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Background Neurological COVID-19 disease has been reported widely, but published studies often lack information on neurological outcomes and prognostic risk factors. We aimed to describe the spectrum of neurological disease in hospitalised COVID-19 patients; characterise clinical outcomes; and investigate factors associated with a poor outcome. Methods We conducted an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis of hospitalised patients with neurological COVID-19 disease, using standard case definitions. We invited authors of studies from the first pandemic wave, plus clinicians in the Global COVID-Neuro Network with unpublished data, to contribute. We analysed features associated with poor outcome (moderate to severe disability or death, 3 to 6 on the modified Rankin Scale) using multivariable models. Results We included 83 studies (31 unpublished) providing IPD for 1979 patients with COVID-19 and acute new-onset neurological disease. Encephalopathy (978 [49%] patients) and cerebrovascular events (506 [26%]) were the most common diagnoses. Respiratory and systemic symptoms preceded neurological features in 93% of patients; one third developed neurological disease after hospital admission. A poor outcome was more common in patients with cerebrovascular events (76% [95% CI 67–82]), than encephalopathy (54% [42–65]). Intensive care use was high (38% [35–41]) overall, and also greater in the cerebrovascular patients. In the cerebrovascular, but not encephalopathic patients, risk factors for poor outcome included breathlessness on admission and elevated D-dimer. Overall, 30-day mortality was 30% [27–32]. The hazard of death was comparatively lower for patients in the WHO European region. Interpretation Neurological COVID-19 disease poses a considerable burden in terms of disease outcomes and use of hospital resources from prolonged intensive care and inpatient admission; preliminary data suggest these may differ according to WHO regions and country income levels. The dif

The population of isomeric states in the prompt decay of fission fragments-so-called isomeric yield ratios (IYRs)-is known to be sensitive to the angular momentum J that the fragment emerged with, and may therefore contain valuable information on the mechanism behind the fission process. In this work, we investigate how changes in the fissioning system impact the measured IYRs of fission fragments to learn more about what parameters affect angular momentum generation. To enable this, a new technique for measuring IYRs is first demonstrated. It is based on the time of arrival of discrete gamma rays, and has the advantage that it enables the study of the IYR as a function of properties of the partner nucleus. This technique is used to extract the IYR of 134Te, strongly populated in actinide fission, from the three different fissioning systems: 232Th(n, f), 238U(n, f), at two different neutron energies, as well as 252Cf(sf). The impacts of changing the fissioning system, the compound nuclear excitation energy, the minimum J of the binary partner, and the number of neutrons emitted on the IYR of 134Te are determined. The decay code TALYS is used in combination with the fission simulation code FREYA to calculate the primary fragment angular momentum from the IYR. We find that the IYR of 134Te has a slope of 0.004 +/- 0.002 with increase in compound nucleus (CN) mass. When investigating the impact on the IYR of increased CN excitation energy, we find no change with an energy increase similar to the difference between thermal and fast fission. By varying the mass of the partner fragment emerging with 134Te, it is revealed that the IYR of 134Te is independent of the total amount of prompt neutrons emitted from the fragment pair. This indicates that neutrons carry minimal angular momentum away from the fission fragments. Comparisons with the FREYA+TALYS simulations reveal that the average angular momentum in 134Te following 238U(n, f) is 6.0 h over bar . This is not consiste

Purpose This special issue seeks to create an interdisciplinary community of researchers applying decision-making theory to the international marketing context. The articles published in this special issue contain cutting-edge conceptual and empirical studies that enhance existing knowledge on international marketing decision-making. Design/methodology/approach Thirty-six (36) manuscripts were submitted to the editorial office focusing on a broad range of international marketing decision-making. Following a thorough review process, a collection of five original empirical studies on different facets of international marketing decision-making from multiple theoretical, contextual and methodological perspectives are included in this Special Issue. Findings Overall, the combined evidence presented in this Special Issue shows that the general field of international marketing decision-making is starting to mature. Evidence from the contributors to this Special Issue shows that researchers have taken inspiration from both the past and the present when designing and crafting their research and, by doing so, they have collectively contributed to new knowledge in terms of international marketing decision-making principles, decision-maker personality traits, the consequences of international marketing decisions and cross-cultural differences with regards to decision-making influences and behavior. Originality/value With few exceptions, not much is known about how international marketing decisions are made. Yet, the way international marketing decisions are made is critical for international marketing success. This sphere of international marketing decision-making research, while relatively anemic, is typically underpinned by behavioral economic theories of decision-making, such that a duality in decision-making processes is identified. Nevertheless, international marketing and management studies are dominated by the planning paradigm, while in practice, managers often see the

