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206. Les symbioses ectomycorhiziennes existaient il y a plus de 87,6 millions d'années

Author

Ducousso, Marc, Bourgeois, Caroline, Buyck, Bart, Eyssartier, Guillaume, Vincelette, Manon, Rabevohitra, Andrianasola Raymond, Béna, Gilles, Randrihasipara, Laurent, Dreyfus, Bernard, and Prin, Yves

Subjects
Mycorhizé, Phylogénie, Ectomycorhize, Symbiose, P34 - Biologie du sol, Paléontologie
Abstract

Les Dipterocarpaceae constituent, sur tout le continent asiatique, des formations forestières parmi les plus étendues du globe. Ces arbres dominent actuellement le marché mondial des bois tropicaux, et constituent une ressource essentielle de nombreux pays d'Asie du Sud Est. Ces arbres, généralement dominants dans les formations forestières, présentent la particularité, relativement rare dans les écosystèmes tropicaux, d'être ectomycorhiziens. Dans une analyse de phylogénie moléculaire récente, Dayanandan et al. (1999) ont montré que les Dipterocarpaceae partageaient avec les Sarcolaenaceae, une famille d'arbre endémique de Madagascar, un ancêtre commun, probablement d'origine gondwanienne. Ce serait donc via la migration du bloc indo-malgache, depuis l'Afrique jusqu'au continent asiatique, que se serait effectuée la colonisation des pays du bloc asiatique, les Dipterocarpaceae y rencontrant des conditions particulièrement favorables à leur expansion démographique. Nous avons réalisé une analyse du statut mycorhizien des Sarcolaenaceae malgaches et démontré par des outils histologiques et moléculaires la capacité de 2 genres (Sarcolaena et Leptolaena) à former avec plusieurs champignons des ectomycorhizes complètes (manteau et réseau de Hartig). On peut avancer l'hypothèse selon laquelle l'ancêtre commun aux Dipterocarpaceae et aux Sarcolaenaceae était lui-même ectomycorhizien, ce qui permet de situer l'existence des symbioses ectomycorhiziennes à une date antérieure à la séparation de l'Inde et de Madagascar, actuellement estimée à 87,6 millions d'années (Bossuyt & Milinkovitch, 2001). Jusqu'à présent, le plus ancien fossile ectomycorhizien connu est daté de 50 millions d'années (LePage et al., 1997). Ceci semble également indiquer que les symbioses ectomycorhiziennes ont pu se maintenir, au sein d'un écosystème donné, sur plus de 87 millions d'années (Hibbett et al., 2000). (Texte intégral)

Published
2003

208. Cantharellus fistulosus sp nov from Tanzania

Author

Tibuhwa, Donatha, Buyck, Bart, Kivaisi, Amelia, Tibell, Leif, Tibuhwa, Donatha, Buyck, Bart, Kivaisi, Amelia, and Tibell, Leif

Abstract

Cantharellus fistulosus sp. nov from Tanzania is described as a close relative to C. schmitzii from tropical miombo woodland dominated by tree species in Brachystegia, Julbernardia and Isoberlinia. The species is characterised by having a hollow, smooth stipe and a pink hymenium that contrasts with the yellowish brown stipe and cap surface.

