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201. On some Refraction Billiards

Author

De Blasi, Irene and Terracini, Susanna

Subjects
Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, 37N05, 70G75, 70F16, 70F10
Abstract

The aim of this work is to continue the analysis, started in arXiv:2105.02108, of the dynamics of a point-mass particle $P$ moving in a galaxy with an harmonic biaxial core, in whose center sits a Keplerian attractive center (e.g. a Black Hole). Accordingly, the plane $\mathbb R^2$ is divided into two complementary domains, depending on whether the gravitational effects of the galaxy's mass distribution or of the Black Hole prevail. Thus, solutions alternate arcs of Keplerian hyperbolae with harmonic ellipses; at the interface, the trajectory is refracted according to Snell's law. The model was introduced in arXiv:1501.05577, in view of applications to astrodynamics. In this paper we address the general issue of periodic and quasi-periodic orbits and associated caustics when the domain is a perturbation of the circle, taking advantage of KAM and Aubry-Mather theories.

Published
2021

203. Comparison of baseline patient characteristics in Italian oncology drug monitoring registries and clinical trials: a real-world cross-sectional study

Author

Iacovino, Maria Lucia, Celant, Simone, Tomassini, Luca, Arenare, Laura, Caglio, Andrea, Canciello, Andrea, Salerno, Flavio, Olimpieri, Pier Paolo, Di Segni, Susanna, Sferrazza, Antonella, Piccirillo, Maria Carmela, Beretta, Giordano Domenico, Pinto, Carmine, Blasi, Livio, Cinieri, Saverio, Cavanna, Luigi, Di Maio, Massimo, Russo, Pierluigi, and Perrone, Francesco

Published
2024
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208. Bronchiectasis and asthma: Data from the European Bronchiectasis Registry (EMBARC)

Author

Polverino, Eva, Dimakou, Katerina, Traversi, Letizia, Bossios, Apostolos, Haworth, Charles S., Loebinger, Michael R., De Soyza, Anthony, Vendrell, Montserrat, Burgel, Pierre-Régis, Mertsch, Pontus, McDonnell, Melissa, Škrgat, Sabina, Maiz Carro, Luis, Sibila, Oriol, van der Eerden, Menno, Kauppi, Paula, Hill, Adam T., Wilson, Robert, Milenkovic, Branislava, Menendez, Rosario, Murris, Marlene, Digalaki, Tonia, Crichton, Megan L., Borecki, Sermin, Obradovic, Dusanka, Nowinski, Adam, Amorim, Adelina, Torres, Antoni, Lorent, Natalie, Welte, Tobias, Blasi, Francesco, Van Braeckel, Eva, Altenburg, Josje, Shoemark, Amelia, Shteinberg, Michal, Boersma, Wim, Elborn, J. Stuart, Aliberti, Stefano, Ringshausen, Felix C., Chalmers, James D., and Goeminne, Pieter C.

Published
2024
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211. The relationship between the resting state functional connectivity and social cognition in schizophrenia: Results from the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses

Author

Rocca, Paola, Brasso, Claudio, Montemagni, Cristiana, Del Favero, Elisa, Bellino, Silvio, Bozzatello, Paola, Giordano, Giulia Maria, Caporusso, Edoardo, Fazio, Leonardo, Pergola, Giulio, Blasi, Giuseppe, Amore, Mario, Calcagno, Pietro, Rossi, Rodolfo, Rossi, Alessandro, Bertolino, Alessandro, Galderisi, Silvana, and Maj, Mario

Published
2024
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213. Decoding the historical tale: COVID-19 impact on haematological malignancy patients—EPICOVIDEHA insights from 2020 to 2022