La zona vitícola asturiana, se sitúa en el suroccidente del Principado de Asturias. Se enmarca en la denominada viticultura heroica, por desarrollarse en zona de montaña y fuerte pendiente. Existen diferencias microclimáticas, en función de la ubicación y orografía de cada parcela, influyendo notablemente en el manejo del cultivo y en las características y calidad del vino. Entre las variedades autóctonas utilizadas, destacan mayoritariamente el Albarín Blanco y el Verdejo Negro. La tesis aborda el estudio del comportamiento de un clon de Albarín Blanco y otro de Verdejo Negro, cultivados en viñedos situados en distintos puntos geográficos de D.O. Los resultados muestran notables diferencias en la calidad de la uva, en la incidencia a enfermedades (Mildiu, Oidio, Botrytis) y en la concentración de polifenoles en el vino.

Downy mildew is one of the most destructive diseases affecting grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.). Caused by the oomycete Plasmopara viticola (Berk. and Curt.) Berl. and de Toni, it can appear anywhere where vines are cultivated. It is habitually controlled by the application of phytosanitary agents (copper-based or systemic) at different stages of the vine growth cycle. This, however, is costly, can lead to reduced yields, has a considerable environmental impact, and its overuse close to harvest can cause fermentation problems. All grapevines are susceptible to this disease, although the degree of susceptibility differs between varieties. Market demands and European legislation on viticulture and the use of phytosanitary agents (art. 14 of Directive 128/2009/EC) now make it important to know the sensitivity of all available varieties, including minority varieties. Such knowledge allows for a more appropriate use of phytosanitary agents, fosters the commercial use of these varieties and thus increases the offer of wines associated with different terroirs, and helps identify material for use in crop improvement programmes via crossing or genetic transformation, etc. Over 2020–2021, the susceptibility to P. viticola of 63 minority vine varieties from different regions of Spain was examined in the laboratory using the leaf disc technique. Some 87% of these varieties were highly susceptible and 11% moderately susceptible; just 2% showed low susceptibility. The least susceptible of all was the variety Morate (Madrid, IMIDRA). Those showing intermediate susceptibility included the varieties Sanguina (Castilla la Mancha, IVICAM), Planta Mula (Comunidad Valenciana, ITVE), Rayada Melonera (Madrid, IMIDRA), Zamarrica (Galicia, EVEGA), Cariñena Roja (Cataluña, INCAVI), Mandrègue (Aragón, DGA) and Bastardo Blanco (Extremadura, CICYTEX). The highly susceptible varieties could be differentiated into three subgroups depending on sporulation severity and density.

Leaf morphology in plants is very important in the evaluation of intraspecific variation. Indeed, the leaves of the fig tree (Ficus carica L.) present a great diversity of shape and size. The present study consists of the botanical, morphological, and morphometric characterization of the leaves of 26 local fig tree varieties cultivated in different areas of Bejaia (northeast Algeria). Our results indicate that the morphological parameters of the leaves allowed a good differentiation of the studied cultivars according to the descriptors (UPOV) among varieties and independent of their growing environment. Moreover, the method of morphometric description proposed in this paper allows the differentiation of varieties and the comparison among them in an objective way and by simple mathematical methods. This method demonstrates the existence of a very high percentage of polymorphisms within the studied varieties, but also their classification according to the number of lobes, the depth of the lateral sinuses, and the degree of openness of the angles performed by the main veins of the leaves. The Azougagh variety is characterized by wider angles, and, on the contrary, the Tassahlit variety has the least-open angles. None of the studied varieties presented “entire” leaves. The majority presented leaves with five lobes. The varieties Tilizwith, Tazarzourth, Avarkan, Tamkarkourth, and Inconnu B differed clearly from the rest by showing leaves with seven lobes and deep lateral sinuses. In contrast, the varieties Zarika, Baccor Blanc, Avarkan Lisse, and Avgaiti presented leaves with only three lobes. This is the first work on fig tree characterization using morphometric methods, which are shown to be complementary to the UPOV code and efficient in separating even the closed varieties. It will be interesting to extend these studies to larger scales and areas.

