounders, Uygur (OR = 3.95, 95% CI 2.64–6.12, P < 0.001 ), agriculture and livestock (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.20–2.17, P = 0.002), age ≤ 50 years (OR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.13–2.00, P = 0.006), and predominantly meat-based diet (OR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.11–2.78, P = 0.018) were significantly associated with the odds of KSHV seropositivity correlation. Three unique sequences of KSHV were obtained in this study; genotypic analysis showed that the three unique sequences were all subtype A2.

Chang Zhou,1,&ast; Rui Kang,2,&ast; Shu Liang,1 Teng Fei,2 Yiping Li,1 Ling Su,1 Ling Li,1 Li Ye,1 Yan Zhang,1 Dan Yuan1 1Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Dan Yuan Email ydtv1130@163.comBackground: Sichuan Province, in the interior of Southwest China, is the most severe HIV-affected area in China. Few data are currently available for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) with virological failure of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Estimating the HIV-1 drug-resistant spread influencing factors and transmission patterns of the HIV-1 epidemic of PLWH with ART virological failure are critical in Sichuan.Methods: We evaluated the drug-resistant transmission patterns on 5790 PLWH in 2018 with identified pol sequences of the five main HIV-1 subtypes (ie, subtype B, CRF08_BC, CRF85_BC, CRF07_BC, and CRF01_AE) in Sichuan Province, China. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore potential influencing factors of the spread of drug resistance (DR) clustering in the genetic transmission network. Spatial analyses were applied to demonstrate drug-resistant spatial clustering patterns of spatial connections of HIV-1 intercity transmission. Genetic transmission networks were performed by comparing sequences, calculating the pairwise distance, and visualizing the network.Results: There were identified 452 transmission clusters containing 2159 of 5790 patients (37.29%) in the HIV-1 genetic transmission networks. Some clinical and demographic factors (eg, route of transmission, subtype) determined the DR clustering in the genetic transmission networks. The high drug-resistant clustering rates were mainly distributed in the Southern and Northeast of Sichuan Province (eg, Deyang, Neijiang), especially for CRF85_BC, which showed the highest clustering rate. Some cities had with strong intracity links (eg, Yibin, Neijiang), some cities had with strong transmission links with another city (eg, Ziyang and Guangyuan), 12 of 37 drug resistance mutation sites had a significant difference in the five subtypes (P < 0.001).Conclusion: Our findings revealed the HIV-1 drug-resistant spread influencing factors and transmission patterns of PLWH with ART virological failure, which showed regions with high drug-resistant transmission of PLWH may not be a match for regions with severe epidemics in Sichuan, and it provided evidence-based to drug-resistant transmission targeting interventions.Keywords: HIV-1, antiretroviral resistance, transmitted drug resistance, spatial analyses

Object detection algorithms based on deep learning are widely used in industrial detection.The RetinaNet algorithm has attracted much attention because of its advantages in both speed and accuracy.However,for small objects smaller than 32*32 pixels,the detection accuracy of this algorithm cannot meet the requirements of industrial detection.To this end,this article takes the enhancement of small object training as the basic idea,and makes the following improvements to the RetinaNet algorithm:in the sampling phase,the low-level feature map P2 is added to the FPN to ensure that the small object can be fully sampled,and adaptive training sample selection(ATSS) strategy is introduced to ensure that the detection speed is still fast enough after the feature layer is increased;the loss weight adjustment strategy is adopted in the later training stage to improve the fit of difficult samples in small objects.For the public data set MS COCO 2017 and the LED dispensing industrial data set in practical applications,the detection accuracy of this method for objects smaller than 32*32 increases by 4.1% and 10.7%,respectively,indicating that this method can significantly improve the detection ability of small objects.

Space dynamic communication base stations are characterized by high mobility, flexible deployment and wide coverage. It has a wide range of needs in the fields of emergency communication, earthquake relief and island communication. To solve the problem of a limited number of users due to the limited bandwidth of space base stations, so we should improve the reliability and efficiency of data transmission between space mobile base stations. According to the characteristics of the airship platform, a blimp-borne laser communication terminal applied to space dynamic base stations is designed to meet the demand for bi-directional transmission of 5G signal laser carriers in space between airships. The experimental results show that the blimp-borne laser communication terminal achieves an overall technical index of capture probability is better than 98%, the average capture time is 5s, the tracking accuracy is better than 6–15 μrad, the communication rate is 2.5 Gbps and BER is 1E-7. In order to realize the real-time evaluation of the performance of laser communication system under the turbulent channel and guide the research of anti-turbulence fading method, a real-time test method of communication channel turbulence characteristics based on the principle of light intensity scintillation is proposed. And the real-time test of turbulence characteristics of airship inclined link and the horizontal link is completed. The research results play a positive role in promoting the development of 5G mobile technology and space optical communication technology.

