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1,178 results on '"Brooks, Maria"'

210. Abstract P243: Impact of Menopausal Hormone Therapy on Association Between Heart Fat and Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis Progression in Recently Postmenopausal Women: the KEEPS Trial

Author

El Khoudary, Samar R, primary, Venugopal, Vidya, additional, Manson, JoAnn E, additional, Brooks, Maria M, additional, Santoro, Nanette, additional, Black, Dennis M, additional, Harman, Mitchell, additional, Hodids, Howard N, additional, Brinton, Eliot, additional, Miller, Virginia M, additional, Taylor, Hugh S, additional, and Budoff, Matthew J, additional

Published
2019
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216. Gestational Weight Gain and Long-term Maternal Obesity Risk: A Multiple-Bias Analysis.

Author

Hutchins, Franya, Krafty, Robert, El Khoudary, Samar R., Catov, Janet, Colvin, Alicia, Barinas-Mitchell, Emma, and Brooks, Maria M.

Subjects
RETROSPECTIVE studies, WEIGHT gain, QUESTIONNAIRES, RESEARCH funding, BODY mass index
Abstract

Background: Lifecourse research provides an important framework for chronic disease epidemiology. However, data collection to observe health characteristics over long periods is vulnerable to systematic error and statistical bias. We present a multiple-bias analysis using real-world data to estimate associations between excessive gestational weight gain and mid-life obesity, accounting for confounding, selection, and misclassification biases.Methods: Participants were from the multiethnic Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. Obesity was defined by waist circumference measured in 1996-1997 when women were age 42-53. Gestational weight gain was measured retrospectively by self-recall and was missing for over 40% of participants. We estimated relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of obesity at mid-life for presence versus absence of excessive gestational weight gain in any pregnancy. We imputed missing data via multiple imputation and used weighted regression to account for misclassification.Results: Among the 2,339 women in this analysis, 937 (40%) experienced obesity in mid-life. In complete case analysis, women with excessive gestational weight gain had an estimated 39% greater risk of obesity (RR = 1.4, CI = 1.1, 1.7), covariate-adjusted. Imputing data, then weighting estimates at the guidepost values of sensitivity = 80% and specificity = 75%, increased the RR (95% CI) for obesity to 2.3 (2.0, 2.6). Only models assuming a 20-point difference in specificity between those with and without obesity decreased the RR.Conclusions: The inference of a positive association between excessive gestational weight gain and mid-life obesity is robust to methods accounting for selection and misclassification bias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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220. Associations of cardiovascular fat radiodensity and vascular calcification in midlife women: The SWAN cardiovascular fat ancillary study.

Author

Hanley, Carrie, Hanley, Carrie, Shields, Kelly J, Matthews, Karen A, Brooks, Maria M, Janssen, Imke, Budoff, Matthew J, Sekikawa, Akira, Mulukutla, Suresh, El Khoudary, Samar R, Hanley, Carrie, Hanley, Carrie, Shields, Kelly J, Matthews, Karen A, Brooks, Maria M, Janssen, Imke, Budoff, Matthew J, Sekikawa, Akira, Mulukutla, Suresh, and El Khoudary, Samar R

Abstract

Background and aimsFat radiodensity, measured via CT Hounsfield units (HU), is a potential marker of fat quality. We sought to determine the cross-sectional associations of total heart fat (TAT) and aortic perivascular fat (PVAT) radiodensity with cardiovascular risk factors, coronary artery calcification (CAC), and aortic calcification (AC) in midlife women.MethodsFat radiodensity, CAC, and AC were quantified using CT scans. A total of 528 women (mean age: 50.9 ± 2.9 years; 37% Black) were included in analyses.ResultsWomen in the lowest TAT radiodensity tertile were more likely to have adverse cardiovascular risk factors. Independent of cardiovascular risk factors, women in the middle and high TAT radiodensity tertiles were less likely to have CAC (OR (95% CI): 0.32 (0.18, 0.59); 0.43 (0.24, 0.78), respectively) compared with women in the lowest TAT radiodensity tertile. Although adjusting for BMI attenuated the overall association, women in the middle TAT radiodensity tertile remained at significantly lower odds of CAC when compared to the low radiodensity tertile, 0.47 (0.24, 0.93), p=0.03. No significant associations were found for PVAT radiodensity and calcification measures in multivariable analysis.ConclusionsLower TAT radiodensity was associated with a less favorable cardiometabolic profile. Women with mid-range TAT radiodensity values had a lower odds of CAC presence, independent of CVD risk factors and BMI. More research is necessary to understand radiodensity as a surrogate marker of fat quality in midlife women.