Author

Martín-Vallejo, Francisco Javier, Zdziarski, Przemyslaw, Zarrinfer, Hossein, Wittig, Jana, Win, Sein, Wai-Man, Vivien, Víšek, Benjamín, Vinh, Donald C., Vehreschild, Maria, Varricchio, Gina, Tsirigotis, Panagiotis, Torres-Tienza, Ana, Tanase, Alina Daniela, Tafuri, Agostino, Stamouli, Maria, Sramek, Jiří, Soussain, Carole, Shirinova, Ayten, Schubert, Jörg, Schalk, Enrico, Salehi, Mohammad Reza, Saleh, Modar, Rosati, Giorgio, Roldán, Elisa, Reizine, Florian, Rêgo, Mayara, Regalado-Artamendi, Isabel, Popova, Marina, Pinto, Fernando, Philippe, Laure, Orth, Hans Martin, Ommen, Hans-Beier, Obr, Aleš, Núñez-Martín-Buitrago, Lucía, Noël, Nicolas, Neuhann, Julia, Nadali, Gianpaolo, Nacov, Julia A., Munhoz Alburquerque, Ana M., Mitra, Maria Enza, Mikulska, Malgorzata, Mellinghoff, Sibylle, Mechtel, Ben, Martín-González, Juan-Alberto, Malak, Sandra, Loureiro-Amigo, Jorge, Lorenzo De La Peña, Lisset, Liberti, Giulia, Landau, Marianne, Lacej, Ira, Kolditz, Martin, Kho, Chi Shan, Khedr, Reham Abdelaziz, Karthaus, Meinolf, Karlsson, Linda Katharina, Jiménez-Lorenzo, María-Josefa, Izuzquiza, Macarena, Hoell-Neugebauer, Baerbel, Herbrecht, Raoul, Heath, Christopher H., Guolo, Fabio, Grothe, Jan, Giordano, Antonio, Gerasymchuk, Sergey, García-Sanz, Ramón, García-Poutón, Nicole, Funke, Vaneuza Araújo Moreira, Fung, Monica, Flasshove, Charlotte, Fianchi, Luana, Essame, Jenna, Egger, Matthias, Drenou, Bernard, Dragonetti, Giulia, Desole, Maximilian, Della Pepa, Roberta, Deau Fischer, Bénédicte, De Kort, Elizabeth, De Cabo, Erik, Danion, François, Daguindau, Etienne, Cushion, Tania, Cremer, Louise, Criscuolo, Marianna, Cordini, Gregorio, Cingolani, Antonella, Ciceri, Fabio, Chowdhury, Fazle Rabbi, Chelysheva, Ekaterina, Chauchet, Adrien, Chai, Louis Yi Ann, Ceesay, M. Mansour, Busch, Elena, Brehon, Mathias, Borducchi, Davimar M.M., Booth, Stephen, Bologna, Serge, Berg Venemyr, Caroline, Bailén-Almorox, Rebeca, Antoniadou, Anastasia, Anastasopoulou, Amalia N., Altuntaş, Fevzi, Salmanton-García, Jon, Marchesi, Francesco, Farina, Francesca, Weinbergerová, Barbora, Itri, Federico, Dávila-Valls, Julio, Martín-Pérez, Sonia, Glenthøj, Andreas, Hersby, Ditte Stampe, Gomes Da Silva, Maria, Nunes Rodrigues, Raquel, López-García, Alberto, Córdoba, Raúl, Bilgin, Yavuz M., Falces-Romero, Iker, El-Ashwah, Shaimaa, Emarah, Ziad, Besson, Caroline, Kohn, Milena, Van Doesum, Jaap, Ammatuna, Emanuele, Marchetti, Monia, Labrador, Jorge, Zambrotta, Giovanni Paolo Maria, Verga, Luisa, Jaksic, Ozren, Nucci, Marcio, Piukovics, Klára, Cabirta-Touzón, Alba, Jiménez, Moraima, Arellano, Elena, Espigado, Ildefonso, Blennow, Ola, Nordlander, Anna, Meers, Stef, Vian Praet, Jens, Aiello, Tommaso Francesco, Garcia-Vidal, Carolina, Fracchiolla, Nicola S., Sciumè, Mariarita, Seval, Guldane Cengiz, Žák, Pavel, Buquicchio, Caterina, Tascini, Carlo, Gräfe, Stefanie K., Schönlein, Martin, Adžić-VUKIČEVIĆ, Tatjana, Bonuomo, Valentina, Cattaneo, Chiara, Nizamuddin, Summiya, Čerňan, Martin, Plantefeve, Gaëtan, Prin, Romane, Szotkovski, Tomas, Collins, Graham P., Dargenio, Michelina, Petzer, Verena, Wolf, Dominik, Čolović, Natasha, Prezioso, Lucia, Valković, Toni, Passamonti, Francesco, Méndez, Gustavo-Adolfo, Sili, Uluhan, Vena, Antonio, Bavastro, Martina, Limongelli, Alessandro, Duarte, Rafael F., Ledoux, Marie-Pierre, Cvetanoski, Milche, Stojanoski, Zlate, Machado, Marina, Batinić, Josip, Magliano, Gabriele, Biernat, Monika M., Pantić, Nikola, Poulsen, Christian Bjørn, Cuccaro, Annarosa, Del Principe, Maria Ilaria, Kulasekararaj, Austin, Ormazabal-Vélez, Irati, Busca, Alessandro, Demirkan, Fatih, Ijaz, Marriyam, Klimko, Nikolai, Stoma, Igor, Khostelidi, Sofya, Fernández, Noemí, Omrani, Ali S., Bergantim, Rui, De Jonge, Nick, Fouquet, Guillemette, Navrátil, Milan, Abu-Zeinah, Ghaith, Samarkos, Michail, Maertens, Johan, De Ramón, Cristina, Guidetti, Anna, Magyari, Ferenc, González-López, Tomás José, Lahmer, Tobias, Finizio, Olimpia, Ali, Natasha, Pinczés, László Imre, Lavilla-Rubira, Esperanza, Romano, Alessandra, Merelli, Maria, Delia, Mario, Calbacho, Maria, Meletiadis, Joseph, Antić, Darko, Hernández-Rivas, José-Ángel, Marques De Almeida, Joyce, Al-Khabori, Murtadha, Hoenigl, Martin, Tisi, Maria Chiara, Khanna, Nina, Barać, Aleksandra, Eisa, Noha, Di Blasi, Roberta, Liévin, Raphaël, Miranda-Castillo, Carolina, Bahr, Nathan C., Lamure, Sylvain, Papa, Mario Virgilio, Yahya, Ayel, Aujayeb, Avinash, Novák, Jan, Erben, Nurettin, Fernández-Galán, María, Ribera-Santa Susana, José-María, Rinaldi, Ikhwan, Fazzi, Rita, Piedimonte, Monica, Duléry, Rémy, Gonzaga, Yung, Soto-Silva, Andrés, Sapienza, Giuseppe, Serris, Alexandra, Drgoňa, Ľuboš, Groh, Ana, Serrano, Laura, Gavriilaki, Eleni, Tragiannidis, Athanasios, Prattes, Juergen, Coppola, Nicola, Otašević, Vladimir, Mladenović, Miloš, Mitrović, Mirjana, Mišković, Bojana, Jindra, Pavel, Zompi, Sofia, Sacchi, Maria Vittoria, Krekeler, Carolin, Shumilov, Evgenii, Infante, Maria Stefania, García-Bordallo, Daniel, Çolak, Gökçe Melis, Mayer, Jiří, Nygaard, Marietta, Hanáková, Michaela, Ráčil, Zdeněk, Quattrone, Martina, Bonanni, Matteo, Koehler, Philipp, Rahimli, Laman, Cornely, Oliver A., and Pagano, Livio