The wide disparity in outcomes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment from preclinical to clinical studies suggests an urgent need for more effective therapeutic targets and approaches to treat AD. CaMKII is a potential target for AD therapy; however, conflicting reports on the relationship between CaMKII and AD suggest a lack of deeper understanding of the interaction between CaMKII and AD. In addition to the lack of effective therapeutic targets, pharmacokinetic limitations of neuroprotective drugs, such as low lipophilicity to cross blood brain barrier, need to be urgently addressed in the practice of AD therapy. In this study, we prepared a carbon-based nanoparticle, Nano C60, and demonstrated that Nano C60 treatment promoted the translocation of phosphorylated CaMKIIα from the cytoplasm to the synapse in Aβ42 oligomers-treated cells and APP/PS1 mice. As a result, Nano C60 administration significantly improved spatial learning and memory in APP/PS1 mice. Our study suggests that synaptic-activated CaMKII may be more important than total CaMKII in AD treatment and provides a new strategy for AD therapy.

Many researchers have introduced blockchain into the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) to support trading or other authentication applications between vehicles. However, the traditional blockchain cannot well support the query of transactions that occur in a specified area which is important for vehicle users since they are bound to the geolocations. Therefore, the querying efficiency of the geolocation attribute of transactions is vital for blockchain-based applications. Existing work does not well handle the geolocation of vehicles in the blockchain, and thus the querying efficiency is questionable. In this paper, we design a rapid query method of regional transactions in blockchain for IoV, including data structures and query algorithms. The main idea is to utilize the Geohash code to represent the area and serve as the key for transaction indexing and querying, and the geolocation is marked as one of the attributes of transactions in the blockchain. To further verify and evaluate the proposed design, on the basis of the implementation of Ethereum, which is a well-known blockchain, the results show that the proposed design achieves significantly better-querying speed than Ethereum.

Chloramphenicol (CAP) has long been used extensively in agriculture and is severely toxic to the biological environment. Microwave catalysis appears a promising method for soil remediation due to its fast and effective heat transfer, but it is challenging to prepare catalysts with good electromagnetic wave absorption and robust catalytic activity. In this study, atomically dispersed Fe on three-dimensional N-doped carbon supports (3D Fe-NC) is firstly used for microwave remediation of soil. Thanks to the synergistic effect of microwave "hot spots" and reactive oxygen species (•OH, •O

Background Organ-preserving pancreatic resection has drawn more and more attention in the recent decades. This bibliometric analysis aimed to analyze the relevant articles to investigate the development trend and research distribution of this discipline. Methods Based on Web of Science database, the relevant terms of organ-preserving pancreatic resection were used to retrieve articles for bibliometric analysis. The relevant articles were retrieved and further analyzed by their publication journals, countries and institutions of origin, authors, and keywords. Results The 200 top-cited (T200) articles published from 2000 to 2022 were identified. These articles were published in 43 journals; among which Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery published the most articles (n = 30). The articles came from 25 countries, with Germany accounting for the plurality (n = 43). Of the 886 scholars contributed to the research, Buchler MW, from Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg in Germany, published the most articles (n = 17), with the total citations of 1158. Furthermore, Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Germany, published the largest number of articles in organ-preserving pancreatic resection (n = 16), with the total citations of 955. Among articles retrieved, newly burst keywords showed the development trend of further attention in perioperative care, functional convention, and international cooperation. Conclusion Our study analyzed articles in organ-preserving pancreatic resection in the 21st century. The study was expected to provide panoramic information and shed light on future studies.

Metabolism-related genes (MRGs) have been confirmed to play an important role in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We obtained 88 differentially expressed MRGs according to ROC analysis. The prognostic risk score was then calculated based on 12 MRGs via LASSO regression, and patients were divided into high- and low-risk group. Furthermore, the survival prognostic value of this model was further confirmed in Kaplan–Meier and ROC analysis. Mutations in 12 MRGs were analyzed using cBioPortal. Further analysis showed that MRGs copy number variations (CNVs) in the model were correlated with immune checkpoints (LSECtin and PD-L1) and immune cells. Furthermore, this predictive model was found to be sensitive to immune infiltration and had good predictive value for the expression of immune checkpoints. In conclusion, an MRGs-based HCC prediction model for HCC was established and its effectiveness was verified.

Microplastics are widely distributed in the biogeochemical cycle driven by microbes. Their surface is enriched with unique microbial communities, called plastispheres. Various redox environments that exist widely in the natural environment can affect the microbial composition in the plastisphere and the fate of the microplastics. To explore the microbial community composition and construction mechanism on the surface of microplastics in typical redox environments, three microplastics, PHA (polyhydroxyalkanoates), PLA (polylactic acid), and PVC (polyvinyl chloride), were placed in five specific redox environments:aerobic, nitrate reduction, iron oxide reduction, sulfate reduction, and methane production. The culture experiment simulated the microcosm, which was inoculum by sludge. The results showed that microplastic factors affected 18.94% and 46.67% of the microbial communities on the plastisphere in taxonomy and phylogeny, respectively. Redox factors affected 31.04% and 90.00% of the microbial communities on the plastisphere in taxonomy and phylogeny, respectively. Compared with that in sludge, the microbial community richness and diversity were reduced on the three microplastics. The most apparent reduction was found on the plastisphere of more degradable PHA. At the same time, microbial communities on the refractory PLA and PVC surfaces remained similar.