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207. Sleep and cognitive aging in the eighth decade of life

Author

Cox, Simon R, Ritchie, Stuart J, Allerhand, Mike, Hagenaars, Saskia P, Radakovic, Ratko, Breen, David P, Davies, Gail, Riha, Renata L, Harris, Sarah E, Starr, John M, and Deary, Ian J

Subjects
Aged, 80 and over, Male, Sleep Wake Disorders, cognitive ageing, Time Factors, cognitive aging, Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience of Sleep, Neuropsychological Tests, Sleep Latency, self-report, Cohort Studies, polygenic scores, Cognition, Cross-Sectional Studies, daytime sleep, affective and behavioral neuroscience of sleep, Memory, Humans, sleep duration, Cognitive Dysfunction, Female, Self Report, sleep, Sleep, Aged
Abstract

We examined associations between self-reported sleep measures and cognitive level and change (age 70–76 years) in a longitudinal, same-year-of-birth cohort study (baseline N = 1091; longitudinal N = 664). We also leveraged GWAS summary data to ascertain whether polygenic scores (PGS) of chronotype and sleep duration related to self-reported sleep, and to cognitive level and change. Shorter sleep latency was associated with significantly higher levels of visuospatial ability, processing speed, and verbal memory (β ≥ |0.184|, SE ≤ 0.075, p ≤ 0.003). Longer daytime sleep duration was significantly associated slower processing speed (β = −0.085, SE = 0.027, p = 0.001), and with steeper 6-year decline in visuospatial reasoning (β = −0.009, SE = 0.003, p = 0.008), and processing speed (β = −0.009, SE = 0.002, p < 0.001). Only longitudinal associations between longer daytime sleeping and steeper cognitive declines survived correction for important health covariates and false discovery rate (FDR). PGS of chronotype and sleep duration were nominally associated with specific self-reported sleep characteristics for most SNP thresholds (standardized β range = |0.123 to 0.082|, p range = 0.003 to 0.046), but neither PGS predicted cognitive level or change following FDR. Daytime sleep duration is a potentially important correlate of cognitive decline in visuospatial reasoning and processing speed in older age, whereas cross-sectional associations are partially confounded by important health factors. A genetic propensity toward morningness and sleep duration were weakly, but consistently, related to self-reported sleep characteristics, and did not relate to cognitive level or change.

Published
2019

208. Sleep and cognitive ageing in the 8th decade of life

Author

Cox, Simon R., Ritchie, Stuart J., Allerhand, Mike, Hagenaars, Saskia P., Radakovic, Ratko, Breen, David P., Davies, Gail, Riha, Renata L., Harris, Sarah E., Starr, John M., and Deary, Ian J.

Abstract

We examined associations between self-reported sleep measures and cognitive level and change (age 70-76 years) in a longitudinal, same-year-of-birth cohort study (baseline N = 1,091; longitudinal N = 664). We also leveraged GWAS summary data to ascertain whether polygenic scores (PGS) of chronotype and sleep duration related to self-reported sleep, and to cognitive level and change. Shorter sleep latency was associated with significantly higher levels of visuospatial ability, processing speed, and verbal memory (β ≥ |0.184|, SE ≤ 0.075, p ≤ 0.003). Longer daytime sleep duration was significantly associated slower processing speed (β = -0.085, SE = 0.027, p = 0.001), and with steeper 6-year decline in visuospatial reasoning (β = -0.009, SE = 0.003, p = 0.008), and processing speed (β = -0.009, SE = 0.002, p < 0.001). Only longitudinal associations between longer daytime sleeping and steeper cognitive declines survived correction for important health covariates and false discovery rate (FDR). PGS of chronotype and sleep duration were nominally associated with specific self-reported sleep characteristics for most SNP thresholds (standardised β range = |0.123 to 0.082|, p range = 0.003 to 0.046), but neither PGS predicted cognitive level or change following FDR. Daytime sleep duration is a potentially important correlate of cognitive decline in visuospatial reasoning and processing speed in older age, whereas cross-sectional associations are partially confounded by important health factors. A genetic propensity toward morningness and sleep duration were weakly, but consistently, related to self-reported sleep characteristics, and did not relate to cognitive level or change.

Published
2019

209. Algorithmic Quilting Pattern Generation for Pieced Quilts

Author

Li, Yifei, Breen, David, McCann, James, and Hodgins, Jessica

Subjects
000 computer science, quilting, pattern generation, spanning tree, texture generation, ornamentation, line drawing, continuous line drawing, 05 social sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020207 software engineering, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 050107 human factors
Abstract

Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2019, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, 28 - 31 May 2019, Free-motion quilting patterns are functional and decorative patterns sewn on pieced quilts using a single-line continuous stitch path for each region of the quilt. Seven families of quilting patterns are commonly used by quilters [3]. We present an approach for computationally generating three of these families. The user can control the design for each family based on a set of parameters, including the density and general layout of the pattern as well as the decorative elements. Our algorithm starts by sampling a point set in a designated region, generates a skeleton path over that set, then inserts decorative elements along the skeleton. We provide digital and quilted examples for each type of pattern.

Published
2019
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214. Which Neuropsychological Tests? Predicting Cognitive Decline and Dementia in Parkinson's Disease in the ICICLE-PD Cohort.

Author

Lawson, Rachael A., Williams-Gray, Caroline H., Camacho, Marta, Duncan, Gordon W., Khoo, Tien K., Breen, David P., Barker, Roger A., Rochester, Lynn, Burn, David J., and Yarnall, Alison J.

Subjects
PARKINSON'S disease, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests, MILD cognitive impairment, VISUAL memory, COGNITION
Abstract

Background: Cognitive impairment is common in Parkinson's disease (PD), with 80% cumulatively developing dementia (PDD). Objective: We sought to identify tests that are sensitive to change over time above normal ageing so as to refine the neuropsychological tests predictive of PDD. Methods: Participants with newly diagnosed PD (n = 211) and age-matched controls (n = 99) completed a range of clinical and neuropsychological tests as part of the ICICLE-PD study at 18-month intervals over 72 months. Impairments on tests were determined using control means (<1-2SD) and median scores. Mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) was classified using 1-2SD below normative values. Linear mixed effects modelling assessed cognitive decline, while Cox regression identified baseline predictors of PDD. Results: At 72 months, 46 (cumulative probability 33.9%) participants had developed PDD; these participants declined at a faster rate in tests of global cognition, verbal fluency, memory and attention (p < 0.05) compared to those who remained dementia-free. Impaired baseline global cognition, visual memory and attention using median cut-offs were the best predictors of early PDD (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.88, p < 0.001) compared to control-generated cut-offs (AUC = 0.76–0.84, p < 0.001) and PD-MCI (AUC = 0.64–0.81, p < 0.001). Impaired global cognition and semantic fluency were the most useful brief tests employable in a clinical setting (AUC = 0.79, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Verbal fluency, attention and memory were sensitive to change in early PDD and may be suitable tests to measure therapeutic response in future interventions. Impaired global cognition, attention and visual memory were the most accurate predictors for developing a PDD. Future studies could consider adopting these tests for patient clinical trial stratification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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219. Laparoscopic versus percutaneous cryotherapy for renal tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Aboumarzouk, Omar M., Ismail, Mohamed, Breen, David, Van Strijen, Marco, Garnon, Julein, Lagerveld, Brunolf, Nielsen, Tommy, and Keeley, Francis