Published
2024
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224. Effects of CPAP and FiO2 on respiratory effort and lung stress in early COVID-19 pneumonia: a randomized, crossover study

Author

Giosa, Lorenzo, Collins, Patrick Duncan, Sciolla, Martina, Cerrone, Francesca, Di Blasi, Salvatore, Macrì, Matteo Maria, Davicco, Luca, Laguzzi, Andrea, Gorgonzola, Fabiana, Penso, Roberto, Steinberg, Irene, Muraccini, Massimo, Perboni, Alberto, Russotto, Vincenzo, Camporota, Luigi, Bellani, Giacomo, and Caironi, Pietro

Published
2023
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232. SARS-CoV-2 viral entry and replication is impaired in Cystic Fibrosis airways due to ACE2 downregulation

Author

Bezzerri, Valentino, Gentili, Valentina, Api, Martina, Finotti, Alessia, Papi, Chiara, Tamanini, Anna, Boni, Christian, Baldisseri, Elena, Olioso, Debora, Duca, Martina, Tedesco, Erika, Leo, Sara, Borgatti, Monica, Volpi, Sonia, Pinton, Paolo, Cabrini, Giulio, Gambari, Roberto, Blasi, Francesco, Lippi, Giuseppe, Rimessi, Alessandro, Rizzo, Roberta, and Cipolli, Marco

Published
2023
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236. Dexamethasone treatment for COVID-19 is related to increased mortality in hematologic malignancy patients: results from the EPICOVIDEHA Registry

Author

Tommaso Francesco Aiello, Jon Salmanton-Garcia, Francesco Marchesi, Barbora Weinbergerova, Andreas Glenthoj, Jens Van Praet, Francesca Farina, Julio Davila-Valls, Sonia Martin-Perez, Shaimaa El-Ashwah, Martin Schonlein, Iker Falces-Romero, Jorge Labrador, Uluhan Sili, Caterina Buquicchio, Antonio Vena, Gaetan Plantefeve, Verena Petzer, Monika M. Biernat, Tobias Lahmer, Ildefonso Espigado, Jaap Van Doesum, Ola Blennow, Klara Piukovics, Carlo Tascini, Michail Samarkos, Yavuz M. Bilgin, Luana Fianchi, Federico Itri, Toni Valković, Nicola S. Fracchiolla, Michelina Dargenio, Moraima Jimenez, Ferenc Magyari, Alberto Lopez-Garcia, Lucia Prezioso, Natasha Čolović, Evgenii Shumilov, Ghaith Abu-Zeinah, Carolin Krekeler, Esperanza Lavilla-Rubira, Mario Virgilio Papa, Tomas Jose Gonzalez-Lopez, Laszlo Imre Pinczes, Fatih Demirkan, Natasha Ali, Caroline Besson, Guillemette Fouquet, Alessandra Romano, Jose-Angel Hernandez-Rivas, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Avinash Aujayeb, Maria Merelli, Sylvain Lamure, Joyce Marques De Almeida, Maria Gomes Da Silva, Noha Eisa, Joseph Meletiadis, Ikhwan Rinaldi, Olimpia Finizio, Ozren Jaksic, Mario Delia, Summiya Nizamuddin, Monia Marchetti, Marriyam Ijaz, Marina Machado, Rebeca Bailen-Almorox, Martin Čerňan, Nicola Coppola, Eleni Gavriilaki, Chiara Cattaneo, Ana Groh, Zlate Stojanoski, Nurettin Erben, Nicola Pantic, Gustavo-Adolfo Mendez, Roberta Di Blasi, Stef Meers, Cristina De Ramon, Nathan C. Bahr, Ziad Emarah, Gina Varricchio, Milche Cvetanoski, Ramon Garcia-Sanz, Mirjana Mitrovic, Raphael Lievin, Michaela Hanakova, Zdeněk Račil, Maria Vehreschild, Athanasios Tragiannidis, Raquel Nunes Rodrigues, Daniel Garcia-Bordallo, Raul Cordoba, Alba Cabirta, Anna Nordlander, Emanuele Ammatuna, Elena Arellano, Dominik Wolf, Romane Prin, Alessandro Limongelli, Martina Bavastro, Gokce Melis Colak, Stefanie Grafe, Ditte Stampe Hersby, Laman Rahimli, Oliver A. Cornely, Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Livio Pagano, and EPICOVIDEHA study group

