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Copyright of Acta Paulista de Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Os problemas decorrentes do consumo de bebidas alcoólicas entre motoristas são considerados um grande problema de saúde pública principalmente nos países em desenvolvimento. O etanol é considerado uma droga psicotrópica por atuar no sistema nervoso central (SNC), prejudicando a coordenação e a habilidade de motoristas que o ingere. O ato de beber e dirigir aumenta os riscos de envolvimento em ocorrências de trânsito, provocando muitas vezes mortes prematuras e incapacitação de indivíduos na vida produtiva, com isso gerando custos diretos e indiretos excessivos para o governo e para a sociedade. Baseado nessas informações, o trabalho em questão teve como objetivo a realização de um estudo estatístico transversal, retrospectivo, descritivo e comparativo da prevalência de álcool entre os indivíduos envolvidos em infrações e acidentes de trânsito, ocorridos nas regiões atendidas pelo NPML de Araraquara, entre os anos de 2005 e 2007, bem como a caracterização das ocorrências. Quando analisados os dados, observamos uma prevalência de indivíduos do sexo masculino, com idade entre 36 e 55 anos apresentarem alcoolemia positiva, quanto às ocorrências de trânsito se concentraram no domingo, período noturno e no mês de setembro. Portanto, o estudo comprova que o ato de beber e dirigir, somado à negligência e imprudência, resulta nas inúmeras infrações e acidentes de trânsito registrados em todo o mundo.

BELCHIOR, Priscila Cortez LOPES, Gertrudes Teixeira RIBEIRO, Ana Paula Lopes Pinheiro BERNARDES, Margarida Maria Rocha CIRINO, Fabiana Pereira Descritores: Bebidas alcoólicas; estudantes; enfermagem. RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO O consumo de bebidas alcoólicas é visto como uma prática comum e está muito presente nas festas de família, encontros entre amigos e nas boates e bares. O álcool é droga de escolha dos indivíduos em todas as faixas etárias inclusive entre adolescentes, que fazem o seu uso de forma cada vez mais precoce. O presente estudo tem como objeto: representações e expectativas dos estudantes do Ensino Fundamental sobre o consumo do álcool e suas consequências. OBJETIVOS Descrever as representações dos estudantes em relação ao consumo de álcool e suas conseqüências para o organismo e identificar as expectativas dos estudantes relacionando-as ao uso do álcool. METODOLOGIA O cenário de estudo foi a Escola Municipal Orsina da Fonseca localizada no bairro da Tijuca, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, pertencente a 2ª CRE. A população alvo foi constituída de 121 estudantes do 6º ano matriculados nos turnos da manhã e tarde da referida escola, com faixa etária média entre 11 e 12 anos. A pesquisa é um recorte do projeto intitulado “Álcool no espaço da escola fundamental e o enfermeiro: desafios na promoção da saúde e prevenção de riscos” e possui abordagem qualitativa a qual utilizou o método criativo e sensível desenvolvido por Cabral (1998). O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da UERJ, protocolo n. 015.3.2008 e a participação de todos os estudantes foi autorizada pelos seus responsáveis através da assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. A coleta de dados ocorreu nos dias 15 de setembro com o turno da tarde e 4 de novembro com o turno da manhã no ano de 2008 e consistiu na apresentação de um filme em forma de grafite que tinha como abordagem o uso e abuso de substâncias alcoólicas. Após a apresentação do filme 14 estudantes foram entrevistados e todos emitiram suas opiniões por escrito. As entrevistas foram gravadas em meio eletrônico e transcritas na íntegra pelos pesquisadores. Para análise das entrevistas e dos registros foi utilizado Análise de Temática de Conteúdo, segundo Bardin (2004). RESULTADOS Os resultados evidenciaram em relação ao “uso responsável de bebidas alcoólicas” que o uso moderado, definido por alguns autores como consumo em que não se espera prejuízos para o indivíduo e/ou sociedade, é uma das possibilidades de se ter prazer com o uso do álcool, sem, contudo, chegar aos extremos da embriaguez. Em relação às “conseqüências do uso do álcool para o indivíduo, família e sociedade” os sujeitos em estudo levantam como conseqüências do uso do álcool temas que vão desde comprometimentos físicos e psíquicos até os problemas no âmbito familiar e social. Os relatos enfatizaram que a bebida faz mal às pessoas que podem ficar viciadas e violentas, trouxeram também a questão da morte àquele que consome excessivamente