Abstract

Background: Cryoablation has emerged as an alternative to the more invasive partial nephrectomy for small renal masses. The approach can be carried out by two techniques, either laparoscopic cryoablation (LCA) or percutaneous cryoablation, (PCA) with CT guidance. We aimed to compare between the two procedures.\ud \ud Materials and Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted, including studies comparing the two techniques. Outcomes included incomplete ablation, late local recurrence, cancer-specific survival, procedure time, transfusion rates, hospital stay, and complications.\ud \ud Results: A total of 1475 patients were included, 788 patients in the laparoscopic group and 687 patients in the percutaneous group. There was statistical difference favoring the laparoscopic group with regard to having less incomplete ablation (p = 0.0008) and higher cancer-specific survival patients (p = 0.04). However, there was longer hospital stays in the LCA group (p

Published
2018

222. Diagnostic accuracy of whole-body MRI versus standard imaging pathways for metastatic disease in newly diagnosed colorectal cancer: the prospective Streamline C trial

Author

Taylor, Stuart A, primary, Mallett, Sue, additional, Beare, Sandy, additional, Bhatnagar, Gauraang, additional, Blunt, Dominic, additional, Boavida, Peter, additional, Bridgewater, John, additional, Clarke, Caroline S, additional, Duggan, Marian, additional, Ellis, Steve, additional, Glynne-Jones, Robert, additional, Goh, Vicky, additional, Groves, Ashley M, additional, Hameeduddin, Ayshea, additional, Janes, Sam M, additional, Johnston, Edward W, additional, Koh, Dow-Mu, additional, Miles, Anne, additional, Morris, Stephen, additional, Morton, Alison, additional, Navani, Neal, additional, O'Donohue, John, additional, Oliver, Alfred, additional, Padhani, Anwar R, additional, Pardoe, Helen, additional, Patel, Uday, additional, Punwani, Shonit, additional, Quinn, Laura, additional, Rafiee, Hameed, additional, Reczko, Krystyna, additional, Rockall, Andrea G, additional, Shahabuddin, Khawaja, additional, Sidhu, Harbir S, additional, Teague, Jonathan, additional, Thaha, Mohamed A, additional, Train, Matthew, additional, van Ree, Katherine, additional, Wijeyekoon, Sanjaya, additional, Halligan, Steve, additional, Evans, Ruth, additional, Ball, Simon, additional, Jannapureddy, Revanth, additional, Mills-Baldock, Tina, additional, Barhate, Kishor, additional, Nagy, Zoltan, additional, Raouf, Sherif, additional, Aboagye, Akosa, additional, Anand, Girija, additional, Butawan, Rommel, additional, Hadley, Elizabeth, additional, Onajobi, Adesewa, additional, Tarver, Kathryn, additional, Nawaz, Tanjil, additional, Norman, Catherine, additional, Rich, Nathalie, additional, Tulmuntaha, Sidra, additional, Ahmed, Shafi, additional, Lim, Louise, additional, McKirdy, Fiona, additional, Couture, Jenna, additional, Ferdous, Shahanara, additional, Julka, Payal, additional, Mohammed, Ali, additional, O'Shaughnessy, Terry, additional, Ricketts, William, additional, Jackson, Marie, additional, Kay, Clive, additional, Lowe, Andy, additional, McGowan, Janet, additional, Mohammed, Amjad, additional, Robinson, Jon, additional, Curry, Lara, additional, Maheswaran, Sasithar, additional, Ramesh, Subramanian, additional, Riddle, Pippa, additional, Balogun, Shaki, additional, Campbell, Yvonne, additional, Jeyadevan, Nelesh, additional, Kavidasan, Aji, additional, Locke, Imogen, additional, Loke, Tuck-Kay, additional, Olaleye, Ibiyemi, additional, Collins, Clare, additional, Green, Elizabeth, additional, Prendergast, Colm, additional, Win, Thida, additional, Davis, Amy, additional, Blakeway, Lyn, additional, Gourtsoyianni, Sofia, additional, Green, Adrian, additional, Kelly-Morland, Christian, additional, Naaseri, Sahar, additional, Prezzi, Davide, additional, Snell, David, additional, Boisfer, Dorothee, additional, Desai, Keyury, additional, Hans, Balinder, additional, Hans, Sophia, additional, Ntala, Eleni, additional, Alam, Adnam, additional, Burke, Stephen, additional, Bhowmik, Angshu, additional, Bharwani, Nishat, additional, Hanid, Gule, additional, Honeyfield, Lesley, additional, Stoycheva, Tina, additional, Strickland, Nicola, additional, Bazari, Farid, additional, Beedham, Helen, additional, De Los, Jane, additional, Lauigan, Reyes, additional, Limbu, Priya, additional, Lucas, Nicola, additional, O'Connor, Sally, additional, Rhodes, Anita, additional, Agoramoorthy, Laletha, additional, Handousa, Martha, additional, Jalloh, Abel, additional, Stegner, Stefania, additional, Wilson, Shanna, additional, Birch, David, additional, Chukundah, Suzanne, additional, Phiri, Priscilla, additional, Srirajaskanthan, Raj, additional, Karapanagiotou, Eleni, additional, Smith, Daniel, additional, Syeed, Ferrial, additional, van Someren, Chloe, additional, Borgstein, Rudi, additional, Roehrig, Jamila, additional, Chao, David, additional, Hurl, Lorraine, additional, Gogbashian, Andrew, additional, Nunes, Andre, additional, Simcock, Ian, additional, Stirling, James, additional, Beable, Richard, additional, Furneaux, Maureen, additional, Gibbons, Nicola, additional, Higginson, Antony, additional, Curtis, Howard, additional, Perry, Kitrick, additional, Amadi, Anita, additional, Hughes, Heather, additional, Patel, Prital, additional, Atkin, Gary, additional, Elton, Colin, additional, Karp, Stephen, additional, Woodrow, Lisa, additional, Yu, Dominic, additional, Khan, Sajid, additional, Rienhardt, Alistair, additional, Datt, Pooja, additional, Ilangovan, Rajapandian, additional, Jenkins, Ian, additional, Mahmud, Saba, additional, Light, Teresa, additional, Kellaway, Joanne, additional, O'Callaghan, Ann, additional, Partridge, William, additional, Daniel, Amelia, additional, Ekeowa, Ugo, additional, Long, Michael, additional, Russell, Peter, additional, Scurr, Erica, additional, Morgan, Veronica, additional, Tunariu, Nina, additional, Chang, Elizabeth, additional, Hughes, Laura, additional, Marwood, Ellice, additional, Prior, Katie, additional, Reddi, Meena, additional, Sargus, Kara, additional, Sharp, Abby, additional, Beeston, Teresita, additional, Isaac, Elizabeth, additional, Jayme, Adoracion, additional, Kalasthry, Jagadish, additional, Piga, Wivijin, additional, Rahman, Farzana, additional, Weir, Shraddha, additional, Austria, Aileen, additional, Crosbie, James, additional, Engledow, Alec, additional, McCullogh, Jonathan, additional, Obichere, Austen, additional, Shiu, Kai-Keen, additional, Wanstall, Christopher, additional, Simeon, Celia, additional, Smith, Amy, additional, Bateman, Andrew, additional, Breen, David, additional, Davis, Liane, additional, Everitt, Chris, additional, Johnson, Alice, additional, Nichols, Paul, additional, Shepherd, Beth, additional, Gilbert, Kayleigh, additional, Verjee, Azmina, additional, Saull, Michelle, additional, Wilson, Jonathan, additional, Adeniba, Rashidat, additional, Conteh, Veronica, additional, Howling, Sarah, additional, and Lock, Sara, additional