Subjects
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Published
2024
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237. Perceived burden of respiratory physiotherapy in people with cystic fibrosis taking elexacaftor–tezacaftor–ivacaftor combination: a 1-year observational study

Author

Chiara Blardone, Simone Gambazza, Alessandra Mariani, Rachele Galgani, Anna Brivio, Rita Maria Nobili, Carmela Rizza, Anna Luisa Tutino, Andrea Gramegna, Valeria Daccò, Martina Contarini, Francesco Blasi, and Dario Laquintana

Subjects
Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Background: To limit the progression of disease, people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) perform daily respiratory physiotherapy, which is perceived as the most burdensome routine in managing their condition. The elexacaftor–tezacaftor–ivacaftor (ETI) combination has changed respiratory management. Objective: To investigate how the perceived treatment burden changed in 1 year of treatment with ETI. Design: Prospective observational study. Methods: Ad hoc questionnaires for the pwCF and for the caregivers of pwCF

Published
2024
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238. Monitoring of bivalve mollusk harvesting areas: the relevance of Salmonella spp.

Author

Cesare Ciccarelli, Angela Marisa Semeraro, Vittoria Di Trani, Guglielmo D’Aurizio, Giuliana Blasi, Melina Leinoudi, Cristina De Simoni, and Elena Ciccarelli

Subjects
Shellfish, Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, microbiological monitoring, shellfish harvesting area, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract

The microbiological monitoring of bivalve mollusk harvesting areas in the Marche region is based on the parameters of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. However, Regulation EU/2019/627 stated criteria based on E. coli only to determine the health status of these areas. Therefore, the reason for Salmonella spp. monitoring, as provided in the Marche region, could be aimed at reducing the risk of placing on the market contaminated bivalve mollusks. This study, using the results of microbiological monitoring carried out in the Marche region from 2015 to 2022 and the methods based on Bayes' theorem and Poisson’s distribution, evaluated the effectiveness and efficiency of Salmonella spp. monitoring in reducing the risk to the consumer. The results show that i) the use of a single sample unit significantly reduced the possibility of detecting non-compliance with the microbiological safety criterion; ii) the time taken to report positive results (average of approximately 10 days) did not allow the timely implementation of control measures; iii) the prevalence of positive outcomes was quite sporadic: a random trend of positivity is recognizable on a geographical and monthly basis for mussels and a geographical basis for striped clams; iv) considering the predictive value of E. coli against Salmonella spp., the specificity is very high and the negative predictive value versus Salmonella spp. would be >80%. In conclusion, the study shows that the monitoring of Salmonella spp. has a limited effect on reducing the risk to the consumer; however, in the cost/benefit assessment, other aspects not covered by this study should be considered.

Published
2024
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239. Explainable machine learning radiomics model for Primary Progressive Aphasia classification

Author

Benedetta Tafuri, Roberto De Blasi, Salvatore Nigro, and Giancarlo Logroscino

Subjects
Primary Progressive Aphasia, MRI, machine learning (ML), radiomics, explainability, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

