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The recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is an effectual strategy for mitigating environmental and resource crises. Lithium iron phosphate batteries, renowned for their unique safety and stability, are widely utilized in energy storage systems and electric vehicles, consequently resulting in a growing number of spent LIBs. Herein, a one-pot mechanochemical process that integrates the recycling and preparation of LiFePO4 is proposed to drive the rapid regeneration of spent LiFePO4. Benefiting from the inherent characteristics of the input material, more than 98% of Li is selectively released, while less than 1.5% of Fe is leached without any impurity output. To this end, these reclaimed precursors in a ball mill can be directly re-used for the regeneration of LiFePO4 with an appropriate lithium source addition, eliminating the need to recover LiFePO4 with various degrees of lithium deficiency. As expected, the regenerated LiFePO4 delivers a discharge specific capacity of 143 mA h g−1 without negligible capacity fading after 250 cycles at 1 C, featuring significantly improved rate capability and long-term cycling stability. Designed with sustainable, integrated, and close-loop operation routes, this process pioneers a novel strategy to scale up the direct recycling for the LiFePO4 cathode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to realize the reading, parsing and display of the train record data, and to facilitate the data analysis and the later maintenance of the train control system, a data parsing tool for the onboard automatic train operation (ATO) system record board is developed. Based on the in-depth analysis of the requirement specifications, the specific functions of the parsing tool are clarified, and the general design idea of the software and the detailed design process of each function are given. Finally, the usage of the software is introduced to provide guidance for subsequent users. Meanwhile, the software functions are tested and verified based on the measured data. The test results show that the developed parsing tool can fully realize the designed functions and is easy to operate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of Beidou navigation satellite system, a large number of studies have been conducted on the application data transmission of Beidou short messages in areas with frequent geological disasters. How to analyze its safety has become the key to engineering application. In this paper, FMEA is used to provide an application data safety analysis method based on Beidou short messages. In order to ensure the correctness of data as the starting point, possible failure modes are analyzed, especially the risks caused by data changes. According to the failure mode, the corresponding risk mitigation measures are given to prevent or mitigate the risks. This will provide safety assistance for the wide application of Beidou short message in the future rail transit field to improve the overall safety of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Galangin is an important flavonoid with natural activity, that is abundant in galangal and propolis. Currently, various biological activities of galangin have been disclosed, including anti‐inflammation, antibacterial effect, anti‐oxidative stress and aging, anti‐fibrosis, and antihypertensive effect. Based on the above bioactivities, more and more attention has been paid to the role of galangin in neurodegenerative diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, skin diseases, and cancer. In this paper, the natural sources, pharmacokinetics, bioactivities, and therapeutic potential of galangin against various diseases were systematically reviewed by collecting and summarizing relevant literature. In addition, the molecular mechanism and new preparation of galangin in the treatment of related diseases are also discussed, to broaden the application prospect and provide reference for its clinical application. Furthermore, it should be noted that current toxicity and clinical studies of galangin are insufficient, and more evidence is needed to support its possibility as a functional food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of high‐performance cathode materials for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) is urgently needed. Among the potential cathode candidates, ternary layer oxide LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (LNCM) has attracted considerable attention due to its high voltage discharge, large theoretical specific capacity, stable chemical structure and low cost. However, Li+/Ni2+ cation mixing and low conductivity have resulted in poor long‐term cyclability, voltage drop and capacity degradation during high‐rate charging. To address these issues, a sol‐gel technique together with an annealing treatment was used to prepare LNCM with well‐defined structure and good morphology. The material obtained by heating the LNCM precursor at 850 °C for 12 h (LNCM‐850/12) exhibited an initial discharge specific capacity of 217.9 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C and maintained a high reversible capacity of 116.1 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles. The LNCM‐850/12 electrode also demonstrated superior rate capacity and exceptional cycling stability due to its well‐defined structure, low Li+/Ni2+ cation mixing and good morphology. These characteristics improve the electrical/ionic conductivity, reduce the charge transfer resistance and shorten the Li+ diffusion distance, ultimately accelerating the Li+ insertion and extraction. Overall, the careful control of calcination time in LNCM synthesis provides valuable insights for the development of advanced cathodes for LIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking abundant and sustainable solar energy as the only energy source, solar‐powered interface evaporation has been regarded as a promising method to alleviate the pressure of freshwater shortage. However, the uptake of clean water from brine is constantly accompanied by evaporation of water and condensation of vapor, which inevitably generates salt solid, preventing further continuous and stable evaporation. The most direct method is to fabricate a photothermal material with salt self‐resistance by using the reflux of salt ions. Here, a superhydrophilic interconnected biomass carbon absorber (SBCA) is prepared by freeze‐drying and carbonization, realizing strong liquid pumping, and self‐blocking salt. In combination with superior broadband light absorption (94.91%), high porosity (95.9%), superhydrophilicity, and excellent thermal localization, an evaporation device with excellent evaporation rate (2.45 kg m−2 h−1 under 1 kW m−2) is successfully proposed. In the meantime, the porous skeleton and rapid water transport can enhance the diffusion of salt ions and slow down the rate of salt deposition. As a result, no salt deposition is found on the SBCA surface after continuous irradiation at 1 kW m−2 for 15 h. The design can provide a convenient and low‐cost efficient strategy for solar steam generators to address clean water acquisition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]