Published
2008

209. Preserving Accuracy in GenBank

Author

Bruns, Thomas D., Blackwell, Meredith, Edwards, Ivan, Taylor, Andy F. S., Horton, Thomas, Zhang, Ning, Kõljalg, Urmas, May, Georgiana, Kuyper, Thomas W., Bever, James D., Gilbert, Gregory, Taylor, John W., DeSantis, Todd Z., Pringle, Anne, Borneman, James, Thorn, Greg, Berbee, Mary, Mueller, Gregory M., Andersen, Gary L., Vellinga, Else C., Branco, Sara, Anderson, Ian, Dickie, Ian A., Avis, Peter, Timonen, Sari, Kjøller, Rasmus, Lodge, D. J., Bateman, Richard M., Purvis, Andy, Crous, Pedro W., Hawkes, Christine, Barraclough, Tim, Burt, Austin, Nilsson, R. H., Larsson, Karl-Henrik, Alexander, Ian, Moncalvo, Jean-Marc, Berube, Jean, Spatafora, Joseph, Thorsten Lumbsch, H., Blair, Jaime E., Suh, Sung-Oui, Pfister, Donald H., Binder, Manfred, Boehm, Eric W., Kohn, Linda, Mata, Juan L., Dyer, Paul, Sung, Gi-Ho, Dentinger, Bryn, Simmons, Emory G., Baird, Richard E., Volk, Thomas J., Perry, Brian A., Kerrigan, Richard W., Campbell, Jinx, Rajesh, Jeewon, Reynolds, Don R., Geiser, David, Humber, Richard A., Hausmann, Natasha, Szaro, Tim, Stajich, Jason, Gathman, Allen, Peay, Kabir G., Henkel, Terry, Robinson, Clare H., Pukkila, Patricia J., Nguyen, Nhu H., Villalta, Christopher, Kennedy, Peter, Bergemann, Sarah, Catherine Aime, M., Kauff, Frank, Porras-Alfaro, Andrea, Gueidan, Cecile, Beck, Andreas, Andersen, Birgitte, Marek, Stephen, Crouch, Jo A., Kerrigan, Julia, Beagle Ristaino, Jean, Hodge, Kathie T., Kuldau, Gretchen, Samuels, Gary J., Raja, Huzefa A., Voglmayr, Hermann, Gardes, Monique, Janos, David P., Rogers, Jack D., Cannon, Paul, Woolfolk, Sandra W., Kistler, H. C., Castellano, Michael A., Maldonado-Ramírez, Sandra L., Kirk, Paul M., Farrar, James J., Osmundson, Todd, Currah, Randolph S., Vujanovic, Vladimir, Chen, Weidong, Korf, Richard P., Atallah, Zahi K., Harrison, Ken J., Guarro, Josep, Bates, Scott T., Enrico Bonello, Pierluigi, Bridge, Paul, Schell, Wiley, Rossi, Walter, Stenlid, Jan, Frisvad, Jens C., Miller, R. M., Baker, Scott E., Hallen, Heather E., Janso, Jeffrey E., Wilson, Andrew W., Conway, Kenneth E., Egerton-Warburton, Louise, Wang, Zheng, Eastburn, Darin, Ho, Wellcome W. Hong, Kroken, Scott, Stadler, Marc, Turgeon, Gillian, Lichtwardt, Robert W., Stewart, Elwin L., Wedin, Mats, Li, De-Wei, Uchida, Janice Y., Jumpponen, Ari, Deckert, Ron J., Beker, Henry J., Rogers, Scott O., Xu, Jianping, Johnston, Peter, Shoemaker, R. A., Liu, Miao, Marques, G., Summerell, Brett, Sokolski, Serge, Thrane, Ulf, Widden, Paul, Bruhn, Johann N., Bianchinotti, Virginia, Tuthill, Dorothy, Baroni, Timothy J., Barron, George, Hosaka, Kentaro, Jewell, Kelsea, Piepenbring, Meike, Sullivan, Raymond, Griffith, Gareth W., Bradley, S. G., Aoki, Takayuki, Yoder, Wendy T., Ju, Yu-Ming, Berch, Shannon M., Trappe, Matt, Duan, Weijun, Bonito, Gregory, Taber, Ruth A., Coelho, Gilberto, Bills, Gerald, Ganley, Austen, Agerer, Reinhard, Nagy, László, Roy, Barbara