o álcool. Além de abordarem sobre a influência que o alcoolista exerce sobre a família e os problemas gerados por ele no meio social. No que se refere aos “benefícios do não-uso de álcool”, o que chama atenção é a maneira positiva com que eles percebem o não-uso de substâncias ao afirmarem que: “O que nós temos que fazer é nos conscientizar que a bebida não vai nos levar a lugar nenhum”, “Nunca beba preserve sua vida se você quer ser feliz”. CONCLUSÃO Os adolescentes tratam a temática com bastante seriedade e estão atualizados nas discussões mais recentes sobre álcool e seu uso/abuso. Visto que conseguem admitir a existência do uso responsável do álcool, mas que seu consumo em excesso pode gerar prejuízos. Além disso, os sujeitos em estudo mostram a percepção sobre o vício do álcool como uma doença e pontuam os prejuízos para o alcoolista, a família e sociedade. Apontam desordens que vão desde as alterações físicas, até aos distúrbios comportamentais e psicológicos/psiquiátricos. REFERÊNCIA BARDIN, L. Análise de conteúdo. Lisboa: Edições 70, 2004; CABRAL I. E. Metodo criativo e sensível: alternativa de pesquisa em enfermagem. In: Gauthier, Cabral, Santos, Tavares. Pesquisa em enfermagem novas metodologias aplicadas. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan S.A., 1998. FREITAS, C.C., As drogas na adolescência: In:Formação de Multiplicadores de Informações Preventivas sobre Drogas. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, SENAD,2002; SILVEIRA, D.X.; MOREIRA, F.G. (Org). Panorama atual de drogas e dependências. São Pauli: Atheneu, 2006. LOPES, G.T. et al. Álcool no espaço da escola fundamental e o enfermeiro: desafios na promoção da saúde e prevenção de riscos. Projeto de Pesquisa apoiado pelo CNPQ e financiado pela FAPRJ. Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Enfermagem da UERJ, 2009.

INTRODUÇÃO: Atualmente, o fenômeno da violência aparece como uma preocupação de grande importância em todas as instâncias públicas, que devido às proporções que produz, não se deve estudá-la fora da sociedade que a gera, pois ela se nutre dos fatos políticos, econômicos e culturais, traduzindo relações micro e macrossociais, buscando a inteligibilidade deste fenômeno, considerando-o de forma complexa, histórica, empírica e específica (MINAYO & SOUZA, 2003). O álcool pode ter uma íntima relação com a violência, uma vez que acarreta desinibição ou prejuízo cognitivo, “causando no indivíduo a sensação de aparente poder, reduzindo o limiar do controle das respostas instintivas” (LIMA, 2008 p. 138) e ambos podem compartilhar um terceiro fator complicador, a natureza violenta do ser humano, as circunstâncias e os fatores de risco envolvidos. No Brasil, a violência, devido à sua magnitude e transcendência, tem causado um grande impacto na morbidade e mortalidade da população (BRASIL, 2001), apesar de não ter registros claros e a falta de reconhecimento dos agravos por estas naturezas nos atendimentos na Atenção Básica de Saúde e nos Serviços de Emergência. Pelo número de vítimas e a magnitude de seqüelas que produz, a violência adquiriu um caráter endêmico e se converteu num problema de saúde pública em muitos países (OPAS, 1993; KRUG, 2002), devido aos altos índices de morbimortalidade ligadas a acidentes e violências que se apresentam na esfera mundial (KRUG, 2002). Embora não seja uma especificidade da saúde, a violência traz impacto direto sobre ela por meio de lesões, traumas e mortes, sejam físicas ou emocionais, representando um problema de graves dimensões, transversal à sociedade atual, o que se constitui num fenômeno de violação dos direitos à liberdade (MINAYO, 2006). OBJETIVO: Buscar trabalhos científicos nas bases de dados que abordem a violência associada ao álcool. METODOLOGIA: A metodologia utilizada é a revisão de literatura com a realização de uma revisão sistemática nas bases de dados científicos LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF com os descritores “violência” AND “bebidas alcoólicas” AND “Enfermagem”, no período de 10 de maio à 24 de junho. Foi utilizado como critérios de inclusão: resumos relacionados à temática desta pesquisa que disponibilizam texto completo ou não; textos que estejam em português, inglês, espanhol e francês; que foram publicados entre de 2000 - 2010 e no caso da base MEDLINE o período de publicação é de 1997 - 2010, os critérios de exclusão foram os trabalhos que não disponibilizavam resumo e não estavam relacionados com a temática. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados cinco artigos que, pelos critérios de inclusão, foram utilizados quatro artigos. Observa-se nos trabalhos pesquisados que o indicador epidemiológico mais utilizado é a taxa de mortalidade geral. Todos os trabalhos apontam a relação do aumento da violência e o consumo, em qualquer nível, de álcool e que há sérios prejuízos a saúde do individuo e da coletividade, não só de natureza física, mas mental e social como consequências do fenômeno da violência. Dois trabalhos associam o aumento da violência às condições socioeconômicas do indivíduo e ao tráfico de drogas. Com esta pesquisa, observou que existe poucas publicações científicas sobre a temática e muitas lacunas a serem preenchidas na produção de Enfermagem sobre a violência associada ao consumo de álcool. CONCLUSÃO: A violência é considerada como um problema de saúde pública, afetando não só a sociedade como os profissionais de saúde, principalmente, os de enfermagem que estão nas portas de entrada do Sistema de Saúde no Brasil, como as emergências, postos de saúde e estratégias de saúde da família que também sofrem algum tipo de violência. Associar a violência ao álcool potencializa suas consequências, causando custos e prejuízos a sociedade. Assim, a Enfermagem deve buscar conhecimento sobre as questões que envolvem a violência associada ao consumo de álcool para a prestação de um cuidado qualificado para a clientela que vivência este tipo de situação, além da busca por subsídios para a manutenção de um ambiente de trabalho saudável. REFERÊNCIAS: BRASIL, Ministério da Saúde. Política Nacional de Redução da Morbimortalidade por acidentes e violências. Portaria GM/MS n° 737 de 16/05/01, publicada no D.O.U. n° 96 seção 1e de 18/05/01 KRUG, E.G., DAHLBERG L.L., MERCY, J.A., ZWI A.B., LOZANO, R., editors. World report on violence and health. Geneva: WHO; 2002 LIMA, J.M.B. de. Alcoologia - O alcoolismo na perspectiva da saúde pública. Ed. Medbook, 2008 MINAYO, M.C. de S.; SOUZA, E.R. Violência sob o olhar da saúde – a infrapolítica da contemporaneidade brasileira. Rio de Janeiro: Fiocruz, 2003; MINAYO, M. C. S. A difícil e lenta entrada da violência na agenda do setor saúde. Cad. Saúde Pública [online]. 2004, vol.20, n.3, pp. 646-647. OPAS (Organização Panamericana de Saúde), 1993. Resolución XIX: Violência y Salud. Washington: OPAS (mimeo.).

Resumo: o alcool é a droga licita de maior prevalência entre estudantes universitários. Este estudo objetivou analisar a influência dos pares sobre o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas entre acadêmicos de enfermagem. Método: Os estudantes foram convidados a, voluntariamente, responder um questionário que avalia, entre outras variáveis, o próprio consumo de alcool e a percepção sobre o uso pelos pares. Utilizado a técnica descritiva, incluindo-se frequências e médias. No total, participaram do estudo 63 acadêmicos de Enfermagem em uma universidade publica situada no município do Rio de Janeiro (Brasil) em 2009. Resultados: o acesso às bebidas alcoólicas é muito fácil e são usualmente consumidas em festas e bares entre amigos da universidade. A percepção dos estudantes sobre o uso de álcool pelos pares uma vez na vida e nos últimos doze meses foi acurada, porém em relação aos últimos trinta dias houve uma percepção errônea (hiperestimativa). Conclusão: O consumo encontra-se acima dos padrões estabelecidos. Recomenda-se atenção aos fatores protetores.

Atualmente, há tendência no aumento do consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, principalmente pelos adolescentes. Neste trabalho, os fatores associados ao consumo de bebidas alcoólicas pelos adolescentes de uma escola pública foram identificados. As informações foram coletadas pela aplicação de questionários. No grupo dos adolescentes que consomem bebidas alcoólicas, verificou-se que muitos pais ou responsáveis estão cientes desse consumo, e 32,30% dos adolescentes admitiram que iniciaram o hábito de beber com membros da família, enquanto os demais relataram que foi por influência de amigos. O vinho e a cerveja foram as bebidas alcoólicas mais consumidas pelos adolescentes. Estes resultados demonstram que a sociedade é permissiva quanto ao hábito dos adolescentes consumirem bebidas alcoólicas. Este consumo pode ter como objetivo contornar dificuldades de convívio social, mas também aumenta a chance do jovem ter comportamento de risco, levando ao envolvimento com acidentes automobilísticos. Por isso, o estabelecimento de programas educacionais destinados aos adolescentes e também aos pais ou responsáveis é necessário para que haja maior conscientização sobre os efeitos nocivos do consumo exagerado de bebidas alcoólicas.

