350 results on '"Batista Filho, Malaquias"'
Search Results
202. The Prevalence of Vitamin A Deficiency and Associated Factors in Pregnant Women Receiving Prenatal Care at a Reference Maternity Hospital in Northeastern Brazil.
- Author
-
Batista Filho, Malaquias, Bastos Maia, Sabina, Costa Caminha, Maria de Fátima, Lins da Silva, Suzana, Rolland Souza, Alex Sandro, and Carvalho dos Santos, Camila
- Abstract
Vitamin A is essential for mother and child; however, vitamin A deficiency (VAD) remains a public health issue in various countries, affecting around 19 million pregnant women. In Brazil, the scarcity and inconsistency of data have prevented the prevalence and epidemiological status of VAD from being established. This study aimed to analyze vitamin A nutritional status in women receiving prenatal care at a reference center in northeastern Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 676 women. Serum retinol was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Subclinical infection was detected by measuring C-reactive protein (CRP). The World Health Organization criteria were used in the prevalence analysis, VAD classification level, and CRP effect evaluation. The prevalence of VAD (serum retinol <0.70 μmol/L) was 6.2% (95% confidence interval 4.5–8.3). In the univariate analysis, the variables significantly associated with VAD (p < 0.05) were having <12 years of schooling, being in the third trimester of pregnancy, and anemia. In the final multivariate model, the variables that remained significantly associated (p < 0.05) were being in the third trimester of pregnancy and anemia. VAD constituted a mild public health problem in this sample of pregnant women and was associated with the third trimester of pregnancy and maternal anemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
203. The right to food security.
- Author
-
Batista Filho, Malaquias
- Subjects
- *
FOOD security , *HUMAN rights ,BRAZILIAN politics & government, 2003- - Abstract
The author reflects on the significance of the right to food security in Brazil. The author underlines Brazil's history as a fore-runner in the worldwide struggle against hunger and malnutrition. He highlights the initiatives of the Brazilian governments to address issues concerning one of the most fundamental of all human rights, the right to food security.
- Published
- 2010
204. Decline in hospital mortality rate after the use of the World Health Organization protocol for management of severe malnutrition.
- Author
-
Rodrigues Falbo, Ana, Bezerra Alves, João Guilherme, Batista Filho, Malaquias, de Fa´ tima Costa Caminha, Maria, and Cabral-Filho, José Eulálio
- Subjects
MORTALITY ,MALNUTRITION ,CHILD death - Abstract
We studied the implementation of the World Health Organization protocol for the treatment of malnourished children at the largest maternal and infant hospital in the northeast of Brazil. The implementation of the protocol resulted in a reduction in the mortality rate from 38.0% to 16.2%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
205. Diagnostic accuracy of hemoglobin for iron deficiency in pregnancy: disclosing results of a cited clinical trial.
- Author
-
Bresani Salvi, Cristiane C., Braga, Maria Cynthia, and Batista Filho, Malaquias
- Subjects
- *
IRON deficiency anemia treatment , *IRON deficiency , *PREGNANT women , *THERAPEUTIC use of iron , *CLINICAL trials - Abstract
Objective. To analyze the accuracy of hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations as a diagnostic indicator of iron deficiency in pregnant women and to measure the efficacy of oral iron therapy using Hb z-scores rather than Hb absolute values. Methods. The sensitivity and specificity of Hb < 11.0 g/dL, and its receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, in the diagnosis of iron deficiency (serum ferritin (SF) < 12.0 ng/mL) were determined in 318 women in their second trimester of pregnancy who had been screened for a clinical trial conducted in 2001 in Northeast Brazil. A secondary analysis of iron therapy efficacy was carried out using data from the trial's three different treatments (60 mg of oral iron once per week (n = 46), twice per week (n = 50), and once per day (n = 44)). The mean differences between post- and pre-treatment Hb absolute values (g/dL) and z-scores (standard deviation (SD)) were calculated for the three treatment groups for study participants with and without iron deficiency. Results. Hb sensitivity, specificity, and area under the ROC curve were 60.7%, 44.3%, and 0.54 respectively. Women without iron deficiency showed improvements in Hb absolute values (as in the clinical trial's overall results) but did not have improved Hb z-scores (with scores of -0.6 SD (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.99, -0.28); -0.2 SD (95% CI: -0.47, 0.08); and -0.1 SD (95% CI: -0.33, 0.18) for weekly, twice-per-week, and daily iron treatment schemes respectively). In contrast, iron-deficient women treated with the intermittent schemes had reductions in both Hb absolute values and Hb z-scores, respectively: weekly = -0.42 g/dL (95% CI: -0.72, -0.12) and -1.4 SD (95% CI: -1.74, -0.99); twice per week = -0.14 g/dL (95% CI: -0.46, 0.17) and -1.1 SD (95% CI: -1.44, -0.75). Conclusions. These analyses revealed that Hb concentrations were not an accurate indicator of either iron needs or iron-therapy response in pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
206. Development and application of a new index for assessment of prenatal care.
- Author
-
Pereira da Silva, Esther, Teixeira Lima, Roberto, de Carvalho Costa, Maria José, and Batista Filho, Malaquias
- Abstract
Objective. To develop and apply a new instrument to evaluate prenatal care based on the guidelines of the Brazilian Humanization Program for Prenatal Care and Birth, including quantitative and qualitative elements distributed according to the evaluation triad of structure, process, and outcomes. Methods. An analytic, descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional study was carried out with 238 women receiving care in 44 primary care services in the city of João Pessoa, Northeast Brazil, between November 2010 and December 2011. Physicians and nurses involved in prenatal care were also interviewed. The instrument developed by the investigators contains 23 questions relating to structure, process and outcomes of prenatal care. Based on the information collected, pre-natal care was classified according to an IPR/Pre-Natal index (Índice IPR/Pré-Natal, where I stands for infrastructure, P for work process and R for results). A value of 1 is attributed to each question if it complies with the criteria established for quality, or 2 if it does not comply. The percent of adequate answers in relation to the 23 total questions is used to classify prenatal care as: upper adequate (100% adequate answers); adequate (= 75%); intermediate (51 to 74%); and inadequate (= 50%). The classification categories for the Pre-Natal/ IPR index were compared to those of the Kessner and Adequacy of Prenatal Care Utilization (APNCU) indices. Results. Questions relating to the work process contributed significantly to the classification of prenatal care as intermediate according to the IPR/Pre-Natal. IPR/ Pre-Natal classification categories were consistent to detect prematurity, insufficient weight at birth and absence of exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusions. The IPR/Pre-Natal index effectively incorporated quantitative and qualitative elements for the assessment of pre-natal care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
207. Prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica e fatores associados em adultos num aglomerado urbano subnormal de Recife (PE)
- Author
-
FERREIRA, Lisianny Camilla Cocri do Nascimento, BATISTA FILHO, Malaquias, and RISSIN, Anete
- Subjects
Pressão arterial ,Hypertension ,Blood pressure ,Prevalence ,Prevalência ,Low income ,Baixa renda ,Hipertensão - Abstract
CAPES A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) se destaca como uma condição clínica multicausal caracterizada por níveis elevados e sustentados de pressão arterial (PA). Considera-se para tal, valores de PA maiores ou igual a 140/90 mmHg. A hipertensão arterial tem alta prevalência no Brasil e no mundo, sendo considerada um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública. Há uma estreita associação entre a HAS não tratada (60 a 80%) e as doenças cardiovasculares que apesar de sua diminuição, continuam sendo a maior causa de mortalidade no país, com destaque para as doenças cerebrovasculares (32%) e doença cardíaca isquêmica (30%). Alguns fatores podem estar ligados a hipertensão, tais como a idade, genética, excesso de peso, entre outros. Diante disso, o objetivo geral desse trabalho foi o de determinar a prevalência e identificar os fatores associados à hipertensão arterial sistêmica em adultos residentes em um aglomerado urbano subnormal, assistidos pela Estratégia de Saúde da Família em Recife (PE). Para tal, foi realizado um estudo transversal num aglomerado urbano subnormal, utilizando o banco de dados da pesquisa “Saúde, nutrição e serviços assistenciais numa população favelada do Recife: um estudo "baseline"”, localizado na Comunidade dos Coelhos. A amostra foi composta por 663 adultos, com idades entre 20 e 59 anos. Os dados relativos às variáveis socioeconômicas, ambientais, biológicas, comportamentais, antropométricas e bioquímicas (morbidade) foram coletados através de questionário estruturado. A PA foi medida duas vezes utilizando-se tensiômetro automático. Aqueles que apresentaram PA sistólica ≥140 mmHg e/ou PA diastólica ≥90 mmHg e/ou sob utilização de medicamento anti-hipertensivo, foram considerado com HAS. A análise dos dados foi efetuada com a utilização dos programas estatísticos SPSS para Windows (versão 10.0) e Stata versão 7.0. A associação dos possíveis fatores preditivos da HAS foi avaliada pelo teste de qui-quadrado de Pearson. As variáveis que apresentarem nesta análise um valor de p
- Published
- 2016
208. Tendência temporal e fatores determinantes da anemia em crianças de 6 – 23 meses e de 24 – 59 meses do estado de Pernambuco, 1997 - 2006
- Author
-
VASCONCELOS, Priscila Nunes de, BATISTA FILHO, Malaquias, and OSÓRIO, Mônica Maria
- Subjects
Fatores de risco ,Crianças ,Anemia ,Estudos de séries temporais - Abstract
A anemia constitui a mais frequente das deficiências nutricionais do mundo, atingindo 24,8% da população global. Sua maior prevalência tem sido encontrada entre lactentes, visto que as necessidades de ferro são particularmente elevadas, devido ao crescimento corporal acelerado nesta faixa etária, enquanto a alimentação comumente é pobre em relação a este nutriente. Considerando que as prevalências de anemia tem se mostrado diferentes entre as faixas etárias de 6-23 meses e 24-59 meses, a análise de sua tendência temporal e de seus fatores determinantes podem subsidiar ações estratégicas para o controle do problema nos diferentes grupos etários. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a tendência temporal da anemia e de seus fatores associados em crianças de 6-23 meses e de 24-59 meses nos anos de 1997 e 2006, no estado de Pernambuco. Foram utilizados dados originados da II Pesquisa Estadual de Saúde e Nutrição de Pernambuco - II PESN/PE realizada em 1997 e dados da III PESN/PE de 2006. As amostras totalizaram 777 e 993 crianças de 6-59 meses, nas II PESN e III PESN, respectivamente. Foram consideradas anêmicas crianças de 6-59 meses de idade com concentração de hemoglobina sanguínea abaixo de 11g/dl, com base nos padrões da OMS. A análise bivariada foi realizada em cada pesquisa, segundo a faixa etária, utilizando a regressão de Poisson simples. Para realizar a regressão multivariada de Poisson, as variáveis foram agrupadas em níveis hierárquicos: no primeiro nível, as variáveis relacionadas aos fatores socioeconômicos; no segundo nível, aquelas referentes às condições de habitação e saneamento que foram agrupadas em índice econômico e índice ambiental; no terceiro nível, o fator materno; no quarto nível, as variáveis ligadas à assistência à saúde e nutrição; no quinto nível, as variáveis que determinam a morbidade e o estado nutricional. Os resultados do artigo original evidenciaram que a prevalência de anemia das crianças com 6-23 meses diminuiu 11,7% entre os dois inquéritos (63% para 55,6%). Nas crianças entre 24-59 meses a diminuição observada foi bem maior, de 33,4% (31,4% para 20,9%). As variáveis que se mantiveram significativas ao final do modelo de regressão múltipla nas crianças entre 6-23 meses, em 1997, foram: menor renda familiar e classificação da família no menor tercil do índice ambiental e em 2006: residir em área rural, baixa escolaridade materna e classificação da família no menor tercil do índice ambiental. Nas crianças de 24-59 meses, as variáveis significativas no modelo de regressão múltipla, em 1997, foram: residir em área rural, classificação da família no menor tercil dos índices econômico e ambiental, e em 2006: classificação da família no menor tercil do índice econômico e menor idade da mãe. Para as crianças de 6-23 meses apenas a classificação da família no menor tercil do índice ambiental permaneceu como fator determinante da anemia nessa faixa etária entre os anos de 1997 e 2006. Nas crianças entre 24-59 meses, na tendência temporal, apenas o classificação da família no menor tercil do índice econômico permaneceu associado com a anemia. A anemia no estado de Pernambuco tem apresentado uma tendência de diminuição em ambas às faixas etárias. Para as crianças de 6-23 meses as características ambientais são determinantes da anemia, e para as de 24-59 meses, as condições econômicas adversas são importantes na gênese desta carência nutricional. Esses achados demonstram a relevância de subdividir as crianças menores de 5 anos para o planejamento das ações, de modo que contemplem os fatores específicos para cada grupo etário.