A., Læssøe, Thomas, Hallenberg, Nils, Tichy, Hans-Volker, Stalpers, Joost, Langer, Ewald, Scholler, Markus, Krueger, Dirk, Pacioni, Giovanni, Pöder, Reinhold, Pennanen, Taina, Capelari, Marina, Nakasone, Karen, Tewari, J. P., Miller, Andrew N., Decock, Cony, Huhndorf, Sabine, Wach, Mark, Vishniac, Helen S., Yohalem, David S., Smith, Matthew E., Glenn, Anthony E., Spiering, Martin, Lindner, Daniel L., Schoch, Conrad, Redhead, Scott A., Ivors, Kelly, Jeffers, Steven N., Geml, József, Okafor, Florence, Spiegel, Frederick W., Dewsbury, Damon, Carroll, Juliet, Porter, Terri M., Pashley, Catherine, Carpenter, Steven E., Abad, Gloria, Voigt, Kerstin, Arenz, Brett, Methven, Andrew S., Schechter, Shannon, Vance, Paula, Mahoney, Dan, Kang, Seogchan, Rheeder, John P., Mehl, James, Greif, Matthew, Ndzi Ngala, George, Ammirati, Joe, Kawasaki, Masako, Gwo-Fang, Yuan, Matsumoto, Tadahiko, Smith, David, Koenig, Gina, Luoma, Daniel, May, Tom, Leonardi, Marco, Sigler, Lynne, Taylor, D. L., Gibson, Cara, Sharpton, Thomas, Hawksworth, David L., Carmine Dianese, Jose, Trudell, Steven A., Paulus, Barbara, Padamsee, Mahajabeen, Callac, Philippe, Lima, Nelson, White, Merlin, Barreau, C., Juncai, M. A., Buyck, Bart, Rabeler, Richard K., Liles, Mark R., Estes, Dwayne, Carter, Richard, Herr, J. M., Chandler, Gregory, Kerekes, Jennifer, Cruse-Sanders, Jennifer, Galán Márquez, R., Horak, Egon, Fitzsimons, Michael, Döring, Heidi, Yao, Su, Hynson, Nicole, Ryberg, Martin, Arnold, A. E., Hughes, Karen, Bruns, Thomas D., Blackwell, Meredith, Edwards, Ivan, Taylor, Andy F. S., Horton, Thomas, Zhang, Ning, Kõljalg, Urmas, May, Georgiana, Kuyper, Thomas W., Bever, James D., Gilbert, Gregory, Taylor, John W., DeSantis, Todd Z., Pringle, Anne, Borneman, James, Thorn, Greg, Berbee, Mary, Mueller, Gregory M., Andersen, Gary L., Vellinga, Else C., Branco, Sara, Anderson, Ian, Dickie, Ian A., Avis, Peter, Timonen, Sari, Kjøller, Rasmus, Lodge, D. J., Bateman, Richard M., Purvis, Andy, Crous, Pedro W., Hawkes, Christine, Barraclough, Tim, Burt, Austin, Nilsson, R. H., Larsson, Karl-Henrik, Alexander, Ian, Moncalvo, Jean-Marc, Berube, Jean, Spatafora, Joseph, Thorsten Lumbsch, H., Blair, Jaime E., Suh, Sung-Oui, Pfister, Donald H., Binder, Manfred, Boehm, Eric W., Kohn, Linda, Mata, Juan L., Dyer, Paul, Sung, Gi-Ho, Dentinger, Bryn, Simmons, Emory G., Baird, Richard E., Volk, Thomas J., Perry, Brian A., Kerrigan, Richard W., Campbell, Jinx, Rajesh, Jeewon, Reynolds, Don R., Geiser, David, Humber, Richard A., Hausmann, Natasha, Szaro, Tim, Stajich, Jason, Gathman, Allen, Peay, Kabir G., Henkel, Terry, Robinson, Clare H., Pukkila, Patricia J., Nguyen, Nhu H., Villalta, Christopher, Kennedy, Peter, Bergemann, Sarah, Catherine Aime, M., Kauff, Frank, Porras-Alfaro, Andrea, Gueidan, Cecile, Beck, Andreas, Andersen, Birgitte, Marek, Stephen, Crouch, Jo A., Kerrigan, Julia, Beagle Ristaino, Jean, Hodge, Kathie T., Kuldau, Gretchen, Samuels, Gary