Published
2019
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223. Diagnostic accuracy of whole-body MRI versus standard imaging pathways for metastatic disease in newly diagnosed non-small-cell lung cancer: the prospective Streamline L trial

Author

Taylor, Stuart A, primary, Mallett, Sue, additional, Ball, Simon, additional, Beare, Sandy, additional, Bhatnagar, Gauraang, additional, Bhowmik, Angshu, additional, Boavida, Peter, additional, Bridgewater, John, additional, Clarke, Caroline S, additional, Duggan, Marian, additional, Ellis, Steve, additional, Glynne-Jones, Robert, additional, Goh, Vicky, additional, Groves, Ashley M, additional, Hameeduddin, Ayshea, additional, Janes, Sam M, additional, Johnston, Edward W, additional, Koh, Dow-Mu, additional, Lock, Sara, additional, Miles, Anne, additional, Morris, Stephen, additional, Morton, Alison, additional, Navani, Neal, additional, Oliver, Alfred, additional, O'Shaughnessy, Terry, additional, Padhani, Anwar R, additional, Prezzi, David, additional, Punwani, Shonit, additional, Quinn, Laura, additional, Rafiee, Hameed, additional, Reczko, Krystyna, additional, Rockall, Andrea G, additional, Russell, Peter, additional, Sidhu, Harbir S, additional, Strickland, Nicola, additional, Tarver, Kathryn, additional, Teague, Jonathan, additional, Halligan, Steve, additional, Evans, Ruth, additional, Shahabuddin, Khawaja, additional, Jannapureddy, Revanth, additional, Mills-Baldock, Tina, additional, Barhate, Kishor, additional, Nagy, Zoltan, additional, Raouf, Sherif, additional, Aboagye, Akosa, additional, Anand, Girija, additional, Butawan, Rommel, additional, Hadley, Elizabeth, additional, Onajobi, Adesewa, additional, Thaha, Mohamed A, additional, Nawaz, Tanjil, additional, Norman, Catherine, additional, Rich, Nathalie, additional, Tulmuntaha, Sidra, additional, Ahmed, Shafi, additional, Lim, Louise, additional, McKirdy, Fiona, additional, Couture, Jenna, additional, Ferdous, Shahanara, additional, Julka, Payal, additional, Mohammed, Ali, additional, Pardoe, Helen, additional, Wijeyekoon, Sanjaya, additional, Van Ree, Katherine, additional, Blunt, Dominic, additional, Ricketts, William, additional, Jackson, Marie, additional, Kay, Clive, additional, Lowe, Andy, additional, McGowan, Janet, additional, Mohammed, Amjad, additional, Robinson, Jon, additional, Curry, Lara, additional, Maheswaran, Sasithar, additional, Ramesh, Subramanian, additional, Riddle, Pippa, additional, Balogun, Shaki, additional, Campbell, Yvonne, additional, Jeyadevan, Nelesh, additional, Kavidasan, Aji, additional, Locke, Imogen, additional, Loke, Tuck-Kay, additional, Olaleye, Ibiyemi, additional, Collins, Clare, additional, Green, Elizabeth, additional, Prendergast, Colm, additional, Win, Thida, additional, Davis, Amy, additional, Blakeway, Lyn, additional, Gourtsoyianni, Sofia, additional, Green, Adrian, additional, Kelly-Morland, Christian, additional, Naaseri, Sahar, additional, O'Donohue, John, additional, Snell, David, additional, Boisfer, Dorothee, additional, Desai, Keyury, additional, Hans, Balinder, additional, Hans, Sophia, additional, Ntala, Eleni, additional, Alam, Adnam, additional, Burke, Stephen, additional, Train, Matthew, additional, Bharwani, Nishat, additional, Hanid, Gule, additional, Honeyfield, Lesley, additional, Stoycheva, Tina, additional, Patel, Uday, additional, Bazari, Farid, additional, Beedham, Helen, additional, De Los, Jane, additional, Lauigan, Reyes, additional, Limbu, Priya, additional, Lucas, Nicola, additional, O'Connor, Sally, additional, Rhodes, Anita, additional, Agoramoorthy, Laletha, additional, Handousa, Martha, additional, Jalloh, Abel, additional, Stegner, Stefania, additional, Wilson, Shanna, additional, Birch, David, additional, Chukundah, Suzanne, additional, Phiri, Priscilla, additional, Srirajaskanthan, Raj, additional, Karapanagiotou, Eleni, additional, Smith, Daniel, additional, Syeed, Ferrial, additional, van Someren, Chloe, additional, Borgstein, Rudi, additional, Roehrig, Jamila, additional, Chao, David, additional, Hurl, Lorraine, additional, Gogbashian, Andrew, additional, Nunes, Andre, additional, Simcock, Ian, additional, Stirling, James, additional, Beable, Richard, additional, Furneaux, Maureen, additional, Gibbons, Nicola, additional, Higginson, Antony, additional, Curtis, Howard, additional, Perry, Kitrick, additional, Amadi, Anita, additional, Hughes, Heather, additional, Patel, Prital, additional, Atkin, Gary, additional, Elton, Colin, additional, Karp, Stephen, additional, Woodrow, Lisa, additional, Yu, Dominic, additional, Khan, Sajid, additional, Rienhardt, Alistair, additional, Datt, Pooja, additional, Ilangovan, Rajapandian, additional, Jenkins, Ian, additional, Mahmud, Saba, additional, Light, Teresa, additional, Kellaway, Joanne, additional, O'Callaghan, Ann, additional, Partridge, William, additional, Daniel, Amelia, additional, Ekeowa, Ugo, additional, Long, Michael, additional, Scurr, Erica, additional, Morgan, Veronica, additional, Tunariu, Nina, additional, Chang, Elizabeth, additional, Hughes, Laura, additional, Marwood, Ellice, additional, Prior, Katie, additional, Reddi, Meena, additional, Sargus, Kara, additional, Sharp, Abby, additional, Beeston, Teresita, additional, Isaac, Elizabeth, additional, Jayme, Adoracion, additional, Kalasthry, Jagadish, additional, Piga, Wivijin, additional, Rahman, Farzana, additional, Weir, Shraddha, additional, Austria, Aileen, additional, Crosbie, James, additional, Engledow, Alec, additional, McCullogh, Jonathan, additional, Obichere, Austen, additional, Shiu, Kai-Keen, additional, Wanstall, Christopher, additional, Simeon, Celia, additional, Smith, Amy, additional, Bateman, Andrew, additional, Breen, David, additional, Davis, Liane, additional, Everitt, Chris, additional, Johnson, Alice, additional, Nichols, Paul, additional, Shepherd, Beth, additional, Gilbert, Kayleigh, additional, Verjee, Azmina, additional, Saull, Michelle, additional, Wilson, Jonathan, additional, Adeniba, Rashidat, additional, Conteh, Veronica, additional, and Howling, Sarah, additional

