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Tattoos are not mentioned as a source of exposure to nickel. Traces of nickel are, however, almost inevitably found in tattoo inks as impurities and sometimes in tattooed skin. Whether nickel in tattoos has any health consequence is debated. We performed a narrative review of what is currently known about this topic. Today, nickel is frequently detected in inks, but at highly variable levels. It appears to be at higher concentrations in green, blue, and sometimes brown and violet inks. Only nickel allergy in tattooed individuals and nickel-associated tattoo ink allergy are addressed in the literature. Reports of tattoo ink allergy related to nickel are rare and heterogenous. Authors often neglect possible implications of other metals or dyes. A positive patch test is not enough to confirm the role of nickel in a reaction observed after tattooing. We found no report of any systemic complication attributed to nickel from tattoos. The Council of Europe bans the presence of nickel at high levels in tattoo inks, which is a safety net for individuals with nickel allergy. Large epidemiologic case-control studies with systematic biopsies on normal and inflamed tattoos and patch testing would help to understand the role of nickel in tattoo ink allergies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major public health problem worldwide. The prevalence of HBV is dependent on the modes of transmission. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection can progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Oman is regarded as an intermediate endemic region and has had a neonatal vaccine against HBV since 1990. However, little research has been conducted regarding risk factors for HBV transmission. Our study aimed to identify the prevalence of major risk factors for acquiring HBV in Oman. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all adult Omani patients diagnosed with CHB at two tertiary hospitals in Oman, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital and Armed Forces Hospital, between February 2009 and July 2013. The prevalence of major risk factors was identified by interviewing CHB patients using a standard questionnaire during their follow-up visits to the hepatology clinic at both hospitals. The risk factor frequency was stratified by age, gender, and educational level. Results: A total of 274 patients were interviewed; 52.2% of the participants were males. The median age for men was 35.9 years and 35.1 years for women, with 75.5% aged 20--39 years old. The antenatal screening was the most common means of identifying HBV infection in females, and pre-blood donation screening was the most common in males. Intra-familial contact with HBV infected persons and behavioral risks such as body piercing (females) and barber shaving (males) were more common than nosocomial risk factors. Knowledge about HBV infection was scarce among our participants. More than half of the participants had a positive family history of HBV infection. There was a significant association between HBV infection and age groups, and educational levels (p < 0.050 and p < 0.001, respectively). Among those who were infected due to intrafamilial contact or behavioral risk, there was a significant difference between the two sexes (p < 0.020) and between the three age groups (< 23, 23--28, >28) of HBV positive mothers (33.3%, 14.3%, and 6.6%, respectively; p < 0.050). There was also a statistically significant difference among different educational levels (p < 0.050). Conclusions: Direct contact of infected individuals within a family and exposure to high-risk behaviors such as piercing and barber shaving are the main reported risk factors for HBV infection in Omani patients. Reducing the vertical and horizontal transmission of HBV in Oman could be improved by implementing routine antenatal screening of pregnant women and a greater focus on contact screening, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RSBO: Revista Sul-Brasileira de Odontologia is the property of UNIVILLE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nomadas (01217550) is the property of Universidad Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Art of Healing / Sztuka Leczenia is the property of Jagiellonian University Medical College and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses Ndau identity in Zimbabwe. Topics discussed include study of Ndau identity in changing environments, it includes documentary analysis, face-to-face and online interviews with senior members of the Ndau community and using both overt and covert observations; and discussed on identity control theory (ICT) to identify whether or not Ndau identity (ChiNdau) is now endangered in Zimbabwe.