J., Raja, Huzefa A., Voglmayr, Hermann, Gardes, Monique, Janos, David P., Rogers, Jack D., Cannon, Paul, Woolfolk, Sandra W., Kistler, H. C., Castellano, Michael A., Maldonado-Ramírez, Sandra L., Kirk, Paul M., Farrar, James J., Osmundson, Todd, Currah, Randolph S., Vujanovic, Vladimir, Chen, Weidong, Korf, Richard P., Atallah, Zahi K., Harrison, Ken J., Guarro, Josep, Bates, Scott T., Enrico Bonello, Pierluigi, Bridge, Paul, Schell, Wiley, Rossi, Walter, Stenlid, Jan, Frisvad, Jens C., Miller, R. M., Baker, Scott E., Hallen, Heather E., Janso, Jeffrey E., Wilson, Andrew W., Conway, Kenneth E., Egerton-Warburton, Louise, Wang, Zheng, Eastburn, Darin, Ho, Wellcome W. Hong, Kroken, Scott, Stadler, Marc, Turgeon, Gillian, Lichtwardt, Robert W., Stewart, Elwin L., Wedin, Mats, Li, De-Wei, Uchida, Janice Y., Jumpponen, Ari, Deckert, Ron J., Beker, Henry J., Rogers, Scott O., Xu, Jianping, Johnston, Peter, Shoemaker, R. A., Liu, Miao, Marques, G., Summerell, Brett, Sokolski, Serge, Thrane, Ulf, Widden, Paul, Bruhn, Johann N., Bianchinotti, Virginia, Tuthill, Dorothy, Baroni, Timothy J., Barron, George, Hosaka, Kentaro, Jewell, Kelsea, Piepenbring, Meike, Sullivan, Raymond, Griffith, Gareth W., Bradley, S. G., Aoki, Takayuki, Yoder, Wendy T., Ju, Yu-Ming, Berch, Shannon M., Trappe, Matt, Duan, Weijun, Bonito, Gregory, Taber, Ruth A., Coelho, Gilberto, Bills, Gerald, Ganley, Austen, Agerer, Reinhard, Nagy, László, Roy, Barbara A., Læssøe, Thomas, Hallenberg, Nils, Tichy, Hans-Volker, Stalpers, Joost, Langer, Ewald, Scholler, Markus, Krueger, Dirk, Pacioni, Giovanni, Pöder, Reinhold, Pennanen, Taina, Capelari, Marina, Nakasone, Karen, Tewari, J. P., Miller, Andrew N., Decock, Cony, Huhndorf, Sabine, Wach, Mark, Vishniac, Helen S., Yohalem, David S., Smith, Matthew E., Glenn, Anthony E., Spiering, Martin, Lindner, Daniel L., Schoch, Conrad, Redhead, Scott A., Ivors, Kelly, Jeffers, Steven N., Geml, József, Okafor, Florence, Spiegel, Frederick W., Dewsbury, Damon, Carroll, Juliet, Porter, Terri M., Pashley, Catherine, Carpenter, Steven E., Abad, Gloria, Voigt, Kerstin, Arenz, Brett, Methven, Andrew S., Schechter, Shannon, Vance, Paula, Mahoney, Dan, Kang, Seogchan, Rheeder, John P., Mehl, James, Greif, Matthew, Ndzi Ngala, George, Ammirati, Joe, Kawasaki, Masako, Gwo-Fang, Yuan, Matsumoto, Tadahiko, Smith, David, Koenig, Gina, Luoma, Daniel, May, Tom, Leonardi, Marco, Sigler, Lynne, Taylor, D. L., Gibson, Cara, Sharpton, Thomas, Hawksworth, David L., Carmine Dianese, Jose, Trudell, Steven A., Paulus, Barbara, Padamsee, Mahajabeen, Callac, Philippe, Lima, Nelson, White, Merlin, Barreau, C., Juncai, M. A., Buyck, Bart, Rabeler, Richard K., Liles, Mark R., Estes, Dwayne, Carter, Richard, Herr, J. M., Chandler, Gregory, Kerekes, Jennifer, Cruse-Sanders, Jennifer, Galán Márquez, R., Horak, Egon, Fitzsimons, Michael, Döring, Heidi, Yao, Su, Hynson, Nicole, Ryberg, Martin, Arnold, A. E., and Hughes, Karen