Published
2019
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224. Geodesy

Author

Gu, Jianzhe, primary, Breen, David E., additional, Hu, Jenny, additional, Zhu, Lifeng, additional, Tao, Ye, additional, Van de Zande, Tyson, additional, Wang, Guanyun, additional, Zhang, Yongjie Jessica, additional, and Yao, Lining, additional

Published
2019
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226. Validation of new bioinformatic tools to identify expanded repeats: a non-reference intronic pentamer expansion inRFC1causes CANVAS

Author

Rafehi, Haloom, primary, Szmulewicz, David J, additional, Bennett, Mark F, additional, Sobreira, Nara LM, additional, Pope, Kate, additional, Smith, Katherine R, additional, Gillies, Greta, additional, Diakumis, Peter, additional, Dolzhenko, Egor, additional, Eberle, Michael A, additional, Barcina, María García, additional, Breen, David P, additional, Chancellor, Andrew M, additional, Cremer, Phillip D, additional, Delatycki, Martin B., additional, Fogel, Brent L, additional, Hackett, Anna, additional, Halmagyi, G. Michael, additional, Kapetanovic, Solange, additional, Lang, Anthony, additional, Mossman, Stuart, additional, Mu, Weiyi, additional, Patrikios, Peter, additional, Perlman, Susan L, additional, Rosemargy, Ian, additional, Storey, Elsdon, additional, Watson, Shaun RD, additional, Wilson, Michael A, additional, Zee, David, additional, Valle, David, additional, Amor, David J, additional, Bahlo, Melanie, additional, and Lockhart, Paul J, additional

Published
2019
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228. Genome-wide association study of Parkinson’s disease progression biomarkers in 12 longitudinal patients’ cohorts

Author

Iwaki, Hirotaka, primary, Blauwendraat, Cornelis, additional, Leonard, Hampton L., additional, Kim, Jonggeol J., additional, Liu, Ganqiang, additional, Maple-Grødem, Jodi, additional, Corvol, Jean-Christophe, additional, Pihlstrøm, Lasse, additional, van Nimwegen, Marlies, additional, Hutten, Samantha J., additional, Khanh-Dung, H. Nguyen, additional, Rick, Jacqueline, additional, Eberly, Shirley, additional, Faghri, Faraz, additional, Auinger, Peggy, additional, Scott, Kirsten M., additional, Wijeyekoon, Ruwani, additional, Van Deerlin, Vivianna M., additional, Hernandez, Dena G., additional, Gibbs, J. Raphael, additional, Chitrala, Kumaraswamy Naidu, additional, Day-Williams, Aaron G., additional, Brice, Alexis, additional, Alves, Guido, additional, Noyce, Alastair J., additional, Tysnes, Ole-Bjørn, additional, Evans, Jonathan R., additional, Breen, David P., additional, Estrada, Karol, additional, Wegel, Claire E., additional, Danjou, Fabrice, additional, Simon, David K., additional, Andreassen, Ole, additional, Ravina, Bernard, additional, Toft, Mathias, additional, Heutink, Peter, additional, Bloem, Bastiaan R., additional, Weintraub, Daniel, additional, Barker, Roger A., additional, Williams-Gray, Caroline H., additional, van de Warrenburg, Bart P., additional, Van Hilten, Jacobus J., additional, Scherzer, Clemens R., additional, Singleton, Andrew B., additional, and Nalls, Mike A., additional

Published
2019
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229. The Management of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases: The Interventional Radiology Viewpoint

Author

Rice, Samuel L., primary, Bale, Reto, additional, Breen, David J., additional, de Baere, Thierry, additional, Denys, Alban, additional, Guiu, Boris, additional, Goldberg, Nahum, additional, Kim, Edward, additional, Lewandowski, Robert J., additional, Helmberger, Thomas, additional, Mejerjink, Martijn, additional, Pereira, Philippe L., additional, Solbiati, Luigi, additional, Solomon, Stephen B., additional, and Sofocleous, Constantinos T., additional

Published
2019
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231. Sleep and cognitive aging in the eighth decade of life

Author

Cox, Simon R, primary, Ritchie, Stuart J, additional, Allerhand, Mike, additional, Hagenaars, Saskia P, additional, Radakovic, Ratko, additional, Breen, David P, additional, Davies, Gail, additional, Riha, Renata L, additional, Harris, Sarah E, additional, Starr, John M, additional, and Deary, Ian J, additional

Published
2019
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238. BETWEEN-DAY RELIABILITY OF THE HAMSTRING SOLO DEVICE DURING THE NORDIC HAMSTRING CURL.