IntroductionPrimary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by linguistic impairment. The two main clinical subtypes are semantic (svPPA) and non-fluent/agrammatic (nfvPPA) variants. Diagnosing and classifying PPA patients represents a complex challenge that requires the integration of multimodal information, including clinical, biological, and radiological features. Structural neuroimaging can play a crucial role in aiding the differential diagnosis of PPA and constructing diagnostic support systems.MethodsIn this study, we conducted a white matter texture analysis on T1-weighted images, including 56 patients with PPA (31 svPPA and 25 nfvPPA), and 53 age- and sex-matched controls. We trained a tree-based algorithm over combined clinical/radiomics measures and used Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) model to extract the greater impactful measures in distinguishing svPPA and nfvPPA patients from controls and each other.ResultsRadiomics-integrated classification models demonstrated an accuracy of 95% in distinguishing svPPA patients from controls and of 93.7% in distinguishing svPPA from nfvPPA. An accuracy of 93.7% was observed in differentiating nfvPPA patients from controls. Moreover, Shapley values showed the strong involvement of the white matter near left entorhinal cortex in patients classification models.DiscussionOur study provides new evidence for the usefulness of radiomics features in classifying patients with svPPA and nfvPPA, demonstrating the effectiveness of an explainable machine learning approach in extracting the most impactful features for assessing PPA.

Published
2024
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240. Expert opinion on bleeding risk from invasive procedures in cirrhosis

Author

Alix Riescher-Tuczkiewicz, Stephen H. Caldwell, Patrick S. Kamath, Erica Villa, Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou, Afdhal Nezam H, Ageno Walter, Bianchini Marcello, Blasi Annabel, Caldwell Stephen H, Callaway Mark, Cardenas Andres, Darwish Murad Sarwa, De Gottardi Andrea, De Pietri Lesley, De Raucourt Emmanuelle, Dell'Era Alessandra, Denys Alban, Elkrief Laure, Garcia-Pagan Juan-Carlos, Garcia-Tsao Guadalupe, Gatt Alexander, Giannini Edoardo G, Golfieri Rita, Greenberg Charles S, Hernández-Gea Virginia, Heydtmann Mathis, Intagliata Nicolas M, Kamath Patrick S, Lester Will, Magnusson Maria, Neuberger James, Northup Patrick G, O'Leary Jacqueline G, Patton Heather, Peck-Radosavljevic Markus, Pillai Anjana, Plessier Aurélie, Rautou Pierre-Emmanuel, Ripoll Cristina, Roberts Lara N, Sarwar Ammar, Senzolo Marco, Shukla Akash, Simioni Paolo, Simonetto Douglas A, Singal Ashwani K, Soto Robin, Stine Jonathan G, Tapper Elliot B, Thabut Dominique, Thachil Jecko, Tomescu Dana, Tripathi Dhiraj, Tsochatzis Emmanuel A, Villa Erica, and Valla Dominique

Subjects
haemorrhage, coagulation, haemostasis, biopsy, anticoagulant, procedural related bleeding, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Background & Aims: Despite several recent international guidelines, no consensus exists on the bleeding risk nor haemostatic parameter thresholds that define the safety of invasive procedures in patients with cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to establish a position paper on the bleeding risk associated with invasive procedures in patients with cirrhosis among the experts involved in various guidelines. Methods: All experts involved in recent guidelines on the management of invasive procedures in patients with cirrhosis were invited to classify 80 procedures as ''high risk'' or ''low risk'' with respect to bleeding. Procedures were considered high risk when the estimated risk of major bleeding was 1.5% or more, or when even minor bleeding might lead to significant morbidity or death. The experts were also asked to choose safety thresholds for laboratory test values at which elective invasive procedures could be safely performed. The predetermined threshold considered as “consensus” was ≥75% agreement. Results: Fifty-two experts participated in the study. Out of 80 procedures, a consensus opinion was reached for 52 procedures (65%): 17 procedures were classified as “high risk”, primarily interventional endoscopic procedures, percutaneous organ biopsies, or procedures involving the central nervous system; and 35 as “low risk”, primarily “diagnostic” procedures. The lowest platelet counts at which performance of a low-risk procedure or a high-risk procedure/surgery were deemed acceptable were 30 × 109/L and 50 × 109/L, respectively. Experts did not believe that international normalised ratio should be considered before performing low-risk procedures; 71% also indicated that it should not be considered before performing high-risk procedures. Conclusions: This experience-based classification may be helpful to refine future study designs and to guide clinical decision making regarding invasive procedures in patients with cirrhosis. Impact and implications: Several risk classifications and management guidelines for invasive procedures in patients with cirrhosis have been proposed, but with conflicting recommendations. By providing a position paper, based on the opinion of a broad panel of experts, on the bleeding risk associated with 52 invasive procedures in patients with cirrhosis, this survey will help to provide a framework for future study design. The consensus on platelet count, international normalised ratio, fibrinogen and activated partial thromboplastin time identified in this survey will inform physicians regarding the laboratory test values considered acceptable by the experts prior to the performance of an elective invasive procedure in patients with cirrhosis.