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Context: In adolescence, lifestyle choices are defined which may have repercussions in terms of short- and long-term diseases. Objective: To make a health diagnosis of the adolescent population from 14 to 18 years of age in the municipality of Olhão. Method: The study was carried using a questionnaire with a sample of 308 adolescents and conducting interviews with key informants from the community. Results: It was shown that 47% of adolescents have a high consumption of alcohol, having a high consumption at least once a month. Alcohol is also directly related with the regular use of tobacco, illicit drugs and the propensity for violent behavior. The need for more services for young people was also manifested by 56 participants. Conclusions: The main problems detected were excessive consumption of alcohol and the need for better advertising of health services for young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the prevalence of alcohol intake and the degree of alcohol-related risk among nursing mothers attended at the Child Care Service of Hospital das Clínicas of Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 157 nursing mothers enrolled in the Child Care Program of the university hospital. A questionnaire was administered addressing demographic and socioeconomic variables, type and duration of breastfeeding, smoking habits and consumption of foods considered as appetizers. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT C) was applied for assessing alcohol consumption in the previous 12 months. Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Twelve percent of the nursing mothers reported consuming alcoholic beverages, 100% of whom were classified as being at low risk for alcohol use disorders. The frequency of nursing mothers who consumed appetizers during alcohol consumption was 100%, the most common of which was cheese - 18 (95%). Conclusions: The prevalence of alcohol intake was low in the nursing mothers analyzed. The users exhibited a low risk for alcohol disorders and a high frequency of the consumption of appetizers during alcohol consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comentário à decisão na apelação cível n. 2002.04.01.000611-1/PR — 3a Turma do Tribunal Regional Federal da 4a Região.

Copyright of SMAD Revista Electronica Salud Mental, Alcohol y Drogas is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirao Preto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Criterio Libre is the property of Revista Criterio Libre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: To describe alcohol use by socioeconomic level and gender among private high school students in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study of students in private schools in São Paulo. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was distributed in the classroom. A total of 2,613 students were selected by the stratification and conglomerate methods. Chi-squared tests, t-tests and ANOVA were used to test for associations between alcohol use and gender and socioeconomic status; for binge drinking, an ordered logistic regression model was developed. Results: Overall, 88% of students reported lifetime alcohol use, with 31.6% in combination with energy drinks. Half of the students (51.3%) reported alcohol use in the last month, most frequently beer (35.2%), alcopop (32%) and vodka (31.7%); 33.2% reported binge drinking in the last month (5 drinks per occasion). Most evaluated parameters showed higher rates of use among males and higher social classes. The regression model exhibited an increasing rate of binge drinking with increasing socioeconomic status. Conclusions: The results suggest that socioeconomic features help to define alcohol use among São Paulo students. Use behaviors such as binge drinking are more prevalent among students from the upper social classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Road crashes are one of the largest public health problems in the world. Impacts affect Health, Economic and Social areas. This study focuses on heavy load drivers. The goal is to identify the costs of accidents to implement control strategies for licit and illicit substance consumption in heavy load drivers. Method: a retrospective correlation study was conducted, covering the period from 2004 to 2006. In the population covered by the program, the number of accidents decreased by 15% and cost for damage by collision by 24%. Conclusion: This type of studies are of great value and can be used as a basis for implementing programs designed to modify behavior and carefully monitor the health of professional drivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SMAD Revista Electronica Salud Mental, Alcohol y Drogas is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirao Preto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To describe patterns of alcohol consumption in the adult Brazilian population. Method: Multicluster random sample of 2,346 subjects 18 years of age or older, selected nationwide. Interviews were conducted in respondents' homes between November 2005 and April 2006. Results: About 48% of the sample had not drunk alcoholic beverages in the past year, with variations by gender, age, marital status, education, income and region of the country. Among drinkers, 29% reported drinking 5 or more drinks per occasion (men, 38%). Sociodemographic variables are associated with the frequency and amount of drinking, alcohol problems, and alcohol abuse and dependence. Among the whole sample (including drinkers and non drinkers), 28% reported binge drinking, 25% reported at least one kind of alcohol related problem, 3% were alcohol abusers and another 9% were alcohol dependent. Discussion: Abstinence is high in the Brazilian population. However, elevated