Published
2018

221. Beta-blocker therapy in the Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial

Author

Kennedy, Harold L., Brooks, Maria Mori, Barker, Allan H., Bergstrand, Robert, Huther, Melissa L., Beanlands, Donald S., Bigger, J. Thomas, and Goldstein, Sidney

Subjects
Arrhythmia -- Drug therapy, Adrenergic beta blockers -- Evaluation, Health
Abstract

The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST) showed antiarrhythmic drug suppression of asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic ventricular arrhythmias in survivors of myocardial infarction to be harmful. This study retrospectively searched the CAST results for evidence of mortality and morbidity reduction in patients receiving optional [beta]-blocker therapy. All enrolled (n = 2,611) and suppressed main study (n = 1,735) CAST patients with an ejection fraction of [less than or equal to] 40% were examined using univariate analysis, Kaplan-Meier curves, and a Cox proportional-hazards multivariate analysis with respect to optional [beta]-blocker therapy prescribed at baseline. CAST patients receiving [beta]-blocker therapy had significantly enhanced survival at 30 days, and at 1 and 2 years of follow-up against all-cause and arrhythmic death or nonfatal cardiac arrest. Multivariate analysis showed [beta]-blocker therapy to be independently associated with a one-third reduction in arrhythmic death or cardiac arrest (p = 0.036). In CAST patients with a history of congestive heart failure, [beta]-blocker therapy was independently associated with longer time to occurrence of new or worsened congestive heart failure (p = 0.015). This study supports the secondary preventive benefit of [beta]-blocker therapy in high-risk post-myocardial infarction patients, and calls attention to the possible preventive benefit of [beta]-blocker therapy against proarrhythmic events experienced in the CAST. (Am J Cardiol 1994;74:674-680)

Published
1994

222. Psychosocial predictors of mortality in the Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial-1 (CAST)

Author

Gorkin, Larry, Schron, Eleanor B., Brooks, Maria Mori, Wiklund, Ingela, Kellen, Joy, Verter, Joel, Schoenberger, James A., Pawitan, Yudi, Morris, Mary, and Shumaker, Sally

Subjects
Cardiac patients -- Psychological aspects, Heart attack -- Physiological aspects, Coronary heart disease -- Risk factors, Stress (Psychology) -- Health aspects, Arrhythmia -- Prevention, Health
Published
1993

224. Protocol of a randomized controlled trial to test the effects of client-centered Representative Payee Services on antiretroviral therapy adherence among marginalized people living with HIV.

Author

Olaniyan, Abisola, Creasy, Stephanie L., Batey, D. Scott, Brooks, Maria Mori, Maulsby, Catherine, Musgrove, Karen, Hagan, Elizabeth, Martin, Deborah, Sashin, Courtenay, Farmartino, Christina, and Hawk, Mary

Subjects
RANDOMIZED controlled trials, SELF-efficacy, HOUSING, HEALTH outcome assessment
Abstract