Published
2024
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241. Corrigendum: Preservation of chemical and isotopic signatures within the Weißseespitze millennial old ice cap (Eastern Alps), despite the ongoing ice loss

Author

Azzurra Spagnesi, Pascal Bohleber, Elena Barbaro, Matteo Feltracco, Fabrizio De Blasi, Giuliano Dreossi, Martin Stocker-Waldhuber, Daniela Festi, Jacopo Gabrieli, Andrea Gambaro, Andrea Fischer, and Carlo Barbante

Subjects
ice cores, alpine glaciers, Eastern Alps, impurities, stable water isotopes, levoglucosan, Science
Published
2024
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242. The effects of the RELATo-BRAZIL Intervention Program in early-grade readers: outcomes of a pilot study

Author

Helena Ferro Blasi, Luciane Mari Deschamps, Renata Maykot Veiga, and Ester Martins Fermino

Subjects
Reading, Education, Early Intervention, Educational, Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Philology. Linguistics, P1-1091, Otorhinolaryngology, RF1-547
Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose: to carry out a pilot study applying the Reading and Language Together - Brazil program (RELATo-Brazil), targeting the development of reading and oral language abilities, aiming to improve phonological awareness skills and vocabulary knowledge in the school context. Methods: 9 children of both genders, aged between 8 and 10, enrolled in the second year of elementary school at a private school in the city of Florianópolis, SC, Brazil, joined in the study. The program was applied within three phases: Phase 1 - pre-intervention, with reading and vocabulary assessment tests; Phase 2 - intervention with sessions of different types, A, B, C and Phase 3 - post-intervention, which consisted of the subjects' reassessment, using the same tests applied in Phase 1. The data were stored in Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and exported for statistical analysis in the IBM SPSS software, the 25th version. The significance level considered was p ≤ 0.05. Results: following 21 intervention sessions, a better performance among the participants was observed when comparing the results of the pre-intervention and post-intervention phases. There is a statistically considerable difference in the percentage distributions of the conceptual vocabulary fields for Furniture and utensils (p=0.028), Places (p=0.009) and Shapes and colors (p=0.047). The reading rate did not show a statistical difference, but the children performed better in reading time and accuracy after the intervention. Conclusion: the data suggest that training in phoneme awareness and oral language and linking them in the context of authentic book reading are effective strategies for improving both reading and oral language skills.

Published
2024
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243. The key role of depression and supramarginal gyrus in frailty: a cross-sectional study

Author

Sara Isernia, Valeria Blasi, Gisella Baglio, Monia Cabinio, Pietro Cecconi, Federica Rossetto, Marta Cazzoli, Francesco Blasi, Chiara Bruckmann, Fabrizio Giunco, Sandro Sorbi, Mario Clerici, and Francesca Baglio

Subjects
frailty, aging, depression, cognitive impairment, brain, MRI, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

BackgroundThe age-related decrease in reserve and resistance to stressors is recognized as frailty, one of the most significant challenges identified in recent years. Despite a well-acknowledged association of frailty with cognitive impairment, depression, and gray matter morphology, no clear data are available regarding the nature of this relationship. This cross-sectional study aims to disentangle the role of the behavioral, neuropsychological, and neural components as predictors or moderators of frailty.MethodsNinety-six older adults (mean age = 75.49 ± 6.62) were consecutively enrolled and underwent a clinical and MRI (3 T) evaluation to assess frailty, physical activity, global cognitive level, depression, wellbeing, autonomy in daily living, cortical thickness, and subcortical volumes.ResultsResults showed a full mediation of depression on the link between cortical thickness and frailty, while the cognitive level showed no significant mediating role. In particular, left supramarginal thickness had a predicting role on depression, that in turn impacted frailty occurrence. Finally, handgrip weakness was an early key indicator of frailty in this study’s cohort.ConclusionThese data substantiate the role of depression in mediating the link between neural integrity of the supramarginal gyrus and frailty. In the complexity of frailty, handgrip weakness seems to be an early key indicator. These results are relevant for the design of rehabilitation interventions aimed at reversing the frail condition.

Published
2023
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244. Mapping genomic loci implicates genes and synaptic biology in schizophrenia