Published
2008

214. Cantharellus coccolobae sp. nov. and Cantharellus garnieri, Two Tropical Members of Cantharellus subg. Cinnabarinus.

Author

Buyck, Bart, Moreau, Pierre-Arthur, Courtecuisse, Régis, Kong, Alejandro, Roy, Mélanie, and Hofstetter, Valérie

Subjects
CANTHARELLUS, MUEHLENBECKIA, PLANT phylogeny, PLANT classification
Abstract

This paper attributes two more species to Cantharellus subg. Cinnabarinus: the here newly described C. coccolobae, a strict associate of Coccoloba species in subtropical and tropical America, and the New Caledonian C. garnieri. A multigene analysis places both species in a genus phylogeny and their macro- and microscopic features are illustrated and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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216. New and Interesting Cantharellus from Tropical Africa.

Author

Kesel, André De, Amalfi, Mario, Ngoy, Bill Kasongo Wa, Yorou, Nourou Soulemane, Rasp, Olivier, Degreef, Jérôme, and Buyck, Bart

Subjects
CANTHARELLUS, RAIN forests, FORESTS & forestry, CORTINARIUS, PLANT phylogeny, CHANTERELLE, PLANT classification
Abstract

This paper deals with some of the larger, more or less yellowish or orange Cantharellus species from the tropical African woodlands and rain forests. Four new species with clamp connections are described: Cantharellus guineensis, C. mikemboensis, C. pseudomiomboensis and C. stramineus. The new taxa show moderate to strong resemblance to either Cantharellus rufopunctatus or C. miomboensis. A two-locus phylogeny, based on part of the protein coding genes rpb2 and tef-1, resolved them as a highly supported clade within Cantharellus subgenus Rubrinus, a subgenus still exclusively composed of tropical African species. This monophyletic clade is here described as a new section within subg. Rubrinus. As the subgenus was previously defined as being composed of chanterelles lacking clamp connections, the definition of the subgenus is here amended. Illustrations and new records are also presented for Cantharellus afrocibarius, C. defibulatus, C. miomboensis, C. rufopunctatus and C. sublaevis. This paper provides first sequences for C. defibulatus, C. rufopunctatus and C. sublaevis, all of which are here epitypified, as well as new sequences for more than a dozen other Cantharellus. Cantharellus cibarius var. latifolius is considered a synonym of C. afrocibarius. An identification key to all mainland African Cantharellus is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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217. Untangling the Central African Cantharellus Sect. Tenues: Cantharellus minutissimus sp. nov. and Epitypification of Cantharellus alboroseus.

Author

Buyck, Bart, Crop, Eske De, Verbeken, Annemieke, and Hofstetter, Valérie

Subjects
CANTHARELLUS, CHANTERELLE, NUCLEOTIDE sequencing, PLANT classification, PLANT phylogeny
Abstract

Cantharellus section Tenues was originally created for four new, very small, redorange-yellow Central African chanterelles with a more or less fistulose stipe, short basidia and an omphaloid habit. The type species, C. tenuis, is here considered unrelated to the other three species as it is the only species having clamp connections. All four species remain poorly known and need to be recollected and epitypified with recently collected, sequenced specimens that comply to the original description. In this paper, C. alboroseus is epitypified, and an equally small species, C. minutissimus, is introduced. Both species are systematically placed using a multigene phylogeny. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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218. Wisconsin Chanterelles Revisited and First Indications for Very Wide Distributions of Cantharellus Species in the United States East of the Rocky Mountains.

Author

Buyck, Bart, Olariaga, Ibai, Looney, Brian, Justice, Jay, and Hofstetter, Valérie

Subjects
CANTHARELLUS, CHANTERELLE, PLANT phylogeny, TRANSCRIPTION factors
Abstract

The authors discuss and illustrate several American collections of Cantharellus that are in one way or another related to species that have previously been reported or described from Wisconsin. These new collections indicate that the potential distribution area of many of these chanterelles may be much larger than generally assumed. Cantharellus deceptivus sp. nov. is described as new cryptic look-alike of C. phasmatis and problems related to the narrow species concept of C. flavus and C. phasmatis are discussed; C. iuventateviridis sp. nov. is described as closest southern relative to C. chicagoensis. Microscopic features of C. chicagoensis and C. flavus are illustrated for the first time. Cantharellus spectaculus is considered a later synonym of C. persicinus on morphological criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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219. Multigene Sequencing Provides a Suitable Epitype, Barcode Sequences and a Precise Systematic Position for the Enigmatic, African Cantharellus miniatescens.