Author

Darrall-Jones, Joshua, Breen, David, Roe, Gregory, Till, Kevin, and Jones, Ben

Subjects
HAMSTRING muscle, RUGBY Union football players, MUSCLE strength, PROFESSIONAL sports, SPORTS injuries risk factors
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the between-day reliability of the Hamstring Solo for measuring peak eccentric knee flexor force (EKF) during the Nordic hamstring curl. Data were collected on 18 male Professional rugby union players across two testing sessions separated by 7 days. There was no between-session difference in EKF force for left (p = 0.440 - 0.580) or right (p = 0.477 - 0.656) leg when using the best of 1 (left = 405.3±88.2 N vs. 412.8±92.7 N; right = 408.0±88.1 N vs. 416.7±85.2 N), 2 (left = 409.9±87.6 N vs. 415.0±96.2 N; right = 413.0±87.5 N vs. 418.3±86.2 N), or 3 repetitions (left = 411.2±88.2 N vs. 417.3±92.7 N; right = 417.7±87.4 N vs. 417.7±87.4 N). The between-day reliability of EKF peak force was acceptable for left (7.2 to 8.3%) and right (8.3 to 9.8%) leg, with the typical error lowest when using the best of three repetitions. The smallest worthwhile change (SWC) was similar for left (4.2 - 4.3%) and right (3.6 - 3.7%) when using the best of 3 repetitions. As the typical error was greater than the SWC for both the left (1.71 x the SWC) and right (2.24 x the SWC) legs, changes of 2.71 (Δ 41 N; 11%) and 3.24 (Δ 47 N; 12%) xSWC are required to detect a small change in EKF peak force, taking into account the typical error. Practitioners can use the reliability statistics from this study to monitor EKF peak force in professional rugby union players, when using the Hamstring Solo device. It is recommended that when monitoring EKF peak force with the Hamstring Solo, practitioners use the best of 3 repetitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021

239. Geometric modeling of knitted fabrics using helicoid scaffolds.

Author

Wadekar, Paras, Goel, Prateek, Amanatides, Chelsea, Dion, Genevieve, Kamien, Randall D, and Breen, David E

Abstract

We present a bicontinuous, minimal surface (the helicoid) as a scaffold on which to define the topology and geometry of yarns in a weft-knitted fabric. Modeling with helicoids offers a geometric approach to simulating a physical manufacturing process, which should generate geometric models suitable for downstream mechanical and validity analyses. The centerline of a yarn in a knitted fabric is specified as a geodesic path, with constrained boundary conditions, running along a helicoid at a fixed distance. The shape of the yarn's centerline is produced via an optimization process over a polyline. The distances between the vertices of the polyline are shortened and a repulsive potential keeps the vertices at a specified distance from the helicoid. These actions and constraints are formulated into a single "energy" function, which is then minimized. The yarn geometry is generated as a tube around the centerline. The optimized configuration, defined for a half loop, is duplicated, reflected, and shifted to produce the centerlines for the multiple stitches that make up a fabric. In addition, the parameters of the helicoid may be used to control the size and shape of the fabric's stitches. We show that helicoid scaffolds may be used to define both knit and purl stitches, which are then combined to produce models of all-knit, rib, and garter fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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240. Parkinson's Disease, NOTCH3 Genetic Variants, and White Matter Hyperintensities.

Author

Ramirez, Joel, Dilliott, Allison A., Binns, Malcolm A., Breen, David P., Evans, Emily C., Beaton, Derek, McLaughlin, Paula M., Kwan, Donna, Holmes, Melissa F., Ozzoude, Miracle, Scott, Christopher J.M., Strother, Stephen C., Symons, Sean, Swartz, Richard H., Grimes, David, Jog, Mandar, Masellis, Mario, Black, Sandra E., Joutel, Anne, and Marras, Connie

Abstract

Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) on magnetic resonance imaging may influence clinical presentation in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), although their significance and pathophysiological origins remain unresolved. Studies examining WMH have identified pathogenic variants in NOTCH3 as an underlying cause of inherited forms of cerebral small vessel disease. Methods: We examined NOTCH3 variants, WMH volumes, and clinical correlates in 139 PD patients in the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative cohort. Results: We identified 13 PD patients (~9%) with rare (<1% of general population), nonsynonymous NOTCH3 variants. Bayesian linear modeling demonstrated a doubling of WMH between variant negative and positive patients (3.1 vs. 6.9 mL), with large effect sizes for periventricular WMH (d = 0.8) and lacunes (d = 1.2). Negative correlations were observed between WMH and global cognition (r = −0.2). Conclusion: The NOTCH3 rare variants in PD may significantly contribute to increased WMH burden, which in turn may negatively influence cognition. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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241. Handbook of Focal Therapy for Prostate and Renal Cancer

Author

Johansen, Truls E Bjerklund, Greene, Damien, Breen, David J, Mouraviev, Vladimir, Johansen, Truls E Bjerklund, Greene, Damien, Breen, David J, and Mouraviev, Vladimir

Abstract

Prostate cancer is the commonest cancer in men. Current treatments include surgery to remove the whole prostate or radiotherapy of the whole prostate. These radical treatments can treat the cancer effectively but often cause unwanted side effects. Meanwhile widespread screening with prostate-specific antigen has led to an increased diagnosis of localised prostate cancer; at the same time, widespread use of abdominal imaging has led to increased detection of renal masses. In response to demand for improved outcomes with reduced side effects, focal therapy has emerged as an important procedure in managing both prostate and renal cancers. It targets individual areas of cancer, reducing unwanted side effects and the amount of damage to collateral tissue. This new method of treatment has major advantages: it involves less radiation, the removal of less tissue and less time spent in hospital. Handbook of Focal Therapy for Prostate and Renal Cancer provides a comprehensive, timely review of targeted ablation methods to treat prostate and renal cancers. It describes the most effective techniques in current practice, with discussion of the selection criteria, ablation technologies and their limitations, and advice on the management of common side effects. The book opens with a summary of the principles of prostate and renal cancer treatment and the mechanisms of focal therapy. Separate sections on prostate and kidney follow, covering the role of focal therapy, side effects and their treatment and follow-up after targeted ablation. Written in a practical, clinically-oriented style, Handbook of Focal Therapy for Prostate and Renal Cancer is the ideal reference for urologists, radiologists and radiation oncologists wishing to employ the latest focal therapy techniques in the care of their patients.