While nineteenth century art critic John Ruskin laments that artists do not observe the skies and their clouds enough, seventeenth-century stage machinists were close to meteorologists in the precision they brought to cloud formations on stage. In French late seventeenth-century drama, clouds framed stages like a proscenium, they lowered and lifted heavenly or other flying bodies, abducted figures, served as vessels for lighting that gave beauty and depth to the stage, and hid all sorts of machinery that risked taking away from the set's credibility, all with unprecedented meteorological precision. Moreover, given the human physiology that was tied to meteorological learning at this time, it is also important to consider the extent to which stage machinists understood the link between their machines and the human body and its psychology. Not only did the theatrical context of their machines generate a psychological moment, but the rigging, the springs, and the movements of the machine's parts were large, mechanical recreations that imitated Cartesian passions of the soul. In this light, stage clouds may have been engineered, artisanal recreations of the external world of nature, but they were also a kind of live experiment that revealed the mechanisms of the inner world of human emotion. By exploring the possibility that stage engineers were not only natural philosophers but also Cartesian machine psychologists, this essay proposes an affective history of stage clouds in Andromède (1650), Cadmus et Hermione (1673), and Isis (1677). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Descriptions of clothing and body modification in the Hebrew Bible often communicate information about the wearers' identities, emotions, and changes of status. Dress studies is an interdisciplinary pursuit that has expanded greatly since the 1980s as part of a wider academic recognition that the human body is a primary site of cultural construction. Hebrew Bible scholars have increasingly recognized the value of this approach with regard to biblical texts and continue to explore its multifaceted dimensions. The studies to date include examinations of permanent body modifications in the Hebrew Bible: circumcision, scarification, tattooing, and piercing. Scholars have also analyzed temporary body modifications, such as styling or cutting the hair and applying cosmetics. Additionally, there are studies of the supplements added to the body, most notably clothing and jewelry. When examined in their social context, biblical descriptions of clothing and body modification reveal important information about the figures involved, the development of a narrative, and the ideologies of biblical writers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an interdisciplinary approach to fashion theory, in support of those studies in the field of subcultures and alternative lifestyles. The thesis of this work is that fashion shows the lasting correlation between forms of consumption, relationship, communication processes, cultural practices, systems and structures of production. The social meanings of the "objects of culture" are continually renegotiated in the relationship not only with each other but also with the context, while highlighting forms of opposition, conformity, differentiation and symbolic resistance. They communicate changes in the social structure, which are well manifested in the field of fashion. This complexity of fashion would require a joint effort from social scientists, but this does not happen, due to the theories of fashion continuing to be fragmented. The article underlines the importance of an "interdisciplinary approach" central to recognizing some theories of fashion and the cultural significance of self-fashioning, including not only clothing but also body alterations such as tattooing and piercing. Fashion represents a complement and reflects far deeper and more structured social transformations and events. It analyses specific anthropological and psycho-sociological theories considered essential in the development of fashion studies. Duesenberry and the demonstration effect is discussed, along with "the objects" of Baudrillard, considering the importance of the idea of circularity between production and consumption proposed by Isherwood & Douglas. The theories of Bourdieu and Yonnet are also described, along with the approach of cultural studies proposed by CCCS of Birmingham and Polhemus. The theories presented in the article are useful as theoretical patterns for the study of alternative lifestyles and youth fashion styles. From the analysis of the theories presented in this article, we can argue specific research subjects in the study of fashion style and its relationship with youth sub-cultures, starting from the hypothesis presented in the conclusions that consider fashion as a technique of identity exercise, of socialization to a new social role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the effects of the audio-visual and narrative interpretations of romantic relationships in the novel "All You Need is Kill" by Hiroshi Sakurazaka. Topics include the nomination of the novel's manga adaptation to the 2015 Eisner awards, and the novel's film adaptation titled "The Edge of Tomorrow," directed by Doug Liman and starring Tom Cruise and Emily Blunt.

Purpose: This study draws on social stigma and prejudice to examine the perceptions and beliefs of managers and employees regarding visible tattoos and body piercings, as well as the impact they have on potential employment and human resource management in the global South, using Nigeria as the research context. Design/methodology/approach: The study uses a qualitative research approach, drawing on data from 43 semi-structured interviews with employees and managers in Nigeria. Findings: Contrary to the popular opinion that tattoos and body piercings are becoming more accepted and mainstream in society, this study finds that some Nigerian employers and employees may stigmatise and discriminate against people with visible tattoos and body piercings. The findings of this study suggest that beliefs about tattoos are predicated on ideologies as well as religious and sociocultural values, which then influence corporate values. Research limitations/implications: The extent to which the findings of this research can be generalised is constrained by the limited sample and scope of the research. Practical implications: Religious and sociocultural preconceptions about people with visible tattoos and body piercings have negative implications for the recruitment and employment of such people and could prevent organisations from hiring and keeping talented employees. This implies that talented employees might experience prejudice at job interviews, preventing them from gaining employment. Furthermore, stigmatising and discriminating against people with visible tattoos and body piercings may lead to the termination of employment