Author

Buyck, Bart, Henkel, Terry W., Dentinger, Bryn T. M., Sén, Olivier, and Hofstetter, Valérie

Subjects
CANTHARELLUS, NUCLEOTIDE sequencing, GENETIC barcoding, EPITOPES, PLANT phylogeny
Abstract

Cantharellus miniatescens is lectotypified. An epitype sequenced for four gene regions (LSU, mitSSU, RPB2 and Tef1-alpha) is selected among recent collections from Cameroon and Central African Republic and fully described and illustrated. Complete ITS sequences have been deposited as barcodes. The systematic position is determined using a multigene phylogenetic analysis which places this species in Cantharellus subg. Pseudocantharellus in agreement with its morphological features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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220. Almost One Century Later... Cantharellus avellaneus Finally Rediscovered!

Author

Buyck, Bart, Randrianjohany, Emile, and Hofstetter, Valérie

Subjects
CANTHARELLUS, CHANTERELLE, SANDY soils, PLANT phylogeny, EPITOPES
Abstract

The authors report on a brown chanterelle collected in the sandy soils of Madagascar's east coast. As this specimen agrees entirely with the protologue of C. avellaneus, it is here described and proposed as epitype for this apparently rare chanterelle that was first described in 1924 by Narcisse Patouillard. Its systematic placement as part of Cantharellus subg. Parvocantharellus sect. Congolenses is demonstrated using a multigene phylogeny and its complete ITS barcode sequence is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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221. Molecular Analyses of First Collections of Elaphomyces Nees (Elaphomycetaceae, Eurotiales, Ascomycota) from Africa and Madagascar Indicate that the Current Concept of Elaphomyces is Polyphyletic.

Author

Buyck, Bart, Hosaka, Kentaro, Masi, Shelly, and Hofstetter, Valerie

Subjects
ELAPHOMYCES, MOLECULAR microbiology, COLLECTION & preservation of fungi, FUNGAL phylogeny, FUNGAL morphology
Abstract

First collections are reported for Elaphomyces species from Africa and Madagascar. On the basis of an ITS phylogeny, the authors question the monophyletic nature of family Elaphomycetaceae and of the genus Elaphomyces. The objective of this preliminary paper was not to propose a new phylogeny for Elaphomyces, but rather to draw attention to the very high dissimilarity among ITS sequences for Elaphomyces and to the unfortunate choice of species to represent the genus in most previous phylogenetic publications on Elaphomycetaceae and other cleistothecial ascomycetes. Our study highlights the need for examining the monophyly of this family and to verify the systematic status of Pseudotulostoma as a separate genus for stipitate species. Furthermore, there is an urgent need for an in-depth morphological study, combined with molecular sequencing of the studied taxa, to point out the phylogenetically informative characters of the discussed taxa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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222. Russulaceae Associated with Mycoheterotroph Monotropa uniflora (Ericaceae) in Tlaxcala, Mexico: A Phylogenetic Approach.

Author

Kong, Alejandro, Cifuentes, Joaquín, Estrada-Torres, Arturo, Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura, Garibay-Orijel, Roberto, and Buyck, Bart