The aim of this review was to describe the effects of air pollution on well-being and quality of life in Latin American countries, following the systematic methods of the PRISMA-P guidelines. A systematic search of empirical studies published in Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, Scielo and PubMed databases was performed. Thus 17 relevant studies published between 1986 and 2021 were identified: 16 with quantitative designs and 1 a qualitative design. The selected studies were grouped into three thematic approaches: mental health (41 %), negative emotions (35 %) and subjective well-being (24 %). The results indicate that air pollution influences various components of well-being, such as satisfaction with life, subjective well-being, perception of quality of life, symptoms of depression or anxiety, negative emotions such as anguish, annoyance, and frustration, among others. However, there were also multiple empirical gaps to be filled., El objetivo de este artículo fue describir los efectos de la contaminación atmosférica sobre el bienestar y la calidad de vida en los países latinoamericanos, siguiendo los métodos sistemáticos de las guías PRIMA-P. A tal fin, se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de estudios empíricos publicados en las bases de datos de WoS, Scopus, Scielo y PubMed. Así, se identificaron 17 estudios relevantes publicados entre 1986 y 2021: 16 con diseños cuantitativos y 1 con diseño cualitativo. Los estudios seleccionados se agruparon en tres enfoques temáticos: salud mental (41 %), emociones negativas (35 %) y bienestar subjetivo (24 %). Los resultados indican que la contaminación acústica influye en varios componentes del bienestar, como la satisfacción con la vida, el bienestar subjetivo, la percepción de la calidad de vida, los síntomas de depresión o ansiedad, las emociones negativas como la angustia, la molestia y la frustración, entre otras. Sin embargo, también había múltiples vacíos empíricos que llenar.

El empleo de variedades minoritarias de vid se ha sugerido como una táctica para luchar contra el actual cambio climático y la pérdida de material genético. También como una estrategia de marketing de las bodegas ante la globalización actual y la demanda del mercado de productos con marcada tipicidad. Antes de proponer el empleo de una determinada variedad es necesario asegurar su posible efecto positivo ante problemas concretos de la viticultura ibérica actual. En este trabajo se ha investigado durante el periodo 2020-22, la fenología, la resistencia a enfermedades fúngicas y a la sequía de las variedades blancas minoritarias Bastardo Blanco, Cagarrizo, Hebén, Verdejo Serrano y Zurieles. Se ha considerado Cayetana como variedad control. El promedio de la fecha del año en estados fenológicos fue Zurieles ¿ Verdejo Serrano < Heben < Bastardo Blanco < Cagarrizo < Cayetana, siendo ésta última la más tardía. En cuanto al uso eficiente del agua, las variedades Hebén y Cayetana podrían considerarse las más eficientes seguidas muy de cerca por Zurieles, Bastardo Blanco y Cagarrizo y la menos eficiente, sería Verdejo Serrano. En cuanto a la resistencia a enfermedades fúngicas, Bastardo Blanco destacó por su mayor resistencia a mildiu (Plasmopara vitícola) y oídio (Erysiphe necator).

The very proton-rich 71Kr isotope was produced through the in-flight fragmentation of 78Kr on a beryllium target at RIKEN ¿ Nishina Center in order to study its ß-decay properties. A stack of double-sided silicon strip detectors, called WAS3ABi, was used as the decay station, where the detection of ion implants, ß-decays and ß-delayed protons took place. Beta-delayed ¿-rays were measured using a system of 84 HPGe detectors, called EURICA, surrounding the decay station. The main goal of the present study was the precise measurement of the half-life of 71Kr, as in the literature there is an almost 10 ¿ difference between the most precise independent results. Implant¿ß time correlations, implant¿proton time correlations and implant¿ß¿¿ time correlations were all used to derive the half-life value, followed by a thorough investigation of systematic uncertainties for each method. As these values were found to be consistent, the weighted average t1/2 = 94.40+19ms is reported as a new half-life value in this work. Furthermore a total of 26 previously unreported ¿ following the ß-decay of 71Kr were also identified in the analysis.

The article presents a review of the research on green hydrogen from the social sciences, identifying its main lines of research, its problems, and the relevant challenges due to the benefits and impacts that this energy vector has on energy transitions and climate change. The review analyzes a corpus of 78 articles indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) and SCOPUS, published between 1997 and 2022. The review identified three research areas related to green hydrogen and the challenges for the social sciences in the future: (a) risks, socio-environmental impacts, and public perception; (b) public policies and regulation and (c) social acceptance and willingness to use associated technologies. Our results show that Europe and Asia lead the research on green hydrogen from the social sciences. Also, most of the works focus on the area of public policy and regulation and social acceptance. Instead, the field of social perception of risk is much less developed. We found that little research from the social sciences has focused on assessments of the social and environmental impacts of hydrogen on local communities and indigenous groups, as well as the participation of local authorities in rural locations. Likewise, there are few integrated studies (technical and social) that would allow a better assessment of hydrogen and cleaner energy transitions. Finally, the lack of familiarity with this technology in many cases constitutes a limitation when evaluating its acceptance.