- Published
- 2013
209. Avaliação da (in)segurança alimentar em áreas de marcante instabilidade social e econômica do Nordeste
- Author
-
OLIVEIRA, Juliana Souza and BATISTA FILHO, Malaquias
- Subjects
Crianças ,Estado nutricional ,Segurança alimentar e nutricional ,Pobreza - Abstract
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico A segurança alimentar inscreve-se numa proposta de desenvolvimento humano, onde o direito à alimentação é entendido como uma prerrogativa básica, universal e indivisível, face ao pressuposto de que, sem uma alimentação adequada em quantidade e qualidade, nega-se a condição fundamental de cidadania. Objetivou-se descrever, em duas áreas de marcante instabilidade socioeconômica do Nordeste, Zona da Mata e Semi-árido, a situação de (in)segurança alimentar e sua relação com o estado nutricional de crianças, com base em um estudo transversal, em amostra de 501 famílias em Gameleira e 458 famílias, em São João do Tigre. A avaliação da (in)segurança alimentar foi efetuada mediante a aplicação da Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar, devidamente validada para a realidade do país. A classificação do estado nutricional foi feita a partir dos indicadores estatura/idade, peso/idade, índice de massa corporal (IMC), níveis de hemoglobina e retinol sérico, segundo procedimentos recomendados pela Organização Mundial de Saúde. A insegurança alimentar foi caracterizada em quase 90% das famílias dos dois municípios, predominando as condições de insegurança moderada (40,2%) em São João do Tigre e grave (36,9%) em Gameleira. Verificaram-se prevalências baixas de desnutrição pelo IMC, e resultados bem mais elevados pelo índice estatura/idade (E/I), nas duas localidades. As prevalências de anemia e hipovitaminose A foram mais elevadas em Gameleira (46,3% e 25,2%, respectivamente) comparadas com São João do Tigre (37,1% e 15,8%, pela ordem de citação). As análises de regressão linear multivariada demonstraram que, em Gameleira a renda familiar per capita, escolaridade materna e idade da criança influenciaram significativamente o estado nutricional, pelo índice E/I, enquanto em São João do Tigre apenas a renda familiar per capita e escolaridade materna se mantiveram no modelo ajustado. Para os níveis de hemoglobina em Gameleira, foram identificadas como estatisticamente significativas, depois dos ajustes, as variáveis escolaridade materna, renda per capita, não possuir TV colorida, água de consumo doméstico sem tratamento, piso de terra batida e idade abaixo de 24 meses, enquanto para São João do Tigre o modelo final estatisticamente significativo ficou resumido à ausência de motocicleta na família e a idade da criança (menos de 2 anos). Em relação aos níveis de retinol sérico, o modelo final de variáveis estatisticamente associadas ficou representado pelas condições renda per capita e sexo, para Gameleira e ausência de telefone celular e falta de esgotamento sanitário em S. J. do Tigre. Em população de elevado grau de pobreza, baixo Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano e prevalência quase generalizada de insegurança alimentar, torna-se pertinente considerar os diferentes indicadores da situação alimentar e nutricional, de tal modo que sua interpretação ressalta mais o caráter de complementaridade, de consideração de avaliação de diferentes aspectos do que a avaliação de suas discrepâncias, como nos desencontros entre os resultados da escala EBIA, por um lado, a antropometria nutricional e as carências nutricionais específicas, por outro
- Published
- 2009
210. Aleitamento materno no estado de Pernambuco: distribuição geográfica, tendências históricas e fatores associados
- Author
-
CAMINHA, Maria de Fátima Costa and BATISTA FILHO, Malaquias
- Subjects
Fatores de Risco ,Saúde da Criança ,Saúde da Mulher ,Aleitamento Materno ,Prevenção Primária ,Prevalência ,Deficiência de Vitamina A - Abstract
A prática do aleitamento materno é reconhecida como um dos principais indicadores de saúde materno-infantil, sendo importante para a cobertura dos requerimentos nutricionais do lactente, prevenção de doenças e mortes na infância e extensão de muitos dos seus efeitos benéficos durante todo o ciclo de vida. Neste sentido, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura abrangendo aspectos históricos, evidências científicas dos efeitos, prevalências, modalidades, fatores associados e duração do aleitamento materno, concluindo-se que, apesar de sua grande importância, o Brasil ainda se encontra aquém em relação ao cumprimento das metas e recomendações nacionais e internacionais. Em um segundo estudo, realizou-se pesquisa transversal analítica com 1638 crianças menores de 5 anos residentes nas áreas urbanas e rurais no Estado de Pernambuco, segundo amostra da III Pesquisa Estadual de Saúde e Nutrição, com o objetivo de analisar a prevalência e fatores associados ao aleitamento materno total e exclusivo, bem como atualizar a seqüência temporal de sua evolução no período de 15 anos. A evolução temporal do aleitamento materno entre 1991 e 2006 demonstra a elevação na duração mediana do aleitamento total de 89 para 183 dias entre 1991 e 2006, enquanto, a prevalência do aleitamento materno exclusivo aos seis meses elevou-se de 1,9% em 1997 para 10% em 2006, não havendo variação em sua mediana durante este período. Procedeu-se uma análise multivariada hierarquizada dos fatores de risco, avaliando a associação entre aleitamento materno exclusivo aos seis meses e variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas (escolaridade, idade e trabalho materno, renda per capita, número de pessoas no domicílio, área (urbano e rural), situação do domicílio (Região Metropolitana do Recife e interior) e abastecimento de água), dados obstétricos e relativos aos Serviços de Saúde (orientação quanto a amamentação no pré-natal, número de consultas no pré-natal, tipo de parto e cadastro no Programa Saúde da Família) e fatores biológicos referentes à criança (peso ao nascer e sexo). Apesar de que, nas análises bivariadas, 13 modalidades de fatores terem sido admitidas estatisticamente (p < 0,20) para participar da análise multivariada, ao se processar o ajuste na análise multivariada (valor crítico de p < 0,05), apenas permaneceram no modelo final hierarquizado a escolaridade materna e o sexo feminino da criança como fatores de proteção do aleitamento materno exclusivo. Conclui-se que, em relação às muitas propostas, os resultados da avaliação indicam uma situação bastante desfavorável no que concerne à duração do aleitamento materno exclusivo no Estado de Pernambuco, evidenciando-se, ainda, que os fatores explicativos destacados na análise multivariada estreitam a compreensão atual do problema para novas abordagens de estudo e de intervenções. Em razão da pertinência do tema estudado, o terceiro estudo discute os efeitos potenciais e efetivos da aplicação de megadoses de vitamina A no pós-parto sobre os níveis de retinol no leite e sangue maternos, concluindo que apesar de um efeito positivo em 82% dos ensaios, no que se refere ao leite materno, com respostas menos evidentes no sangue, os estudos foram controversos quando relacionados ao tempo de duração dos níveis de retinol nas mães lactantes