Background: Client-Centered Representative Payee (CCRP) is an intervention modifying implementation of a current policy of the US Social Security Administration, which appoints organizations to serve as financial payees on behalf of vulnerable individuals receiving Social Security benefits. By ensuring beneficiaries' bills are paid while supporting their self-determination, this structural intervention may mitigate the effects of economic disadvantage to improve housing and financial stability, enabling self-efficacy for health outcomes and improved antiretroviral therapy adherence. This randomized controlled trial will test the impact of CCRP on marginalized people living with HIV (PLWH). We hypothesize that helping participants to pay their rent and other bills on time will improve housing stability and decrease financial stress.Methods: PLWH (n = 160) receiving services at community-based organizations will be randomly assigned to the CCRP intervention or the standard of care for 12 months. Fifty additional participants will be enrolled into a non-randomized ("choice") study allowing participant selection of the CCRP intervention or control. The primary outcome is HIV medication adherence, assessed via the CASE adherence index, viral load, and CD4 counts. Self-assessment data for ART adherence, housing instability, self-efficacy for health behaviors, financial stress, and retention in care will be collected at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Viral load, CD4, and appointment adherence data will be collected at baseline, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months from medical records. Outcomes will be compared by treatment group in the randomized trial, in the non-randomized cohort, and in the combined cohort. Qualitative data will be collected from study participants, eligible non-participants, and providers to explore underlying mechanisms of adherence, subjective responses to the intervention, and implementation barriers and facilitators.Discussion: The aim of this study is to determine if CCRP improves health outcomes for vulnerable PLWH. Study outcomes may provide information about supports needed to help economically fragile PLWH improve health outcomes and ultimately improve HIV health disparities. In addition, findings may help to refine service delivery including the provision of representative payee to this often-marginalized population. This protocol was prospectively registered on May 22, 2018 with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03561103) . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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227. Adherence to Anticoagulation and Risk of Stroke Among Medicare Beneficiaries Newly Diagnosed with Atrial Fibrillation.

Author

Hernandez, Inmaculada, He, Meiqi, Brooks, Maria M., Saba, Samir, and Gellad, Walid F.

Subjects
ATRIAL fibrillation diagnosis, CLINICAL drug trials, WARFARIN, STROKE risk factors, ANTICOAGULANTS, CLASSIFICATION, CONFIDENCE intervals, PATIENT aftercare, MEDICARE, MEDICAL prescriptions, ORAL drug administration, PATIENT compliance, PATIENTS, TIME, HEALTH insurance reimbursement, HUMAN research subjects, PROPORTIONAL hazards models
Abstract

Introduction: The objective of this study was to compare the risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation (AF) with adherent use of oral anticoagulation (OAC), non-adherent use, and non-use of OAC. Methods: Using 2013–2016 Medicare claims data, we identified patients newly diagnosed with AF in 2014–2015 and collected prescriptions filled for OAC in the 12 months after AF diagnosis (n = 39,272). We categorized participants each day into three time-dependent exposures: adherent use (≥ 80% of the previous 30 days covered with OAC), non-adherent use (0–80% covered with OAC), and non-use (0%). We constructed Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the association between time-dependent exposures and time to stroke, adjusting for demographics and clinical characteristics. Results: The sample included 39,272 patients. Study participants spent 35.0% of the follow-up period in the adherent use exposure category, 10.9% in the non-adherent category, and 54.0% in the non-use category. OAC adherent use [hazard ratio (HR) 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52–0.74] and non-adherent use (HR 0.74; 95% CI 0.57–0.95) were associated with lower hazards of stroke than non-use. Adherent use of DOAC (HR 0.54; 95% CI 0.42–0.69) and warfarin (HR 0.70; 95% CI 0.56–0.89) was associated with lower risk of stroke than non-use, but the risk of stroke did not statistically differ between DOAC and warfarin adherent use (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.56–1.04). Discussion: Although adherence to OAC reduces stroke risk by nearly 40%, newly diagnosed AF patients in Medicare adhere to OAC on average only one third of the first year after AF diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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231. Impact of treatment strategies on outcomes in patients with stable coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus according to presenting angina severity: A pooled analysis of three federally-funded randomized trials