Author

Trubetskoy, Vassily, Pardiñas, Antonio F, Qi, Ting, Panagiotaropoulou, Georgia, Awasthi, Swapnil, Bigdeli, Tim B, Bryois, Julien, Chen, Chia-Yen, Dennison, Charlotte A, Hall, Lynsey S, Lam, Max, Watanabe, Kyoko, Frei, Oleksandr, Ge, Tian, Harwood, Janet C, Koopmans, Frank, Magnusson, Sigurdur, Richards, Alexander L, Sidorenko, Julia, Wu, Yang, Zeng, Jian, Grove, Jakob, Kim, Minsoo, Li, Zhiqiang, Voloudakis, Georgios, Zhang, Wen, Adams, Mark, Agartz, Ingrid, Atkinson, Elizabeth G, Agerbo, Esben, Al Eissa, Mariam, Albus, Margot, Alexander, Madeline, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z, Alptekin, Köksal, Als, Thomas D, Amin, Farooq, Arolt, Volker, Arrojo, Manuel, Athanasiu, Lavinia, Azevedo, Maria Helena, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bass, Nicholas J, Begemann, Martin, Belliveau, Richard A, Bene, Judit, Benyamin, Beben, Bergen, Sarah E, Blasi, Giuseppe, Bobes, Julio, Bonassi, Stefano, Braun, Alice, Bressan, Rodrigo Affonseca, Bromet, Evelyn J, Bruggeman, Richard, Buckley, Peter F, Buckner, Randy L, Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Cahn, Wiepke, Cairns, Murray J, Calkins, Monica E, Carr, Vaughan J, Castle, David, Catts, Stanley V, Chambert, Kimberley D, Chan, Raymond CK, Chaumette, Boris, Cheng, Wei, Cheung, Eric FC, Chong, Siow Ann, Cohen, David, Consoli, Angèle, Cordeiro, Quirino, Costas, Javier, Curtis, Charles, Davidson, Michael, Davis, Kenneth L, de Haan, Lieuwe, Degenhardt, Franziska, DeLisi, Lynn E, Demontis, Ditte, Dickerson, Faith, Dikeos, Dimitris, Dinan, Timothy, Djurovic, Srdjan, Duan, Jubao, Ducci, Giuseppe, Dudbridge, Frank, Eriksson, Johan G, Fañanás, Lourdes, Faraone, Stephen V, Fiorentino, Alessia, Forstner, Andreas, Frank, Josef, Freimer, Nelson B, Fromer, Menachem, Frustaci, Alessandra, Gadelha, Ary, Genovese, Giulio, and Gershon, Elliot S

Subjects
Brain Disorders, Human Genome, Mental Health, Schizophrenia, Serious Mental Illness, Biotechnology, Neurosciences, Genetics, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Alleles, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genomics, Humans, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Indonesia Schizophrenia Consortium, PsychENCODE, Psychosis Endophenotypes International Consortium, SynGO Consortium, Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Schizophrenia has a heritability of 60-80%1, much of which is attributable to common risk alleles. Here, in a two-stage genome-wide association study of up to 76,755 individuals with schizophrenia and 243,649 control individuals, we report common variant associations at 287 distinct genomic loci. Associations were concentrated in genes that are expressed in excitatory and inhibitory neurons of the central nervous system, but not in other tissues or cell types. Using fine-mapping and functional genomic data, we identify 120 genes (106 protein-coding) that are likely to underpin associations at some of these loci, including 16 genes with credible causal non-synonymous or untranslated region variation. We also implicate fundamental processes related to neuronal function, including synaptic organization, differentiation and transmission. Fine-mapped candidates were enriched for genes associated with rare disruptive coding variants in people with schizophrenia, including the glutamate receptor subunit GRIN2A and transcription factor SP4, and were also enriched for genes implicated by such variants in neurodevelopmental disorders. We identify biological processes relevant to schizophrenia pathophysiology; show convergence of common and rare variant associations in schizophrenia and neurodevelopmental disorders; and provide a resource of prioritized genes and variants to advance mechanistic studies.

Published
2022

245. COVID-19 and CAR-T cells: current challenges and future directions-a report from the EPICOVIDEHA survey by EHA-IDWP

Author

Busca, Alessandro, Salmanton-García, Jon, Corradini, Paolo, Marchesi, Francesco, Cabirta, Alba, Di Blasi, Roberta, Dulery, Remy, Lamure, Sylvain, Farina, Francesca, Weinbergerová, Barbora, Batinić, Josip, Nordlander, Anna, López-García, Alberto, Drgoňa, Ľuboš, Espigado-Tocino, Ildefonso, Falces-Romero, Iker, García-Sanz, Ramón, García-Vidal, Carolina, Guidetti, Anna, Khanna, Nina, Kulasekararaj, Austin, Maertens, Johan, Hoenigl, Martin, Klimko, Nikolai, Koehler, Philipp, Pagliuca, Antonio, Passamonti, Francesco, Cornely, Oliver A, and Pagano, Livio

Subjects
Prevention, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, COVID-19, Humans, Immunotherapy, Adoptive, Receptors, Chimeric Antigen, T-Lymphocytes
Abstract

The EHA-IDWP developed an observational registry collecting data on COVID-19 infection in patients who received CAR T-cell therapy. Prevalence of COVID-19 was 4.8%, and overall mortality was 50%, highlighting the need for prevention of infection in these patients.

Published
2022

247. Gibbs sampling for mixtures in order of appearance: the ordered allocation sampler

Author

De Blasi, Pierpaolo and Gil-Leyva, María F.