proportions of those who drink consume alcohol in a high risk pattern (binge-drinking), report a high level of alcohol problems, alcohol abuse and dependence. National public policies must consider these factors, as well as the regional Brazilian differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to verify the knowledge of nursing students regarding the use of alcohol and other drugs, particularly addiction, tolerance, withdrawal and intoxication, the reasons students give for drug addiction and commencement, and personal interest in the issue of drug use. A descriptive-exploratory design was used, with a sample of 44 students, by applying a semi-structured questionnaire, constructed by the researchers based on the objectives, with open and closed questions, totaling 24 points. Ethical procedures were followed and data were submitted to exploratory descriptive analysis. It was shown that student's knowledge is still limited, comprehension about a patient's reasons for using and becoming addicted is incomplete and the interest is current. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This was an exploratory, descriptive study that aimed to correlate alcohol levels detected in fatal victims of traffic accidents, in Rio de Janeiro city, with the victim's profile and the characteristics of the accident. The data were retrieved from the registers of the Legal Medicine Institute/IML, through the registers of the medical records of the fatal victims of traffic accidents. Compiled and tabulated using the Statistics Program SPSS, for the period between January and May 2005, 348 fatal victims of traffic accidents were reported. Of these victims, 94 had been tested for alcohol, of these, 83 had levels of alcohol detected, 60.2% presented levels above 0.6g/l blood. The use of alcohol was evident, at levels above and below 0.6g per liter of blood, in the cases of fatal victims of traffic accidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to offer training to family caregivers of alcoholic patients through the problem solving technique. This was a descriptive study, in which eight family caregivers participated. Three meetings were held, which addressed themes such as: behavioral changes and exhaustion of those giving care. From these meetings, feelings emerged which were mobilized by the situation of behavioral changes; self care of the caregiver by sharing responsibilities with relatives and other people and the search for specialized care. Study participants considered the proposed intervention as positive, since it allowed them to reflect on their experiences and their potential to cope with difficulties. It is believed that nurses trained for care delivery to family caregivers should explore this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the saga of installing kiosks in the city of São Paulo in the 1880s until their extinction, due to the urban reforms occurred in the 1910s, analysing this object and its links with the influences of urban furniture and parisian Haussmannian reforms upon the Brazilian cities, as well as the way that they were reappropriated in that city, according to local conditions.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Eletrônica de Enfermagem is the property of Revista Eletronica de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective. To analyze the association between religiousness and exposure to alcohol consumption and smoking in adolescence. Methods. The sample included 4 210 high-school students from state schools in Pernambuco, Brazil, selected through two-stage cluster sampling. Information was collected using the Global school-based student health survey (GSHS). Exposure to alcohol consumption and smoking was defined as consumption of either substance at least 1 day in the past 30 days, regardless of intensity. Religious affiliation and practice were analyzed as religiousness-related variables. Results. The prevalence of exposure to alcohol consumption was 30.3% (95%CI: 28.9-31.7). Alcohol consumption was significantly higher in males (38.6%) than females (24.8%). The prevalence of exposure to smoking was 7.8% (IC95%: 7.0-8.7), higher in males (9.8%) than females (6.2%). Crude analyses revealed that regardless of sex, exposure to alcohol consumption and smoking was inversely proportional to religious affiliation or practice. Logistic regression adjustment revealed that the likelihood of reporting exposure to alcohol consumption (OR = 0.71; 95%CI: 0.60-0.83) and smoking (OR = 0.61; 95%CI: 0,46-0,79) was lower in adolescents who reported religious practice, independently of affiliation. Conclusions. The present results suggest that religiousness may act as a modulator for the exposure to alcohol consumption and smoking in adolescence. Further studies should be carried out to analyze how the protective effect of religiousness can be enhanced through health interventions and campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alcohol is the most prevalent legal drug among university students, and it is used recreationally. The objectives of this study were to identify the perceived norms of alcohol use among university students, contrast the students' perception regarding peer alcohol use and the actual alcohol use prevalence, and compare the subjects' own alcohol use with their perception of peer alcohol use. A survey was performed on 275 students of a public university located in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), in 2008. The students' perception about peer alcohol use once in a lifetime and over the last 12 years was correct; but their perception regarding the last 30 days was overestimated. Students consume alcoholic beverages recreationally, mainly at parties and bars with friends and peers. Alcohol use is above established standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Brazil lacks information about driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) originated from representative samples obtained from the general population. Method: 333 subjects with a valid driver's license and drinking in the last 12 months were drawn from a multistaged sample of 2,346 adults from the first Brazilian Household Survey of Patterns of Alcohol Use. A multivariate analysis was conducted to understand the associations between risk factors and driving after drinking three or more drinks. Results: the overall DUI prevalence reported in the sample was 34.7% - 42.5% among males and 9.2% among females. Being male (OR = 6.0, 95% CI 2.9-12.6), having a previous DUI accident (OR = 7.9, 95% CI 2.5-24.9), binging in the last year (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.03-4.5) and having an unfavorable opinion towards policies (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.4-6.2) remained associated with heavy drinking and driving after model adjustments. Discussion: This was the first study evaluating driving under the influence of alcohol in a representative sample of the Brazilian population. The prevalence of DUI found is alarming, and possibly underestimated in the sample. Results demonstrate the need for more studies on this association and show directions towards preventive strategies for the specific high-risk group of male drivers with previous problems with alcohol and unfavorable opinions about prevention policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This qualitative descriptive research aimed to analyze pregnancy dynamics, experienced by a group of women who, at the time, were at most 19 years old, and identify the role attributed to the consumption of alcohol in such dynamics. The research was developed with a group of 20 students from the Colombia National University. Six of them were selected for in dept investigation through interviews, which were analyzed by content analysis. Based on the literature and the subjects' life history, the study examines the following categories: pregnancy, making love, maternity, being a woman, and drinking. Through these categories, was possible to identify the dynamics experienced by these women during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This descriptive, qualitative study aims to describe risk factors, in the work environment, for the consumption of alcohol and other drugs, and also to confirm the importance of protective factors. Interview technique was used with 51 nursing students at the Rio de Janeiro State University, who work in the city's health services. Results: students related work as a risk factor for the consumption of drugs such as alcohol, cigarettes and anxiolytics. We conclude that working with participative methodologies, valuing student's former experiences, family and group life, and individual characteristics are essential in the preventive approach. Attention to protective factors is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This descriptive, qualitative study aims to describe risk factors, in the work environment, for the consumption of alcohol and other drugs, and also to confirm the importance of protective factors. Interview technique was used with 51 nursing students at the Rio de Janeiro State University, who work in the city's health services. Results: students related work as a risk factor for the consumption of drugs such as alcohol, cigarettes and anxiolytics. We conclude that working with participative methodologies, valuing student's former experiences, family and group life, and individual characteristics are essential in the preventive approach. Attention to protective factors is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative descriptive research aimed to analyze pregnancy dynamics, experienced by a group of women who, at the time, were at most 19 years old, and identify the role attributed to the consumption of alcohol in such dynamics. The research was developed with a group of 20 students from the Colombia National University. Six of them were selected for in dept investigation through interviews, which were analyzed by content analysis. Based on the literature and the subjects' life history, the study examines the following categories: pregnancy, making love, maternity, being a woman, and drinking. Through these categories, was possible to identify the dynamics experienced by these women during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the relationship between age of onset, alcohol consumption patterns and related problems. Method: In 2004, one self-administered questionnaire was completed by 1,990 students from the 5th to 11th grades of schools in Paulínia-SR Data collection was conducted at the classroom without the presence of the teacher. The participation in the study was voluntary and anonymous. Results: Prevalence of lifetime alcohol use was 62.2%. The mean age of first use of alcohol was 12.35 (sd = 2.72) and ranged between 5 and 19 years of age. In 78% of the cases, the first use occurred before the age of 15, and more than 22% of the students reported having tried alcohol before 10 years of age. There were significant differences regarding current pattern of use: those who started earlier consumed more drinks per occasion (p = 0.013) and had more drunkenness episodes in the last 30 days (p = 0.05). A relationship between the age of first alcohol use and the use of tobacco (p = 0.017) and other drugs (p = 0.047) was observed. Conclusions: Adolescents first use alcohol in early ages, what impacts the current consumption patterns. This study emphasizes the need of actions regarding public alcohol policies in Brazil in order to prevent or delay the initiation of alcohol use and its related problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)