Author

Mancini, G.B. John, primary, Boden, William E., additional, Brooks, Maria M., additional, Vlachos, Helen, additional, Chaitman, Bernard R., additional, Frye, Robert, additional, Bittner, Vera, additional, Hartigan, Pamela M., additional, and Dagenais, Gilles R., additional

Published
2018
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234. Parent Training for Feeding Problems in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Initial Randomized Trial

Author

Johnson, Cynthia R, primary, Brown, Kimberly, additional, Hyman, Susan L, additional, Brooks, Maria M, additional, Aponte, Courtney, additional, Levato, Lynne, additional, Schmidt, Brianne, additional, Evans, Victoria, additional, Huo, Zhiguang, additional, Bendixen, Roxanna, additional, Eng, Heather, additional, Sax, Theresa, additional, and Smith, Tristram, additional

Published
2018
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240. Abstract P362: Central Arterial Stiffness Increases Within One Year-interval of the Final Menstrual Period in Midlife Women: Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) Heart

Author

Samargandy, Saad, primary, Matthews, Karen, additional, Janssen, Imke, additional, Brooks, Maria M, additional, Barinas-Mitchell, Emma J, additional, Magnani, Jared, additional, Hollenberg, Steven, additional, Everson-Rose, Susan, additional, Powell, Lynda, additional, and El Khoudary, Samar R, additional

Published
2018
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242. Association Between Thiopurine S-Methyltransferase (TPMT) Genetic Variants and Infection in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients Treated With Azathioprine: A Multi-Institutional Analysis

Author

Green, Dionna J., primary, Duong, Son Q., additional, Burckart, Gilbert J., additional, Sissung, Tristan, additional, Price, Douglas K., additional, Figg, William D., additional, Brooks, Maria M., additional, Chinnock, Richard, additional, Canter, Charles, additional, Addonizio, Linda, additional, Bernstein, Daniel, additional, Naftel, David C., additional, Zeevi, Adriana, additional, Kirklin, James K., additional, Webber, Steven A., additional, and Feingold, Brian, additional

Published
2018
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249. Change in sexual functioning over the menopausal transition: results from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.

Author

Avis, Nancy E, Avis, Nancy E, Colvin, Alicia, Karlamangla, Arun S, Crawford, Sybil, Hess, Rachel, Waetjen, L Elaine, Brooks, Maria, Tepper, Ping G, Greendale, Gail A, Avis, Nancy E, Avis, Nancy E, Colvin, Alicia, Karlamangla, Arun S, Crawford, Sybil, Hess, Rachel, Waetjen, L Elaine, Brooks, Maria, Tepper, Ping G, and Greendale, Gail A

Abstract

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to identify whether there is a decline in sexual functioning related to the menopausal transition or to hysterectomy.MethodsIn a cohort of 1,390 women aged 42 to 52, with intact uterus and at least one ovary, not using hormone therapy, and pre- or early perimenopausal at baseline, we fit piecewise linear growth curves to 5,798 repeated measurements (seven visits spanning 14.5 y) of a sexual functioning score (range, 5-25) as a function of time relative to date of final menstrual period (FMP) or hysterectomy.ResultsMean sexual functioning at baseline in women with a dateable FMP was 18.0 (SD, 3.4). There was no change in sexual function until 20 months before the FMP. From 20 months before until 1 year after the FMP, sexual function decreased by 0.35 annually (95% CI, -0.44 to -0.26) and continued to decline more than 1 year after the FMP, but at a slower rate (-0.13 annually, 95% CI, -0.17 to -0.10). The decline was smaller in African Americans and larger in Japanese than whites. Vaginal dryness, lubricant use, depressive symptoms, or anxiety did not explain decline in sexual function. Women who had a hysterectomy before the FMP did not show a decline in sexual function before hysterectomy, but scores declined afterward (0.21 annually, 95% CI, -0.28 to -0.14).ConclusionsDecline in sexual function became apparent 20 months before FMP and slowed 1 year after FMP through 5 years afterward. A decline in sexual function was observed immediately after hysterectomy and persisted for the 5 years of observation.

Published
2017

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