- Published
- 2009
211. Desvendando o padrão alimentar de famílias rurais: o que tem no prato?
- Author
-
Teixeira, Islândia Bezerra da Costa, Costa, Fernando Bastos, and Batista Filho, Malaquias
- Subjects
SAN ,Padrão alimentar ,Famílias rurais ,Rural families ,CIENCIAS HUMANAS::SOCIOLOGIA [CNPQ] ,Standard alimentary - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior That work looked for to point out the different conceptions on the family agriculture and the established self-consumption practices inside the unit of production. Hypothesis: due to the conditions, more and more restricted of producing for the self-consumption, the rural families are more favorable present her situation of alimentary insecurity as severe as for the urban families, unlike what he/she defends. The research was accomplished in three states of the Northeast: Paraíba; Rio Grande do Norte and Sergipe. The results revealed that among the main factors that expose those families to situations of constant alimentary vulnerability are had: the low quality of the alimentary consumption in what concerns the readiness, to the diversification and mainly, to the accessibility. The analyses can be to subsidize a reflection concerning the alimentary pattern of families rural front to the precepts of Food and Nutrition Security (FNS) politics Esse trabalho buscou salientar as diferentes concepções sobre a agricultura familiar e as práticas de autoconsumo estabelecidas no interior da unidade de produção. Hipótese: devido às condições, cada vez mais restritas de produzir para o autoconsumo, as famílias rurais estão mais propicias a apresentarem situação de insegurança alimentar tão severas quanto às famílias urbanas, ao contrário do que se defende. A pesquisa foi realizada em três estados do Nordeste: Paraíba; Rio Grande do Norte e Sergipe. Os resultados revelaram que dentre os principais fatores que expõem essas famílias a situações de constante vulnerabilidade alimentar têm-se: a baixa qualidade do consumo alimentar no que diz respeito à disponibilidade, à diversificação e principalmente, à acessibilidade. As análises podem servir para subsidiar uma reflexão acerca do padrão alimentar de famílias rurais frente aos preceitos da política de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional(SAN)
- Published
- 2007
212. Estado nutricional de crianças, adolescentes e adultos no contexto da transição epidemiológica
- Author
-
LEMOS, Maria da Conceição Chaves de and BATISTA FILHO, Malaquias
- Subjects
Obesidade ,Anemia ,Diabetes tipo 2 em crianças e adolescentes - Abstract
Objetivou-se, no conjunto dos três artigos aqui apresentados, estudar aspectos de uma nova agenda de nutrição em saúde coletiva que está se delineando, como resultado do processo de rápidas mudanças que estão ocorrendo no Brasil e no mundo, caracterizado epidemiologicamente como transição nutricional, tendo como pólos de representação a passagem entre a desnutrição das crianças para o sobrepeso/obesidade das populações adultas. Esta transição se acompanha e mesmo se caracteriza pela associação da desnutrição energética e protéica (DEP) com as doenças infecciosas, do mesmo modo como o sobrepeso/obesidade se correlaciona com as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis dos adultos. Entre estes dois grupos biológicos (crianças e adultos) se encontram os adolescentes, como hospedeiros intermediários, no sentido de faixa etária, entre os dois outros. No sentido de contribuir com o questionamento desta nova situação no âmbito das pesquisas científicas, fezse uma abordagem sobre a ocorrência do diabetes tipo 2 em crianças e adolescentes, mediante uma revisão bibliográfica convencional. Os resultados dos artigos evidenciam que, de fato, o diabetes mellitus do tipo 2 vem aumentando rapidamente em crianças e adolescentes de países ricos e pobres nos últimos 30 anos, passando a figurar como um importante problema de saúde pública, em alguns casos (Japão, por exemplo) com aumento de 35 vezes. Finalmente, considerando que a transição nutricional no Brasil se desenvolveu, simultaneamente, com o crescimento da prevalência da anemia em menores de 5 anos e, provavelmente, em escolares, considerou-se pertinente atualizar uma série de inquéritos sobre anemia iniciada em 1982 em alunos de 9 escolas públicas do bairro da Várzea, no Recife. Quanto às anemias em escolares, demonstrou-se que sua ocorrência aumentou de 8,8%, em 1982, para 18,9%, em 2001, decaindo para 13,4% em 2005. Esta redução foi atribuída à fortificação das massas industrializadas de trigo e milho com ferro e folato, a partir de 2004, à maior atenção do Programa Nacional de Merenda Escolar e ao maior acesso da população aos programas de saúde. Em relação ao IMC, os resultados revelaram que as populações adultas dos dois municípios avaliados já foram atingidas pela epidemia do sobrepeso/obesidade (acima de 40%), mas ela ainda não se manifesta na faixa etária de 10-19 anos. Pelo contrário, a prevalência de normalidade antropométrica foi surpreendentemente superior à encontrada no próprio padrão internacional de referência. Esta situação pode ser considerada como uma das demonstrações epidemiológicas mais expressivas da chamada transição nutricional, o que motivou a realização do presente estudo em áreas geográficas de condições socioeconômicas reconhecidamente precárias pelos dados do IBGE (Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano: IDH), avaliando-se comparativamente a prevalência de classificações do índice de massa corporal (IMC) em adolescentes e adultos, como estratégia metodológica para analisar o comportamento do estado de nutrição num segmento biológico pouco estudado (préadolescentes e adolescentes) como elo de ligação entre crianças e adultos. Realizado em dois municípios (Gameleira, na Zona da Mata de Pernambuco e São João do Tigre, no semi-árido da Paraíba) descreve e relaciona o estado de nutrição com as classificações da Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA)
- Published
- 2007
213. Prevalência, demandas ambulatoriais e hospitalização por diarréia em crianças, segundo variáveis nutricionais e fatores sócioambientais, no estado de Pernambuco
- Author
-
VASCONCELOS, Maria Josemere de Oliveira Borba and BATISTA FILHO, Malaquias
- Subjects
Diarréias em crianças ,Consultas médicas e hospitalização ,Fatores de risco ,Prevalência - Abstract
O estudo objetivou descrever e analisar a ocorrência das doenças diarréicas em menores de cinco anos, no Estado de Pernambuco e sua participação na demanda dos serviços de saúde, considerando sua possível associação com as condições nutricionais e sócioambientais. Foram utilizados os dados coletados pela II Pesquisa Estadual de Saúde e Nutrição (II PESN), realizada em 1997. O estudo envolveu uma amostra de 2.078 crianças, através de amostra probabilística descrevendo-se a prevalência de diarréia nos últimos 15 dias, as consultas ambulatoriais pelo médico nos últimos três meses e hospitalizações nos 12 meses antecedentes à entrevista. Em seqüência, realizou-se a análise da associação com os possíveis fatores de risco. Por fim, aplicou-se a análise multivariada, através da regressão logística, para excluir possíveis efeitos de colinearidade. Os resultados obtidos mostraram uma prevalência de 19,8% de diarréia, distribuídas em três estratos geográficos do Estado de Pernambuco. No modelo final explicativo permaneceram como fatores de risco: a idade da criança (menor de 2 anos), o tipo de teto (telha e outros) e maior número de pessoas, por cômodo, na residência, e a falta de geladeira. Em relação à consulta ambulatorial, em termos numéricos, as diarréias figuram como o quarto maior grupo de causas no Estado. O modelo estatístico de predição de consultas por diarréia foi representado pela idade das crianças, a existência de rádio e o estado de nutrição pelo índice altura / idade. Por fim, a diarréia contribuiu com um quarto das hospitalizações infantis do Estado, estando as condições deficientes de esgotamento sanitário relacionadas ao maior risco destas ocorrências. A prevalência de diarréia em crianças, no Estado de Pernambuco, apresenta marcantes diferenciações de caráter geográfico, com maior prevalência no interior urbano, bem como em relação aos fatores de risco, às demandas ambulatoriais e hospitalares e às variáveis associadas à sua ocorrência. Recomenda-se a realização de pesquisas prospectivas, cobrindo principalmente os dois primeiros anos de vida, com o propósito de documentar a incidência de casos em função dos fatores de risco identificados no presente estudo ou em outros que venham a ser considerados
- Published
- 2006
214. Aspectos alimentares e nutricionais de escolares em educandários públicos no bairro da Várzea
- Author
-
VERAS, Ida Cristina Leite and BATISTA FILHO, Malaquias
- Subjects
Aspectos alimentares, Nutricionais - Abstract
Objetivando descrever aspectos básicos da alimentação e do estado de nutrição dos escolares, como referência para melhoria do programa de merenda em escolas públicas, foi desenvolvido estudo numa amostra de 712 alunos de 9 escolas públicas do bairro da Várzea-Recife. Comparou-se resultados desta pesquisa, coletados em 2001, com os resultados de outro estudo ocorrido nas mesmas escolas em 1982. Foram avaliados: estado nutricional (DEP) pelos índices peso/altura, peso/idade, altura/idade segundo padrão NCHS; anemia (hemoglobina
- Published
- 2004
215. Concepções e práticas do agente comunitário na atenção à saúde do idoso Camaragibe /PE
- Author
-
BEZERRA, Adriana Falangola Benjamin and BATISTA FILHO, Malaquias
- Subjects
Planejamento estratégico ,Politicas ,Saúde pública - Abstract
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as concepções predominantes referentes ao processo saúde doença, em idosos, entre as agentes comunitárias ACS, do município de Camaragibe, Pernambuco, Brasil. Adotou-se a metodologia qualitativa. Nesta pesquisa foram entrevistadas 148 Agentes Comunitárias de Saúde ACS. Os resultados mostram que as ACS identificam como principal atribuição desenvolver atividades de educação em saúde e realizar ações básicas; a maioria refere opinião de valor negativo em relação ao envelhecimento e apresenta compreensão integral do conceito de saúde. Segundo as ACS, as queixas mais citadas pelos idosos, durante a visita domiciliar, referem-se aos problemas de saúde e à necessidade de afeto. O cuidado com os problemas de saúde foi identificado como a principal responsabilidade do ACS para com o idoso e as dificuldades para operacionalizar o atendimento localizam-se no campo da organização dos serviços. A sondagem em relação às expectativas revelou o desejo das ACS em saber tudo sobre o envelhecimento. A análise do conteúdo das entrevistas permite concluir que as ACS identificam-se como protagonistas da atenção básica e agentes nucleares da realização de determinadas políticas de saúde. As concepções em relação às atribuições e à saúde do idoso apresentam uma visão positiva, associadas a uma abordagem holística. A representação social do idoso, as queixas dos idosos, os cuidados dos ACS para com os idosos e os entraves no desempenho das atividades tiveram como respostas temas relacionados ao adoecimento. O produto das entrevistas com as ACS indicou a necessidade de realização de uma oficina de trabalho com gestores e gerentes do sistema municipal de saúde, visando a sensibilização, responsabilização e sustentabilidade das atividades das agentes junto ao segmento idoso. O suporte teórico adotado para a oficina foi o do planejamento estratégico. A operacionalização foi baseada na exposição dialogada de conteúdos sobre o envelhecimento e o exercício prático de construção de um plano. Os resultados da oficina indicam a necessidade da gestão municipal investir na divulgação e implantação da Política Nacional do Idoso, priorizando a educação em saúde, através da implementação de um plano intersetorial de atenção ao idoso, com investimento na capacitação