Published
2017

242. Prediction of cognition in Parkinson's disease with a clinical–genetic score: a longitudinal analysis of nine cohorts

Author

Liu, Ganqiang, Locascio, Joseph J, Winder-Rhodes, Sophie, Vidailhet, Marie, Bonnet, Anne-Marie, Bonnet, Cecilia, Corvol, Jean-Christophe, Elbaz, Alexis, Grabli, David, Hartmann, Andreas, Klebe, Stephan, Lacomblez, Lucette, Mangone, Graziella, Tanner, Caroline M, Bourdain, Frédéric, Brandel, Jean-Philippe, Derkinderen, Pascal, Durif, Franck, Mesnage, Valérie, Pico, Fernando, Rascol, Olivier, Brefel-Courbon, Christine, Ory-Magne, Fabienne, Lang, Anthony E, Forlani, Sylvie, Lesage, Suzanne, Tahiri, Khadija, Albin, Roger, Alcalay, Roy, Ascherio, Alberto, Bowman, Dubois, Chen-Plotkin, Alice, Dawson, Ted, Eberly, Shirley, Dewey, Richard, German, Dwight, Saunders-Pullman, Rachel, Scherzer, Clemens, Vaillancourt, David, Petyuk, Vladislav, West, Andy, Zhang, Jing, Brice, Alexis, Ravina, Bernard, Shoulson, Ira, Cormier-Dequaire, Florence, Heutink, Peter, van Hilten, Jacobus J, Barker, Roger A, Williams-Gray, Caroline H, Marinus, Johan, Scherzer, Clemens R, HBS, CamPaIGN, PICNICS, PROPARK, Boot, Brendon, PSG, DIGPD, PDBP, Hyman, Bradley T, Ivinson, Adrian J, Trisini-Lipsanopoulos, Ana, Franco, Daly, Burke, Kyle, Sudarsky, Lewis R, Liao, Zhixiang, Hayes, Michael T, Umeh, Chizoba C, Sperling, Reisa, Growdon, John H, Schwarzschild, Michael A, Hung, Albert Y, Flaherty, Alice W, Blacker, Deborah, Wills, Anne-Marie, Sohur, U Shivraj, Page, Kara, Mejia, Nicte I, Viswanathan, Anand, Gomperts, Stephen N, Khurana, Vikram, Albers, Mark W, Alora-Palli, Maria, McGinnis, Scott, Sharma, Nutan, Dickerson, Bradford, Frosch, Matthew, Gomez-Isla, Teresa, Greenberg, Steven, Gusella, James, Hedden, Trey, Hedley-Whyte, E Tessa, Koenig, Aaron, Marquis-Sayagues, Marta, Marshall, Gad, Okereke, Olivia, Stemmer-Rachaminov, Anat, Kloppenburg, Jessica, Schlossmacher, Michael G, Selkoe, Dennis J, Yi, Thomas, Li, Haining, Stalberg, Gabriel, Jansen, Iris E, Barker, Roger, Foltynie, Tom, Williams-Gray, Caroline, Robbins, Trevor, Brayne, Carol, Mason, Sarah, Breen, David P, Cummins, Gemma, Evans, Jonathan, Mallet, Alain, Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Neurodegeneration, and Human genetics

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Gerontology, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, etiology [Cognitive Dysfunction], 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Dementia, Humans, Cognitive Dysfunction, ddc:610, Longitudinal Studies, Cognitive decline, education, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Mini–Mental State Examination, Framingham Risk Score, medicine.diagnostic_test, Proportional hazards model, Hazard ratio, Parkinson Disease, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Prognosis, diagnosis [Dementia], 030104 developmental biology, diagnosis [Cognitive Dysfunction], Quartile, Disease Progression, Female, Neurology (clinical), etiology [Dementia], complications [Parkinson Disease], Psychology, diagnosis [Parkinson Disease], 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Algorithms
Abstract

Summary Background Cognitive decline is a debilitating manifestation of disease progression in Parkinson's disease. We aimed to develop a clinical–genetic score to predict global cognitive impairment in patients with the disease. Methods In this longitudinal analysis, we built a prediction algorithm for global cognitive impairment (defined as Mini Mental State Examination [MMSE] ≤25) using data from nine cohorts of patients with Parkinson's disease from North America and Europe assessed between 1986 and 2016. Candidate predictors of cognitive decline were selected through a backward eliminated Cox's proportional hazards analysis using the Akaike's information criterion. These were used to compute the multivariable predictor on the basis of data from six cohorts included in a discovery population. Independent replication was attained in patients from a further three independent longitudinal cohorts. The predictive score was rebuilt and retested in 10 000 training and test sets randomly generated from the entire study population. Findings 3200 patients with Parkinson's disease who were longitudinally assessed with 27 022 study visits between 1986 and 2016 in nine cohorts from North America and Europe were assessed for eligibility. 235 patients with MMSE ≤25 at baseline and 135 whose first study visit occurred more than 12 years from disease onset were excluded. The discovery population comprised 1350 patients (after further exclusion of 334 with missing covariates) from six longitudinal cohorts with 5165 longitudinal visits over 12·8 years (median 2·8, IQR 1·6–4·6). Age at onset, baseline MMSE, years of education, motor exam score, sex, depression, and β-glucocerebrosidase ( GBA ) mutation status were included in the prediction model. The replication population comprised 1132 patients (further excluding 14 patients with missing covariates) from three longitudinal cohorts with 19 127 follow-up visits over 8·6 years (median 6·5, IQR 4·1–7·2). The cognitive risk score predicted cognitive impairment within 10 years of disease onset with an area under the curve (AUC) of more than 0·85 in both the discovery (95% CI 0·82–0·90) and replication (95% CI 0·78–0·91) populations. Patients scoring in the highest quartile for cognitive risk score had an increased hazard for global cognitive impairment compared with those in the lowest quartile (hazard ratio 18·4 [95% CI 9·4–36·1]). Dementia or disabling cognitive impairment was predicted with an AUC of 0·88 (95% CI 0·79–0·94) and a negative predictive value of 0·92 (95% 0·88–0·95) at the predefined cutoff of 0·196. Performance was stable in 10 000 randomly resampled subsets. Interpretation Our predictive algorithm provides a potential test for future cognitive health or impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease. This model could improve trials of cognitive interventions and inform on prognosis. Funding National Institutes of Health, US Department of Defense.