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology, Mathematics - Statistics Theory
Abstract

Gibbs sampling methods are standard tools to perform posterior inference for mixture models. These have been broadly classified into two categories: marginal and conditional methods. While conditional samplers are more widely applicable than marginal ones, they may suffer from slow mixing in infinite mixtures, where some form of truncation, either deterministic or random, is required. In mixtures with random number of components, the exploration of parameter spaces of different dimensions can also be challenging. We tackle these issues by expressing the mixture components in the random order of appearance in an exchangeable sequence directed by the mixing distribution. We derive a sampler that is straightforward to implement for mixing distributions with tractable size-biased ordered weights, and that can be readily adapted to mixture models for which marginal samplers are not available. In infinite mixtures, no form of truncation is necessary. As for finite mixtures with random dimension, a simple updating of the number of components is obtained by a blocking argument, thus, easing challenges found in trans-dimensional moves via Metropolis-Hastings steps. Additionally, sampling occurs in the space of ordered partitions with blocks labelled in the least element order, which endows the sampler with good mixing properties. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated in a simulation study., Comment: 28 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables

Published
2021
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248. Baryogenesis via relativistic bubble expansion

Author

Baldes, Iason, Blasi, Simone, Mariotti, Alberto, Sevrin, Alexander, and Turbang, Kevin

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We present a novel baryogenesis mechanism in which the asymmetry is sourced from heavy particles which either gain their mass or are created during bubble expansion in a strong first order phase transition. These particles then decay in a CP and baryon number violating way inside the bubble. The particles are inherently out-of-equilibrium and sufficiently dilute after wall crossing so the third Sakharov condition is easily met. Washout is avoided provided the reheat temperature is sufficiently below the scale of the heavy particles. The mechanism relies on moderate supercooling and relativistic walls which -- in contrast to electroweak baryogenesis -- generically leads to a sizable gravitational wave signal, although in the simplest realisations at frequencies beyond upcoming detectors. We present a simple example model and discuss the restrictions on the parameter space for the mechanism to be successful. We find that high reheat temperatures $T_{\rm RH} \gtrsim 10^{10}$ GeV are generally preferred, whereas stronger supercooling allows for temperatures as low as $T_{\rm RH} \sim 10^{6}$ GeV, provided the vacuum energy density is sufficiently suppressed. We briefly comment on using resonantly enhanced CP violation to achieve even lower scales., Comment: 22 pages, 8 figures. V2: accepted for publication in PRD

Published
2021
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249. Improved CNN-based Learning of Interpolation Filters for Low-Complexity Inter Prediction in Video Coding

Author

Murn, Luka, Blasi, Saverio, Smeaton, Alan F., and Mrak, Marta

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Multimedia
Abstract

The versatility of recent machine learning approaches makes them ideal for improvement of next generation video compression solutions. Unfortunately, these approaches typically bring significant increases in computational complexity and are difficult to interpret into explainable models, affecting their potential for implementation within practical video coding applications. This paper introduces a novel explainable neural network-based inter-prediction scheme, to improve the interpolation of reference samples needed for fractional precision motion compensation. The approach requires a single neural network to be trained from which a full quarter-pixel interpolation filter set is derived, as the network is easily interpretable due to its linear structure. A novel training framework enables each network branch to resemble a specific fractional shift. This practical solution makes it very efficient to use alongside conventional video coding schemes. When implemented in the context of the state-of-the-art Versatile Video Coding (VVC) test model, 0.77%, 1.27% and 2.25% BD-rate savings can be achieved on average for lower resolution sequences under the random access, low-delay B and low-delay P configurations, respectively, while the complexity of the learned interpolation schemes is significantly reduced compared to the interpolation with full CNNs., Comment: IEEE Open Journal of Signal Processing Special Issue on Applied AI and Machine Learning for Video Coding and Streaming, June 2021

Published
2021
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250. Modeling the Unigram Distribution

Author

Nikkarinen, Irene, Pimentel, Tiago, Blasi, Damián E., and Cotterell, Ryan

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

The unigram distribution is the non-contextual probability of finding a specific word form in a corpus. While of central importance to the study of language, it is commonly approximated by each word's sample frequency in the corpus. This approach, being highly dependent on sample size, assigns zero probability to any out-of-vocabulary (oov) word form. As a result, it produces negatively biased probabilities for any oov word form, while positively biased probabilities to in-corpus words. In this work, we argue in favor of properly modeling the unigram distribution -- claiming it should be a central task in natural language processing. With this in mind, we present a novel model for estimating it in a language (a neuralization of Goldwater et al.'s (2011) model) and show it produces much better estimates across a diverse set of 7 languages than the na\"ive use of neural character-level language models., Comment: Irene Nikkarinen and Tiago Pimentel contributed equally to this work. Accepted to the findings of ACL 2021. Code available in https://github.com/irenenikk/modelling-unigram

Published
2021

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