- Published
- 2004
216. Anemia no binômio mãe-filho, no Estado de Pernmabuco: aspectos espaciais, biológicos e socioeconômico
- Author
-
SILVA, Shirley Cristina de Lima e and BATISTA FILHO, Malaquias
- Subjects
Saúde pública ,Filho-prevalência ,Anemia-mãe - Abstract
A anemia apresenta-se, atualmente, como o problema nutricional de maior relevância em termos de magnitude afetando indivíduos de todas as faixas etárias, especialmente crianças nos primeiros anos de vida, mulheres em período reprodutivo e gestantes. O estudo objetivou conhecer a situação da anemia em mães e crianças menores de cinco anos, a relação probabilística de sua ocorrência entre mãe e filho biológico e a possível influência de condições socioambientais nessa relação, em diferentes espaços geoeconômicos do Estado de Pernambuco. Foram utilizados os dados coletados pela II Pesquisa Estadual de Saúde e Nutrição (II PESN), realizada em 1997, sendo este um estudo de corte transversal (tipo survey ), considerando a família com crianças menores de cinco anos como unidade de estudo, objetivando principalmente atualizar e ampliar o diagnóstico da situação da saúde, nutrição, alimentação e condições socioeconômicas em crianças e em mulheres em idade reprodutiva. O presente estudo envolveu uma amostra de 827 crianças menores de cinco anos (314 na RMR, 255 no IU e 258 no IR) e 807 mães (283 na RMR, 271 no IU e 253 no IR). Os resultados obtidos mostraram uma prevalência de 46,9% de anemia em crianças menores de cinco anos, distribuídas em três estratos geográficos do Estado de Pernambuco. As mães apresentaram uma prevalência geral de 21,8% de anemia. Entre as variáveis estudadas, o estrato geográfico, a idade, a escolaridade da mãe, a renda familiar, a renda per capita, esgotamento sanitário e destino do lixo, regime de ocupação da residência, pré-natal e distância do posto de saúde influenciaram significantemente a ocorrência de anemia nas crianças. Em relação às mães, apenas o estrato geográfico, esgotamento sanitário, destino do lixo e regime de ocupação da residência apresentaram relação estatisticamente significante com a anemia. Observa-se que, no binômio mãe-filho, houve uma relação estatisticamente significativa entre a anemia da mãe e do respectivo filho. Entre as mães anêmicas, 66,3% tiveram filhos anêmicos, sendo que o odds ratio dessa relação apresentou um risco de 2,36 vezes maior de a mãe anêmica ter um filho com anemia, em comparação com mães com níveis normais de hemoglobina. Conclui-se que existem marcantes diferenciações no perfil epidemiológico das anemias em mães e filhos no Estado de Pernambuco, seja em termos de pervalência, seja quanto aos fatores de riscos relacionados com o problema. Com exceção do Interior Urbano, houve associação na ocorrência de anemia entre mães e filhos biológicos no Estado e nos estratos geográficos
- Published
- 2004
217. Monitoramento do crescimento e desenvolvimento de menores de cinco anos atendidos em serviços públicos de saúde do Estado de Pernambuco
- Author
-
RATIS, Cristiane de Albuquerque Silva and BATISTA FILHO, Malaquias
- Subjects
Serviços Públicos de Saúde ,Avaliação em Saúde ,Monitoramento do Crescimento e Desenvolvimento Infantil - Abstract
O estudo objetiva avaliar o monitoramento do crescimento e desenvolvimento numa amostra de 1.669 menores de cinco anos em 120 serviços públicos de saúde do Estado de Pernambuco (Região Metropolitana e Interior), a parir de dados da pesquisa Atenção à Saúde Materno-Infantil realizada em 1998. A avaliação considera aspectos referentes à estrutura, ao processo, à conduta dos profissionais ao detectar problemas no crescimento e desenvolvimento e à opinião dos mesmos a respeito da resolutividade do serviço referente às ações de crescimento e desenvolvimento. Os resultados obtidos revelam que 84,2% das unidades dispõem de balanças para o atendimento das crianças; 90% possuem cartão, sendo o estoque suficiente em 83,3%, apresentando distribuições estatisticamente significantes para os espaços geográficos (p< 0,05). Mais de 70% das unidades não possuem normas orientadoras do monitoramento do crescimento e desenvolvimento infantil. Dos profissionais destinados ao atendimento das crianças, 76% correspondem a atendentes, auxiliares de enfermagem e enfermeiros, 23% são médicos e 1% nutricionistas. No total de crianças atendidas no estado, 45,9% não foram pesadas e 83,8% não foram medidas; mais de 80% dos acompanhantes não receberam nenhuma informação sobre o crescimento e desenvolvimento de suas crianças. Há diferença estatisticamente significante (p
- Published
- 2003
218. Desnutrição em crianças menores de cinco anos no Estado de Pernambuco: uma análise de relações causais hierarquizadas
- Author
-
RISSIN, Anete and BATISTA FILHO, Malaquias
- Subjects
Modelo hierárquico ,Desnutrição ,Desnutrição infantil - Abstract
Com o objetivo de estabelecer um modelo de relações causais que possa configurar a natureza, hierarquia e importância de fatores explicativos da desnutrição em crianças menores de cinco anos, em diferentes espaços geoeconômicos, analisou-se o banco de dados da II Pesquisa Estadual de Saúde e Nutrição do Estado de Pernambuco (PESN, 1997), compreendendo uma amostra de 2.040 crianças (712 na Região Metropolitana do Recife, 684 no Interior Urbano e 644 no Interior Rural). Foi construído um modelo conceitual hierarquizado e utilizou-se a análise de regressão logística múltipla hierarquizada para avaliar a possível significância estatística dos fatores hipotéticos de risco de retardo estatural (< -2 escores Z do padrão NCHS). Evidenciou-se a coexistência de fatores comuns para os três estratos geoeconômicos (renda familiar per capita, escolaridade da mãe, número de moradores por cômodo, peso ao nascer), e outros que são peculiares a estratos específicos: a)Região Metropolitana do Recife: visita do agente comunitário de saúde e internação por pneumonia nos últimos 12 meses. b)Interior Urbano: esgotamento sanitário c)Interior Rural: abastecimento de água, tratamento da água de beber, distância do serviço de saúde e local do parto. O Interior Rural é o espaço em que se identificou um maior número de fatores de risco, o que sugere uma condição que necessita um espectro mais diversificado de intervenções
- Published
- 2003
219. Proposição de novos conceitos e métodos de avaliação antropométrica do estado nutricional de gestantes
- Author
-
COÊLHO, Kenya Waleria de Siqueira, BATISTA FILHO, Malaquias, and SOUZA, Ariani Impieri de
- Subjects
Gestantes ,Avaliação nutricional ,Antropometria - Abstract
Com o objetivo de analisar aspectos conceituais e metodológicos relacionados com os métodos de avaliação antropométrica do estado nutricional de gestantes, estudou-se uma amostra de 326 mulheres grávidas e o peso ao nascer de seus conceptos, tendo como local de coleta de dados o pré-natal do Instituto Materno Infantil de Pernambuco. Foram estudadas, comparativamente, as distribuições do estado nutricional resultantes da aplicação dos métodos de Rosso et al(1985), Atalah et al(1997) original, Atalah modificado e circunferência braquial. O estado nutricional correspondente a cada modelo de classificação foi cruzado com os dados do peso ao nascer, estimando-se, nestes cruzamentos, as taxas de sensibilidade, especificidade, valores preditivos positivos e negativos, falsos positivos, falsos negativos e índices de concordância e discordância. A prevalência de baixo peso gestacional, correspondente à condição provável de desnutrição materna, foi de 52,04% para a classificação de Rosso et al (1985), 31,3% para Atalah et al (1997) original, 10,2% para Atalah modificado e 19,3% para circunferência braquial, ocorrendo, portanto, uma grande variação nos resultados indicativos de desnutrição materna. A frequência de baixo peso ao nascer (
- Published
- 2001
220. Prevalence, Trends and Conditions for the DTP3 Vaccine: A 25-Year Historical Perspective.
- Author
-
de Araújo Veras AAC, Arruda Vidal S, Costa de Macêdo V, de Carvalho Lima M, Cabral de Lira PI, da Fonseca Lima EJ, and Batista Filho M
- Abstract
Background: The aim was to verify the prevalence of vaccination coverage, tendency and factors of the third dose of the vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis-DTP3 in surveys over the period of 25 years in a state of the Northeast of Brazil., Methods: Cross-sectional and temporal series, utilizing ad hoc database, were extracted from the Health and Nutrition State Research 1991, 1997, 2006 and 2015/2016. Children from 12 to 23 months of age with proof in the vaccination card were included. The vaccination coverage (outcome) of each year was calculated, the tendency throughout the period was analyzed and the associations through Pearson chi-squared were tested. The results of the first and last survey were compared with a significance level of 5%. The reasons of the crude prevalence and confidence intervals of 95% were estimated., Results: The vaccination coverage in 1991, 1997, 2006 and 2015/2016 was 77.6%, 82.7%, 89.7% and 72.9%, respectively, with an increasing tendency from 1991 to 2006 (p<0.001) and decreasing between 2006 and 2015/2016 (p<0.001). Factors in 1991: low socioeconomic conditions; lack of access to health service and pre-natal care, nutritional deficit and diarrhea in children (p<0.005). In 2015/2016, low socioeconomic conditions and diarrhea persisted and a larger family size, black, negative self-perception of happiness, both from the mother (p<0.05), were identified., Conclusion: The factors of the recent decrease of vaccination coverage are complex, multifactorial, dependent of context and even on subjective aspects of the maternal perception. Its identification contributed to the understanding of inadequate vaccination at the state level., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest for this work., (© 2021 Araújo Veras et al.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
221. Excess weight among women in a low-income urban community: socioeconomic, demographic and reproductive factors.
- Author
-
Dinegri L, Batista Filho M, Santos HVDD, Lira PIC, Cabral PC, Eickmann SH, and Lima MC
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Body Mass Index, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Socioeconomic Factors, Young Adult, Nutritional Status, Overweight epidemiology
- Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of excess weight and associated factors in women of reproductive age living in a low-income community. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 663 women 15 to 49 years of age residing in the neighborhood of Coelhos in the city of Recife, Brazil. Body mass index (BMI)-for-age was used to classify the nutritional status of the adolescents (15 to 19 years of age), adopting Z-score of ≥+1 for the definition of overweight. For the adults, BMI≥25.0 kg/m² was considered indicative of overweight. Socioeconomic, demographic and reproductive variables were analyzed as possible factors associated with overweight. The prevalence of excess weight was found in two thirds of the sample. The results of the Poisson multiple regression analysis showed a significantly higher prevalence of excess weight with the advance in age, among those with a younger menarche age, those who had three or more pregnancies, those living with their partner and those self-declared black or white. Multiparity was the only factor associated with excess weight that could be modified, which underscores the importance of prenatal and family planning services to its prevention and control.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