of talented employees, which could negatively affect organisational productivity and growth. Originality/value: This study provides an insight into the employment relations regarding tattoos and body piercing in Nigeria. The study highlights the need for mild beliefs and positive perceptions about people with visible tattoos and unconventional body piercings. There should be a general tolerance of the individual preference for body art and physical appearance, and this tolerance should be incorporated in organisational policies, which are enactments of corporate culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It would be challenging to differentiate whether a cancer arose due to the tattoo itself or its removal, considering that individuals may have other tattoos, and various environmental factors would need to be considered. Tattooing of skin results in transportation and light-induced decomposition of tattoo pigments--a first quantification in vivo using a mouse model. Laser tattoo removal and risks of cancer: A joint statement of the EADV tattoo and body art task force, European Society for Lasers and Energy-Based Devices (ESLD) and la Société Française des lasers en Dermatologie. [Extracted from the article]

Description of video: Background We present the case of a 75-year-old male patient with locally advanced Siewert Type 2 gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma post neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Inadvertent through-and-through piercing of the lower thoracic aorta with the tip of an energy device just above the diaphragm was sustained during the thoracoscopic esophageal dissection phase of the three-field minimally-invasive McKeown approach. Methods The procedure proceed thoracoscopically. The lower thoracic aorta was dissected and mobilized proximally and distally, and clamped on both ends with the introduction of Debakey clamps directly through separate small incisions in the chest wall. Primary repair of both anterior and posterior defects was then performed with monofilament non-absorbable sutures. Total clamp time was 30 minutes (in 15-minute intervals). Results Post-repair, perfusion status to the distal viscera and lower limbs were verified and intact. The rest of the operation then proceeded uneventfully. A Computed Tomography scan of the thoracic aorta on postoperative day 14 showed a patent thoracic aorta with no intraluminal narrowing or thrombosis. Conclusion Thoracoscopic repair of aortic injury sustained during the thoracoscopic dissection phase of a minimally invasive esophagectomy can be performed safely in well-selected, haemodynamically stable patients. Drpbox link to video: https://www.dropbox.com/s/xbwt6ge23iywr3m/aorta3mus1.mp4?dl=0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This requires the insertion of a ureteric catheter to perform the injection and the patient is placed in a modified lithotomy position during the robotic reconstruction. All the male patients had left ureteric strictures, while the female patient had a right stricture. All patients underwent preoperative MAG3 renograms and CT urograms, which showed obstruction on the side of the stricture and provided a measure of its length (<3 cm). [Extracted from the article]

Tattoos have long become a part of human civilization. However, as the number of people who get tattoos increases, so is the number of people who wish to have their tattoos removed. Compared to other methods, laser‐based devices are associated with the best efficacy and least side effects in tattoo removal. Lack of understanding of the fundamental principles of laser and managing its parameters may result in suboptimal result and increased risk of side effects. Recognizing and mastering multiple factors including skin types, nature and color of tattoos, and proper selection of laser parameters such as wavelength, fluence, and pulse, are central in achieving an optimal tattoo removal outcome. This review provides a comprehensive overview on the fundamental principle of laser and practical approaches in tattoo removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with intervention research that took place linked to the supervised internship of Psychology course, from April to September 2019, focusing on a territorial immersion in the district of Rocas, in the city of Natal / RN. The interventions focused on the Rocas Community and Culture Center (CECCO), a mental health device that integrates the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS). Immersed in the daily life of the device, the interventions sought to strengthen one of the groups that make up the CECCO, focused on craft workshops with women diagnosed with mental disorders. To do so, they supported the values of the solidarity economy, promoting income generation for its members. With the action guided by cartography and the theoretical-methodological framework of institutional analysis, we sought to understand how health production, linked to art and work, influences the condition of a woman artisan and a heterogeneous collective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Adriatic Sea, between the Italian and Dalmatian coasts, so close to each other, is a land of historical, economic and literary interesection. The novel Il Cerusico di mare, by the then young D'Annunzio, belongs to this universe. A text with obvious loans from Verga and Maupassant, pierced by dialogues in the Pescara dialect, and which recounts a navigation through the sea painted from the European decadence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In a country like Pakistan, a high prevalence of HCV persists due to a lack of awareness among the masses and the absence of adequate medical facilities in less privileged areas. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a risk-based screening tool based on the identification of predictive factors for HCV in the adult population in Karachi, Pakistan, which can later be validated for implementation. Methodology: A case-control study design was adopted and data was collected through an interview-based questionnaire from among 284 patients visiting the Family Medicine Department at The Indus Hospital, Karachi on whom the anti-HCV antibody test was conducted. Received data was then entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Result: Analysis indicated that in the entire cohort, marital status, employment status, history of being operated on in the past, family history of HCV infection, and body piercing were the factors significantly associated with positive HCV antibody. Results thus achieved show that the anti-HCV-positive rate was higher in ever married, employed, having had surgery, and family history of HCV infection (aOR: 2.42, 3.5, 2.04 and 2.5, P = 0.043, 0.002, 0.011 and 0.005, respectively). Conclusions: It is concluded that future research may be conducted enrolling the heterogeneous population to further probe the HCV burden