Published
2017

243. Anxiety is associated with cognitive impairment in newly-diagnosed Parkinson's disease

Author

Dissanayaka, Nadeeka NW, Lawson, Rachael A, Yarnall, Alison J, Duncan, Gordon W, Breen, David P, Khoo, Tien K, Barker, Roger A, Burn, David J, ICICLE-PD Study Group, Barker, Roger [0000-0001-8843-7730], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Male, Parkinson's disease, Mild cognitive impairment, Parkinson Disease, Anxiety, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Cognitive subtypes, Cohort Studies, Humans, Female, Longitudinal Studies, Cognition Disorders, Aged
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Anxiety and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are prevalent non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease (PD). While few studies have demonstrated a possible link between cognitive dysfunction and anxiety in PD, to our knowledge, no studies have directly examined the association between them. This study investigated the association between anxiety and cognitive deficits in newly diagnosed PD patients. METHODS: Patients with newly diagnosed PD (N = 185) were recruited from community and outpatient clinics. Anxiety was assessed using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) clinician rated anxiety item, which has previously been validated against a standardized criteria for the diagnosis of anxiety disorders in PD. Participants scoring ≥2 were classified as anxious. A threshold of 1 SD below normative values (obtained from controls) was used to define cognitive impairment. Impairments in specific cognitive domains were identified as being >1 SD below controls in ≥1 test per domain. RESULTS: After controlling for age, education and motor severity, patients with anxiety were three times more likely to have cognitive impairment compared to those without anxiety (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.2-7.3, p < 0.05). Patients with anxiety were more than twice as likely to be classified as having cognitive impairment due to impairment in the memory domain compared with PD without anxiety (OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.0-5.1, p < 0.05), whilst no associations were found between anxiety and performance on other cognitive domains. CONCLUSION: This study shows an association between anxiety and cognitive impairment (specifically memory impairment). Examining the neural basis of this association warrants future research in this developing field.

Published
2017

244. List of Contributors

Author

Adams, Ashok, Addley, Helen, Agosto, Omar, Al Sarraf, Abdullah A., Alobeidi, Farah, Ameli-Renani, Seyed, Argyropoulou, Maria I., Arthurs, Owen, Balériaux, Danielle, Barber, Joy L., Barentsz, Jelle O., Barkhof, Frederik, Barnett, Joseph L., Barras, Christen D., Barrett, Tristan, Beale, Timothy, Beddy, Peter, Beigelman-Aubry, Catherine, Belli, Anna-Maria, Bhalla, Sanjeev, Bhattacharya, Joti Jonathan, Bogaert, Jan, Bomers, Joyce G.R., Boone, Darren, Bordonaro, Veronica, Breen, David J., Brillet, Pierre-Yves, Campbell, Robert S.D., Campion, Tom, Carey, Brian, Caroline, Dina F., Cazzato, Roberto Luigi, Chateil, Jean-François, Choudhury, Ananya, Chun, Joo-Young, Cook, Gary J.R., Copley, Susan J., Dass, Chandra, Davagnanam, Indran, Davies, A. Mark, Davies, Alun, de Rooij, Maarten, de Roos, Albert, Desai, Sujal R., Devaraj, Anand, Doran, Simon P., Easty, Marina, Evans, Andrew J., Fattori, Rossella, Fetita, Catalin I., Franquet, Tomás, Freeman, Alan H., Freeman, Susan, Gallagher, Ferdia A., Gangi, Afshin, Gibson, Robert N., Gillard, Jonathan H., Gleeson, Fergus, Godfrey, Edmund M., Goh, Vicky, Anson, Beatriz Gomez, Grainger, Andrew J., Granata, Claudio, Grenier, Philippe A., Gunny, Roxana S., Hadi, Mohammed, Hakim, Wasim, Hall, Charles B.O., Hamady, Mohamad, Hartmann, Ieneke J.C., Heaney, Roisin M., Hoskin, Peter, Hughes, Philip M., Humphries, Paul D., Jäger, H. Rolf, James, Steven L.J., James, Jonathan J., Javidan-Nejad, Cylen, Jawad, Susan, Johnson, Karl, Jones, Hefin, Jones, Brynmor P., Kapoor, Geeta, Kasthuri, Ram S., Katsanos, Konstantinos, Kavanagh, Richard G., Keeling, Aoife N., Kelly-Morland, Christian, Kenny, Lizbeth M., Kilburn-Toppin, Fleur, Kolokythas, Orpheus, Kopf, Helmut, Kremer, Stéphane, Krestan, Christian R., Kroft, Lucia J.M., Lagha, Eamon, Lalam, Radhesh, Lee, Michael J., Lomas, David J., Lovato, Luigi, MacVicar, David, Maher, Michael M., Mannelli, Lorenzo, Martin, Rachel M., Matys, Tomasz, McLaughlin, Patrick D., McNally, Eugene, Meaney, James F.M., Mehta, Amrish, Meirelles, Gustavo, Micallef, Caroline, Mistry, Alpesh, Miszkiel, Katherine, Morgan, Robert A., Mortensen, Kristian H., Moss, Jonathan G., Murray, Timothy E., Nair, Arjun, Nandra, Gurinder S., Natale, Luigi, O'Connor, Owen J., O'Connor, Philip, O'Donnell, Paul, Offiah, Amaka C., Olsen, Øystein E., Müller, Lil-Sofie Ording, O'Regan, Kevin, Owens, Catherine M., Padley, Simon P.G., Parizel, Paul M., Parkar, Nadeem, Patel, Anish, Patel, Uday, Patsch, Janina M., Pizzini, Francesca Benedetta, Plumb, Andrew, Popat, Sanjay, Power, Stephen P., Prezzi, Davide, Quail, Michael A., Rankine, James J., Ratnam, Lakshmi, Rawal, Bhavin, Reekers, Jim A., Reynolds, John H., Reznek, Rodney H., Riccabona, Michael, Rosendahl, Karen, Rottenberg, Giles, Rovira, Àlex, Rowbotham, Emma L., Russo, Vincenzo, Rutherford, Elizabeth E., Sabharwal, Tarun, Sahdev, Anju, Saifuddin, Asif, Sala, Evis, Saunders, Dawn E., Schima, Wolfgang, Scoffings, Daniel J., Screaton, Nicholas J., Sellon, Edward, Semple, Thomas R., Serrao, Eva M., Shaida, Nadeem, Shakur, Amreen, Sheikh-Bahaei, Nasim, Shepherd, Beth, Siebelink, Hans-Marc J., Silva, Mario, Singh, Jaspreet, Smith, Jan, Sundgren, Pia C., Sutherland, Tom R., Sverzellati, Nicola, Symons, Rolf, Taylor, Andrew M., Taylor, Stuart A., Thakor, Avnesh S., Thurnher, Majda M., Thust, Steffie, Toms, Andoni P., Tsakok, Maria, Tyler, Philippa, Uberoi, Raman, van den Hauwe, Luc, van Goethem, Johan W., Thielen, Thomas Van, Varghese, Sibu, Verma, Hema, Verschakelen, Johny A., Villeirs, Geert M., Vinnicombe, Sarah J., Warbey, Victoria S., Watson, Tom A., Westenberg, Jos J.M., Yadavali, Reddi Prasad, and Yamamoto, Adam Kenji