222. Overweight and obesity and associated factors in adults in a poor urban area of Northeastern Brazil.
- Author
-
Melo SPDSC, Cesse EÂP, Lira PIC, Ferreira LCCDN, Rissin A, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Adult, Age Distribution, Brazil epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus epidemiology, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Hypertension epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Nutritional Status, Poisson Distribution, Prevalence, Sex Distribution, Socioeconomic Factors, Time Factors, Obesity epidemiology, Overweight epidemiology, Urban Population statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Introduction: The changes that occurred in the health/disease process, especially in the field of nutrition, corroborate the replacement of nutritional deficiencies with the pandemic emergency of overweight (overweight/obesity)., Objective: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with overweight in adults living in a poor urban area in Recife, Northeast Brazil., Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 644 adults aged 20-59 years. Possible associations of overweight with demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral and morbidity factors were analyzed through Poisson Regression, considering as statistically significant those with p < 0.05., Results: The prevalence of overweight was 70.3%, being lower in the age range of 20-29 years, greater in the range of 30-39 years and stabilizing in the others. In the final multivariate model, it was observed that the age group, economic class, diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure were directly associated with overweight, while bean consumption showed an inverse association. The high prevalence of overweight found indicates that poor communities are already included in the nutritional transition process that is in course in country., Conclusion: The significant result of overweight found at this poor urban area imposes the need to include this problem as a public health priority in these communities.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
223. [Chronic noncommunicable diseases and associated factors among adults in an impoverished urban area of the Brazilian northeast].
- Author
-
Melo SPDSC, Cesse EÂP, Lira PIC, Rissin A, Cruz RSBLC, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Adult, Age Factors, Brazil epidemiology, Chronic Disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Promotion methods, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Young Adult, Noncommunicable Diseases epidemiology, Poverty, Urban Population statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
The scope of this study is to analyze the prevalence and factors associated with Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (CNCD) in adults living in an impoverished urban area located in Recife in the Brazilian northeast. It is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 631 adults of 20 to 59 years of age. The possible associations of CNCD with demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral and health-related factors were analyzed using Poisson Regression, considering a p value of < 0.05 as being statistically significant. The prevalence of CNCD was 56.7%; highest among males (60.8%); adults aged 50-59 years (80.5%); lower economic class (57.7%); and lower level of schooling (62%). The problem was also associated with individuals with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (34.2%) as well as individuals who reported poor health status (76.4%). In the multivariate hierarchical model, the statistically significant variables were: schooling, BMI, health perception, gender and age bracket. A high prevalence of at least one CNCD was observed, as well as a statistically significant association between CNCD and the following variables: schooling, BMI, health perception, gender and age bracket. These results suggest the need to intensify health promotion actions in poor communities, aiming at enhanced control of health in general.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
224. Nutritional status of exclusive breastfed infants in the state of Pernambuco.
- Author
-
Azevedo PTÁCC, Caminha MFC, Cruz RSBLC, Silva SLD, Paula WKAS, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Adult, Anthropometry, Brazil, Child Development, Child Health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Male, Socioeconomic Factors, Young Adult, Breast Feeding statistics & numerical data, Dietary Supplements statistics & numerical data, Nutritional Status
- Abstract
Introduction: Exclusive breastfeeding (BF), after the sixth month of life, as a single food source is not recommended. It is believed that it is not possible to supply the caloric needs of protein, iron and vitamin without adequate food supplementation., Objective: To comparethe nutritional statusof children withexclusive breastfeeding(BF)for more than 6monthsversuschildren with otherbreastfeeding practices., Method: Cross-sectionalexploratory studywith685children(39BF >6months and646with otherbreastfeeding practices).Situations ofanthropometricdeficit were considered by values< -2 in Z score, anemia evaluated by hemoglobin < 11 g/dL,and deficient/lowlevels ofvitamin A by serumretinol < 1.05 µmol/L., Results: There were nocases ofdeficitin the anthropometric ratios of weight/height, weight/age andbody mass index(BMI)among childrenBF > 6months,while the comparison group was approximately 0.5%. In theheight/ageratio,the deficitwasaround 2.6% in both groups.Inthe weight/height ratioand BMI,the resultsranged from28.7 to 31.9% foroverweight in group comparisson. TheaverageHb, serumretinol, weightand heightwere similarbetween thegroups., Discussion: The low prevalence (≤ 0.6%) of protein energy malnutrition in both groups represents a surprising finding, below the values found in reference to normal international reference, WHO standard., Conclusion: Children who maintained BF after six months exhibited equivalent nutritional status to those of children with other breastfeeding practices.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
225. Diarrheal diseases and hospitalization of children under five years of age according to population-based surveys in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, in the years 1997 and 2006.
- Author
-
Vasconcelos MJOB, Rissin A, Figueiroa JN, Lira PIC, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Brazil epidemiology, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Prevalence, Surveys and Questionnaires, Diarrhea epidemiology, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data, Rural Population, Urban Population
- Abstract
The scope of this paper was to assess the temporal and geographical trends of diarrhea and its implications on the demands of hospitalizations of children under five years of age in the state of Pernambuco in 1997 and 2006. Databases of two population-based surveys were assessed with probabilistic samples of 2078 children (1997) and 1650 children (2006) evaluated in 18 municipalities of Pernambuco, including the Metropolitan Region of Recife, Urban Interior and Rural Interior. Prevalence was considered to involve the occurrence of cases on the day or in the two weeks prior to the interview and as admissions, service cases with minimal hospital stay of 24 hours in the period, covering up to one year before the interview. The prevalence of diarrhea in Pernambuco had a statistically non-significant decline (19.8% to 18.1%; p = 0.192). However, a statistically-significant reduction was observed (16.9% to 10.5%; p = 0.003) in the Metropolitan Region of Recife. The number of admissions increased by more than double (2.7% to 5.5% in the State and from 1.6% to 3.8% within the Metropolitan Region of Recife), in contrast with national trends. Therefore, diarrhea in the State appears as the main component of the demands of pediatric hospitalizations during the period under scrutiny.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
226. Factors associated with diarrhea in children under five years old in the state of Pernambuco, according to surveys conducted in 1997 and 2006.
- Author
-
Vasconcelos MJOB, Rissin A, Figueiroa JN, Lira PIC, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Analysis of Variance, Brazil epidemiology, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environment, Female, Housing statistics & numerical data, Humans, Infant, Male, Maternal Age, Mothers, Population Density, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Rural Population, Socioeconomic Factors, Urban Population, Diarrhea epidemiology, Health Surveys statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE Describe and compare variations of the factors associated with the prevalence of diarrhea in children under five years old in the state of Pernambuco. METHODS We used the databases of two population-based surveys from the years 1997 and 2006, with 2,078 and 1,650 children, respectively, evaluated in 18 municipalities of Pernambuco (Metropolitan Region of Recife, urban and rural interior). The variables, allocated at hierarchical levels, were analyzed using prevalence and Poisson regression ratios. RESULTS Only four variables were independently associated and were included in the final hierarchical model: geographical area, number of people per room, maternal age and the age of the child. In 1997: urban interior = 1.33 (95%CI 1.06-1.66), rural interior = 1.22 (95%CI 0.97-1.53) and in 2006: urban interior = 1.87 (95%CI 1.31-2.66), rural interior = 2.07 (95%CI 1.50-2.85); number of persons per room (1997): 1 to less than 2 = 1.29 (95%CI 0.98-1.68), two or more = 1.47 (95%CI 1.11-1.95) and in 2006: 1 to less than 2 = 0.86 (95%CI 0.68-1.09), two or more = 1.29 (95%CI 0.94-1.75); maternal age (1997): 10 to 19 years = 1.48 (95%CI 1.05-2.08), 20 to 24 years = 1.23 (95%CI 0.94-1.60), 25 to 34 years = 1.01 (95%CI 0.78-1.30) and in 2006: 10 to 19 years old = 1.70 (95%CI 1.08-2.66), 20 to 24 years old = 1.64 (95%CI 1.16-2.32), 25 to 34 years = 1.20 (95%CI 0.89-1.62); and age of the child (1997): 0-11 months = 1.57 (95%CI 1.27-1.94), 12-23 months = 1.73 (95%CI 1.41-2.12) and in 2006: 0-11 months = 1.04 (95%CI 0.76-1.41), 12-23 months = 1.77 (95%CI 1.41-2.23). CONCLUSIONS There was a great variability of the conditioners of diarrhea in children between the two periods analyzed. At the public policy level, despite changes in terms of people, time sequences, and geographic spaces, diarrhea remains on an important scale in the ranking of government power.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
227. [Anthropometric assessment of nutritional status in pregnancy: comparison of five diagnostic methods used in Latin AmericaClasificación antropométrica de las embarazadas: comparación de cinco métodos de diagnóstico utilizados en América Latina].
- Author
-
Lins da Silva S, Bresani-Salvi CC, de Fátima Costa Caminha M, Figueiroa JN, and Batista Filho M
- Abstract
Objective: To determine the agreement between five anthropometric methods used for nutritional assessment in pregnancy and to compare the distribution of nutritional status obtained with each method to that of the population of non-pregnant young women in Brazil., Method: This is a cross-sectional study with data from 1 108 pregnant women aged 19 to 35 years who received prenatal care from September 2011 to April 2012 in health services in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Nutritional status (underweight, appropriate weight, overweight/obesity) was determined using the criteria of Mardones and Rosso, Mardones et al., Atalah et al., Centro Latino Americano de Perinatologia (CLAP), and the Institute of Medicine (IOM-2009). Kappa agreement was estimated for the pairs of methods, and the chi-square goodness of fit test was performed to compare the frequency distribution of each nutritional category in each of the methods in comparison to the distribution in non-pregnant women classified according to body mass index (BMI, WHO cut-off points)., Results: Agreement between the methods was observed for overweight/obesity (kappa > 0.60), but not for underweight (kappa ≤ 0.60), particularly in the comparison of IOM-2009 (which relies on prepregnancy BMI) with other methods. The frequency distributions obtained with the five methods showed lower percentages of overweight/obesity and higher percentages of underweight as compared to the reference population of non-pregnant women ( P < 0.001)., Conclusion: The disparities observed in the present study may have resulted from the heterogeneity among the methods. This suggests that additional surveys are needed to establish population-specific anthropometric standards., Competing Interests: Conflitos de interesse. Nada declarado pelos autores.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
228. [The influence of breastfeeding in the hospitalization of children under two years of age in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, in 1997 and 2006].