and incidence in our society to initiate educational purposes. This goal can be achieved through commercial advertisements and free public lectures for disease prevention and better health awareness among the masses and the curers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the subject of the famous female commander Tomyris Han, narrated by Herodotus, in the Western painting art is discussed. The last battle of Cyrus the Great, the founder of the Persian Empire, was with Massagetae / Saka / Scythian Queen Tomyris Khan and at the end of the war Cyros was defeated, killed on the battlefield and his head separated from his body This event, interpreted as the revenge of the woman, has been one of the figurative art subjects, especially starting from the Renaissance. Depicted by many different artists such as Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640), Francesco Allegrini (1587-1663), François Ragot (1638-1670), Gustave Moreau (1826-1898), Tomyris Khan has been seen as a symbol of the power of women and justice in Western Art. In the article, works on Tomyris Khan by painters or sculptors will be introduced Herodotus tells that Cyrus the Great, the first king of the Persian Achaemenid Empire, was killed by Queen Tomyris of the Massagetae, a Scythian / Saka ethnic group, in the east of the Caspian Sea around 530 BC, after which she separated his head from his body. Herodotus tells in detail how Tomyris Khan dips Kyros into a blood-filled leather bottle as she swore to do. This story made Tomyris one of the important female characters of the Western art, especially in the Renaissance and afterward, and turned Tomyris into an icon representing "the power of women", in other words, "feminism". Many repetitions of this issue in Renaissance Europe made the woman a symbol of the manifestation of justice in the personality of Tomyris Khan. Although it is still debated in Turkey whether Tomyris Khan actually lived or whether it is a mythological character, the Western World loves and respects Tomyris Khan as a symbol of women's courage and power, and still tries to immortalize her name in different art branches with admiration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tattoos have existed since ancient times in every culture with a growing fascination. The need for tattoo removal has also increased in demand with its rising popularity. After an extensive literature review, we have outlined the various conventional tattoo removal methods that have existed and continue to be practiced and the theory behind it, new laser devices and the various strategies that have been applied for effective tattoo removal and also the surgical methods which are employed. Although tattoo removal methods have revolutionized over time, further research is needed to offer safer and more effective methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hepatitis B infection is among the most common public health concerns globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The prevalence of hepatitis B infection is more common among most vulnerable populations, including pregnant women. However, there are limited studies on hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in low-income countries, including Ethiopia, and the previous studies focused on the general population rather than the pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and examine factors associated with hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in the Northern Ethiopia. Methods: nstitution-based cross-sectional study design and a structured face-to-face interview were used to collect data from the study participants. Simple random sampling method was used to select eligible study participants. Data were entered using EpiData version 3.1, and SPSS version 20 was used for the data analysis. We analyzed the data to examine factors associated with hepatitis B virus infection using binary and multivariable logistic regression models. Results: The overall prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among the study participants was 9.2%. The majority (46.7%) of the study participants infected by hepatitis B were in the age group 25– 34 years. The study found that married study participants were more likely to be infected by hepatitis B when compared to the unmarried study participants. Having history of abortion [OR = 0.12 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.47), P < 0.01] and having history of tattooing [OR = 0.21 (95% CI: 0.07, 0.62), P < 0.01] were found to be statistically significantly associated with the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women. Conclusion: A significant number of pregnant women participating in the study were infected by the hepatitis B virus which needs efficient intervention to reduce the infection rate. Further, educational status, having history of surgery, dental procedure, ear piercing, abortion and tattooing were found statistically to be significant before controlling for confounders. But, after controlling for confounders, only having history of tattooing and having history of abortion were found to be independent factors affecting the prevalence of the infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to evaluate the incidence, screening, and risk factors of HepB virus infection among students in two tertiary educational institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria. The multi-campus study was conducted among 354 students of the two institutions (177 per institution). A rapid diagnostic test kit was used in screening HepB surface antigen among the respondents. Data were analyzed with the use of descriptive and inferential statistics. The majority of the respondents on HepB virus infection testing in Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin (152, 85.9 %), and College of Education (Technical), Lafiagi (158, 89.3 %), were within the age range of 21-25 years. Age has been identified as a stronger influence of HepB infection on the respondents in Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, and no such association was observed in the College of Education, (Technical), Lafiagi. In College of Education, (Technical), Lafiagi, there were significant associations between HepB virus infection and infected patients who drank alcohol, wore body tattoo, had pierced ear or body, involved in drug abuse, had blood transfusion history, multiple sex partners, shared toothbrushes, used utensils and shared sharp objects, while at Al-Hikmah University, there was no statistical association between social and medical variables and HepB infection. There was an HepB infection incidence rate of 0.6 % in Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, and 1.7% in the College of Education, (Technical), Lafiagi. The incidence rates of HepB burden in both institutions were low. Significant correlates were associated with HepB infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]