Published
2021
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246. Examining perivascular spaces (PVS) in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) using a novel T1- based automated PVS segmentation tool

Author

Gibson, Erin, Ramirez, Joel, Woods, Lauren A., Sommers, Rosa, Ghahjaverestan, Nasim M., Scott, Christopher J.M., Gao, Fuqiang, Lang, Anthony E., Marras, Connie, Breen, David P., Tartaglia, Maria C., Binns, Malcolm A., Bartha, Robert, Symons, Sean, Swartz, Richard H., Masellis, Mario, Black, Sandra E., Moody, Alan, Lim, Andrew SP, and Goubran, Maged

Abstract

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) and MRI-visible perivascular spaces (PVS) are neuroimaging features of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). PVS are believed to play a role in cerebral metabolic waste clearance, particularly during sleep, and emerging evidence suggests that sleep disturbances are among the earliest symptoms of dementia. However, PVS quantification remains challenging and not accessible, particularly in complex patients with neurovascular and neurodegenerative disease. We developed and validated an automated deep learning-based PVS quantification method using multi-site patient MRI with varying degrees of CSVD burden. Additionally, we examined the correlation between PVS volumes and age in patients undergoing treatment for sleep apnea.

Published
2024
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248. Impact of variants on long-term clinical progression and mortality in incident Parkinson's disease.

Author

Stoker, Thomas B., Camacho, Marta, Winder-Rhodes, Sophie, Ganqiang Liu, Scherzer, Clemens R., Foltynie, Thomas, Evans, Jonathan, Breen, David P., Barker, Roger A., Williams-Gray, Caroline H., and Liu, Ganqiang

Subjects
PARKINSON'S disease, AGE of onset, MILD cognitive impairment, DISEASE progression, RESEARCH, GENETIC mutation, RESEARCH methodology, EVALUATION research, MEDICAL cooperation, COMPARATIVE studies, GLYCOSIDASES, RESEARCH funding
Abstract

Introduction: Variants in the GBA1 gene have been identified as a common risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). In addition to pathogenic mutations (those associated with Gaucher disease), a number of 'non-pathogenic' variants also occur at increased frequency in PD. Previous studies have reported that pathogenic variants adversely affect the clinical course of PD. The role of 'non-pathogenic' GBA1 variants on PD course is less clear. In this study, we report the effect of GBA1 variants in incident PD patients with long-term follow-up.Methods: The study population consisted of patients in the Cambridgeshire Incidence of Parkinson's disease from General Practice to Neurologist and Parkinsonism: Incidence, Cognition and Non-motor heterogeneity in Cambridgeshire cohorts. Patients were grouped into non-carriers, carriers of 'non-pathogenic' GBA1 variants and carriers of pathogenic GBA1 mutations. Survival analyses for time to development of dementia, postural instability and death were carried out. Cox regression analysis controlling for potential confounders were used to determine the impact of GBA1 variants on these outcome measures.Results: GBA1 variants were identified in 14.4% of patients. Pathogenic and 'non-pathogenic' GBA1 variants were associated with the accelerated development of dementia and a more aggressive motor course. Pathogenic GBA1 variants were associated with earlier mortality in comparison with non-carriers, independent of the development of dementia.Discussion: GBA1 variants, including those not associated with Gaucher disease, are common in PD and result in a more aggressive disease course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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249. New awakenings: current understanding of sleep dysfunction and its treatment in Parkinson's disease.

Author

Keir, Lindsay H. M. and Breen, David P.

Subjects
*PARKINSON'S disease, *RAPID eye movement sleep, *BEHAVIOR disorders, *SLEEP, *SLEEP disorders
Abstract

The non-motor features of Parkinson's disease (PD) are increasingly being recognised. This review deals with the spectrum of sleep disorders associated with PD, which have a multifactorial aetiology and can significantly have an impact on the quality of life of patients and their carers. Some sleep disorders represent a prodromal phase of PD, with REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) being of particular interest in this regard, whereas others become more common as the disease advances. Understanding the pathophysiology of these sleep disturbances will hopefully lead to new treatment opportunities in the future. The recent discovery of the glymphatic system for removal of waste products from the brain has also raised the possibility that sleep disruption may cause or accelerate the underlying disease process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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250. Adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) affects CT radiomics quantification in primary colorectal cancer.

Author

Prezzi, Davide, Owczarczyk, Katarzyna, Bassett, Paul, Siddique, Muhammad, Breen, David J., Cook, Gary J. R., and Goh, Vicky

Subjects
COLORECTAL cancer, IMAGE reconstruction algorithms, MULTIDETECTOR computed tomography, REAR-screen projection, REGRESSION analysis
Abstract

Objectives: To investigate whether adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR), a hybrid iterative CT image reconstruction algorithm, affects radiomics feature quantification in primary colorectal cancer compared to filtered back projection. Additionally, to establish whether radiomics from single-slice analysis undergo greater change than those from multi-slice analysis.Methods: Following review board approval, contrast-enhanced CT studies from 32 prospective primary colorectal cancer patients were reconstructed with 20% ASIR level increments, from 0 to 100%. Radiomics analysis was applied to single-slice and multi-slice regions of interest outlining the tumour: 70 features, including statistical (first-, second- and high-order) and fractal radiomics, were generated per dataset. The effect of ASIR was calculated by means of multilevel linear regression.Results: Twenty-eight CT datasets were suitable for analysis. Incremental ASIR levels determined a significant change (p < 0.001) in most statistical radiomics features, best described by a simple linear relationship. First-order statistical features, including mean, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, energy and entropy, underwent a relatively small change in both single-slice and multi-slice analysis (median standardised effect size B = 0.08). Second-order statistical features, including grey-level co-occurrence and difference matrices, underwent a greater change in single-slice analysis (median B = 0.36) than in multi-slice analysis (median B = 0.13). Fractal features underwent a significant change only in single-slice analysis (median B = 0.49).Conclusions: Incremental levels of ASIR affect significantly CT radiomics quantification in primary colorectal cancer. Second-order statistical and fractal features derived from single-slice analysis undergo greater change than those from multi-slice analysis.Key Points: • Incremental levels of ASIR determine a significant change in most statistical (first-, second- and high-order) CT radiomics features measured in primary colorectal cancer, best described by a linear relationship. • First-order statistical features undergo a small change, both from single-slice and multi-slice radiomics analyses. • Most second-order statistical features undergo a greater change in single-slice analysis than in multi-slice analysis. Fractal features are only affected in single-slice analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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