- Author
-
Mota TT, Caminha Mde F, Figueiroa JN, de Lira PI, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Body Weight, Brazil epidemiology, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Status, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Socioeconomic Factors, Breast Feeding, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
The scope of this paper was to evaluate the influence of breastfeeding and other factors on the incidence of hospitalization and the frequency and main causes of hospitalization in children under two years of age in the State of Pernambuco. It is a cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study using secondary data obtained from the II and III State Health and Nutrition Surveys (PESN) carried out in 1997 and 2006, respectively. A sample of 1503 infants under two years of age was studied. Pearson's Chi-square test was used to analyze bivariate associations and Fisher's exact test for comparison of risk of hospitalization in the two years of observation and Poisson regression for the adjustment of the multivariate model of hospitalizations in the last survey. In the two years analyzed, there was no statistically significant difference in the percentage of hospitalizations of children. The lower risk of hospitalization remained for those who were breastfed exclusively. Regarding to environmental, socioeconomic, demographic characteristics and health assistance, several factors have evolved favorably in the period assessed. In the final model, only the weight/length ratio (low weight category) remained associated with the risk of hospitalization in children under two years of age factors.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
229. Factors associated with breastfeeding practice for at least six months in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil.
- Author
-
Cavalcanti SH, Caminha Mde F, Figueiroa JN, Serva VM, Cruz Rde S, de Lira PI, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Adult, Brazil, Case-Control Studies, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Young Adult, Breast Feeding statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Introduction: Despite the scientific consensus on the benefits that breastfeeding provides for the mother, the baby, the family and the environment, and also the recommendation to breastfeed exclusively for six months, this practice is far from being achieved., Objective: To analyze the factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for at least six month, as opposed to weaning up to the second month of life in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil., Methods: A case-control study of 124 cases (EBF for at least six months) matched for age and sex with 248 controls (weaning up to the second month of life). Cases and controls were drawn from the III State Health and Nutrition Survey. The exposure variables selected were maternal age and education, per capita income, housing zone, prenatal consultations, type of delivery, professional who assisted the delivery, and prenatal breastfeeding guidance. Logistic regression was applied to variables that showed a p-value < 0.2 in the bivariate analysis, and the variables with p-value < 0.05 were included in the final model., Results: Of the eight groups of variables considered as possible predictors of EBF for at least six months, two remained as associated factors: maternal age between 20 - 35 years old, with odds ratio (OR) 2.5 and 95% confidence interval 95%CI 1.4 - 4.5; and maternal education of 5 - 8 years of schooling (OR 2.1; 95%CI 1.2 - 3.6)., Conclusion: The study shows that mobilization of the public sector and stimulus to research is still needed for the success of EBF and for mother and child health.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
230. [Time trends in anemia and associated factors in two age groups (6-23 and 24-59 months) in Pernambuco State, Brazil, 1997-2006].
- Author
-
Vasconcelos PN, Cavalcanti DS, Leal LP, Osório MM, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Brazil epidemiology, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Nutritional Status, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Time Factors, Anemia epidemiology
- Abstract
Data from two health and nutrition surveys were used to analyze times trends in anemia and associated factors in children 6-23 and 24-59 months of age in Pernambuco State, Brazil. The samples totaled 777 and 993 children 6-59 months of age in the 2nd PESN/1997 and 3rd PESN/2006 surveys, respectively. The exploratory variables were grouped into five hierarchical levels: socioeconomic factors; economic index and environmental index; maternal factors; health and nutritional care; and morbidity and nutritional status, analyzed by Poisson logistic regression. From the first to the second survey, anemia prevalence decreased by 11.7% and 33.4%, respectively, for children 6-23 and 24-59 months of age. In the time trend analysis, only the lower tertile of the environmental index remained as a determinant factor for anemia in children 6-23 months of age, and the lower tertile of the economic index remained statistically significant in children 24-59 months of age. The study concludes that the decrease in anemia was more significant in the 24-59 month age group.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
231. Diagnostic accuracy of hemoglobin for iron deficiency in pregnancy: disclosing results of a cited clinical trial.
- Author
-
Salvi CC, Braga MC, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Anemia, Iron-Deficiency drug therapy, Clinical Trials as Topic, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Reproducibility of Results, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency blood, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency diagnosis, Hemoglobins analysis, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic blood, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic diagnosis
- Abstract
Objective: To analyze the accuracy of hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations as a diagnostic indicator of iron deficiency in pregnant women and to measure the efficacy of oral iron therapy using Hb z-scores rather than Hb absolute values., Methods: The sensitivity and specificity of Hb < 11.0 g/dL, and its receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, in the diagnosis of iron deficiency (serum ferritin (SF) < 12.0 ng/mL) were determined in 318 women in their second trimester of pregnancy who had been screened for a clinical trial conducted in 2001 in Northeast Brazil. A secondary analysis of iron therapy efficacy was carried out using data from the trial's three different treatments (60 mg of oral iron once per week (n = 46), twice per week (n = 50), and once per day (n = 44)). The mean differences between post- and pre-treatment Hb absolute values (g/dL) and z-scores (standard deviation (SD)) were calculated for the three treatment groups for study participants with and without iron deficiency., Results: Hb sensitivity, specificity, and area under the ROC curve were 60.7%, 44.3%, and 0.54 respectively. Women without iron deficiency showed improvements in Hb absolute values (as in the clinical trial's overall results) but did not have improved Hb z-scores (with scores of - 0.6 SD (95% confidence interval (CI): - 0.99, - 0.28); - 0.2 SD (95% CI: - 0.47, 0.08); and - 0.1 SD (95% CI: - 0.33, 0.18) for weekly, twice-per-week, and daily iron treatment schemes respectively). In contrast, iron-deficient women treated with the intermittent schemes had reductions in both Hb absolute values and Hb z-scores, respectively: weekly = - 0.42 g/dL (95% CI: - 0.72, - 0.12) and - 1.4 SD (95% CI: - 1.74, - 0.99); twice per week = - 0.14 g/dL (95% CI: - 0.46, 0.17) and - 1.1 SD (95% CI: - 1.44, - 0.75)., Conclusions: These analyses revealed that Hb concentrations were not an accurate indicator of either iron needs or iron-therapy response in pregnant women.
- Published
- 2014
232. [Breastfeeding in children from 0 to 59 months in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, in accordance with weight at birth].
- Author
-
Caminha Mde F, de Azevedo PT, Sampaio BB, de Acioly VM, Belo MP, de Lira PI, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Adult, Brazil, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Young Adult, Birth Weight, Breast Feeding statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
The scope of this paper was to describe and analyze the practice of breastfeeding in children under five years of age in the state of Pernambuco, in 2006 in accordance with birth weight. It involved a cross-sectional study with a sample of 1,595 children. The chi square test was used to examine bivariate associations and Poisson regression was applied for multivariate adjustment of conditioning factors to exclusive breastfeeding > 4 months, according to birth weight. It was found that the practice of prenatal care and number of visits benefited children born weighing > 2,500 gram, compared to those with birth weight < 2,500 g (low birth weight - LBW). There was no statistical difference in the ratings of breastfeeding, according to birth weight. The years of formal study and type of delivery variables were linked to the group associated with LBW, while for children weighing > 2,500 g associations with the per capita income, geographical area, guidance on breastfeeding during prenatal care and sex of the children variables were detected. The group of LBW children did not benefit from recommendations regarding breastfeeding and also the results from the relations of the variables that remained in the two groups were different, representing the final models of the multivariate analyses.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
233. [Anemia and vitamin A deficiency in children under five years old attended under the Family Health Program in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil].
- Author
-
de Paula WK, Caminha Mde F, Figueirôa JN, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Brazil epidemiology, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Family Health, Female, Government Programs, Humans, Infant, Male, Prevalence, Anemia epidemiology, Vitamin A Deficiency epidemiology
- Abstract
The scope of this study was to describe the prevalence and factors associated with anemia and vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in children under five years old assisted under the Family Health Program. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Pernambuco, Brazil, in 2006. Children between 6 and 59 months-old, who had performed measurements of hemoglobin and serum retinol, were selected using samples from 945 and 563 children respectively. Anemia was determined by the hemoglobin level < 11 g/dL and VAD by serum retinol < µmol/L. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed by Poisson multiple regression using a hierarchical model. Anemia prevalence was 35%, decreasing with the increase number of people per room, maternal age and the child's age. With respect to VAD, its prevalence was 16%, rising in places where garbage disposal was inadequate and in children who had suffered from diarrhea in the previous fifteen days. The prevalence of anemia was more than double that found for VAD, highlighting the influence of environmental factors on VAD.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
234. [Vitamin A deficiency in mothers and children in the state of Pernambuco].
- Author
-
Miglioli TC, Fonseca VM, Gomes Junior SC, de Lira PI, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Brazil epidemiology, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Middle Aged, Mothers, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Rural Population, Young Adult, Family Health, Vitamin A Deficiency epidemiology
- Abstract
The prevalence and risk factors associated with vitamin A deficiency (VAD) were analyzed in 664 mothers and their 790 children under the age of five in Pernambuco in 2006. A population-based cross-sectional study, with a representative sample in urban and rural areas was conducted. VAD was defined as serum retinol levels < 20 mg/dL for both groups (mothers and children). Bi and multivariate analysis were performed using the complementary log-log model as a link function adopting a model of explanatory hierarchical order of VAD to children and a logistic model for mothers. The prevalence of VAD was 6.9% in mothers and 16.1% in their children, with similar statistics for urban and. rural groups. In the urban area, the housing occupation regime had a significant association with VAD in mothers. After the final adjustment of the model for urban children, the mother's age, the number of pre-natal consultations and birth weight were featured as predictive variables. In rural areas, VAD in mothers is associated with VAD in children; PR= 3.99 (95% CI:1.73-9.19), with their birth weight and the incidence of diarrhea in the previous 15 days. VAD continues to be a public health issue in the state of Pernambuco, with marked variations in prevalence and associated factors in mothers and children.
- Published
- 2013
235. [Development and application of a new index for assessment of prenatal care].