Subjects
RUSSULACEAE, ERICACEAE, PHYLOGENY, CONIFEROUS forests, DOUGLAS fir
Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore the systematic position of the fungi associated with the roots of M. uniflora in two localities of Tlaxcala, Mexico, using a phylogenetic approach. Thirty plants were sampled, fifteen from a coniferous forest dominated by Abies religiosa in La Malinche National Park, and fifteen from a mixed conifer-broadleaf forest dominated by Pseudotsuga menziesii in Sierra de Tlaxco. Our ITS analysis confirms the preference of M. uniflora to associate with Russulaceae, in particularly with Russula species. The roots of each plant were associated with a single fungal ITS sequence. They were analyzed phylogenetically by maximum likelihood, and were recovered in 12 moderate to well-supported clades within the genus Russula. In each of these clades only a single Russula species was associated with Monotropa in Mexico, except for clade Integrae for which two Mexican species were retrieved. A total of 13 Russula species were retrieved from the 30 Monotropa plants, four from La Malinche National Park, and 11 from Sierra de Tlaxco. Two species, R. aff. Olivobrunnea and one unidentified species in subsection Lactarioideae, were shared among both localities. The Monotropa in the Abies forest of La Malinche National Park were dominated by a single species, R. aff. Olivobrunnea, present in 11 of the 15 plants. In the Pseudotsuga forest of Sierra de Tlaxco, Monotropa was associated with a higher diversity of Russula, eleven species in total, seven of which were associated with a single plant, while the four other Russula had each been retrieved from two plants. Higher diversity of ectomycorrhizal host trees in the Sierra de Tlaxco site might possibly explain the higher richness of fungal associates as suggested by host association patterns of the involved species groups. This study brings the total number of Russula species that associate with Monotropa to forty-four. In the distribution area of Monotropoideae, nearly all terminal Russula clades (i.e. subsection level) that are involved in this mycoheterotroph association, equally harbor species that associate with mycoheterotroph orchids, whereas gasteromycetation appears to have exclusively evolved in clades that also harbor species developing mycoheterotroph associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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233. Troubles with mycorrhizal mushroom identification where morphological differentiation lags behind barcode sequence divergence

Author

Bazzicalupo, Anna L., Buyck, Bart, Saar, Irja, Vauras, Jukka, Carmean, David, and Berbee, Mary L.

Abstract

Species of Russula(Russulaceae), a large, cosmopolitan, ectomycorrhizal fungal genus are notoriously difficult to identify. To delimit species and to evaluate their morphology, we sequenced the ~400 bp ITS2 ribosomal DNA region from 713 Pacific Northwest Russulaspecimens from Benjamin Woo’s exceptional collection. As a topological constraint for analysis of the ITS2, we sequenced and inferred a phylogeny from the ITS, LSU, RPB2and EF1-aregions from 50 European and North American specimens of major clades in Russula.We delimited 72 candidate species from Woo's collection’s ITS2 sequences using ABGD, GMYC, PTP, and mothur software. To guide application of names, we sequenced a ~200 bp portion of the ITS from 18 American type specimens. Of the 72 delimited species, 28 matched a type or a currently barcoded European species. Among the remaining 44 are poorly known or undescribed species. We tested the congruence of morphology with delimitations for 23 species represented by 10 or more specimens each. No morphological character alone was consistently diagnostic across all specimens of any of the 23 candidate species. Ordination of combined field characters followed by pairwise multivariate analysis of variance showed that centroids were significantly different in 221 of 253 species pair comparisons. Ordination also showed that specimens from the same species were widely dispersed, overlapping with specimens from other species. This explains why only 48.5% of specimens were correctly assigned to their species in a canonical variates analysis of combined field and spore characters. Based on sequence comparisons, we contribute to correcting the broad and confusing misapplications of European names that have long obscured patterns of Russula’sgeographical distribution and diversification. Our evidence suggests that morphology in Russuladiverges slowly, and that phenotypic plasticity, convergence, or retention of ancestral polymorphisms blur the distinctions among recently derived species.

Published
2017
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246. Out of the Palaeotropics? Historical biogeography and diversification of the cosmopolitan ectomycorrhizal mushroom family Inocybaceae

Author

Matheny, P. Brandon, primary, Aime, M. Catherine, additional, Bougher, Neale L., additional, Buyck, Bart, additional, Desjardin, Dennis E., additional, Horak, Egon, additional, Kropp, Bradley R., additional, Lodge, D. Jean, additional, Soytong, Kasem, additional, Trappe, James M., additional, and Hibbett, David S., additional

Published
2009
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