- Author
-
Silva EP, Lima RT, Costa MJ, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Brazil, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care, Pregnancy, Young Adult, Prenatal Care classification, Prenatal Care standards
- Abstract
Objective: To develop and apply a new instrument to evaluate prenatal care based on the guidelines of the Brazilian Humanization Program for Prenatal Care and Birth, including quantitative and qualitative elements distributed according to the evaluation triad of structure, process, and outcomes., Methods: An analytic, descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional study was carried out with 238 women receiving care in 44 primary care services in the city of João Pessoa, Northeast Brazil, between November 2010 and December 2011. Physicians and nurses involved in prenatal care were also interviewed. The instrument developed by the investigators contains 23 questions relating to structure, process and outcomes of pre-natal care. Based on the information collected, pre-natal care was classified according to an IPR/Pre-Natal index (Índice IPR/Pré-Natal, where I stands for infrastructure, P for work process and R for results). A value of 1 is attributed to each question if it complies with the criteria established for quality, or 2 if it does not comply. The percent of adequate answers in relation to the 23 total questions is used to classify prenatal care as: upper adequate (100% adequate answers); adequate (>75%); intermediate (51 to 74%); and inadequate (<50%). The classification categories for the Pre-Natal/IPR index were compared to those of the Kessner and Adequacy of Prenatal Care Utilization (APNCU) indices., Results: Questions relating to the work process contributed significantly to the classification of prenatal care as intermediate according to the IPR/Pre-Natal. IPR/Pre-Natal classification categories were consistent to detect prematurity, insufficient weight at birth and absence of exclusive breastfeeding., Conclusions: The IPR/Pre-Natal index effectively incorporated quantitative and qualitative elements for the assessment of pre-natal care.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
236. [Factors associated with breastfeeding in two municipalities with low human development index in Northeast Brazil].
- Author
-
Oliveira MG, Lira PI, Batista Filho M, and Lima Mde C
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Brazil, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Socioeconomic Factors, Time Factors, Young Adult, Breast Feeding statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Objective: To determine the duration of breastfeeding and to identify factors associated with exclusive / predominant breastfeeding in children under two years old., Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from March to June 2005 in the municipalities of Gameleira and São João do Tigre, located in the interior of Pernambuco and Paraiba States. The sample comprised 504 children under two years (280 residents in Gameleira and 224 in São João do Tigre). Survival analysis was used to estimate the median duration of survival time of breastfeeding and the associations with socioeconomic conditions, factors related to mothers and children and health care., Results: The duration of exclusive and exclusive/predominant breastfeeding and breastfeeding were of 19, 79 and 179 days in Gameleira and 23, 91 and 169 days in São João do Tigre, respectively. Mothers with better socioeconomic conditions, as represented by education, sanitation, and possession of consumer goods, had a higher median duration of exclusive/ predominant breastfeeding in both towns. Prenatal care represented by higher number of attendance, earlier onset and feeding and breastfeeding advice had a positive influence on breastfeeding duration., Conclusions: Breastfeeding duration was lower than the recommendation. Despite the families precarious living conditions, a better socioeconomic status and prenatal care were protective factors for exclusive/ predominant breastfeeding duration in these areas.
- Published
- 2013
237. [Prevalence of abdominal obesity and associated factors among individuals 25 to 59 years of age in Pernambuco State, Brazil].
- Author
-
Pinho CP, Diniz Ada S, Arruda IK, Batista Filho M, Coelho PC, Sequeira LA, and Lira PI
- Subjects
- Adult, Age Distribution, Body Mass Index, Brazil epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Sex Distribution, Socioeconomic Factors, Urban Population, Waist Circumference, Obesity, Abdominal epidemiology
- Abstract
In order to estimate the prevalence of abdominal obesity and associated factors in Pernambuco State, Brazil, a cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in 2006, including 1,580 adults 25 to 59 years of age. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference (WC) ≥ 80 cm in women and ≥ 94 cm in men. The conceptual model included demographic, socioeconomic, reproductive, and behavioral variables. Prevalence of abdominal obesity was 27.1% (95%CI: 23.8-30.7) in males and 69.9% (95%CI: 66.8-72.8) in females (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed higher prevalence in men 50 years or older in the metropolitan area and those with higher income, former smokers, and drinkers. Among women, obesity was more prevalent above 30 years of age, in former smokers, and in women with first pregnancy before age 18. Central adiposity is clearly a multifactor condition in the State of Pernambuco, and the determinants of obesity differ between the sexes.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
238. [The evolution of maternal and child healthcare and birth weight in the State of Pernambuco in 1997 and 2006].
- Author
-
Noronha GA, Lima Mde C, Lira PI, Veras AA, Gonçalves FC, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Brazil, Child Welfare, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Time Factors, Birth Weight, Child Health Services, Prenatal Care
- Abstract
The scope of this paper was to assess the evolution and influence of maternal and child care on birth weight variation in the state of Pernambuco. The study used data from two cross-sectional population-based household surveys conducted with under-five children in the state of Pernambuco in 1997 (n = 1906) and 2006 (n = 1555). The sample was calculated to ensure the representativeness of two geo-economic strata: urban and rural areas. The variables studied were prenatal, delivery care and birth weight. The x(2) test was used to compare the categorical variables and mean difference in birth weight was calculated between the years studied with the respective 95% confidence interval. A marked improvement was seen in prenatal care and an increase in the frequency of caesarean section. In the rural area there was a significant 112 g decrease in mean birth weight. In 2006, access to at least one prenatal care appointment occurred irrespective of maternal schooling, however, in 1997 and 2006 access to adequate prenatal care was higher among mothers with better schooling. In spite of the improvement in prenatal and delivery care, poor access, excess of medical interventions and the increase in newborn survival may be influencing the variations in mean birth weight in the State of Pernambuco.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
239. [Intergenerational evolution of stature in Pernambuco State, Brazil (1945-2006): 2 - analytical aspects].
- Author
-
Figueiroa JN, Alves JG, Lira PI, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Brazil, Child, Child, Preschool, Data Collection, Family Characteristics, Female, Humans, Infant, Linear Models, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Socioeconomic Factors, Time Factors, Urban Population, Young Adult, Adolescent Development physiology, Body Height physiology, Child Development physiology, Health Status
- Abstract
This study used multivariate regression models to identify factors associated with the height trend in residents of Pernambuco State, Brazil, in 2006, born from 1945 onward. The data were from two population-based statewide surveys. In the final model for each age bracket, year of birth, gender, schooling, and residence in urban areas were positively associated with stature in adults, as well as in children and adolescents 5 to 19 years of age. In children under five years, in addition to these variables, birth weight and prenatal care were also positively associated, while diarrhea in the two weeks prior to the interview showed a negative association. The findings show that stature was favored by settings with better socioeconomic and environmental conditions.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
240. [Intergenerational evolution of stature in Pernambuco State, Brazil (1945-2006): 1 - descriptive aspects].
- Author
-
Figueiroa JN, Alves JG, Lira PI, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Anthropometry, Brazil, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Linear Models, Male, Reference Values, Sex Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Young Adult, Body Height physiology, Growth Disorders
- Abstract
Linear regression models with random intercepts were used to describe the evolution in stature among residents in Pernambuco State, Brazil, in 2006, born from 1945 onward. From 1947 to 1987, yearly height gain was 0.23 cm in adult men and 0.15 cm in women. In relation to World Health Organization standard values (2006), children and adolescents showed a declining annual height deficit of -0.019 z-scores (H/A) for girls and -0.013 for boys (1987-2006). Men and women who completed 19 years of age in 1987 showed a height deficit of 5.0 cm. Projecting the trends observed in 2006, adult men and women in Pernambuco would wait 22 and 33 years, respectively, to reach the international standard. Within 6 to 7 years, children under five would show a height deficit of 2.3%, which is the occurrence verified in the WHO standard, thus correcting the historical growth retardation in this population group in Pernambuco.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
241. [Overweight in children and adolescents in Pernambuco State, Brazil: prevalence and determinants].
- Author
-
Leal VS, Lira PI, Oliveira JS, Menezes RC, Sequeira LA, Arruda Neto MA, Andrade SL, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Body Mass Index, Brazil epidemiology, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Family Health, Female, Humans, Male, Obesity epidemiology, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Urban Population, Young Adult, Overweight epidemiology
- Abstract
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of overweight and associated risk factors in children and adolescents in Pernambuco State, Brazil, in 2006. The cross-sectional, population-based study included 1,435 individuals from 5 to 19 years of age. Poisson regression was used to evaluate the association between selected variables and overweight. Prevalence was 13.3% for overweight (95%CI: 11.6-15.1) and 3.8% for obesity. Adjusted prevalence ratios showed that higher family income, maternal schooling, possession of household consumer goods, living in urban areas, and maternal overweight were associated with overweight in children and adolescents. The high prevalence of overweight in Pernambuco emphasizes the need for public health measures targeting all families regardless of socioeconomic status.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
242. Factors associated with the decline in stunting among children and adolescents in Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil.
- Author
-
Leal VS, Lira PI, Menezes RC, Oliveira JS, Sequeira LA, Andrade SL, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Brazil epidemiology, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Malnutrition, Nutrition Surveys, Prevalence, Rural Population, Socioeconomic Factors, Urban Population, Body Height, Growth Disorders epidemiology, Nutritional Status
- Abstract
Objective: To analyze the evolution of stunting among children and adolescents and identify their associated factors., Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using data from the state health and nutrition surveys that were conducted in Pernambuco (Northeastern Brazil) in 1997 and 2006. The sample was probabilistic (random and stratified) and was representative of urban and rural strata of the state. Questionnaires containing precoded questions relating to information on socioeconomic, demographic and anthropometric variables (of the mothers, children and adolescents) were used for data gathering. The population studied comprised 1853 children and 1484 adolescents between the ages of five and 19 years. Multiple regression analysis with hierarchical selection was used to evaluate associations between explanatory variables relating to stunting., Results: The prevalence of stunting presented a significant reduction of 43% (from 16.9% in 1997 to 9.6% in 2006). Socioeconomic variables and maternal height were associated with this decline. The reductions ranged from 39% to 60% among the strata analyzed. Analysis on determinants of stunting showed that in 2006, the following remained significant: per capita family income (< 0.25 minimum salary), possession of domestic goods (< three), greater number of people per household, lower schooling level and lower maternal height., Conclusions: The reduction in stunting reflected improvements in social and economic conditions. However, it remains necessary to maintain and improve public policies, in order to increase the purchasing power of the poorest people and to achieve universal access to health and education services for the population.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
243. Prevalence of visceral obesity estimated by predictive equation in young women from Pernambuco.
- Author
-
Petribú Mde M, Cabral PC, Diniz Ada S, Lira PI, Batista Filho M, and Arruda IK
- Subjects
- Adult, Age Factors, Brazil epidemiology, Cardiovascular Diseases etiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Obesity, Abdominal complications, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Statistics, Nonparametric, Young Adult, Obesity, Abdominal epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: The accumulation of visceral fat is considered a major risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases., Objective: To determine the prevalence of visceral obesity and to assess its association with cardiovascular risk factors in young women from the state of Pernambuco., Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out with data from the "III Health and Nutrition State Survey", involving women aged 25 to 36 years. The following variables were evaluated: body mass index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), volume of visceral fat (VVF) estimated by a predictive equation, Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure (SBP, DBP), total cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), fasting glucose (FG)., Results: A total of 517 women were evaluated, with a median age of 29 years (27-32) and prevalence of visceral obesity of 30.6%. BMI, SBP, DBP and TG were higher in the group with visceral obesity: BMI = 28.0 kg/m2 (25.0 to 21.4) vs. 23.9 kg/m2 (21.5 to 26.4) , SBP = 120.0 mmHg (110.0 to 130.0) vs. 112.0 mmHg (100.0 to 122.0), DBP = 74 mmHg (70-80) vs. 70 mmHg (63-80); TG = 156.0 mg / dL (115.0 to 203.2) vs. 131.0 mg / dL (104.0 to 161.0), respectively, p < 0.01. Age, SBP, DBP, TG and TC levels were significantly and positively correlated with the VVF: r = 0.171, 0.224, 0.163, 0.278, 0.124 respectively, p < 0.005., Conclusion: A high prevalence of visceral obesity was observed, being statistically correlated with cardiovascular risk factors.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
244. [Overweight among adults in Pernambuco State, Brazil: prevalence and associated factors].
- Author
-
Pinho CP, Diniz Ada S, Arruda IK, Lira PI, Sequeira LA, Gonçalves FC, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Adult, Age Factors, Body Mass Index, Brazil epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Obesity epidemiology, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Overweight epidemiology
- Abstract
In order to evaluate the prevalence of overweight and associated factors in Pernambuco State, Brazil, a cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in 2006, including 1,580 adults 25 to 59 years of age. Overweight was defined as body mass index > 25kg/m2. The conceptual model included demographic, socioeconomic, reproductive, and behavioral variables. Prevalence of overweight was 51.1% (95%CI: 48.6-53.6) and was statistically associated with age over 40 years (PR = 1.27; 95%CI: 1.10-1.46), female gender (PR = 1.29; 95%CI: 1.16-1.43), former smoking (PR = 1.42; 95%CI: 1.20-1.69), higher income (PR = 1.49; 95%CI: 1.30-1.71), and history of early pregnancy (< 18 years) (PR = 1.25; 95%CI: 1.11-1.66). There was no association with alcohol consumption, level of physical activity, or specific foods. The high prevalence of overweight is consistent with epidemic levels of this problem elsewhere in world, and the association with several factors supports its multifactor etiology.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
245. Determinants of stunting in children under five in Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil.
- Author
-
Menezes RC, Lira PI, Leal VS, Oliveira JS, Santana SC, Sequeira LA, Rissin A, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Body Height, Body Weight, Brazil epidemiology, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Mothers, Nutritional Status, Rural Population, Socioeconomic Factors, Urban Population, Growth Disorders epidemiology, Malnutrition epidemiology, Nutrition Surveys statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Objective: To describe the prevalence of stunting in children under five and identify factors associated., Methods: Population-based cross-sectional study conducted in 1991, 1997 and 2006 in the state of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. The following variables associated with the prevalence of stunting (height-for-age < -2 z-score) were studied: socioeconomic condition, maternal and child characteristics, and health care provided. A hierarchical model was used in the multiple logistic regression to assess the impact of explanatory variables on children's stunting., Results: The prevalence of child malnutrition (height-for-age) was reduced by 65% from 1991 to 2006. Socioeconomic variables (per capita family income, maternal education, number of people living in the household and access to consumer goods), maternal height and birth weight were associated with stunting in children under five., Conclusions: All the determinants studied improved over the study period though not consistently. Despite significant reduction of child malnutrition in Pernambuco there remain differences regarding stunting, and children with better socioeconomic conditions have more favorable outcomes.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
246. [Linear growth retardation in children under five years of age: a baseline study].
- Author
-
Rissin A, Figueiroa JN, Benício MH, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Prevalence, Socioeconomic Factors, Growth Disorders epidemiology
- Abstract
The scope of this study was to describe the prevalence of, and analyze factors associated with, linear growth retardation in children. The baseline study analyzed 2040 children under the age of five, establishing a possible association between growth delay (height/age index < 2 scores Z) and variables in six hierarchical blocks: socio-economic, residence, sanitary, maternal, biological and healthcare access. Multivariate analysis was performed using Poisson regression with the robust standard error option, obtaining adjusted prevalence ratios with a CI of 95% and the respective significant probability values. Among non-binary variables, there was a positive association with roof type and number of inhabitants per room and a negative association with income per capita, mother's schooling and birth weight. The adjusted analysis also indicated water supply, visit from the community health agent, birth delivery location, internment for diarrhea, or for pneumonia and birth weight as significant variables. Several risk factors were identified for linear growth retardation pointing to the multi-causal aspects of the problem and highlighting the need for control measures by the various hierarchical government agents.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
247. [Anemia in students at public schools in Recife: a study of temporal trends].
- Author
-
Lemos Mda C, Leite IC, Oliveira JS, Miglioli TC, Santos MC, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Schools, Students, Anemia epidemiology
- Abstract
The scope of this study was to evaluate trends in the temporal evolution of anemia in students ranging from the ages of 7 to 11 in Várzea district (Recife-PE) based on three reports concluded in 1982, 2001 and 2005. An evaluation was achieved in ten public schools in the first study and nine in the last two (one was shut down), in a sample of 305 students (1982), 684 students (2001) and 756 students (2005). Hemoglobin was determined in blood samples taken by venopunction, having two criteria to describe anemia: cut points < 12 g/dL and < 11.5 g/dL. By the first criteria, the prevalence of anemia increased from 8.8% in 1982 to 18.9% in 2001, decreasing to 13.4% in 2005. In the last evaluation, the problem of anemia practically disappeared starting from the age of 9. The evolution of anemia revealed two very different trends: marked elevation in the first phase (1982 to 2001) and a rapid decrease in the second stage (2001 to 2005).
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
248. Results of research into the frequency of exclusive breastfeeding vary depending on the approach taken in the interview.
- Author
-
Belo MM, Serva GB, Serva VB, Batista Filho M, Figueiroa JN, and Caminha MF
- Subjects
- Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Interviews as Topic standards, Male, Young Adult, Breast Feeding statistics & numerical data, Interviews as Topic methods, Mental Recall physiology
- Abstract
Objective: To compare the frequency of exclusive breastfeeding using two different interview approaches., Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 309 mothers of children aged 0 to 6 months, with a median age of 11 days. Mothers were interviewed at the Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira during November and December of 2009. Two approaches to the interview were tested: firstly, the mother was asked if complementary foods had been given during the preceding 24 hours. Secondly, they were asked if at any point during the child's life any other foods had been given. The marginal homogeneity test was applied and the significance level was 5%., Results: According to the 24-hour recall, the frequency of exclusive breastfeeding was 78.0%. According to the wider-ranging recall period, the frequency was 59.2% (p < 0.001)., Conclusions: The frequency of the exclusive breastfeeding is overestimated using the 24-hour recall compared with the whole-life recall.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
249. Prevalence of anemia and associated factors in children aged 6-59 months in Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil.
- Author
-
Leal LP, Batista Filho M, Lira PI, Figueiroa JN, and Osório MM
- Subjects
- Anemia blood, Anemia diagnosis, Brazil epidemiology, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Rural Population, Socioeconomic Factors, Urban Population, Anemia epidemiology, Hemoglobin A analysis
- Abstract
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of anemia and to identify its associated factors in children aged 6-59 months., Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on data from the Third Health and Nutrition Survey of the State of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil, with a representative sample of 1,403 children from urban and rural areas. Anemia was diagnosed by means of hemoglobin assays. Multivariate analysis was performed though a hierarchical model, using robust-variance Poisson regression to estimate the prevalence ratio as a function of the following variables: biological factors, morbidity, child nutritional state, socioeconomic factors, housing, sanitation and maternal factors., Results: The weighted prevalence of anemia was 32.8% overall: 31.5% in urban areas and 36.6% in rural areas. In urban areas, anemia was significantly associated with maternal education, consumer goods, number of children less than five years old in the home, drinking water treatment, maternal age, maternal anemia and the child's age. In rural areas, only maternal age and the child's age were significantly associated with anemia., Conclusions: The prevalence of anemia in children in Pernambuco was similar in urban and rural areas. The factors associated with anemia that are presented here should be taken into consideration in planning effective measures for its control.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
250. Prevalence and determinants of overweight in preschool children.
- Author
-
Menezes RC, Lira PI, Oliveira JS, Leal VS, Santana SC, Andrade SL, and Batista Filho M
- Subjects
- Body Mass Index, Brazil epidemiology, Child, Preschool, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Humans, Male, Overweight etiology, Rural Population statistics & numerical data, Socioeconomic Factors, Urban Population statistics & numerical data, Overweight epidemiology
- Abstract
Objective: To examine the prevalence of overweight and its association with socioeconomic and environmental factors, ownership of household goods, maternal nutritional status, and healthcare in preschoolers., Methods: Cross-sectional study with 954 preschoolers from the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, 2006. Multiple logistic regression with hierarchical modeling was conducted. Odds ratios for overweight (crude and adjusted for confounders) were calculated for each independent variable., Results: The prevalence of overweight was 8.1% for the state as a whole and 9% for the Recife Metropolitan Region. In urban and rural areas, the prevalence was 9.7 and 6.8%, respectively. A high prevalence of overweight was found among children whose families lived in better socioeconomic conditions (per capita family income, high educational achievement and access to household goods, better housing and sanitation, and healthcare). The logistic regression final model indicated that maternal educational achievement, ownership of household goods, and maternal body mass index were the determinants that best explained child overweight., Conclusions: Overweight was more prevalent than malnutrition among preschoolers. The prevalence was highest among children living in more privileged socioeconomic conditions.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.